Number Of Body Areas Research Articles

Ofis Çalışanlarında Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıklarının Uyku Kalitesi ile İlişkisi

Abstract
 Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the musculoskeletal pain frequency and relationships of musculoskeletal pains with the sleep quality among office workers. 
 Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 186 office workers evaluated in April-August 2022. The data were obtained through the personal information form, the Extended-Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. 
 Results: It was found that 83.3% of office workers had musculoskeletal pain and 74.7% had poor sleep quality. Knee pain (p=0.016; OR=3.670; 95% CI = 1.280-10.342) and lower back pain (p=0.003; OR=4.380; 95% CI= 1.680-11.517) were significant predictors of poor sleep quality. There was a moderate positive correlation between the number of body areas where the pain was reported and the PSQI score (r: 0.367, p

Musculoskeletal Pain and Musical Performance in First and Second Violinists of Professional Youth Chamber Orchestras: A Comparative Study

First and second violinists in orchestras use identical instruments, but the motor patterns used to execute the different notes may vary between the two groups and the biomechanical gestures may influence musculoskeletal complaints. The primary objective of this study was to compare the pain intensity and interference in musical performance of first and second violinists of professional youth chamber orchestras. Second, to investigate the correlation between pain and the musical practice profile in this population. This cross-sectional study enrolled 74 violinists, aged 12 to 17 years, from three professional youth chamber orchestras in Brazil. Participants completed a validated self-administered questionnaire, the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians-Brazilian version (MPIIQM-Br). Variables related to musical practice profiles were also recorded. Data analysis applied t-tests for independent samples and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The sample of first violinists (n=39) presented 23 males and 16 females, and the second violinists (n=35) included 23 females and 12 males. The mean age was 13.9 yrs (SD 1.1) and 14.1 yrs (1.0) for the first and second violinist groups, respectively. Most participants (n=66, 89%) reported pain in at least one moment of their career, and 54 (76%) reported pain at the time of data collection. A higher pain prevalence was identified in the right shoulder (37.7%), in 28.2% of the second violinists and 9.4% of the first. The second violinists presented higher scores for most variables related to pain intensity and pain interference in performance (p < 0.05). A correlation was observed between time working at a professional level and the number of affected areas on the body pain map (r=0.30; 95% CI 0.23-0.42) and between the hours of daily practice and the number of affected areas on the body pain map (r=0.39; 95% CI 0.29-0.45). Second violinists had more complaints of pain and difficulty in playing their instrument compared to the first violinists. The study also found a correlation between the number of body areas with pain complaints and variables linked to the violinists' practice profile.

Impact of Atopic Dermatitis Lesion Location on Quality of Life in Adult Patients in a Real-world Study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a negative impact on patients&rsquo; quality of life (QoL). To report the impact of specific AD lesion locations on QoL in adult patients with AD using real-world data. The Adelphi US Disease Specific Programme was conducted between January&ndash;April 2018. Physicians documented patient demographics/characteristics, AD lesion locations, and body surface area; patients completed questionnaires reporting the impact of lesion locations on QoL. AD severity was moderate in 51.6% of patients and severe in 6.0%. Lesions were commonly identified in more than one location. All AD lesion locations impacted QoL. Visible areas were most bothersome, including head/neck (68%), hands/fingers (58%), front (30%), upper extremities (22%), and lower extremities (16%), with statistically significant associations for a number of Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) items. Itch, soreness, pain, and stinging are also associated with a number of body areas but in particular with those that are most visible/accessible. Lesions on the head/neck and hands/fingers (58%) demonstrated an increased impact on the anxiety and depression dimension of the EuroQol 5-Dimension tool. In patients with AD, quality of life was most affected in patients with lesions in visible areas, including head/neck, hands/fingers, and upper extremities, with statistically significant associations for a number of DLQI domains. Physicians should be aware of the burden of AD lesions on QoL and consider having conversations with patients to better understand the impact of these lesions. Prior presentation: 28th Annual European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Congress; 9&ndash;13 October 2019, Madrid, Spain. Poster number P0233.J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(10): 943-948. doi:10.36849/JDD.2020.5422.

Heightened risk of pain in young adult women with a history of childhood maltreatment: a prospective longitudinal study.

