Number Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cases Research Articles

Breaking the Stigma: Increasing Comprehensive HIV Knowledge to End Discrimination Against People Living with HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that infects white blood cells and reduces human immunity. Meanwhile, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a group of symptoms caused by HIV infection that result in decreased immunity. According to UNAIDS data, the estimated number of people living with HIV in Indonesia (2021) reach 540,000, with approximately 200,000 being women and girls, and 19,000 being children. In Indonesia, the HIV prevalence rate is 0.3%, with a total of 27,000 new infections each year. According to more complete data, up to 26,000 people living with HIV died of AIDS. When compared to ten years ago, the percentage of new infections decreased by 47%, but the number of AIDS-related deaths increased by 88%. Overall, the number of HIV cases in Indonesia fluctuates, but on an upward trend. Nonetheless, the Indonesian government is committed to helping the world achieve its goal of ending AIDS by 2030.

YOUNG WOMEN’S DISCRIMINATORY ATTITUDE TOWARDS PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) IN INDONESIA 2017

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is an emergency problem in every country. Since its first appearance in 1987, the number of HIV cases has continued to increase every year. Various actions have been made to prevent and deal with the spread of HIV/AIDS infection. The high discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is one of the inhibiting factors in the curing process of the disease. The adolescent is the potential resource for national development, mainly as the agent of change. Hence, they can be prepared as a new generation who are not discriminative to PLWH, specifically female adolescents who tend to perform discriminative attitudes than males. This study provides an analyze of the determinants of discriminatory attitudes of young women towards PLWHA in Indonesia 2017. The data extracted from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 were analyzed by applying binary logistic regression. The results show that the discriminatory attitudes of young women towards PLWHA in Indonesia in 2017 are significantly affected by the variables of residence, exposure to media/information, comprehensive knowledge, and level of education.

Influence of anonymous HIV testing on national HIV surveillance in the Republic of Korea (2000 to 2015): a retrospective analysis

BackgroundOwing to the continuous increase in the number of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Korea, public health centers (PHCs) have performed anonymous tests since 1989. No study has examined the patterns of anonymous HIV testing performed at PHCs and the characteristics of HIV infection detected in those tests. We aimed to assess the influence of anonymous HIV testing on Korea’s national HIV surveillance.MethodsHIV screening test data from 253 PHCs over a 16-year period were classified into 13 groups based on reason for testing. For anonymous HIV test takers (Anonymous), the HIV positivity per 10,000 tests was calculated, as repetitions could not be distinguished. Those with suspected HIV infection voluntarily underwent HIV testing and revealed their identity (Suspected). HIV prevalence was calculated as the number of HIV-positive persons per 10,000 test takers. Analyses were performed using chi-square and Cochran-Armitage trend test with SAS 9.4.ResultsApproximately 400,000 HIV screening tests were performed at PHCs annually, which remained unchanged in the past 10 years. The proportion of anonymous testing increased from < 3.0% before 2014 to 4.8% in 2014 and 6.1% in 2015. While the number of HIV cases increased, the number of anonymous HIV-positive test results per 10,000 tests decreased from 68.8 in 2010 to 41.8 in 2015. The HIV prevalence among the suspected was approximately 20.0 per 10,000 test takers before 2014, which steeply increased to 71.6 in 2015. Those with suspected HIV were predominantly men, aged 20 years, foreigners, and metropolitan city dwellers in the last 6 years. The high prevalence of persons with suspected HIV resulted in a doubling of HIV prevalence at PHCs between 2014 and 2015.ConclusionsAnonymous and Suspected, which were driven by similar motives, impacted each other. Increase in HIV prevalence among the suspected led to a higher HIV prevalence among all test takers in PHCs and higher proportions of HIV infection nationwide, which could be attributed to the increase in the number of anonymous tests performed in PHCs. HIV positivity among the anonymous and HIV prevalence among the suspected are key indexes of the national HIV surveillance in Korea.

