Number Of Honors Research Articles

Factors associated with infectious diseases fellowship academic success

ABSTRACT Background A multitude of factors are considered in an infectious disease (ID) training program’s meticulous selection process of ID fellows but their correlation to pre and in-fellowship academic success as well as post-fellowship academic success and short-term outcomes is poorly understood. Our goal was to investigate factors associated with subsequent academic success in fellowship as well as post-fellowship short-term outcomes. Methods In 2022, we retrospectively analyzed deidentified academic records from 39 graduates of the Mayo Clinic Rochester ID Fellowship Program (1 July 2013- 30 June 2022). Data abstracted included demographics, degrees, honor society membership, visa/citizenship status, medical school, residency training program, United States Medical Licensure Exam (USMLE) scores, letters of recommendation, in-training examination (ITE) scores, fellowship track, academic rank, career choice, number of honors, awards, and abstracts/publications prior to fellowship, during training, and within 2 years of graduation. Results Younger fellows had higher USMLE step 1 scores, pre and in-fellowship scholarly productivity, and higher ITE performance. Female fellows had significantly higher USMLE step 3 scores. Prior research experience translated to greater in-fellowship scholarly productivity. Higher USMLE scores were associated with higher ID ITE performance during multiple years of fellowship, but USMLE step 2 clinical knowledge and 3 scores were associated with higher pre and in-fellowship scholarly productivity and receiving an award during fellowship. The USMLE step 1 score did not correlate with fellowship performance beyond year 1 and 2 ITE scores. Conclusions Multiple aspects of a prospective fellow’s application must be considered as part of a holistic review process for fellowship selection. USMLE step 2 CK and 3 scores may predict fellowship performance across multiple domains.

THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF EMPLOYEES WORKING IN NINEVEH AGRICULTURE DIRECTORATE WITH THE VIRAL DISEASES SOLANCEAE FAMILY

The research aims to determine the knowledge level of employees working in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate for the viral diseases solanaceae family, finding differences in the knowledge level of them according to some personal and functional factors: age, gender, educational attainment, specialization, job title, service’s duration, number of honors, training courses, years of experience with viral diseases, number of infections that exceeded and sources of information regarding viral diseases. Data was collected using a paper mail questionnaire and by internet technique; the first part include: independent factors scale, while the second part include: a test of knowledge level consists of 31 paragraphs distributed on 6 areas: Methods of virus transmission, The symptoms that appear on infected plants, Methods of virus diagnosis, viral diseases, Changes that occur in the tissues of plants infected with the virus, and Methods for protecting plants from viral diseases. Content validity & extreme comparison have been used to test validity; reliability coefficient has been tested using Kuder Richardson 0.78; also the paragraphs discrimination & difficulty coefficient have been found. The research sample consists of 113 employee; data were analyzed using: Mean; Kruskal Wallis; Mann Whitney test. Results show that 56.63 % of employees have high knowledge; a higher knowledge level in methods of virus transmission. The result shows that there are no significant variances in knowledge level according to all factors except specialization.

Modernity and ‘publicness’: The career of the Mysore matha, 1880–1940

Fin de siècle Mysore witnessed the gathering force of interminable rivalries of prestige between mathas (monastic institutions). Contests over the types and number of honours enjoyed by travelling gurus in Mysore became frequent, reaching a crescendo in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By this time, the contests were also being adjudicated in courts, as the Mysore administration began to exert greater bureaucratic control over these institutions. The widening sphere of engagements of the modernising matha reveals that a new notion of publicness was taking shape, co-constituted by a triangulation of forces: on one side was the rapidly bureaucratising Mysore state which brought a different visibility and public accountability to the matha; a second side comprised the matha itself developing a new, socially purposive public life. Finally, the matha’s redefinition was aided and shaped by the adherents of the matha, emerging as a ‘public’ which both drew on and remained at a remove from its caste identity. This period of reform had enduring consequences, as the Mysore matha took on a supplementary state form after Indian Independence in 1947.

Factio Metelli w opozycji wobec Gajusza Mariusza w roku 104 przed Chr.

