Number Of Necrosis Research Articles

МОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ХВОИ СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ КОСТАНАЙСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article examines changes in the morphometric and pathological parameters of Scots pine needles in forest stands growing in different environmental conditions on the territory of the Kostanay region. The goal of the study is to describe changes in the length of Scots pine needles and the amount of necrosis on the assimilation apparatus under conditions of technogenic pollution in the city of Kostanay and in the ecologically clean zone of the Arakaragay forest in pine forest stands of different ages. Objectives: to study and analyze the general condition of trees in pine forests of different ages under different environmental conditions, to show the consequences of the influence of technogenic pollution on the state of the assimilation apparatus of Scots pine. In the process of work, the morphometric parameters of Scots pine needles were studied, necrosis was diagnosed and a general assessment of the condition of forest stands was carried out. As a result of the work carried out, statistically significant differences in the length of Scots pine needles in various environmental conditions were established. An increase in the level of crown deprivation in an urbanized area and an increase in the number of necrosis on pine needles are shown. It has been shown that the morphometric indicators of Scots pine needles, the state of the crown and the number of necrosis on the assimilation apparatus of tree stands are important indicators for assessing the influence of environmental factors on the state of tree species.

Effect Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Aqueous Extract (SLAE) on Remodeling of Ventricle Heart Tissue in Obesity Rats Model

A high-fat and high-fructose diet can lead to obesity which contributes to an increased risk of heart failure complications. Soursop leaves are known to have the potential of antioxidant, but research about the effects of soursop leaf on complications of heart failure has never been studied. This study evaluated whether soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the total of cardiomyocyte necrosis, cardiomyocyte diameter, and density of cardiac collagen in obese rats. The heart organs of obese rats that have been paraffin, which randomly divided into normal group, obesity group, and soursop leaf aqueous extract (SLAE) group with dose I (100 mg/kgbw), II (200 mg/kgbw), and III (400 mg/kgbw) (n=6 rats). The rats were induced by high-fat high-fructose and SLI diets for 10 weeks. The number of necrosis and diameter cardiomyocytes were measured by using Hematoxylin Eosin staining, while the density of cardiac collagen was measured by Masson's Trichrome staining and then observed with a trinocular and dot side microscope at 200x and 400x magnification. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA and continued by LSD test. We found that group SLAE with doses I, II, and III significantly reduced the number of cardiomyocyte necrosis and cardiac collagen density compared to the obesity group. The SLI group with doses II and III significantly reduced the diameter of cardiomyocytes compared to the obesity group, while the SLAE group with the dose I was unable to reduce the diameter of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, Soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the increase of cardiac collagen density, number necrosis and diameter cardiomyocyte.

Differentiating malignant and benign necrotic lung lesions using kVp-switching dual-energy spectral computed tomography

BackgroundNecrotic pulmonary lesions manifest as relatively low-density internally on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). However, using CT to differentiate malignant and benign necrotic pulmonary lesions is challenging, as these lesions have similar peripheral enhancement. With the introduction of dual-energy spectral CT (DESCT), more quantitative parameters can be obtained and the ability to differentiate material compositions has been highly promoted. This study investigated the use of kVp-switching DESCT in differentiating malignant from benign necrotic lung lesions.MethodsFrom October 2016 to February 2019, 40 patients with necrotic lung cancer (NLC) and 31 with necrotic pulmonary mass-like inflammatory lesion (NPMIL) were enrolled and underwent DESCT. The clinical characteristics of patients, CT morphological features, and DESCT quantitative parameters of lesions were compared between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent prognostic factors differentiating NPMIL from NLC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance of single-parameter and multiparametric analyses.ResultsSignificant differences in age, C-reactive protein concentration, the slope of the spectral curve from 40 to 65 keV (K40–65 keV) of necrosis in non-contrast-enhanced scanning (NCS), arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP), effective atomic number of necrosis in NCS, and iodine concentration (IC) of the solid component in VP were observed between groups (all p < 0.05). The aforementioned parameters had area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.747, 0.691, 0.841, 0.641, 0.660, 0.828, and 0.754, respectively, for distinguishing between NLC and NPMIL. Multiparametric analysis showed that age, K40–65 keV of necrosis in NCS, and IC of the solid component in VP were the most effective factors for differentiating NLC from NPMIL, with an AUC of 0.966 and percentage of correct class of 88.7%.ConclusionsDESCT can differentiate malignant from benign necrotic lung lesions with a relatively high accuracy.