Forecasting the Monthly Cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) of the Philippines

Objective: To build a best model in forecasting the monthly cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) of the Philippines. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The researchers gathered time series data which is monthly HIV new cases from January 2011 to December 2015 from the monthly records of HIV/AIDS new cases in the Philippines from the HIV/ AIDS and ART Registry of the Philippines (HARP) under the umbrella of Department of Health. The researchers utilized advanced statistical tool in developing the model using Univariate Box-Jenkins method in forecasting the HIV cases per month. Findings: The result shows that the monthly cases of HIV in the Philippines has an upward trend, it was observed that the highest peak was on June 2015 with 772 new cases. From the given time, December 2015, It shows that it increases by 82.39% number of HIV cases at the end of December 2016. Satisfying the assumptions of the said method and its model diagnostic checking, the researchers came up with the best model based on AIC is SARIMA (2,1,0) (0,0,1)[12] with drift. The model is Number of HIV Cases(Predicted) = (24.19) Inflation (All Items)– (61.39) Inflation(Health). The developed model of the researchers could help the Department of Health in allocating line item budget for the implementation of prevention projects for HIV cases and intensify measures in monitoring such cases. Applications/Improvements: Results from the study can be a basis/evidence to raise awareness about the epidemic cases of HIV in the country. Researchers suggest that a time series analysis of HIV cases by gender be explored. Keywords: Cases, Forecasting, HIV, Monthly, Philippines

PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA

&lt;p&gt;Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan penyebab penyakit Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) yang merusak kekebalan tubuh manusia. Tahun 2013 di Kalimantan Selatan terdapat 227 kasus HIV dan 134 kasus AIDS dengan kasus tertinggi di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu yaitu kasus HIV 189 orang dan 30 kasus AIDS. Peningkatan kasus baru diproyeksikan terjadi pada populasi sopir karena termasuk mobile men with money and migrant. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada ibu rumah tangga dengan suami pekerja sopir bus antar kota terhadap upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dengan rancangan penelitian secara cross sectional. Sampel ibu rumah tangga sebanyak 40 orang secara accidental. Analisis data dengan uji chi-square. Analisis univariat didapatkan hasil tingkat pengetahuan rendah dan tinggi seimbang sebanyak 50%, sikap kategori baik 92.5% dan upaya pencegahan rendah sebanyak 65%. Analisis bivariat didapatkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan upaya pencegahan (p=0,000, OR=35,2), dengan upaya pencegahan tidak ada hubungan (p=0,539).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;HIV is the cause of AIDS damage the human immune system. In South Kalimantan (2013) was as much as 227 HIV cases and 134 AIDS cases and the highest case in Tanah Bumbu with the number of HIV cases as many as 189 people and 30 cases of AIDS. The increase in new cases of HIV/AIDS is projected to occur in the population of driver because including as a mobile men worker with money and migrants. This research was especially against his wife to understand about the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS on the housewife who has husband as inter-city bus driver towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Tanah Bumbu in 2014. This study conducted at 2014 and used cross sectional design with a sample of housewives as many as 40 people were taken by accidental means. Analyzed using chi-square test. Univariate analysis showed that who had a husband as a driver has a low and a high level of knowledge in balance with each as much as 50%, good attitude category was 92.5% and prevention was low, as much as 65%, while for the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and prevention (p-value = 0.000: OR = 35.2), while for variables with prevention efforts there was no relation (p-value = 0.539).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

HIV and AIDS in the European Union, 2009

In 2009, 28 European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries reported 25,917 newly diagnosed cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Sex among men who have sex with men was the most common transmission mode (35%) followed by heterosexual contact (24%). Overall, the number of HIV cases in 2009 increased while the number of reported acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnoses continued to decline. It is of concern that a high proportion of the patients with known CD4 cells count at the time of HIV diagnosis had a CD4 cell count below 350 cells/µl suggesting no timely access to treatment and care.