Theoretical approaches for investigating nuclear structure with (e,e'), (\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi}'), and (\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\pi}) reactions are presented and applied to study the shell-model description of $^{10}\mathrm{B}$. The distorted wave impulse approximation formulated in momentum space is used to calculate the cross sections of (\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi}') and (\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\pi}) reactions from the \ensuremath{\pi}N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}N and \ensuremath{\pi}N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}N off-shell amplitudes which are generated from the model of Nozawa, Blankleider, and Lee[1]. It is found that the nonlocal effects due to \ensuremath{\pi}N off-shell dynamics and nucleon Fermi motion are important in predicting (\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\pi}) cross sections. The one-pion-exchange two-body exchange currents are included in (e,e') calculations. It is shown that the core polarization effects, calculated in a perturbation approach including excitations up to 6\ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}, are essential in obtaining quantitative agreements with the data with no adjustable parameters. The predictions based on the shell model of Cohen and Kurath [2] and Hague and Maripuu [3] are compared in order to illustrate the use of (e,e'), (\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi}'), and (\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\pi}) reactions in distinguishing nuclear structure theories which are almost equivalent in describing static properties in nuclei. Predictions for future (e,e') and (\ensuremath{\gamma},\ensuremath{\pi}) experiments are also presented.