Nowellia Curvifolia Research Articles

Myxomycetes associated with Nowellia curvifolia on decorticated spruce logs

Myxomycetes associated with Nowellia curvifolia on decorticated spruce logs

Bryophytes recorded in the Radhošť National Nature Reserve (Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts) during the survey in 2020

Abstract The article presents results of the recent bryological survey in the Radhošť National Nature Reserve. Totally, 133 bryophyte taxa were found, of which 40 species of liverworts and 93 taxa of mosses. Among the most important records can be mentioned liverworts Chiloscyphus pallescens, Liochlaena lanceolata, Nowellia curvifolia, Riccardia latifrons, Riccardia palmata or Scapania mucronata and mosses Brachydontium trichodes, Campylostelium saxicola, Fissidens pusillus, Lewinskya striata, and Oxystegus tenuirostris.

Sequencing of Organellar Genomes of Nowellia curvifolia (Cephaloziaceae Jungermanniales) Revealed the Smallest Plastome with Complete Gene Set and High Intraspecific Variation Suggesting Cryptic Speciation

The leafy liverwort Nowellia curvifolia is a widespread Holarctic species belonging to the family Cephaloziaceae. It is made up of a newly sequenced, assembled and annotated organellar genomes of two European specimens, which revealed the structure typical for liverworts, but also provided new insights into its microevolution. The plastome of N. curvifolia is the second smallest among photosynthetic liverworts, with the shortest known inverted repeats. Moreover, it is the smallest liverwort genome with a complete gene set, since two smaller genomes of Aneura mirabilis and Cololejeunea lanciloba are missing six and four protein-coding genes respectively. The reduction of plastome size in leafy liverworts seems to be mainly impacted by deletion within specific region between psbA and psbD genes. The comparative intraspecific analysis revealed single SNPs difference among European individuals and a low number of 35 mutations differentiating European and North American specimens. However, the genetic resources of Asian specimen enabled to identify 1335 SNPs in plastic protein-coding genes suggesting an advanced cryptic speciation within N. curvifolia or the presence of undescribed morphospecies in Asia. Newly sequenced mitogenomes from European specimens revealed identical gene content and structure to previously published and low intercontinental differentiation limited to one substitution and three indels. The RNA-seq based RNA editing analysis revealed 17 and 127 edited sites in plastome and mitogenome respectively including one non-canonical editing event in plastid chiL gene. The U to C editing is common in non-seed plants, but in liverwort plastome is reported for the first time.

Mchy i wątrobowce rezerwatu Molenda (Polska środkowa)

The paper presents the results of studies on bryophyte flora of the Molenda forest reserve located in the Central Poland. Fifteen species of liverworts and 73 species of mosses were found. Twenty one of these species are considered to be partially protected by law, three endangered and ten rare in the region. Epigean bryophyte constitute the largest ecological group in the bryophyte flora, consisting of 55 species (62% of total flora), followed by epixylic species which are represented by 48 species (54%). The most interesting were taxa threatened and regionally rare, such as Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt., Callicla­dium haldanianum (Grev.) H.A. Crum, Dicranoweisia cirrata (Hedw.) Lindb., Orthodicranum tauricum (Sapjegin) Smirnova, Orthodontium lineare Schwägr., Orthotrichum pulchellum Brunt., O. stramineum Hornsch. ex Brid., Sciu­ro-hypnum refle­xum (Starke) Ignatov & Huttunen, Ulota bruchii Hornsch. ex Brid. and U. crispa (Hedw.) Brid.

Bryophytes of Travný Nature Reserve in Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts (Czech Republic)

Abstract Bryological survey in Travný Nature Reserve was done in 2019. The total of 138 bryophytes (34 liverworts and 104 moss species) were recorded in the protected area. Among the most important records can be mentioned liverworts Liochlaena lanceolata, Nowellia curvifolia, Riccardia latifrons or Trichocolea tomentella and mosses Brachydontium trichodes, Campylostelium saxicola, Fissidens pusillus, Lewinskya striata, and Oxystegus tenuirostris.

New and interesting bryophytes of Albania and Montenegro

Anđic B., Berg C. & Stesevic D. 2018: New and interesting bryophytes of Albania and Montenegro. – Herzogia 31: 436–443.A variety of recordings of interesting species were obtained for Albania and Montenegro based on bryology surveys in the catchment area of the Cijevna river. Some of them have not yet been registered thus far, such as Leptobryum pyriforme in the bryoflora of Montenegro, or Anoectangium aestivum, Didymodon cordatus, Fissidens rufulus, Heterocladium heteropterum, Homalia trichomanoides, and Tortula caucasica, in the bryoflora of Albania. Other interesting records are Grimmia crinita (for Montenegro) and Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Nowellia curvifolia, Taxiphyllum wissgrillii, and Tetraphis pellucida (for Albania).

