Number Of Orchids Research Articles

Orchid diversity of Tropical Wet Evergreen forests in Digboi Forest Division, Assam, India

The present study was conducted to investigate the orchid flora in 15 reserve/proposed reserve forests under Digboi Forest Division of Assam to assess their habitat ecology for occurrence reorganization. Presently 111 numbers of orchid species were recorded, of which 92 species were epiphytic while merely 19 species were found with terrestrial habit. Terrestrial orchids have shown much localized occurrence, maximum number occurring in Upper Dihing RF, which is part of rain forest Dihing Patkai National Park. Host range of epiphytic orchids revealed 27 species, Lagerstroemia speciosa sheltered highest number of orchids followed by Dipterocarpus retusus, Tectona grandis and Bischofia javanica. In view of the documented species 24.45% of the total species were Rare, 3.64% vulnerable, 3.64% near threatened, 6.36% endangered and 2.73% critically endangered making the area a significant orchid habitat. Forest destruction, drastic depletion of forest areas and illegal mining activity have detrimental effects on the population of orchids.

A Correlation between the Microclimate Forest to the Diversity of Orchids at Climate of the Lowland Dipterocarp Forest in Malinau Regency

This research evaluated forest microclimate effects on biodiversity, explore relationships among canopy properties, and disentangle their relationship on orchid ephypite diversity in the climax. The presence of orchids data collection carried by census on every tree that is over grown, while the research plots using single plot to the extent of 6 plots, each of the sized of 100 x100 m of lowland dipterocarp forest in Malinau Regency. Overall number of orchids were found in 6 hectares of climax forest could be 3324 clumps or 554 clumps/hectares from 43 species especially of the genus Bulbophyllum (7 genus or 35%). The analysis used a multiple linear regression, while Pearson’s correlation method. was used to find out the correlation between X (climate parameters) and Y (number of orchid) variables. Correlation between the elements of micro-climate with a number of orchids in climax shows a positif and strong correlation between the presence of orchids with average daily humidity (0.99) and the intensity of radiation at each vertical tree stratum (0.95), instead the relationship with temperature showed negative and a weak correlation (-0.51).

Местонахождение редких видов растений семейства Orchidaceae в Гайнском районе (Пермский край, Россия), перспективное для присвоения статуса особо охраняемой природной территории

The task of preserving biodiversity is closely related to the protection of rare and endangered species of organisms and the development of a system of specially protected natural areas. In 2020 and 2021, a reconnaissance survey of a site with a small open swamp near the village of Gayny (Perm Krai) was carried out in order to assess the prospects for giving it the status of a specially protected natural area. The site is characterized by a high diversity and abundance of orchids growing on it, which are one of the most vulnerable components of vegetation. The diversity of plant communities of the site was described and 11 orchids were recorded. All of them are included in the security lists of various levels. In addition, in the territory under consideration in 2015, a resident of the village of Gaina, Yu. A. Savelyev, recorded Epipogium aphyllum Sw., which was not encountered during a reconnaissance survey. The article presents some features of the distribution, biology and protection of all orchids noted on this territory. The main reason for the reduction in the number of orchids, as well as many other species of organisms, is the violation of habi-tats. Ecological and biological features of orchids enhance the effect of adverse factors. Therefore, today the conserva-tion of orchid habitats is considered as the most effective method of their protection. Based on this, it is concluded that it is advisable to assign the status of a specially protected natural area to the surveyed site in the vicinity of the village of Gainy, Perm Krai.

Epiphytic Orchid Inventory and The Host In Bantarbolang Nature Reserve - Central Java

Bantarbolang Nature Reserve is located in the northern part of Central Java Province. The study aiming to verify the plant species of epiphytic orchids and the host tree in the area of Bantarbolang Nature Reserve was conducted in February to April 2019. The research method used in the research was explorative methods. Data were analyzed descriptively. It was recorded that there were 5 epiphytic orchid species, i.e. Rhynchostylis retusa, Aerides odorata, Cymbidium bicolor, Dendrobium crumenatum and Ascocentrum miniatum. The number of orchids found was 148 individuals, the most common species was Rhynchostylis retusa. The host trees are teak (Tectona grandis), putat (Barringtonia acutangula), bulu (Ficus annulata) and bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa) with characteristics of hard stems, cracked surface texture, rough, mossy and not easy to peel.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK (ORCHIDACEAE) DI AREA HUTAN BUKIT KUKUS, BANGKA BARAT

Orchid is a group of flowering plants of the Orchidaceae family with a total of 700-800 genera and 25,000-35,000 species. Identification of orchids is a step to determine orchid species by comparing the morphological characteristics of each orchid found. This research was conducted in Bukit Kukus, Air Belo Village, Muntok Subdistrict, West Bangka Regency for four days, from March 9 to March 12, 2018 using exploration methods, including: a preliminary survey, data collection and herbarium making. The results showed that the number of orchids that were found was the conclusion that could be drawn from this exploration is in Bukit Kukus, Air Belo Village, Muntok District, West Bangka Regency, found 15 types of orchids, consisting of 7 genera, namely Agrostophyllum, Arachnis, Bulbophyllum, Coelogyne, Dendrobium, Nephelaphyllum and Poystachya with the most genera Bulbophyllum found, up to 5 species. The most common orchids are found in Zone I, where 12 of the 15 species can be found, while the most common type of orchid is epiphytic orchids with rock substrates.

