Number Of Clubs Research Articles

Analysis of sports clubs at Vietnam National University, Hanoi

This study aimed to determine the types of sports clubs operating in accordance with the functions and tasks of the Center for Physical Education and Sports at Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Additionally, it proposed solutions to organize sports clubs to enhance the quality of comprehensive physical and mental education and improve sports performance for students. This study employed a mixed-methods design, including document analysis, interviews, social investigations, and pedagogical testing. A total of 70 individuals at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, comprising 40 physical education and sports lecturers and 30 officials and students from the Youth Union and Student Association, were interviewed. Five solutions have been proposed for organizing and operating the university's sports clubs managed by the Center. Additionally, four solutions have been identified to develop sports and entertainment clubs at the member universities of Vietnam National University, Hanoi. These initiatives have led to significant improvements, including enhanced quality of comprehensive physical and mental education, an increase in the number of clubs and members, and notable advancements in sports achievements through training in various disciplines. As a result, the overall sports level at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, has been elevated. The selected solutions have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting sports club activities at the university and advancing physical education as a whole.

ŽENSKA ORODNA TELOVADBA V BRAZILIJI: NJENE POTI OD 1966 DO 2021

Brazilian men’s and women’s Artistic Gymnastics (AG) has been in the spotlight due to the results of some outstanding athletes in the most important international competitions over the last 20 years. However, the development of this sport in the national context does not reflect these achievements. This article performs a critical analysis of Women’s Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) in Brazil, reviewing the trajectory of the main gymnasts and their achievements in the World Championships and Olympic Games from 1966 to 2021, as well as relevant contextual facts during this historical period. Medals in major events have been won since 2001, with gradual and unstable growth, placing Brazil among the most prominent countries. Nevertheless, the data suggest that the achievements were based on concentrated investment in elite gymnasts, mainly in the Olympic team, with the support of already established clubs. The development is still centralized in a few clubs, without showing a sustainable increase in the number of clubs and gymnasts. In this scenario, there is a need for a long-term plan that can sustain the development of the national ecosystem (clubs, local competitions, provincial federations) across all age-group categories and in connection with the national teams..

Why transfer fee systems improve market competition, and why the Bosman ruling was flawed

Over the years competitive balance has decreased in many football competitions in Europe. This means that the number of clubs with a realistic chance of winning important prizes has declined. Consequently, there is less choice for the many consumers who want to watch, or become fan of, a club from their own country that can win important prices. Put differently, in many national consumer markets competition has decreased. Unfortunately, the legal profession has paid insufficient attention to the effect of decreasing competitive balance on competition in consumer markets. This is also relevant for the Bosman ruling. The ruling prohibited transfer fees for out-of-contract players. This has led to a decrease in competitive balance. Therefore, the ruling has decreased the competition in national consumer markets. However, in making the ruling the European Court of Justice fully neglected the possibility of such a decrease. While it did apply the hard law concerning the free movement of workers, and it did take account of the specific features of the sport and the need for competitive balance more specifically (even though this was not decisive in the end), it neglected hard competition law as regards the competition in consumer markets. If it had not done so the ruling might have been different, and better for the football fans.

О роли татарских женщин в развитии театрального искусства Туркестана в конце XX – начале XX вв.

The article analyses the emergence of theater as one of the types of European art in Turkestan in late 19th – early 20th centuries. The author reveals the significant role of the Tatar theater troupes “Sayar” and “Nur”, Tatar actresses S. Gizzatullina-Volzhskaya, F.I. Kudasheva, and F. Ilskaya in this process. The influence of Tatar women playwrights on Uzbek creative youth is shown. This was manifested in two facts: the publication of the first play by an Uzbek writer, which became the forerunner for a women’s literary school in Turkestan, and the appearance of actresses among Uzbek women who starred in the first Soviet films. The emergence of an amateur troupe from among the local population, growth in the number of clubs and theater groups, which consisted mainly of women, indicated an increase in the social activity of Turkestan women. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of interactions between Tatar and local national progressives in the formation of theatrical art in Turkestan.