EVALUATION OF ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA WITHIN THE ARTIFICIAL VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLE

Introduction. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) is a natural cytokine, characterized by pronounced antitumor properties. A wide range of side effects serves as an obstacle for the use of TNF-α in clinical practice. One of the ways to improve its therapeutic properties is to increase the tropism of the cytokine to the tumor tissue by incorporating it into the targeted delivery system.The aim of the study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of the preparation containing TNF-α as part of the artificial “virus-like particle” (VLP-TNF-α), developed in SRC VB “Vector” as a transport system for delivering proteins to target cells.Materials and methods. The antitumor effect of VLP-TNF-α preparation was evaluated in experimental B16F10 melanoma model by the change of dynamics of tumor growth (volume, mass) and its morphological structure (presence of necrotic processes, blood vessel destruction). The number of the effector immune cells (CD3+, CD11b+) in the tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemical method.Results. It has been shown that VLP-TNF-α administered intravenously at the doses of 5 × 104 and 1 × 105 IU/mouse inhibits the growth of the primary tumor. The most pronounced and stable effect was observed with a five-fold administration at the dose of 1 × 105 IU/mouse every other day: tumor growth inhibition was 40 % on the 1st day, and 47 % on the 7 th day upon the treatment. Injections of the preparation resulted in the increase of necrosis number, destruction level of the tumor tissue, development of damage and destruction of the tumor blood vessels and its infiltration with immunocompetent cells.Conclusion. The obtained data indicates that TNF-α within the delivery system exerts antitumor activity, which suggests the possibility of its further use for the treatment of malignant neoplasms, in particular, melanoma.The study was performed in accordance with ethical principles adopted by the European Convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes.

The effect of ethanol extract of fruit peel jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) to spleen histological structure of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract. Malini DM, Abadi SA, Madihah, Hermawan W. 2019. The effect of ethanol extract of fruit peel jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) to spleen histological structure of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Nusantara Bioscience 11: 157-161. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder associated with several secondary complications. The spleen is a lymph organ with the main function of filtering red blood cells, immune response and playing any kind of role in diabetes. Despite the currently available anti-diabetic drugs, there are need remedies for alternatives which are economical and safe. One alternative medicine well known by local Indonesian communities to treat DM is the fruit peel of Archidendron pauciflorum. This study aimed to evaluate the histological changes in the spleen following administration of ethanol extract of fruit peel Archidendron Pauciflorum (EEJFP) in the streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were used in this study consisting of six groups of four animals each. The treatments given are NC (CMC solution 0.5%), Positive Control (CMC solution 0.5%), G (glibenclamide), Treatment 1, 2, and 3 (EEJFP dose 385; 770; 1540 mg/kg bw). All of the treatment was administered orally to the experimental rats 14 days following induction. The spleen was collected and the histological study was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E). The parameters observed were the number of necrosis and cell damage score, including fat degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and inflammatory cell. The result showed that EEJFP at dose 385 mg/kg bw and 770 mg/kg bw gave significant recovery (p&lt;0.05) on spleen damage by the decreased of the number of necrotic cells and cell damage score which lower than other treatments and compared to negative control group. It was concluded that doses of 385 mg/kg bw EEJFP are the optimum dose to improve the histological structure of spleen damage in diabetic rats.