<p>W latach 121–109 przedstawiciele rodu Cecyliuszy Metellusów osiągnęli dominującą pozycję w Republice zdobywając szereg zaszczytów. Okres ten był jednocześnie utrwaleniem statusu domów starej arystokracji. Monopol <em>nobiles</em> złamał Gajusz Mariusz zdobywając konsulat na rok 107, a w trzy lata później przyznano mu go ponownie in absentia.</p><p>Przez cały 104 rok trwał atak na senatorów związanych z <em>factio Metelli</em>. Pierwsi zaktywizowali się trybuni plebejscy, a trójka z nich wystąpiła przeciwko <em>factio Metelli</em> albo prerogatywom senatu. Najważniejszą rolę spośród nich odegrał Gn. Domicjusz Ahenobarbus przeprowadzając reformę zmieniającą sposób powoływania pontyfików i przenosząc to prawo z kolegium na lud.</p><p>Przeciwnicy Mariusza postanowili wykorzystać sądy w walce politycznej. Mnóstwo procesów, do których doszło w latach 106–101, wybitnie potwierdza tę tezę. Szczególnie istotną rolę odgrywał tutaj princeps senatu M. Emiliusz Skaurus, który po śmierci najwyższego pontyfika L. Cecyliusza Metellusa Dalmatyńskiego stał się także nieformalnym przywódcą całego obozu.</p><p>Kluczem do osłabienia pozycji Mariusza w późniejszych latach, stało się przejęcie kontroli nad strategiczną kwestią zaopatrzenia Rzymu w zboże i nad prowincjami, w których to zboże było dostarczane. Zakładając, że podstawowym celem domu Cecyliuszy Metellusów w roku 104 było polityczne przetrwanie, z pewnością osiągnęli oni swoje zamierzenie. Ale pozycję umocnił także Mariusz, ponownie wybrany na konsula. Ostateczne rozstrzygnięcie miało nadejść dopiero w roku 100, co wykracza poza ramy tego artykułu.</p>

Is it a match? a novel method of evaluating medical school success

ABSTRACTBackground: Medical education program evaluation allows for curricular improvements to both Undergraduate (UME) and Graduate Medical Education (GME). UME programs are left with little more than match rates and self-report to evaluate success of graduates in The Match.Objective: This manuscript shares a novel method of program evaluation through a systematic assessment of Match outcomes.Design: Surveys were developed and distributed to Program Training Directors (PTDs) at our institution to classify residency programs into which our UME graduates matched using an ordinal response scale and open-ended responses. Outcomes-based measures for UME graduates were collected and analyzed. The relationship between PTD survey data and UME graduates’ outcomes were explored. Open-ended response data were qualitatively analyzed using iterative cycles of coding and identifying themes.Results: The PTD survey response rate was 100%. 71% of our graduates matched to programs ranked as ‘elite’ (36%) or ‘top’ (35%) tier. The mean total number of ‘Honors’ grades achieved by UME graduates was 2.6. Data showed that graduates entering elite and top GME programs did not consistently earn Honors in their associated clerkships. A positive correlation was identified between USMLE Step 1 score, number of honors, and residency program rankings for a majority of the programs. Qualitative analysis identified research, faculty, and clinical exposure as necessary characteristics of ‘elite’ programs:. Factors considered by PTDs in the rating of programs included reputation, faculty, research, national presence and quality of graduates.Conclusions: This study describes a novel outcomes-based method of evaluating the success of UME programs. Results provided useful feedback about the quality of our UME program and its ability to produce graduates who match in highly-regarded GME programs. The findings from this study can benefit Clerkship Directors, Student Affairs and Curriculam Deans, and residency PTDs as they help students determine their competitiveness forspecialties and specific residency programs.

Mary Lyon's X-inactivation studies in the mouse laid the foundation for the field of mammalian dosage compensation.

Mary Frances Lyon was born in 1925 in Norwich, England. In 1943 she entered Girton College, a part of Cambridge for women and graduated in 1946. She started graduate school, with R. A. Fisher at Cambridge and then moved to the Institute of Animal Genetics at Edinburgh where C. H. Waddington had developed good facilities for mouse work. Lyon earned her Ph.D. in 1950 and remained at Edinburgh to work on the mutagenic effects of radiation. The project moved to Harwell in England because of the need for more space. Lyon moved with the project and became head of the genetics division in 1962. There she remained for the rest of her career. She received a number of honours for her work, including being made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1973; election to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1979; receiving the Royal medal of the Royal Society in 1984 and the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1997. She died on Christmas Day, 2014. In the first 10 years of her postdoctoral work she published several papers on mouse and radiation genetics and one in 1960 on the murine sex-linked mottled gene. This paper, entitled, ‘A further mutation of the mottled type in the house mouse’ was published in the Journal of Heredity (Lyon 1960). Though rarely quoted, is highly significant. In it, she concludes ‘This prompts the suggestion that in heterozygotes some event occurs at an early embryonic stage which determines whether the mutant or normal gene shall be active in each cell present at that time, and that the subsequent pattern depends on movement of the descendant cells. It is not possible to suggest what is the nature of this early event’. This ‘early event’ was specified a year later in a much quoted one page paper in Nature (1961). Lyon proposed that the mosaic phenotype of female mice heterozygous for some sex-linked

Introduction to Part Seven: On Aging and Loss—In Katy’s Words

In this article the author introduces a paper in which Papell discusses how she experiences and copes with her own aging, as well as her comments of appreciation as she accepts a number of honors during the last years of her life.