The Discipline of Football in the Provinces of Stanisławów and Ternopil in the Years 1920–1939. An Outline

The aim of the paper is to present the discipline of football in the provinces of Stanisławów and Ternopil in the years 1920-1939. The area of Stanisławów and Ternopil provinces was mainly inhabited by the Poles, Ukrainians and Jews. In the years 1920-1939, the number of clubs and sports associations that ran football sections among Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian citizens grew. Initially, those clubs and sports associations belonged to Lviv Regional Football Association (OZPN). In mid 20s and in the 30s of the 20th century, football organizational structures were created: sub-region of Stanisławów, sub-region of Ternopil and Stanisławów OZPN. The football players of Rewera Stanisławów, Pogoń Stryj and Strzelec Górka Stanisławów became successful all over Poland. In the years 1934-1939, the footballers from the province of Stanisławów – as representatives of Stanisławów OZPN – took part in playoffs to get promoted to the national league. Junior football players of Rewera Stanisławów and Strzelec Górka Stanisławów took part in final tournaments of Polish junior championships in the years 1936-1939.

Comedy clubs that platform marginalised identities: Prefigurative politics in Sophie Duker’s Wacky Racists

Wacky Racists is, in the words of its creator, Sophie Duker, ‘not a night for actually wacky, actual racists’. It is one of a number of clubs which provide a platform for identities and perspectives that are marginalised on the British comedy circuit. This article demonstrates that such ‘platforming clubs’ can be considered as prefigurative spaces, drawing upon Raekstad and Gradin’s model of prefigurative politics. Using Wacky Racists as a case study, it is argued that these clubs pose a necessary challenge to dominant industry practices by building an alternative to them. Their impact exists in their capacity to expose a range of harmful and inequitable practices, to demonstrate that these are unnecessary, and to provide the living and viable alternatives that, as Raekstad and Gradin argue, are a precondition of change.

The role of extracurricular activities and lectures in mitigating medical student burnout.

Strong evidence throughout the literature highlights burnout as a significant and increasing problem among medical students, impacting students' ability to effectively care for and empathize with patients. To examine how involvement in extracurricular activities and attendance at burnout lectures can impact burnout among medical students. An anonymous digital survey including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was sent to all students (n=765) at Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine. The survey included questions regarding the number of burnout/wellness lectures respondents had attended, the number of clubs in which the respondents participated, the number of hours spent in these clubs, and any leadership positions held by the respondents. Of the 765 students enrolled, 597 completed the survey. Results indicated that women participated in significantly more clubs than men (t[456]=-4.30; p<0.001). Men had higher scores on the depersonalization subscale of the MBI than women (t[463)=2.98; p<0.01]. There were no gender differences in emotional exhaustion or personal accomplishment. Linear regression analyses including gender and club participation as predictors of each of the burnout subscales indicated a significant interaction between gender and number of clubs (β=0.34; p<0.05), in that more club participation was associated with higher depersonalization scores for women, but lower depersonalization scores for men. The number of wellness/burnout prevention lectures attended was not predictive of scores on any of the burnout subscales. Our results indicate the importance of understanding what drives burnout on the individual level and adapting interventions to suit the needs of individual students, rather than the student body as a whole.

Economic Models of French Amateur Soccer Clubs. From One Crisis to the Other: Which Transformation?

This article presents economic models at work in French amateur soccer clubs playing National 1 and National 2 tiers. Teams’ sporting performance and clubs’ financial results as well as their revenue and expenditure statistical distribution are analysed by means of Principal Component Analysis. Then a k-means methodology is implemented in view to defining archetypical clusters that characterise French amateur soccer clubs during the 2008-2020 period. The latter span of time opens a window of opportunity for understanding transformations in club economic models since the subprime crisis and up to current global economic recession triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic. Following the club taxonomy, a comparative static analysis shows that more amateur soccer clubs are in more satisficing financial shape at the dawn of the sanitary crisis than when they have been facing the subprime crisis. The so-called “virtuous modesty” cluster includes a greater number of clubs in 2019/20 than in 2008/09.

The Game of Skittles on the Northern Route of the Camino de Santiago.