EFFECT OF NIFEDIPINE ON APOPTOSIS, NECROSIS AND VIABILITY OF GERMINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS IN THE CONTRALATERAL TESTICLE AND PLASMA TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN MALE WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS, WISTAR STRAIN) AFTER UNILATERAL TESTICULAR TORSION

Objective: To compare the number of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of germinal epithelial cells in the contralateral testicle (CT) and plasma testosterone (PT) levels in white male rats which administered Nifedipine after unilateral testicular torsion (TT) compared with control group. Material &amp; Methods: This research was an experimental study using male white rats (Rattus Norvegicus, Wistar strain) aged 10-12 weeks and body weight 150-200 gram. A total of 30 rats were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6) which were negative control group (KN), positive control group (KP1 and KP2) and Nifedipine-administered group (N1 and N2). Each group performed unilateral left side torsion of testicular of 1080o anticlockwise except the KN group. There was 4-hour ischemic duration in the KP1 and N1 groups while 10 hours in the KP2 and N2 groups. Administration of Nifedipine 30 minutes before detorsion by intraperitoneal injection dosed 100 μg/kgBW. All groups performed right orchidectomy and plasma blood sampling. Measurement of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of germinal epithelial cells in the CT using flowcytometry. Measurement of PT levels using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The number of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of contralateral testicular germinal epithelial cells and PT levels in the KN group compared with KP1 and KP2 groups were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant discrepancy in apoptosis (p&gt;0.05) in KP1 group compared with N1 group, as well as in KP2 group compared with N2 groups. The number of necrosis, viability of germinal epithelial cells in the CT and PT level in KP1 group in compared with N1 group, as well as in KP2 group in compared with N2 group were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Nifedipine administration prior to testicular detorsion can maintain cell viability and decrease the amount of necrotic germinal epithelial cells in the CT and prevent the decrease in PT levels after unilateral TT.

Ideal 1:1 stoichiometry curcumin inclusion complex induced potential apoptosisin colorectal adenocarcinoma cells: The clear image of necrosis and functionalized dying effect

Background: This study investigates the inclusion complex of curcumin (CMN) enhance the solubility, which can be utilized for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) greater to free CMN. Methods: CMN solid dispersion (SD) prepared by a hot melt method using CMN with several carriers of poloxamers (P-407 and P-188), gelucire 50/13 (GLR) and mannitol (MNT). Prior, molecular modelling and phase solubility studieswere performed with drug and carriers. The SD characterized by in vitrodrug release, SEM and functionalize dyeing test. Additionally, the cytotoxicity and image of apoptosisresolved to utilize the colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Results: The result showed that CMN-P-407 inclusion complex produced significant properties towards solubility (318 ± 14.46 fold) and dissolution (91 ± 0.431% at 30 min). Similarly, these data fit with insilico model. The IC50 value for inclusion complex found to be 74 and 52 µM/mL, while that for free CMN ranged from 146 and 116 µM/mL on the SW480 and Caco-2 cells respectively. Apoptosis study described that the cells are undergoing cell death by apoptosis and the small number of necrosis. Conclusion: The profound efficiency of CMN-P-407 SD indicated its potential application for CRC treatment by showing a higher capability of inhibiting cell growth compared to that of free CMN.

The effect of jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) fruit peel ethanolic extract to heart histologic of rat induced by streptozotocin