The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schima wallichii trees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Fardhani I, Torimaru T, Kisanuki H. 2020. The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schima wallichii trees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 290-298. Schima wallichii Choisy. is a mostly montane species native to the island of Java; it grows on degraded land areas and is widely used for forest restoration. We studied the vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on these trees in montane forest on Mt. Sanggara, West Java, Indonesia. To this end, 40 S. wallichii trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) > 20 cm were chosen haphazardly and their epiphytic orchids were identified The diameter and height of each host tree were measured. The position of each epiphytic orchid on each host tree was allocated to one of five zones using Johansson’s method. In total, 39 epiphytic orchid species were identified on 40 host trees at the study site. There was no significant difference in orchid abundance or species richness between crown zones. However, there were significant differences in orchid abundance and species richness between trunks and crowns. Host tree size (DBH) and the number of branches were positively correlated with orchid abundance and species richness. The numbers of orchids and other epiphytic plants were positively correlated in the mid-crown and outer-crown. S. wallichii trees are essential for the epiphytic orchid community because they produce many branches that are suitable for colonization.

Evaluation of antimycobacterial, leishmanicidal and antibacterial activity of three medicinal orchids of Arunachal Pradesh, India

BackgroundThe ethnic population of Arunachal Pradesh uses a number of orchids as such, or in decoction for various ailments. Three untapped orchids namely, Rhynchostylis retusa, Tropidia curculioides and Satyrium nepalense, traditionally used in tuberculosis, asthma and cold stage of malaria in folk medicine, were selected for the present study.MethodsDried material of each plant was divided into three parts. Solvent extraction and fractionation afforded altogether 30 extracts and fractions, which were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv and MDR strain) for antimycobacterial activity; promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania donovani for leishmanicidal activity and two gram positive and three gram negative clinical isolates for antibacterial activity.ResultsThe most significant antimycobacterial activity was observed with n-hexane fraction of the flower of Satyrium nepalense with MIC of 15.7 μg/mL. The most promising leishmanicidal activity was observed with diethyl ether fraction of the roots of Rhynchostylis retusa with IC50 values of 56.04 and 18.4 μg/mL against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes respectively. Evaluation of antibacterial activity identified S. nepalense flower n-hexane and R. retusa roots diethyl ether as potential fractions with MIC values of ≤100 μg/mL against selected clinical isolates.ConclusionsThis is the first report of the plants possessing antimycobacterial and leishmanicidal activity. The investigation resulted in identification of S. nepalense as the most promising plant, which possessed all three activities in significant proportion. This laboratory outcome could be translated to marketable pharmaceutical products and also to produce maximum benefits to the local of nearby area.Graphical abstractAntimycobacterial and leishmanicidal activity of medicinal orchids

Orchid diversity at a residual plateu on Caroebe, Roraima

Orchids were observed in a granitic mountain hill at the, Caroebe road 35, Roraima, at February and June of 2016. It was observed the occurrence of orchids in three different points: the base of the mountain, with typical humid tropical dry land forest; the forest around the rocky top of the mountain, with the presence of thin trees about 15 meters high, medium light entrance below the vegetation; and the granitic plateau, more sun incidence and surrounded by small shrubs. The total area surveyed was of 5 hectares. The orchids encountered in the whole trail were prior identified locally, just as their localization by GPS and according to their growth habit (epiphytic, terrestrial or rupicolous). It was found 28 species. The majority of the indivíduals identified in this survey were found on organic layers accumulated over the granitic rock, as follow: Catasetum planiceps, Catasetum discolor, Cyrtopodium andersonii, Encyclia granitica, Epidendrum ibaguense, Epidendrum viviparum, Cleistes rosea e Nohawilliamsia pirarensis. At the forest that surrounds the rocky hill it was observed, associated to small trees, the following epiphyte orchids: Dimerandra emarginata, Octomeria sp., Scaphyglottis sickii, Trigonidium acuminatum and Cattleya violacea. At the forest covering the base of the mountain it was found the larger number of species (13), with predominance of epiphytes. Besides the larger number found, the frequency of these species was very low, except for Camaridium ochroleucum and Heterotaxis superflua that were found in larger quantity associated to some sort of trees. The specie Liparis nervosa was found only associated to the base of a unique tree, over the organic matter accumulated locally. The large number of orchids found in the study area indicates its importance for more comprehensive studies and stresses the importance for conservation.