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the presence and current situation of the game of skittles throughout the northern route of the Camino de Santiago. Thus, we considered its current practice, modalities, where it is played, and its different manifestations as an informal and formal game (sport), comparing it with other traditional games on this pilgrimage route. To do this, a mixed qualitative-quantitative study was designed with 89 participants (municipal professionals, politicians, players, club managers, and teachers), constituting an informant for each municipality through which the Northern Way passes. An ad hoc questionnaire was used for the data collection, which was processed through content analysis by expert judges (qualitative section) and by using the IBM-SPSS statistical package (version 25). The results of the study show notable skittles activity on the Northern Camino (58.32% of the municipalities), reflected in the number of skittles alleys (n = 291), the number of clubs, associations, and peñas participating in federated leagues (n = 162), and the wide range of varieties of skittles currently active on the Camino (n = 20). The relationship between skittles and local culture, both symbols of identity in these northern Spanish regions, made it possible to preserve the traditional heritage in these places, keeping it alive today, despite the push toward new and more attractive leisure and sport trends.

Determinants of competitive balance across countries: insights from European men’s football first tiers, 2006–2018

ABSTRACT Rationale/Purpose: The aim is to investigate the determinants of competitive balance (CB) across countries in European men’s club football. Determinants already tested previously in the literature include revenue sharing (proxied by countries’ income inequality), differences in drawing power, prize money, talent market and sports contest format. New determinants include climate, countries’ economic power, tradition, timing, number of clubs, financial regulation and international performance. Methodology: Regressions explaining CB are tested in the European men's football first tiers over the 2006–18 period. Findings: Results show that economic power and income inequality have a significant positive impact on CB; while climate (temperature), differences in drawing power, international performance and financial regulation have a significant negative impact. Practical implications: Results question whether international performance is a legitimate objective given its negative impact on CB. Research contribution: . Results enable to add new determinants explaining CB, namely countries’ economic power, financial regulation and international performance.

Organizational Structure and Management of Athletics Clubs in Ethiopia

Athletics sport, particularly long distance running, has made Ethiopia well known in the World history. Despite the long-standing successes and the increase in the number of youth participants in athletics sports, the number of clubs and their distribution across the regional states of the country is limited. In addition, it is often commented that most of the existing clubs are poorly managed and do not have organizational strength. The purpose of this study was to identify the organizational structure, management challenges and to examine the association between organizational structure and management challenges of athletics clubs in Ethiopia. Survey design with mixed-method approach was used to conduct the study. Questionnaires, interview, observation and document analysis were employed to collect the data. The participants of the study were coaches and managers (n=129) who were selected from 25 sample athletics clubs through stratified sampling and purposive sampling. The researcher employed descriptive statistical method and chi-square test to analyze the quantitative and narration to analyze qualitative data.

Analysıs of Offıcıal Internet Sıtes of Sport Clubs In Terms of Socıal Medıa and Marketıng Communıcatıon: A Study on Turkısh and German Sport Clubs

Becoming widespread of internet use, advantages web has, compared to traditional environment, and purchaser tendencies in marketing communication have made web sites a potential social media communication and marketing tool for sport clubs. The main aim of this study is to evaluate official internet sites of soccer clubs of Super League Ilhan Cavcav Season and Bundesliga in Germany in terms of social media communication and marketing communication and reveal the similarity and difference between both league by means of content analysis method. Internet site of a total of 36 sport clubs in both leagues were evaluated. During analysis of the data, MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software was used. According to the results of the study, while social network applications (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) in the official web sites of Turkey and Germany sport clubs show similarity, instant messaging applications (Snapchat), documents follow system (subscribe to RSS) and motion videos (Giphy) or blog accessing tools were seen to be given place in German clubs. In large majority of German clubs, while official internet sites include multiple language options, in Turkey, there is multiple language option in the internet site of a few number of clubs. In addition, Turkish sport clubs use marketing communication channels in similar to traditional marketing activities, and there are differences between the clubs taking place in both leagues in terms of the use of direct communication with customers through these channels (answering the questions about, comments about product, etc.), direct marketing (information about filtering detail, cargo information, safe payment, order follow, and product return), and sale development (favorite/ the most sold product, personal product design, seasonal opportunities, etc.).