Contribution to the bryoflora of the Ciężkowickie Foothills (Western Carpathians, Poland)

Abstract The paper provides information about new localities of 118 species, including 2 hornworts, 22 liverworts and 94 mosses collected at the Ciężkowickie Foothills. The most interesting are bryophytes protected and threatened in Poland, for example Fossombronia wondraczekii, Nowellia curvifolia, Sphagnum compactum, Trichocolea tomentella and Weissia squarrosa.

The bryoflora of the Pinka Gorge

The River Pinka originates in eastern Austria and reaches the territory of Hungary at first near Felsőcsatar. The river cuts through the Nagyvilagos Hill forming a gorge. This unique landscape is home to special flora and fauna. The authors have been studying the bryophyte diversity and distribution patterns in the Pinka Gorge in April, July, and August of 2016 and in March, April and July of 2017. The examined area was ca. 2500 m long and maximum 60 m wide along the right side of the river. During the field study, altogether 140 bryophyte species – 115 Bryophyta and 25 Marchantiophyta species – were found in this highly valuable Natura 2000 territory. The main reason for the quite high bryophyte diversity may be the several different habitat types that can be found in this area. Authors succeeded in finding occurrences of several vulnerable and endangered species, such as Isothecium myosuroides Brid. (EN), Porella arboris-vitae (With.) Grolle (EN), Amphidium mougeotii (Bruch & Schimp.) Schimp. (VU), Bryum pallens Sw. ex anon. (VU), Leiocolea collaris (Nees) Schljakov (VU), Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt. (VU), Eurhynchium flotowianum (Sendtn.) Kartt. (VU), Orthotrichum patens Bruch ex Brid. (VU), Ulota bruchii Hornsch. ex Brid. (VU). The results emphasize the importance of further research in this area.

Bryophytes of the Čantoria National Nature Reserve (Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts., Czech Republic)

Abstrac t Bryological investigation in National Nature Reserve Čantoria was done in 2013. The total of 99 bryophytes (29 liverworts and 70 moss species) recorded and/or collected are listed in this contribution. The most important records included 2 liverworts (Liochlaena lanceolata and Nowellia curvifolia) and 4 mosses (Brachydontium trichodes, Campylostelium saxicola, Fissidens pusillus and Oxystegus tenuirostris).

Checklist of liverworts of the Lapland State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Murmansk Province, Russia)

This new list of hepatics for the Lapland State Nature Biosphere Reserve (LSNBR), one of the largest reserves in European Russia, consists of 173 species. Here are summarized all available data on the diversity of liverworts of LSNBR, including approximately 2500 specimens collected by the author. The liverwort flora is the richest amongst those of large State Nature Reserves of the European part of Russia. Eight taxa of liverworts are known in Murmansk Province from the LSNBR only: Frullania tamarisci, Lejeunea cavifolia, Lophoziopsis excisa var. elegans, Mannia triandra, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Oleolophozia perssonii, Nowellia curvifolia, Scapania calcicola. The liverwort diversity varies slightly between different LSNBR Mountains: in Salnye Tundry Mts there were recorded 139 species, in Chuna-tundra Mts – 133, in Monche-tundra Mts – 124, in Nyavka-tundra – 112. The territory gives a good representation for protection and sustainable development of rare hepatic species – fifteen species are red-listed in Europe, four liverworts are included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation and thirty one taxa are protected in Murmansk Province.

Дополнение к флоре печеночников Лапландского заповедника (Мурманская область)

Seventeen liverwort species are reported for the first time from Lapland State Nature Reserve. Two of them, Nowellia curvifolia and Frullania tamarisci, are new to the Murmansk Region. Calypogeia suecica, Arnellia fennica and Porella cordaeana were for the second time found in the Murmansk Region. Five species, Haplomitrium hookeri, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ascendens, Scapania simmonsii and Tritomaria exsectiformis, are rare species in the region, known from few localities and included in the Red Data Book of Murmansk Region.