Epiphytic Orchids of Kericho Forest, Kenya

Aim: The study assessed the distribution of epiphytic orchids in selecte d trails of Kericho forest Kenya Study Design:Belt transects and timed random walks . Place and Duration of Study:Field survey was conducted in September, 2013 in Kericho forest, located in Rift Valley next to one of the main water towers in Kenya, the Mau Forest. Methodology: Six belt transects of 10 ◊30 m were established at each of the portions along the meandered trails. The belt transects were divided into intervals representing zones and each treated as a plot. The number of individual orchid spec ies were counted and recorded. Apart from transects, timed random walks were also taken to increase the number of orchid species recorded during the survey . Results: A total of eighteen species representing nine genera and one Habenaria sp were recorded and collected. The largest number of orchids occurred at an altitude of ShortResearch Article

Medicinal importance of orchids-A review

The family Orchidaceae is one of the largest families of Angiosperms. It is cosmopolitan in distribution. Apart from being highly ornamental for it's colourful and fragrant flowers and varied economic importance, the members of the family commonly called as orchids are of great medicinal importance. They have been used as a source of herbal remedies in China since 2800 BC. With increasing uses of herbal drugs, the demand for medicinal plants has increased many folds. Large number of orchids from north-eastern states of India is pirated to other parts not only for ornamental but for medicinal uses. This has caused great threat for extinction of orchids. Both in-situ and ex-situ conservation of orchids needs urgent attention. In the present review, medicinal properties of 24 genera and 56 species have been described.

Ecological studies on Aerangis biloba (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in NACGRAB field gene bank, southwestern Nigeria

Aerangis biloba (Lindl.) Schltr. belongs to the family Orchidaceae, which is listed as threatened under the Appendix II of the CITES. This study was conducted to estimate the population and distribution of Aerangis biloba in the field by National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. Twenty five sample plots of 50m by 50m each along line transects were randomly chosen and studies were carried out on them. The results were correlated with the factors that affect the distribution and survival of A. biloba. A total of 129 specimens of A. biloba were observed within the study area, giving a population density of 5.16 orchids per m2. This indicates that the species is abundant in the sampled area, as a result of good population of the selected phorophytes. The analysis of the data indicated a high correlation between and among the plots (P=0.0003). A. biloba was observed only on nine trees among over 160 trees present in the sampling area, suggesting that these nine trees could act as phorophyte for A. biloba of which, Irvingia gabonensis and Irvingia wombulu harbored the highest number of orchids. The paper gives a synopsis of the economic and ecological significance of orchids. It also recommends controlled harvesting, reduced deforestation and establishment of orchid gardens as some of the effective ways of enhancing orchid conservation in Nigeria.

Burkholderia cepacia . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria

Abstract A description is provided for Burkholderia cepacia . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common host is Allium cepa , but can also cause disease in Allium sativum . Also identified as causing disease in Lycopersicon esculentum (63, 3168), a cavity disease of a cultivated mushroom ( Agaricus bitorquis ) (72, 5605) and a leaf spot on the a number of orchids including Cymbidium spp., Dendrobium sp. and Paphiopedilum spp. (66, 4326). The bacterium can also be found in soil, in clinical material, in disinfectant solutions and as an opportunistic pathogen of man and animals. It is gaining in significance as a major pathogen for sufferers of cystic fibrosis (Isles et al. , 1984; McKevitt & Woods, 1984; Thomassen et al. , 1985). DISEASE: Onion slippery skin; this is a rot of bulb scales, usually occurring at or near maturity, sometimes in storage. The bacterium does not appear to be strongly invasive, attacking plants that are damaged or weakened. Bacteria are thought to gain entry through the neck or leaf blades as the foliage falls over and the epidermis breaks, at maturity (64, 5550). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. TRANSMISSION: Appears to be a soilborne wound pathogen.

Arthur William Hill, 1875 - 1941

Arthur William Hill was born at Watford on 11 October 1875 and was the only son of Daniel Hill, who retired from a strenuous business life in the early ’nineties. Daniel Hill had a large and beautiful garden at Watford, the care of which was his chief interest, and it was through him that Arthur W. Hill imbibed during his boyhood the sound practical knowledge of most branches of horticulture which was to stand him in such good stead later. Hill entered Marlborough College in 1890, living in a house in the town from which he went to the school as a day boy. At Marlborough he began to take a great interest in field botany, largely through the influence of a classical master, the late Edward Meyrick, F.R.S., who was himself a keen naturalist. Marlborough is one of the best districts in England for the study of wild plants, and in after life Hill used often to refer to the large number of orchids he found on the Marlborough Downs as a schoolboy. There is no doubt that the environment of Marlborough exercised a great influence on Hill: he returned there as often as possible to visit his old school and to enjoy the solace of riding and walking in Savernake Forest and on the Downs. For many years until his death he was an honorary member of the Marlborough College Natural History Society, and he bequeathed to the college a considerable part of his estate. Hill sat for the entrance scholarship examination of one of the groups of Cambridge colleges in 1893, and it is related that one of his examiners made a special appeal for an award to him on the ground that his botanical knowledge and enthusiasm gave evidence of greater promise than the mark-list showed. He was awarded an exhibition at King’s College, and never was award better justified. He was subsequently made a Foundation Scholar of the college.

A new Thrips damaging Orchids in the West Indies

The thrips described below has recently been a source of considerable damage to orchids grown for ornamental purposes in Trinidad, West Indies. Up to the present it has not been found on wild orchids and it is possible that it is not indigenous to this island. A large number of orchids are brought over from Venezuela and it may have been imported with them from that country.

Societies and Academies

Societies and Academies