Predictors of success on the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery examination.

Predictors of success of orthopaedic residents on the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) examination are controversial. We therefore evaluated numerous variables that may suggest or predict candidate performance on the ABOS examination. We reviewed files of 161 residents (all graduates) from one residency program distributed into two study groups based on whether they passed or failed their first attempt on the ABOS Part I or Part II examination from 1991 through 2005. Predictors of success/failure on the ABOS I included the mean percentile score on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) (Years 2 through 4), the percentile OITE score in the last year of training, US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) score, Dean's letter, election to Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA), and number of honors in selected third-year clerkships. All but the USMLE score predicted passing the ABOS Part II examination. These data suggest there are objective predictors of residents' performance on the ABOS Part I and Part II examinations.

Rogelio Salmona and brickwork architecture in Colombia

La obra del colombiano Rogelio Salmona, se fundamenta en la cultura europea, y desarrolla las posibilidades del ladrillo de calidad que se fabrica en su pais.El Arquitecto emplea el ladrillo con maestria en todas las disposiciones espaciales posibles, paredes, suelos y techos, articulando, en todos los casos, sabias composiciones constructivas, surgidas de su propia experiencia y evolucion a lo largo de los anos con este material ceramico.Para rematar adecuadamente sus edificaciones, privadas y publicas, Salmona ha disenado dos piezas especiales (tipo jamba y tipo vierteaguas) con las que obtiene multiples acabados que dignifican su composicion y funcionalidad arquitectonica, utilizando siempre como minimo, muros de 1 pie de grueso.Sus obras de viviendas como las Torres del Parque en Bogota y los edificios publicos como la Casa de Huespedes Ilustres de Colombia, o el Archivo General de la Nacion, han merecido calificar a este Arquitecto como uno de los mas destacados de la Arquitectura hispanoamericana, ganando con ello multiples reconocimientos.

Charles Swithinbank: glaciologist

AbstractThis is the second in a series of biographies entitled ‘Children of the Golden Age,’ the purpose of which is to describe the background and contributions of significant living figures in polar research who began their scientific careers in the years following World War II. Born on 17 November 1926 in Burma, Charles Winthrop Molesworth Swithinbank attended Bryanston School in Dorset before joining the Royal Navy in 1944. He read geography at the University of Oxford and was named assistant glaciologist for the Norwegian-British-Swedish Expedition (1949–52). After completing his DPhil, he joined the Scott Polar Research Institute, where he studied ice distribution in the Northwest Passage. Moving to the University of Michigan (1959–63), he led three expeditions to the Ross Ice Shelf before becoming the first British exchange scientist with the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1963–65). Returning to the Scott Polar Research Institute, he developed a glaciological programme that led to his appointment as chief glaciologist of the British Antarctic Survey. He became head of the Earth Sciences Division in 1974, a post he held until his retirement in 1986. Swithinbank's contributions to Antarctic science include studies of the deformation, flow, and thickness of glaciers and the interpretation of satellite imagery. He served as president of the International Glaciological Society (1981–84) and has received a number of honours and awards.

Do the Criteria of Resident Selection Committees Predict Residentsʼ Performances?

To further the understanding of what factors residency selection committees consider when rating candidates and how well these ratings predict residents' performances. The authors analyzed the application and residency files of 123 physicians who completed the internal medicine residency at the University of Michigan from 1989 through 1992; they also reviewed all 308 applications for 1993-94. Applications to the residency were reviewed by an intern selection committee (ISC) and given scores ranging from 0 (best) to 450 (worst). Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the influences on ISC scores of seven factors: gender, internal medicine clerkship grade, number of honors in non-medicine clerkships, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) status, number of publications, score on the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Part I examination, and medical school reputation. Each resident's performance was evaluated using the final overall evaluation score submitted by the program to the American Board of Internal Medicine. The most significant predictors of ISC score were internal medicine clerkship grade, AOA status, medical school reputation, and NBME I score (all four at p < .01; R2 = .66 for the full model of seven factors). The residents' final evaluation scores were moderately correlated with ISC scores at the time of application (r = -.52). In a multivariate analysis, the final scores were significantly associated only with internal medicine clerkship honors (p < .01) and graduation from the University of Michigan Medical School (p < .05), and there was a trend associating them with junior-year AOA election. The findings suggest that the intern selection committee overemphasized the predictive value of AOA election in the senior year, NBME I scores, and medical school reputation.