Comparison of the Ground Vegetation in Spruce Plantations and Natural Forest in the Greater Fundy Ecosystem, New Brunswick

We studied changes in ground vegetation associated with the conversion of natural, mature, mixed-species forest into conifer plantations in southeastern New Brunswick. This was done to determine the degree to which plant-associated biodiversity was affected by this forestry practice. Species of lichens, bryophytes, and vascular plants were examined in a 21-year chronosequence of 12 Black Spruce (Picea mariana) plantations and compared to 8 stands of natural forest of the type replaced. The richness, diversity, and density of species were greatest during younger stages of the plantation sere, with as many as 170 species occurring in a 6-year-old stand. Species occurred in successional stages according to their abilities to: (a) survive disturbances associated with clear-cutting and plantation establishment; (b) regenerate vegetatively; (c) re-establish from a persistent seedbank; (d) invade disturbed habitat by dispersed seeds; and/or (e) tolerate environmental stress imposed by the overtopping canopy during stand development. Multivariate analyses suggested that successional factors had the strongest influence on differences in the ground vegetation among stands of various ages. Gaps in the canopy of reference forest and older plantations provided microsite conditions similar to those of early seral stages, allowing some ruderal species to persist in older stands. Nonindigenous species were almost entirely limited to younger plantations. Some species of natural forest were rare or absent from plantations and may be at risk from the extensive development of these agroforestry habitats in our study region; these included Acer pensylvanicum, Cephaloziella spp., Chiloscyphus spp., Fagus grandifolia, Lepidozia reptans, Nowellia curvifolia, Odontoschisma denudatum, and Viburnum alnifolium.

<strong>A boreal bryophyte community in a tropical montane forest of Mexico</strong>

A Nowellia curvifolia community rich in boreal hepatics is reported from rotten logs in a pine forest in the central highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. The community is probably limited in the tropics to conifer forests of northern Mesoamerica. Nowellia curvifolia is reported as new to Brazil and the southern hemisphere, Cephalozia catenulata is new to Guatemala and Honduras and Cephalozia lunulifolia is new to Guatemala.

The threatened epixylic bryophytes in old primeval forests in Finland

The rapid decrease and fragmentation of primeval forests in Finland has caused a serious threat to bryophytes that grow on decaying wood. Most of these epixylic bryophytes have specific site preferences and are sensitive to changes in the forest microclimate caused by intensive forest management. According to the Finnish Committee for the Conservation of Threatened Animals and Plants, thirteen epixylic bryophyte species are considered threatened in Finland. The latest records and remarks on the ecology and the status of one threatened epixylix moss ( Buxbaumia viridis) and twelve hepatics ( Cephalozia lacinulata, C. affinis, C. macounii, C. catenulata, Calypogeia suecica, Scapania massalongi, S. apiculata, Nowellia curvifolia, Harpanthus scutatus, Anastrophyllum michauxii, Lophocolea cuspidata and Jungermannia leiantha) are given.

The Occurrence of Cell Wall-Associated Arabinogalactan Proteins in the Hepaticae

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) constitute a class of hydroxyproline-containing gly- coproteins. Accumulated evidence that hydroxyproline-containing protein(s) (hyp-protein) functions in the correlative control of leaf and branch development in liverworts prompted our investigation of the occurrence of AGPs in hepatics. Their presence can be detected in tissues as well as tissue extracts by means of Yariv 0-glucosyl reagent, an artificial antigen which specifically binds, precip- itates, and stains AGPs red-orange. We used this reagent to detect AGPs associated with the cell walls of eight species of hepatics, Haplomitrium mnioides (Lindb.) Schust., Scapania nemorosa (L.) Dum., Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt., Jungermannia leiantha Grolle, Gymnocolea inflata (Huds.) Dum., Fossombronia foveolata Lindb., Riccardia sinuata (Dicks.) Trevis, and Riccia duplex Lorbeer. Since these species represent both subclasses, as well asfour ofseven orders, ofthe Hepaticae, these results suggest that AGPs may be regularly occurring components of liverwort cell walls. Whether AGPs function in morphoregulation remains to be determined. Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are a class of hydroxyproline-containing glycoproteins. Clarke et al. (1978) found them to be present in representa- tives of all phyla of photosynthetic land plants (em- bryophytes) they tested, including Lunularia cru- ciata (L.) Dum. among the Bryophyta. Our interest in AGPs derives mainly from the fact that AGPs typically contain high levels of hydroxyproline in their protein moiety (Fincher et al. 1983). We have accumulated evidence that some hydroxyproline- containing protein(s) (hyp-protein) has a morpho- regulatory function in the Hepaticae. Specifically, we have found that inhibition of hyp-protein syn-

