Number Of Belts Research Articles

Perancangan Mesin Pengupas Kulit Ari Kopi dengan Model Preskiptif Pahl & Beitz

<p><em>The process of stripping the epidermis of coffee beans is an important process before the coffee bean roasting process is carried out. One of the post-harvest machines for coffee beans is a huller. As the coffee bean huller developed, there were many variations in the process. In this study, a coffee huller was designed using the Pahl & Beitz prescriptive model. The design stage of the Pahl & Beitz model includes initial planning, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detail design. The results of the design include 3D models using the SolidWorks application. The calculation results produce machine specifications in the form of motor design power of 0,5 kW; transmission using V-belt number A53 (L = 1346 mm), the number of belts are 2, pulley diameter 95mm, pulley width 35mm, adjustment distance (504 —564) mm; shaft diameter 25mm; as well as the width and height of the stake 7mm.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Coffee, Design, Machine Design, Post-Harvest </em>

METHODS FOR COOLING THE HOT ZONE OF HEAT ENGINES AND TECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHODS

Various types of hot zone cooling systems for liquid rocket engines are considered. The analysis of systems for external and internal cooling of the hot zone of the combustion chamber and the jet co-PLA is performed. The area of primary use of external and internal impact of components on the combustion chamber and the jet nozzle of a temporary product with a high thermal load on the material is given. Recommendations on the choice of technological methods for processing heat-protective coatings were developed, where the advantages of combined electroabrasive treatment were revealed. In this case, the possibility of finishing the transition sections of the path from areas that are difficult to access for the tool, which have coatings with ceramic granules that have been used in the latest products of aerospace technology, is shown. The mechanism of heat transfer by the cooling medium from the areas of the greatest heating, as a rule, to the flow of the liquid fuel component of the fuel is shown. Examples of implementation of modern cooling systems on typical designs of combustion chambers of modern rocket engines are considered. It is shown that the cooling efficiency will be higher the more belts of the cooling medium curtain are located along the length of the combustion chamber. At the same time, it should be taken into account that the use of an excessively large number of belts means a significant complication of the camera design, its manufacturing technology, and an increase in the cost of the product.

Technical analysis and performance test of chopper machines for composting rice straw

Nutrients diminishing become one of the low productivity of rice. Treatment of straw burned and the ashes as fertilizer remove nutrients contained therein. Composted rice straw so that the soil nutrient enhanced by the provision of rice straw compost continuously. Rice straw compost necessary optimal cutting rice straw with a length of 5 cm to 10 cm to accelerate the composting process. Paddy straw chopper is able to produce the chopped length, but the lack of data and the technical feasibility test engine performance so that the necessary research. The experiment was conducted in March-May 2016 in Bumiwangi Village, Ciparay, Bandung West Java and Agriculture Equipment dan Machine Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Industrial Technology University of Padjadjaran. The method used descriptive analysis, namely making measurements, observations, calculations, and analyses so that the data obtained eligibility machine. Results of analysis techniques, namely the need for locomotion 1.83 HP, unit transmission with 4 belts, shaft diameter 23 mm, the diameter of the pin cylinder enumerator 7.58 and pin diameter motor of 7.40 mm, the size of the spi (9 × 9 × 27) mm, bearing life 6,740.64 h, the deflection order of 1.3 × 10−3 mm and the weld strength 44,660 N and 57,417.07 N meets the technical feasibility than the number of belts. The results of the performance test, the density 128.78 kg/m3, the theoretical capacity 336.20 kg/h, the actual capacity of 304.680 kg/h, the enumeration efficiency of 90.62%, the fuel consumption of 3.19 liters/h, the theoretical power consumption 41.91 HP, enumeration yield 88.302%, the percentage of chopped chunks of 46%, the noise 97.5 dB and vibration of 21.6 mm/s as a whole meets the performance specifications except the cut length, noise and vibration

Bending and Cramped Torsion of Thin-Walled Rods

The derivation of the equilibrium equations of bending and torsion of a thin-walled rod with an arbitrary contour of the cross section is given. The structural elements of the rod, represented by longeron and stringer belts, have tensile–compressive rigidity, and the panels perceive only shear. Panels connect the belts, which ensures joint deformation of all elements of the rod. The movement of the belts is determined by the hypothesis of flat sections. With tight torsion, the movements of the belts depend on the geometric parameters and may not coincide with the plane of the cross section. Only the torque acts on the rod, in this case, the internal forces in the belts satisfy the equations: the sum of the forces and the sum of the bending moments are zero. The rank of the matrix of equations is three, therefore, it is proposed in the work to form groups with a different number of belts, and for each of them to form equilibrium equations for the constrained torsion of a thin-walled rod. This is a peculiar form of belt equilibrium equations. Examples of rod’s torsion are considered.

Analisis Teknik Mesin Pencacah Plastik

Singaparna, Tasikmalaya can produce 154.72 m 3 of plastic waste every day. The plastic waste was then managed by the Tasikmalaya Waste Bank. But the management has been only limited to sorting and finally sold at low prices to the city. To increase the sale value, the plastic waste needs to be chopped in advance so that the dealer will buy it at a high price, of course this will add income to BST. Agricultural Laboratory Equipment and Machinery FTIP Unpad had been developed a plastic waste counting machine to be applied to BST Tasikmalaya in hopes of producing the desired plastic count. However, this machine does not yet have specification data so further research is needed on technical analysis. The purpose of this research was to analyze the technique of plastic counting machines which include; driving power requirements, shaft diameter, number of transmission coir, frame analysis, and weld strength. The research method used was descriptive analysis method, which is measuring and calculating the structural components of the machine. The results of the calculation of the technical analysis showed that the driving force was 5.12 HP, shaft diameter of 28.1 mm, the number of belts used were 2 belts, frame deflection of 0.005 mm, welding strength to support the load of 504.234 N. Technically the garbage counting machine plastic can chop plastic waste well.