Analysis of Amateur Soccer Players’ Leadership Levels in Terms of Their Positions

The purpose of this study is to examine the leadership characteristics of amateur soccer players in terms of positions and some variables. 300 amateur soccer players playing in different clubs in the districts and the city centre of the province of Samsun were included in the study. A personal information form was given to subjects to find out their positions and some variables and Leadership Scale for Sport which was developed by Chelladurai and Saleh (1980) and which included 40 items and five subscales (training and instruction, democratic behaviour, social support, positive feedback and autocratic behaviour) was used to find out leadership levels. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the statistical analysis of the study. When the results of the study were examined, statistically significant difference was found only in positive feedback subscale when the subjects’ leadership levels were compared according to age groups and education levels (p&lt;0.05), while no significance was found in other subscales (p&gt;0.05). When leadership levels were compared in terms of the total period of time they played soccer, their positions, the number of clubs they played for and the state of being the captain, no statistical significance was found in all of the subscales (p&gt;0.05). As a conclusion, it can be seen that leadership levels of soccer players did not differ according to positions, the state of being the captain, the total period of time they played soccer and the number of clubs they played for, while positive feedback was found to develop positively only as age and the state of education increased.

Waiting for Buddy Guy: Chicago Blues at the Crossroads by Alan Harper

Reviewed by: Waiting for Buddy Guy: Chicago Blues at the Crossroads by Alan Harper Dennis H. Cremin Alan Harper. Waiting for Buddy Guy: Chicago Blues at the Crossroads. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2016. 232 pp. $95.00. American blues music exists happily between myth and history, and this book illuminates both. Harper’s thoroughly engaging book harkens back to the origin myth of the blues, which rose from the Mississippi Delta, and features a forever-youthful Robert Johnson who makes a deal with the devil at the crossroads. Harper captures another crossroad, the transition of the Chicago blues from the first generation to the second. The first generation included the towering figures of Muddy Waters and Howlin’ Wolf. The second featured Buddy Guy and KoKo Taylor. The generational lines are not clearly drawn, but the former is associated with record labels of the 1950s, such as Chess, and the latter with the rise of Alligator Records. The transition is noteworthy, especially in light of the unofficial mantle of the “King of the Blues” being transferred to Buddy Guy with the death of B.B. King in 2015. Harper brings an anthropological approach to his subject. He traveled from England to Chicago on three separate research visits, and he attended blues performances at a number of clubs. Along the way, he bought LPs, traveled by public transportation, and even drank a few Old Style Beers. He recorded interviews with musicians, bar owners, record producers, and radio broadcasters. As they say at the racetrack, he got his information straight from the horse’s mouth. In fewer than 200 pages, Harper reflects on many of the important questions of blues music. Who can be said to “authentically” play the blues? How did this music spread? How did musicians and club owners earn money? Who is the audience? How is success measured? He also touches on the difference between traditional and rock-influenced blues. Finally, he out-lines [End Page 163] the core issues of race and class in the blues. The book unravels a great deal about its history and legacy. Well-written and engaging, Harper’s excitement at spending time with musicians is contagious. He provides the vicarious thrill of taking a bar stool or sitting in a car with blues players Jimmy Walker, Sugar Blue, Carey Bell, and Willie Dixon. Readers also get a sense of what it was like going to clubs in 1979, 1982, and 1985. Harper studies the core clubs: Buddy Guy’s Checkerboard Lounge, B.L.U.E.S., Kingston Mines, and Theresa’s Tavern. Harper draws on a fine education in writing his book on the Chicago blues. He actively recorded interviews and attended a great number of performances, and he included his list of shows in the appendix. In this way, the author is revealed to be a dedicated and passionate researcher. He emerges as someone who is a keen observer and tour guide of sorts. He also has played some guitar, which is helpful for someone writing about music and musicians. The book does have some weaknesses. It is not easy to skim and needs better subject headings to make the organization transparent. Also, the author’s anthropological approach should have been set out clearly from the start. Harper provides an important addition to the cornerstones of blues studies: Charles Keil’s Urban Blues (1966, 1991) and Robert Palmer’s Deep Blues (1981). Keil highlighted the importance of Blues to provide insight into the African American community. He focused on B.B. King and Bobby “Blue” Bland. Palmer traced the blues to the Mississippi Delta. Harper captures an understudied period of the music on the cusp of the digital divide. Rather than writing as a blues purist, Harper writes as an extremely well informed fan. He is forthcoming about his musical roots. Like so many people, he first listened to Eric Clapton and John Mayall and traced the roots of the blues back to the Mississippi Delta in the United States. His lively narrative focuses on the big picture and provides some keen insights. For example, he observes that there is often an overlap between blues and Jazz audiences. Yet, the blues harmonica...