Phenology of Selected Bryophytes in Southern Illinois

Maturity indices of Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) B.S.G., Diphys- cium foliosum (Hedw.) Mohr, Trichocolea tomentella (Ehrh.) Dum., Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt. and Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad.) Dum. popu- lations in southern Illinois are discussed. Indices are based on biweekly ob- servations made over a period of a year and are correlated with vapor pressure deficit, temperature, light quality and quantity and daylength. Depending upon the species, these microenvironmental factors variously affect the veg- etative growth, gametangial formation, fertilization and subsequent growth of the sporophytes. Moisture conditions seem most critical to vegetative growth and survival, and photoperiodism seems to be the dominant factor in gametangia formation. Lophocolea is apparently a day neutral plant in ref- erence to gametangia formation while Diphyscium, Atrichum and Trichocolea are long day plants. Gametangia in Nowellia are also formed under long day conditions but their formation, once initiated, is continuous until dessication of the population. Environment can explain only in part a plant's occurrence in a particular habitat. How a plant responds, both vegetatively and sexually, to climatic and edaphic con- ditions may be as important. Since many bryophytes become dormant during part of the year, their microclimates can reflect both growing and dormancy conditions. Tim- ing of sex organ maturation and spore or gemma release also regulates a species introduction and survival at a particular site. The importance of such growth and reproductive responses to the distribution, radiation potential and evolution of bry- ophyte species necessitates understanding the relationship between phenology and seasonal microclimatic variability. Unfortunately, few such studies exist. Greene (1960) presented an account of gametangial and capsular cycles in six mosses. While pointing out some of the difficulties one may encounter in phenological studies, he also demonstrated the presence of three different sporophyte maturation stages in mosses. Forman (1965), utilizing 103 species from a single Wisconsin loca- tion, presented another system for studying moss phenology which is more simplified than Greene's. Other recent phenological studies of mosses include those by Johnsen (1969) on Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw., Clarke and Greene (1970) on Pohlia nu- tans (Hedw.) Lindb. and P. cruda (Hedw.) Lindb. and Hancock and Brassard (1974) on Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw.

An Autecological Investigation of Selected Bryophytes in Three Sandstone Canyons in Southern Illinois

In order to ascertain why certain bryophyte species are com- mon while others are rare, and perhaps refugial, an autecological investigation on populations of Trichocolea tomentella (Ehrh.) Dum., Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt., Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad.) Dum., Diphyscium foliosum (Hedw.) Mohr and Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) B.S.G. in three separate areas in southern Illinois is presented. Vapor pressure deficit, plant surface temper- ature and radiant energy in the blue, red and far red wavelengths, as well as substrate pH and exchangeable potassium and phosphorus ions were utilized to compare the microhabitats. Sample populations of Trichocolea and Nowel- lia, which are northern in distribution and rarely occur in southern Illinois, grow in definite microhabitats with narrow ranges of environmental condi- tions that are similar from one area to another. Sample populations of Lophocolea, Atrichum and Diphyscium, however, all possess wider ecological amplitudes. Of the environmental factors considered, moisture conditions seem to be the most significant in comparing the microhabitats of the different populations. It is obvious that climatic and edaphic factors such as temperature, light, humidity, water availability and substrate conditions all function together in regulating and re- stricting the occurrence of bryophytes. These factors closely interact, and often it is hard to ascertain which are the most important. In many instances as light increases, temperature increases and moisture decreases, ultimately affecting substrate pH and nutrient availability. It is also difficult to discern if various climatic factors are required or merely toler- ated. The plants may be able to tolerate low moisture and high temperatures in order to obtain adequate light intensities or, on the other hand, tolerate low light conditions to meet high humidity and low temperature requirements. Requirement versus tolerance may also pertain to certain substrate conditions such as pH, mineral content and/or water holding capacity. Perhaps it is the need for lower vapor pressure deficits or certain nutrients that may be associated with sandstone or rotting logs, not the low pH, which is possibly only being tolerated. Others have contributed information on one or more of the above mentioned fac- tors, but an ecological study concerning all of the factors has not been forthcoming.

Hydroxy-L-proline- and 2,2′-Dipyridyl-Induced Phenovariations in the Liverwort Nowellia curvifolia

Two antagonists of "normal" proline-hydroxyproline-protein synthesis, 2,2'-dipyridyl and hydroxy-L-proline, induced the same kind of phenovariation in Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks) Mitt. (Cephaloziaceae) as they do in Scapania nemorosa (Scapaniaceae). This finding supports a hypothesized cardinal role for proline-hydroxyproline-protein in modulating aspects of morphogenesis and phylogeny in the leafy liverworts.

The Aseptic Culture of Liverworts in Microphytotrons

The Aseptic Culture of Liverworts in Microphytotrons