John Tuzo Wilson (1908-1993)

With the death of Dr. John Tuzo Wilson on 15 April 1993, Canada lost a renowned scientist, and the North lost one of its most enthusiastic supporters. ... At the outbreak of the Second World War, Jock joined the Canadian Army, proceeding overseas with the First Canadian Division in January 1940. He was recalled to Canada in 1943 to become the first director of Operational Research at National Defence Headquarters. Recognizing that Canada should play a leading role in the development of winter warfare, he organized a series of northern exercises. It was owing to his foresight and initiative that at the end of the war the Department of National Defence undertook Exercise Musk-Ox, which he directed. This major operation involved a journey in the winter and early spring of 1946 of more than 5000 kilometres through the Arctic and Subarctic by ten army oversnow vehicles, supported by RCAF aircraft. It was designed to test equipment and techniques developed during the war, particularly in relation to the part they might play in the civil evolution of the Canadian North. The success of this operation, which owed so much to his enthusiasm and able direction, had a far-reaching influence, both directly and indirectly, on the changes that have occurred in the Canadian North over the past half century. ... Towards the end of the war Jock was one of a small group of Canadian and U.S. scientists who, recognizing the need for international cooperation in arctic science, founded the Arctic Institute of North America. He was the first chairman of its Board of Governors, and the first article in Arctic is under his name .... Jock's guidance was often sought and valued by both national and international bodies, and it was readily given at all times. ... [The number of honours and awards he received for his achievements are numerous.]

The Forty-Seventh Meeting: Louisville, Kentucky

Southeastern Geographer Vol. XXXIII, No. 1, May 1993, pp. 122-123 THE FORTY-SEVENTH MEETING: LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY Vernon Meentemeyer The forty-seventh meeting of the Southeastern Division of the Association of American Geographers was held at the Holiday Inn Downtown , Louisville, Kentucky, 22-24 November, 1992. The 1992 meeting coincided with Kentucky's 200th anniversary. Dennis L. Spetz and David A. Howarth from the University of Louisville, served as co-chairs ofthe Local Arrangements Committee. In spite ofthe peripheral location of Louisville relative to the Division, attendance was again high. Attendees included 161 regular members, 140 students and 10 spouses. The 1992 program included two guided field trips, meetings of the Editorial Committee of The Southeastern Geographer, the Committee on the Status of Women in Geography, the Committee on Geography in Education, Steering and Executive Committee meetings as well as the annual business meeting. Activities Sunday evening included an opening session titled, "Louisville Rediscovers the River" conducted by Kentucky state senator David Karem. The evening concluded with a reception titled, "Kentucky Birthday Party." The Committee on Southern Map Librarians (COSMAL) met this year in conjunction with SEDAAG. The COSMAL program included workshops, a tour and a reception; COSMAL activities add richness and diversity to the SEDAAG program. Sixty-seven papers were submitted for the regular (54), student honors (11) and GTU undergraduate paper sessions (2). Sixty-three papers were presented, which is just two less than the 65 papers presented at Asheville, North Carolina in 1991. The number ofhonors papers (11) was the same as in 1991, but only two undergraduate papers were presented. Nine regular paper sessions were organized by topical area, and three special sessions were organized by SEDAAG members: "New Research on the Spatiality of Women's Lives" was organized by Karen F. Falconer ; "Peopling of the Landscape," Edward Davis and Randi Horner; and Malcolm Cutchin organized, "Diversifying Geographic Methods." In 1991 only one special session was organized. In addition, two sessions were devoted to panel discussions organized by Howard G. Johnson and Dr. Meentemeyer is Professor of Geography at the University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Vol. XXXIII, No. 1 123 W. Theodore Mealor, Jr., titled, "Challenges and Responses: The Future of Geography in Higher Education." As in 1991 and 1990, no Southern Studies plenary session was organized , although four papers with a southern focus were combined into a Southern Studies session. The Committee on the Status of Women in Geography conducted a panel discussion titled, "Surviving the First Years: Issues for New Women Faculty." A special workshop, "Project GEOSIM: A GIS-Based Simulation Laboratory for Introductory Geography " was conducted by Laurence W. Carstensen, Jr., and Robert W. Morrill. Thanks should be given to SEDAAG members who volunteered to produce special sessions, panel discussions, and workshops. Members of the Program Committee should be given a special commendation for their serious review of papers and timely responses. The proportion of authors who submitted papers on diskette increased to over 40%. In future calls for papers, the membership should expect to be asked for diskettes; it eases greatly the work of the program chair and permits a higher-quality printed program. A major, nagging problem persists, however—the insufficient number ofvolunteers to discuss papers. Fully one third of all papers were without a discussant after the papers were accepted. Please consider volunteering to serve as a paper discussant for the 1993 meeting. The World Geography Bowl was again a success; Georgia was a firsttime winner ofthe coveted "Bowl." A special thanks should be directed to the many people who prepared questions and served as moderators, organizers, judges, and scorekeepers. The Forty-Seventh meeting concluded on Tuesday with the Honors Luncheon. Julian Minghi, Chair of the Honors Committee, announced that Robert Beavers, Georgia State University, received the award for best masters degree level paper and Daniel Sui, University of Georgia, the doctoral level award. Jeanne D. Wershoven from Florida Atlantic was the recipient of the Merle C. Prunty Scholarship. The Outstanding Service Award was presented to Stanley Brunn for his years of unselfish service to SEDAAG, and Clifton Pannell was presented the award for Outstanding Research. The meeting concluded with the Honors Address , "New Horizons for Geography: The Transition...

