Number Of Annules Research Articles

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), a lance nematode from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Summary Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is a new species of lance nematode collected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Females of H. smokyensis n. sp. have a labial region characterised by six, occasionally five, annules. The basal lip annule is subdivided by about 24 longitudinal striae. The stylet averages 47 μm long with robust, tulip-shaped stylet knobs bearing anterior projections. The hemizonid is ca 4 μm anterior to the excretory pore. The lateral field is incompletely areolated and has four continuous incisures from the metacorpus region to the tail region. There are three pharyngeal gland nuclei. Vulval epiptygma are absent. The scutellate phasmids are located one anterior and one posterior to the vulva. The male is shorter than the female and the head region is higher and more rounded than that of the female. The bursa extends to the tail tip and the gubernaculum is large and protrusible and has titillae and a capitulum. Morphologically, H. smokyensis n. sp. is most similar to H. galeatus and H. stephanus, but can be distinguished by differences such as the number of annules and longitudinal striae on the lip region and morphometric values. Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is also genetically distinct from other species according to comparisons of ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on ribosomal and mitochondrial gene sequences suggest that H. smokyensis n. sp. is a lineage distinct from related Hoplolaimus species.

The Genus Ogma (Criconematidae-Nematoda) in Australia

Species of criconematids formerly in the genus Pateracephalenema are transferred to the genus Ogma. Four new species and two new subspecies of Australian Ogma are described. Ogma feckneri n. sp. is distinguished from other described species by the long bare tail. O. sassafras n. sp. differs from related species by the longer stylet, larger number of body annules, more posterior excretory pore and higher number of annules from vulva to tail terminus. O. haguei n. sp. diifers from related species in tail shape, stylet length, number of body annules and position of vulva. O. bellum n. sp. is distinguished by the widely expanded lip region, greater number of scales per annule, and fewer body annules. O. civellae whianus n. ssp. may be distinguished by the single lip annule, and the very long stylet. O. civellae arboreum n. ssp. is characterised by the deeply fringed first annule, and the higher number of scales per annule. Further information is given about O. alticolum and O. australe. As a result of the transfer of Pateracephalanema australe to Ogma, 0. australis Andrassy becomes a junior homonym of O. australe Colbran and is therefore renamed O. andrassyi n.n. A checklist of species recorded in Australia is provided.

Three New Pratylenchus Species With Α Discussion of the Structure of the Cephalic Framework and of the Spermatheca in This Genus

Three new species of Pratylenchus are described: P. fallax n. sp., P. flakkensis n. sp. and P. pseudopratensis n. sp. The descriptions of P. penetrans, P. convallariae, P. pratensis and P. crenatus are emended. The different species are distinguished by the number of annules on the lips and on the tail, the presence or absence of annules on the tail tip, the shape and place of the spermatheca and the length of the stylet. The structure of the spermatheca and adjacent part of the oviduct are discussed.

Morphology of the Cercus in Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Pseudomopinae)1

The profound morphological changes and sexual differences which occur at metamorphosis in the cercus of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), are described and illustrated. These include a marked change of position, color, and shape, and changes in the arrangement and orientation of some of the sensilla on the cercus. The number of annulations on the cercus is a good guide to the instar in most, but not in all, instars. The pattern of cuticular sculpturing differs considerably in different regions of the cercus, and also between nymph and adult. The nymphal cercus has a characteristic glandular epithelium which is absent in the adult. The cercus in B. germanica may prove useful in the bioassay of substances with juvenile hormone activity.

THREE NEW CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES OF HEMICYCLIOPHORA DE MAN (CRICONEMATIDAE: NEMATODA) FROM CANADA

Three new species of the genus Hemicydiophora, closely related to H. similis Thorne, 1955 and H. silvestris Jenkins and Reed, 1964, are described. These are H. vivida, H. shepherdi, and H. minora. H. vivida differs from H. silvestris in the more anterior location of the vulva, the smaller relative length of spear to total body length, the hemizonid covering three annules, and the pattern of the en face view being different. H. shepherdi differs from H. similis in having a smaller number of annules between vulva and anus, and a smaller and elevated labial disc. H. minora differs from the above-mentioned species in being the smallest nematode and in having the excretory pore more anterior in location and a greater relative length of spear to total body length.

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CRICONEMOIDES TAYLOR, 1936 (CRICONEMATIDAE: NEMATODA) FROM CANADA

Five new species of Criconemoides Taylor, 1936 are described. Criconemoides bakeri n. sp. resembles C. annulatum Cobb, in Taylor, 1936, but differs in having a much smaller number of annules and the head region not set off by a constriction. Criconemoides petasus n. sp. resembles C. annulifer (de Man, 1921) Taylor, 1936, but differs in not having a basal cephalic annule, in the spear being shorter, and in the body annules being well separated by incurvations. Criconemoides hemisphaericaudatus n. sp., with males present, appears to resemble C. simile (Cobb, 1918) Chitwood, 1949. It differs in having a greater number of annules, the excretory pore more posterior in position, and the anterior vulvar lip simple. Criconemoides rotundicaudatus n. sp., with males present, also resembles C. annulatum. It differs in having the first two annules not set off by a constriction, and in having the first few annules usually packed together. The anterior vulvar lip is simple and inconspicuous. It differs from C. simile in having a longer spear, a larger number of annules, the excretory pore more posterior in position, and the anterior vulvar lip simple. Crionemoides quasidemani n. sp. is close to C. demani Taylor, 1936. It differs in having the excretory note more posterior in position, the second cephalic annule not thicker than the first annule, and the caudal half of the tail attenuated. It differs from C. princeps Andrássy, 1962 in having a greater number of annules, shorter spear, and more slender tail, and in the absence of cuticular patches on the lateral aspect.