A child maltreatment history is reported more frequently among adults with chronic pain compared with the general population; unfortunately, studies have primarily relied upon retrospective maltreatment reports by adults with chronic pain. This prospective study assessed pain symptoms in a cohort of young adult women with a documented history of child maltreatment, compared with a matched cohort of women who did not experience childhood maltreatment. Young women (N = 477) were recruited between ages 14 to 17 years and followed annually to age 19. Of these women, 57% experienced maltreatment (ie, physical, sexual, or emotional abuse, neglect; n = 273) substantiated by child welfare record. Maltreated women were demographically matched to nonmaltreated women, also confirmed by child welfare record. In adolescence, post-traumatic stress was assessed. Women were contacted as young adults (Mage = 24.76; n = 383) and surveyed about their pain experiences, including the presence of pain in the past week, pain severity (0-10), and number of body areas with pain. Mediation path analyses examining the impact of maltreatment and adolescent post-traumatic stress on young adult pain were estimated through structural equation modeling. As adults, women who had experienced child maltreatment reported higher pain intensity, a greater number of pain locations, and were more likely to experience pain in the previous week than nonmaltreated women. Adolescent post-traumatic stress partially explained the effects of maltreatment on pain. Young adult women who experienced child maltreatment are at higher risk of pain, particularly when they also experienced post-traumatic stress as adolescents.

Mislocalization of Sensory Information in People With Chronic Low Back Pain

The purpose of this study was to establish if people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) demonstrate impairments in the ability to localize sensory information delivered to the back more than pain-free controls and determine whether any sensory abnormalities are related to pain-related variables. Vision was occluded and participants were stimulated using light touch or pinprick over a number of body areas in random order. To assess for mislocalizations participants were asked to nominate the location of each stimulus in reference to a marked body chart. To assess referred sensations participants who were asked whether they experienced any sensations elsewhere during stimulation. If referred sensations were reported, testing was repeated with visualization of the stimulated area. Although a small number of CLBP patients demonstrated referral of sensations, this was not statistically different from what was observed in a pain-free control group (P=0.381). In contrast, mislocalizations were very common in the patient sample and statistically more common than we found in controls (P=0.034). No statistically significant associations were detected between sensory function and the measured pain-related variables (all P>0.05). These data add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that disturbed self-perception is a feature of CLBP. It is plausible that altered self-perception is maladaptive and contributes to the maintenance of the problem and may represent a target of treatment for CLBP.

Pain and Persistent Pain in Nursing Home Residents in Norway

The objective of this study was to examine the nature of pain and persistence of pain in nursing home residents. The study was carried out with 201 participants drawn from six nursing homes in Norway. The participants rated their pain on 5 different days within a 14-day period on the modified McGill Pain Questionnaire regarding the intensity and location of pain. Four patterns in the persistence of pain were extracted, with the results showing approximately 50% of the participants experiencing persistent pain of a moderate to intense level. Pain ratings and persistent pain were significantly associated with number of body areas with pain, sleeping problems, number of medical diagnoses, and number of medications. The findings of this study suggest that both persistence and fluctuation of pain within short time periods may be related to inadequacy in pain management in nursing home residents, and fill the gap in the literature regarding patterns of persistent pain in nursing home residents.

Association between work–family conflict and musculoskeletal pain among hospital patient care workers

A growing body of evidence suggests that work-family conflict is an important risk factor for workers' health and well-being. The goal of this study is to examine association between work-family conflict and musculoskeletal pain among hospital patient care workers. We analyzed a cross-sectional survey of 1,119 hospital patient care workers in 105 units in two urban, academic hospitals. Work-family conflict was measured by 5-item Work-Family Conflict Scale questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression was applied to examine associations between work-family conflict and self-reported musculoskeletal pain in the past 3 months, adjusting for covariates including work-related psychosocial factors and physical work factors. In fully adjusted models, high work-family conflict was strongly associated with neck or shoulder pain (OR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.64-3.34), arm pain (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.64-4.75), lower extremity pain (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.54-3.15) and any musculoskeletal pain (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.56-3.85), and a number of body areas in pain (OR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.82-3.36) in the past 3 months. The association with low back pain was attenuated and became non-significant after adjusting for covariates. Given the consistent associations between work-family conflict and self-reported musculoskeletal pains, the results suggest that work-family conflict could be an important domain for health promotion and workplace policy development among hospital patient care workers.