An Interview with Edmund White

AN INTERVIEW WITH EDMUND WHITE Edmund White© Thomas Victor Author of The Beautiful Room is Empty (Knopf)· Edmund White's critically acclaimed fiction has earned him a number of honors and awards during his career. He has twice received the Hopwood Awards (1961 and 1962), Ingram Merrill grants (1973 and 1978), was a Guggenheim fellow in 1983, and in that same year received the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters award for fiction. His major works include five novels, Forgetting Elena, Nocturnes for the King of Naples, A Boy's Own Story, Caracole, and The Beautiful Room is Empty as well as a short story collection, The Darker Proof, a play, "The Blue Boy in Black," and the nonfiction Argument for a Myth. He is a frequent contributor of articles and reviews to periodicals, as well. After being based in Paris for a number of years, Mr. White has returned to join the faculty at Brown University, where he currently teaches. This interview was conducted by Kay Bonetti, Director of the American Audio Prose Library series, on June 2, 1989 at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC. The Prose Library offers tapes of American authors reading and discussing their work. For information contact AAPL at PO Box 842, Columbia, MO 65205. An Interview with Edmund White /Kay Bonetti Interviewer: Mr. White, can you fiU us in on some background about yourself? Do A Boy's Own Story and The Beautiful Room Is Empty foUow your own chronology? White: The books fairly reflect where I was and what I was doing. I was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. My parents got divorced when I was seven and my mother began to move from city to city whUe my father remained in Cincinnati. I was sent to a boarding school in Michigan, near Detroit, a school called Cranbrook, which appears as Eton in my books. Interviewer: And you went to the University of Michigan? White: I studied Chinese there, and when I graduated I moved to New York and worked for Time-Life Books from 1962 to 1970. Then I moved to Rome for a year, and when I came back, I became a freelance writer and editor, then worked briefly for Saturday Review and Horizon. I started teaching in the mid-seventies, first at Yale, then at Johns Hopkins, finally at Columbia and New York University. In 1981 I was the executive director of The New York Institute for the Humanities, which is an organization of smart people attached to New York University. Then in 1983, I moved to France, where I've been living ever since. Beginning in spring, 1990, I wUl be teaching at Brown University, where I've just been named a Professor of English with tenure. Interviewer: There's a story in The Darker Proof about a couple that move to Paris in an obUque response to the gay community and AIDS. Did you move to Paris for similar reasons? White: In a way I gave some of the events of my Ufe to those characters, but the reasons were different. In my case, I won a The Missouri Review · 91 Guggenheim, which aUowed me to go for one year. I worked for Vogue and other Condé-Nast magazines as a journaüst, so that aUowed me to stay on. I could stay forever I suppose. I have a nice apartment and I make a decent living as a freelance American journaUst writing from Paris. Interviewer: Then why are you coming back to teaching? White: I Uke teaching. I Uke the idea of a secure position. I'm positive for AIDS, and the statistics are rather grim, but if by some chance I do go on living I would Uke to have a retirement plan. I support my mother now, and if I weren't there, she would reaUy be penruless. Interviewer: Does your fiction sustain you economically? White: If I weren't such a spendthrift and if I didn't have other people to support—my mother's not the only one—I could Uve very weU from my fiction, but Tm a terrible spendthrift. I Uke to travel, and that takes money. Interviewer...