Number Of Chronic Diseases Research Articles

The Role of Muscular Strength on the Relationship between Number of Chronic Diseases and Depressive Symptom in Older Adults

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether muscular strength modulates the relationship between the number of chronic diseases (NCD) and depression in older adults of Korean descent.METHODS: Data from the Living Profiles of Older People Survey including 10,097 older adults of Korean descent aged ≥65 years were used. Depressive symptoms were defined as a score of ≥8 on the self-administered Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale. Muscular strength was assessed through a self-reported questionnaire. Chronic diseases comprising the NCD were defined as physician-diagnosed long-term conditions.RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were more prevalent as the NCD increased in both male (odds ratio [OR]=2.650; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.214-3.172, <i>p</i><.001) and female (OR=2.261; 95%CI: 1.880-2.720, <i>p</i><.001) patients. Similarly, depressive symptoms increased as muscular strength decreased in both male (OR=2.323, 95%CI: 1.757-3.073, <i>p</i><.001) and female (OR=2.280, 95%CI: 1.886-2.775, <i>p</i><.001) patients, even after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking education, and marriage. Moderation analysis showed that the effects of the NCD on depressive symptoms was modulated by muscular strength (β=0.557, 95%CI=0.222-0.891, <i>p</i>=.001), even after adjustments for all the covariates.CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that muscular strength plays a beneficial role in the NCD and depressive symptoms in older adults of Korean descent.

Molecular Detection of BK Polyomavirus in Patients Under Hemodialysis

The study was conducted in Kirkuk city-Iraq from of February 2018 to September 2018. The numberof chronic kidney disease patients under study were 60 patients whose ages were between 40-70 yearsold. These patients admitted to Kirkuk general hospital (hemodialysis unit). The control group whowere matched to the patients studied, included 30 healthy blood donor and their ages were between 30-75 years old. Blood samples were collected for detection of BK polyomavirus DNA by real time-PCR.The study showed that the highest rate of BK polyomavirus DNA occurrence were recorded in patientswith chronic kidney disease when compared with control group (51.66% versus 3.33%) (P: <0.01).The study showed that the highest mean level of IL-6 was recorded in patients with chronic kidneydisease comparing with the control group (78.42 v.s. 3.40 ng/ml). The result was highly significant. Thepresent study demonstrated that the highest mean level of IL-6 was found in prostates cancer patientswho were positive to BK polyomavirus DNA comparing with BK polyomavirus DNA negative (52.54versus 25.88 ng/ml)It was concluded that BK polyomavirus was frequently detected in chronic kidney disease patients andcould play a relevant role in the development and progression of human hemodialysis

The Impacts of Regional Regulatory Policies on the Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases in China: A Mediation Analysis.

Regional regulatory policies (RPs) are a major factor in the prevention and control of chronic diseases (PCCDs) through the implementation of various measures. This study aimed to explore the impacts of RPs on PCCDs, with a focus on the mediating roles of community service. The soundness of the regulatory mechanism (SORM) was used to measure the soundness of RPs based on 1095 policy documents (updated as of 2015). Coverage provided by community service institutions (CSIs) and community health centres (CHCs) was used to represent community service coverage derived from the China Statistical Yearbook (2015), while the number of chronic diseases (NCDs) was used to measure the effects of PCCDs based on data taken from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study survey. To assess the relationship between SORM, NCDs and community service, a negative binomial regression model and mediation analysis with bootstrapping were conducted. Results revealed that there was a negative correlation between SORM and NCDs. CSIs had a major effect on the relationship between RPs and PCCDs, while CHCs had a partial mediating effect. RPs can effectively prevent and control chronic diseases. Increased effort should also be aimed at strengthening the roles of CSIs and CHCs.