Novel Anode Material For Lithium-ion Batteries Research Articles

Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets Based on a Schiff Base Reaction for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries Anode

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have already gained significant attention because they have satisfactory energy density and no memory effect, making them one of the most widely used energy storage systems. In commercial LIBs, graphite is widely used as an anode material due to its excellent electrical conductivity and structural stability; however, as they are limited by their restricted theoretical capacity, there is an urgent need for the development of novel anode materials for LIBs. For this purpose, we designed a nitrogen-doped two-dimensional layered porous carbon material (2D-PNC) based on a covalent organic framework (COF) generated by a Schiff base reaction as a precursor. The characterization analysis results show that 2D-PNC is made of stacked two-dimensional ultra-thin carbon sheets with a porous structure. This unique structure is beneficial for electrolyte impregnation and lithium-ion storage, resulting in excellent electrochemical performance of 2D-PNC, which shows a high specific capacity of 573 mAh g−1 after 380 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. The results show that 2D-PNC provides the possibility of a practical application of high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Constructing 3D sandwich-like carbon coated Fe2O3/helical carbon nanofibers composite as a superior lithium-ion batteries anode

In this study, a novel carbon-coated Fe2O3/helical carbon nanofibers (C@Fe2O3/HCNFs) composite with 3D sandwich-like structure was first successfully synthesized through a facile two-step method and utilized as anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A carbon layer with a thickness of about 3–5 nm was uniformly coated on the surface of the C@Fe2O3/HCNFs composites, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a particle size of about 5–20 nm was distributed between the carbon layer and HCNFs matrix. The C@Fe2O3/HCNFs anode shows excellent long-term cycle life and stability, and the discharge performance can reach 1298.6 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 200 mA/g, which is 59 % higher than that of Fe2O3/HCNFs anode. The electrochemical performance and stable structure of C@Fe2O3/HCNFs composites are improved due to the interaction between the carbon coating layers, HCNFs, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles during the charge–discharge process. The present study reveals the potential application of C@Fe2O3/HCNFs as a novel anode material for LIBs..

Lithium storage behavior and mechanism of hexagonal FePO4/C composite as a novel anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Exploring novel electrode materials is crucial for the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, hexagonal FePO4/N-doped carbon (FP/C-600) composite is synthesized by a facile precipitation method and subsequent heat treatment process; the lithium ions storage performance and mechanism of hexagonal FePO4 as a novel anode material for LIBs are systematically investigated for the first time. The as-prepared FP/C-600 composite gives a high specific capacity (761.1 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), superior cyclability (433.5 mA h g−1 after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1), and outstanding rate capability (240.3 mA h g−1 at 5.0 A g−1) for a half cell. Ex-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization demonstrates that the lithium storage reactions in the FePO4 anode proceed via a conversion reaction mechanism. The FP/C-600 nanocomposite has a much smaller electrochemical reaction resistance and larger Li+ diffusion coefficient than the pure FePO4 (FP-600) sample. More importantly, when evaluated as an anode material in a Li-ion full cell, the FP/C-600 composite still maintains a high specific capacity of 456.2 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles at 0.2 A g−1, implying that such FP/C-600 composite is a novel anode material with significant potential for future practical applications in LIBs.

Efficient utilization of scrapped LiFePO4 battery for novel synthesis of Fe2P2O7/C as candidate anode materials

With the increasing retirement of LiFePO4 batteries, state-of-the-art recycling strategies have drawn widespread attention for sustainable resource development. However, critical issues, such as tedious procedures and improper disposal of hazardous wastes, need to be solved urgently and efficiently. Generally, the recovery of lithium is emphasized during the recycling process, yet the relatively low valuable Fe/P compounds are rarely concerned, which are considered as hazardous materials. Herein, a simplified and economical method is developed to treat spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by utilizing LiFePO4 cathode scraps as the raw precursors to fabricate novel anode material Fe2P2O7. Specifically, thermodynamic analysis confirms the feasibility of the selective extraction of lithium and synchronous separation of Li/Fe/Al elements. Under the optimal experimental parameters, the leaching efficiency of lithium can reach up to 98.84% and that of Fe/Al is below 1%, demonstrating the superior selectivity of lithium. Significantly, the waste leaching slag FePO4 is flexibly utilized to regenerate Fe2P2O7, which is applied as a novel anode material for LIBs and exhibits satisfactory rate capability and competitive long-term cycling stability (reversible capacities of 147.2 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 500 cycles with an excellent retention of 88.55%). This presented strategy takes full advantages of spent batteries by recycling the valuable fragments and turning solid waste into value-added anode materials simultaneously. It is convinced that the potential “waste to treasure” approach provides an environmental-friendly technology to reutilize the spent LIBs, which achieves the interdisciplinary of resource recycling and energy storage area.

Facile Synthesis of Polypyrrole Nanofibers/Co-MOF Composite and Its Lithium Storage Properties

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as promising electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, poor electrical conductivity in most MOFs limits their electrochemical performance. In this work, the integration of flaky cobalt 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Co-BDC) MOF with conductive polypyrrole (PPy) nanofibers via in-situ growth strategy was explored for developing novel anode materials for LIBs. Electrochemical studies showed that PPy/Co-BDC composites exhibited enhanced cycling performance (a reversible capacity of ca. 364 mA h g–1 at a current density of 50 mA g–1 after 100 cycles) and rate capability, com- pared with the pristine Co-BDC. The well dispersion of Co-BDC on polypyrrole nanofibers and the decrease in charge-transfer resistance of the composite electrodes accounted for the improvement of electrochemical properties.

NiCo2S4 Nanosheets Grown on 3D Networks of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes: Advanced Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

AbstractTo meet the requirements of high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), a new class of electrode materials with favorable nanostructures is highly desirable. Recently, metal sulfides have been intensively studied as promising anode materials for LIBs because of their high lithium storage capacity. Among them, ternary metal sulfides can provide much higher electrochemical activity and energy storage performance than binary metal sulfides or their oxide counterparts, which makes them outstanding candidates as anode materials for next‐generation LIBs. In this work, hierarchical nanostructured hybrids of NiCo2S4 nanosheets uniformly grown on nitrogen‐doped graphene/carbon nanotube networks (NiCo2S4/NGC) have been easily prepared as novel anode materials for LIBs. Benefiting from the synergistic effects between NiCo2S4 nanosheets and conductive NGC networks, the optimized NiCo2S4/NGC hybrid exhibits greatly enhanced electrochemical performance with high initial charge capacity of 1225.4 mA h g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 and excellent cycling stability with 89 % capacity retention after 100 cycles. Moreover, its capacity can be retained at 574.8 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles even at a current density of 5 A g−1, demonstrating its exceptionally high rate performance.