Piłka nożna w Częstochowie w latach 1919–1927

After Poland regained its independence, Czestochowa was one of the largest cities in terms of population. In relation to football, it was treated as a province, and the sport discipline itself was just developing. The stadiums were created as well as the 1st Stadium dedicated to football, which influenced the dissemination of this discipline. The number of clubs with the football section increased every year. In 1923, two clubs from Czestochowa and one from Rakow formed the Czestochowa ‘C’ division, performing under the auspices of the Krakow Regional Sports Association. Four years later, there were already two groups of fourteen teams in genral. Teams from Czestochowa competed under patronage of Sosnowiec Subdistrict Football Association. Between 1919–1927 neither of teams from Czestochowa got promoted to division “A”. In the year 1927 Czestochowa Sub-District Football Association was established, whose functioning had a significant impact on the further development of football in Czestochowa. In that period of time the best teams were: Czestochowa Sports Club, “Victoria 1922” Czestochowa Sports Club, Sports Club Czestochowa and Sports Club “Warta” Czestochowa.

Parachute Payments in English Football: Softening the Landing or Distorting the Balance?

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the impact of parachute payments in English league football in relation to the competitive balance of the second tier (the Championship). League results and parachute payment fees data were collected for the 11 seasons between 2006/07 and 2016/17. Overall competitive balance was analysed as well as specific aspects of competition that are fundamental to the league—promotion, survival and relegation. Our results show that an increase in the number of clubs with parachute payments and the overall value of these payments coincides with a reduction in competitive balance in the Championship. Furthermore, clubs with parachute payments are twice as likely to be promoted to the English Premier League and considerably less likely to suffer further relegation to the third tier (League 1). The paper therefore proposes either a re-distribution of parachute payments, the abolition of them completely, or a handicap points system to improve competitive balance.

Изменение посещаемости стадионов в европейских лигах в результате из- менения количества клубов в городах: оценка методом двойной разности

Изменение посещаемости стадионов в европейских лигах в результате из- менения количества клубов в городах: оценка методом двойной разности

Helping out the forgotten children

Holiday hunger has been hitting the headlines as the number of families living in poverty continues to grow, now a leading food company has launched a number of clubs across the UK to tackle the issue.

A case for complements? Location and attendance in Major League Soccer

ABSTRACTAs Major League Soccer (MLS) continues to award expansion franchises throughout North America, the league must be considerate of how new clubs may impact attendance levels at nearby clubs. Regardless of whether new MLS clubs are awarded to cities with strong North American Soccer League histories, league officials must be mindful of the effect that geographically close competitors can have on attendance. Perhaps stemming from the limited number of clubs in competition, MLS teams currently appear to operate as strategic complements to one another, increasing season-long attendance as teams locate closer to one another.

Convergence patterns in sovereign bond yield spreads: Evidence from the Euro Area

This study examines the convergence patterns of Euro Area (EA) 17 countries’ sovereign bond yield spreads (relative to German bund) over the period of March 2002 to December 2015, by employing the convergence algorithm developed by Phillips and Sul (2007). The empirical findings suggest rejection of full convergence across the EA17 countries’ bond yields spreads, and the presence of a certain number of clubs. In particular, three subgroup convergence clubs emerge, with Cyprus, Spain, France, Greece, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Portugal and Slovenia in the first; Belgium, Italy and Malta in the second; and Austria, Finland, Netherlands and Slovakia in the third club. Moreover, there is also evidence that the first two clubs could be merged to form a larger convergence club. The transitional curves indicate that, despite short-run divergences, EU17 sovereign bond yield spreads tend to converge in the long-run, with the exception of those in Greece and Cyprus, indicating the strong attempts of most of the countries under investigation to adopt fiscal policies that eventually contribute to a convergence pattern.