Cervical dystonia: Etiology and pathophysiology

Etiological and pathophysiological aspects of cervical dystonia Dystonias present in many different ways and can vary widely in the number of body areas and systems involved, as well as in clinical features, age of onset, natural history, and etiology. Cervical dystonia (CD) may be isolated or a part of more complex dystonias, be they primary or secondary. The majority of CDs are primary and focal, that is, they have no other associated clinical or neuroimaging features and they remain restricted to the neck and shoulder girdle muscles. Secondary CD can be drug induced or caused by a peripheral or central nervous system (CNS) lesion or genetic metabolic defects. We will provide an overview of data derived from genetic, posttraumatic, and tardive etiologies of CD. This will be followed by a more in-depth discussion of potential loci of pathological changes within the CNS and discussion of the motor and sensory features that result will follow. The evidence presented will focus on studies of CD and will be complemented with studies from other dystonias. For an expanded discussion of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and classification of CD, see Dr. Stacy's article in this supplement.

Assessment of Sickle Cell Pain in Children and Young Adults Using the Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool

The objectives of this study were to describe and compare the characteristics of pain experienced by children and young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) in inpatient and outpatient settings. The Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool (APPT), a multidimensional self-report pain assessment, was completed by African American children and young adults (mean age 15.39 ± 4.32) with SCD during a clinic visit (n = 52), day hospital visit (n = 29), or during the first 24 hours of an inpatient stay (n = 72). Multiple linear regression revealed that pain intensity, number of body areas with pain, and the quality of pain were related to age, sex, and care setting. Pain intensity, location, and quality were of greater magnitude than previous reports of early postoperative pain in children. Examining the specific dimensions of pain intensity, location, and quality and the influencing factors of age, sex, and care setting may lead to more effective treatments for SCD pain.

Nerve damage in leprosy: an epidemiological and clinical study of 396 patients in west Nepal--Part 1. Definitions, methods and frequencies.

A historic cohort study was performed to determine the prevalence and incidence rates of nerve function impairment (NFI) as demonstrated by sensory testing with a nylon monofilament and standard tests of motor function. The records of 396 new leprosy patients registering at Green Pastures Hospital, Pokhara, between January 1988 and January 1992 were analysed. The mean follow-up period was 21 months. In all, 36% (141/396) of patients had either sensory or motor function impairment at their initial examination. For each nerve the prevalence of sensory and motor impairment is reported separately. The posterior tibial nerve was the most frequently affected (sensory) nerve (21%). Sensory impairment of the ulnar nerve was found in 17% of the patients; 8.8% had sensory impairment of the median nerve. The overall incidence rate of motor function impairment was 7.5 (5.4-10) per 100 person years at risk (PYAR). Sensory impairment had a significantly higher rate of 13 (10-17)/100 PYAR (rate ratio (1.8 (1.2-2.7), p = 0.0076). Bl patients had a significantly higher incidence rate of nerve function impairment than BT patients (rate ratio 2.3 (1.4-3.7), p = 0.006). Altogether 152/396 (39%) of the patients required corticosteroid treatment for 'recent' or 'acquired' impairment, and 78 of the patients (20%) developed severe nerve function impairment during or after antileprosy treatment. Analysis of potential risk factors for nerve function impairment showed a significant association with the extent of clinical disease expressed as the number of body areas (out of 9) with primary or secondary signs of leprosy (rate ratio 5.0 (1.5-17), p = 0.0091). It was concluded that nerve function impairment is a serious problem, often occurring during or after multidrug therapy. The extent of clinical disease expressed as a count of body areas involved, or of skin or nerve lesions may identify patients who are at increased risk of nerve damage.

The Trauma Score as a Triage Tool

To the Editor.— In the article by Morris et al, 1 the authors describe the Injury Severity Score and the methods of calculating it. They divided the body into seven regions (head and face, neck, chest, spine, abdomen and pelvic contents, extremities and pelvic girdle, and integument). However, in the 1985 revision of the abbreviated injury scale, published by the American Association for Automotive Medicine, the body is divided into six areas (head or neck, face, chest, abdominal or pelvic contents, extremities or pelvic girdle, and external). Morris et al have increased the number of body areas scored by adding spine . Has the 1985 edition of the abbreviated injury scale been altered by them or by the American Association for Automotive Medicine?