Knowledge Focused Six Sigma (KFSS): A methodology to calculate Six Sigma intellectual capital

Organisations, which decide to initiate a Six Sigma programme, need to acquire and internalise the programme knowledge, in addition to creating, using and sharing the knowledge created through improvements. A methodology, namely Knowledge Focused Six Sigma (KFSS), designed in accordance with critical success factors for Six Sigma deployment and reinforced with knowledge management principles, becomes a necessity for a winning programme. KFSS methodology, designed to enhance the deployment and increase the benefits of the programme, also allows the organisations to assess their Six Sigma Intellectual Capital because with Six Sigma, there are not only financial benefits and number of belts, but also the organisation's intellectual capital increases.

Assessment of landscape ecology of agricultural protection forest system at Beizang Town, Daxing County, Beijing

Based on theories of protective forests and landscape ecology, the reasonableness of structures and patterns of shelterbelt system at Beizang Town, Daxing County, Beijing were analyzed and assessed from the two scales of forest belts and networks, by integrating uses of field investigation, GIS and RS techniques. Results showed that the existent main belt (3–12 m in width) was too narrow, while the assistant belt (3–27.1 m in width) was too wide; the species composition of the existent shelterbelts was single, and the structures and patterns of the shelterbelt system were unreasonable. It is suggested that the structure of the main and the assistant belts should be changed, such as increasing the width of main belts, decreasing the width of assistant belt, and planting more mixed species, and the pattern with arbores in the middle and shrubs in the sides of belts could be taken into account. For the landscape structure of forest network after regenerating or reconstruction, the grid number of closed network should be 13 per km2 and the minimum number of belts should be 34 per km2. This study also testified that integrating GIS and remote technique with landscape ecology could provide an effective method for reasonable reconstruction of the structures and patterns of shelterbelts system.

Barrelenes/tubelenes — a new class of cage carbon molecules and its solids

We discuss a new class of non-spherical cage carbon clusters — barrelenes — which manifest themselves in a stable or metastable solid phase. They present a cylindrical graphite surface with an elemental frame-belt of 2 m ( m=5, 6, 7, …) carbon atoms and two spherical-like appropimate lids. As an example, the barrelenes C 24+12 n ( n is the number of belts, m=6 is the number of carbon hexagons in a belt) and C 60+18 n ( m=9) are analyzed in detail. The possible types of lids are described: closed — bowl-shaped, partially open — collar-shaped, and corresponding clusters: (a) b-C N barrelenes — barrel-shaped ( n < m) clusters with closed lids; (b) j-C N jarenes — jar-shaped ( n < m) clusters with one partially open lid; (c) m-C N muffenes — muff-shaped ( n < m) cl usters with both lids open; (d) t-C N tubelens — tube-like ( n ⩾ m) clusters with any kind of lids. The main Kekulé structures of such clusters are analyzed. Possible b-C N and t-C N solids and their doped analogues are discussed including the properties of an isolated long ( n ⪢ m) tubelene which is a quasi-one-dimensional solid. The physical properties of such solids (conduction anisotropy, local piezoelectric-like effect, optic non-linearity, possible superconductivity) are considered.

Studies on Fiber Belts in Rotor-Spun Yarns

The formation of belts and their influence on tenacity of rotor-spun yarns have been studied. When two fibers of different lengths are blended together, the longer fiber predominates as belts, with the result that the composition of constituents in the form of belts is changed considerably. An increase in twist density increases the number of belts but has no influence on the composition of constituents in the belts. Neither differences in denier nor in fiber type has any marked influence on the composition of belts in blended yarns. Contrary to the generally-held view, it has been observed that belts can help in enhancing the strength of rotor-spun yarns. When a small percentage of long viscose fiber is blended with a short staple cotton, the blended yarn strength improves due to the reinforcement of the yarn matrix through belts. The influence of belts is most pronounced when the twist factor used is low.

Belts in Open-End Yarns; Influence of Rotor Diameter and Statistical Distribution

The influence of rotor diameter on separation between two successive belts, belt length, and belt nature were studied. It was concluded that when rotor diameter increases, both length of belt and belt separation increase, and the tightness of their coiling round the yarn core decreases. The study of statistical distributions of the considered parameters—belt separation, number of belts in a given length, and belt length—shows that the phenomenon follows the Gumbel law in the first case, the Poisson law in the second case, and the lognornal law in the third case.

Coast Range Intrusives of Southeastern Alaska

Data are presented to show that the Coast Range intrusives of southeastern Alaska may be tentatively grouped in a number of belts wherein one general type of igneous intrusive rock predominates. Intrusive stocks and batholiths in a wide belt of folded sediments and volcanics to the southwest of the Coast Range batholith have an average composition of a quartzose diorite; the Coast Range batholith, throughout a considerable length, consists predominantly of quartz diorite in the southwest portion, granodiorite in the core, and quartz monzonite in the northeast portion. Small stocks of gabbro and ultrabasic rocks also occur in the Alexander Archipelago to the southwest of the main Coast Range batholith. Each of the major types of plutonic rock occurring in large volume is accompanied by a small volume of a highly sodic leucocratic facies and by aplite dikes whose composition probably varies with the composition of the rock with which they are genetically associated, and in whose origin mineralizers have pla...