Abadi SA, Illiyyin Z, Rachmadina JR, Malini DM. 2018. The effect of jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) fruit peel ethanolic extract to heart histologic of rat induced by streptozotocin. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 16: 59-63. Indonesia is ranked 7th out of 10 countries with the highest diabetic patients in the world. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that can cause heart disorders and adults who suffer from DM are four times more likely to develop heart disease. Jengkol fruit peel has been used traditionally as a drug for diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research was to know the effect of fruit peel ethanolic extract of jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) (JFPEE) on rat (Rattus norvegicus) heart histological structure and to obtain effective dose from JFPEE. This research used experimental method in laboratory with Completely Random Design (CRD) using 6 treatments and 4 replications. Treatment was given for 14 consecutive days consisting of negative control, positive control, comparison (glibenclamide dose 10 mg/kg BW), P1, P2, and P3 (JFPEE dose 385, 770, and 1.540 mg/kg BW). Diabetic induction was performed with streptozotocin dose 65 mg/kg BW in female wistar rat except for negative control group. The parameters that observed were number of necrosis and cell damage score, including fat degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and inflammatory cell. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA-Tukey's test with 95% confidence level using SPSS version 21 for Windows. The result of histological structure showed that number of necrosis and cell damage score in group of rats treated with JFPEE dose 385 mg/kg BW (174.25±6.34; 1.25±0.50) were not significantly different from the negative control rats (172.00±7.62; 1.00±0.00). The effective dose of JFPEE that can repair the damage of heart cell’s rat induced by streptozotocin was 385 mg/kg BW.

Histogenesis of potato light sprouts in healthy plants and those infected with potato leaf roll virus

Developmental stages of potato (&lt;i&gt;Solanum tuberosum&lt;/i&gt;) light sprouts in healthy plants and those infected with potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) have been distinguished. Potato light sprouts from healthy tubers differentiate in the early stages to the apical and basal parts, which are characterized by distinct dynamics of growth. Ultrastructural examination of apex meristem and phloem ontogeny was carried out for healthy plants. In the development of potato light sprouts of plants infected with PLRV a great many anomalies have been described. Three types of light sprouts developed from infected tubers. Anatomical investigations indicated a rapid growth of the number of necroses in the phloem, and submicroscopic observations showed the presence of virus particles and cytopathological structures: tubular and vesicular structures, paramural bodies and callose deposits. In the companion cells of the phloem the occurrence of very regular inclusions of virus particles was recorded.

Occurrence of disease symptoms and selected biotic factors connected with beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) dieback phenomenon in stands of The Magurski National Park

The studies were carried out in 12 beech stands, growing on mountain fresh forest site in Magurski National Park. Stands differed in respect of exposition (northern and southern) and age - lower age classes (21-60 years old) and higher age classes (81-120 years old). This paper presents evaluation of frequency of disease symptoms occurrence in the crowns and on the trunks of beeches. The presence and the place of occurrence of fungus &lt;i&gt;Ascodichaena rugosa&lt;/i&gt; and insects &lt;i&gt;Cryptococcus fagisuga&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Ectoedemia liebwerdella&lt;/i&gt;, which could be connected with beech bark necrosis on the trunks were noted down. In each stand 50 trees, growing side by side in center of the stand, were analyzed. Among 600 analyzed trees of &lt;i&gt;Fagus sylvatica&lt;/i&gt;, 2.6% had a dead top. Crown thinning were present on 51.8% of trees. It appeared frequently in higher age class stands and didn't cover more than ¼ of the crown. Moreover, in crowns of 4.1% of trees the leaf chlorosis appeared. The most frequent symptom on trunks of beeches were local necroses (98% of trees), that were sometimes connected with slime fluxing (3.3%). Necroses were the most number in stands growing on the southern exposition and on south parts of the trunks. &lt;i&gt;Cryptococcus fagisuga&lt;/i&gt; appeared mostly in high age class stands. Intensity of its appearance was similar on the trees growing on the southern and northern exposition (respectively, 48.3% and 53.3%). Particular parts of the trunks were colonized with similar frequency by &lt;i&gt;C. fagisuga&lt;/i&gt; irrespective of cardinal points (N-29.3%; S-21.7%; W-22.7%; E-26.2%) and number of necroses on the trunks. &lt;i&gt;Ascodichaena rugosa&lt;/i&gt; appeared on 8.6% of trees, more frequently on their north parts of the trunks (7.3%). In the places colonized by fungi &lt;i&gt;A. rugosa&lt;/i&gt;, insect &lt;i&gt;C. fagisuga&lt;/i&gt; was absent. Occurrence of larvae of &lt;i&gt;Ectoedemia liebwerdella&lt;/i&gt; was mostly found on trunks of beeches growing on the southern exposition (43.0%), on 35.3% of trees they colonized south parts of trunks. There wasn't observed any connection between the occurrence of these larvae and symptoms of local necroses.

EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS WILD-TYPE P53 ON MELANOMA CELL DEATH PATHWAYS INDUCED BY IRRADIATION AT DIFFERENT LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER

We investigated the effect of exogenous wild-type p53 on the radiation-induced cells apoptosis and necrosis at different levels of linear energy transfer (LET) to evaluate its mechanisms. The human melanoma cell line A375, which bears wild-type p53 gene status, was used, as well as the transfectant A375 cells (A375/p53) with adenoviral vector containing the wild-type p53 gene. We exposed these cells to X-rays and to accelerated carbon-ion (C-) beams. Cellular sensitivities were determined by using clonogenic assay. Apoptotic and necrotic cell deaths were determined morphologically by dual staining (acridine orange and ethidium bromide) using fluorescence microscopy. We discovered that (1) there was no significant difference in survival fraction between A375 cells and A375/p53 cells irradiated by C-beams with greater than 32 KeV/microm LET, (2) although apoptosis in the two kinds of cells increased in an LET-dependent manner, exogenous wild-type P53 induced cell apoptosis efficiently in A375/p53 relative to A375 cells with X-rays or high-LET irradiation, and (3) by high-LET irradiation, the number of necrosis in A375 cells increased significantly (P < 0.05) in comparison with A375/p53 cells. These results indicate that in high-LET irradiation apoptosis induction is p53 dependent partly and exogenous wild-type P53 plays an important role in modulating cell death type, although there was no significant difference in cellular radiosensitivities. Our observation in the study offers the potential application of high-LET radiation combined with p53 in the management of human patients with melanoma.

Immunohistological localization of a basic class IV chitinase in Beta vulgaris leaves after infection with Cercospora beticola

The subcellular distribution of a basic class IV chitinase (Ch4) in Cercospora beticola-infected sugar beets has been studied by immunohistological analysis. Ch4 was primarily deposited in extracellular globuli proximal to the necrosis. High levels of Ch4 were observed in the vicinity of the necrotic lesions, low levels were found at distant sites from the necrosis. This plant-pathogen interaction thus gives rise to a local induction of Ch4, whereas no apparent systemic induction of Ch4 was found. After infection with Cercospora, a tolerant sugar beet cultivar accumulated Ch4 faster than a susceptible one, and the protein was spatially distributed over a comparatively larger area in the tolerant variety. In the tolerant beet cultivar symptoms appear a few days later, and the number of necroses are reduced and smaler than in the sensitive cultivar. In uninfected sugar beet leaves, Ch4 is present in low amounts in epidermis, stomata and xylem cells. A specific autofluorescence and a high endogenous β-glucuronidase activity in Cercospora were used to demonstrate that this pathogen did not penetrate the tissue beyond the necrosis.

Update on low dose rate irradiation for cancers of the oropharynx--May 1986.

At the conclusion of our recently published article in this Journal on low dose rate irradiation in moderately extensive cancers of the oropharynx, we updated our results in May 1986. Here we report on an expanded group of 65 patients with a 2 year minimum follow-up; 32 patients were treated by low dose rate irradiation and 33 by conventional fractionation. Forty-four percent (14/32) low dose irradiation patients survived with NED vs 8/33 (24%) conventional fractionation patients. The highly significant differences in the level of local recurrences between patients treated by low dose rate irradiation, 5/32 (16%), compared with conventional fractionation, 20/33 (61%), highlights the enhanced efficacy of the low dose rate irradiation technique in the local cure of cancers of the oropharynx. This superior local control however is achieved at the cost of a number of necrosis, 5/32 (16%).