Notre Dame Conferences Research Articles

The Origins of the Catholic Charismatic Renewal in the United States: Early Developments in Indiana and Michigan and the Reactions of the Ecclesiastical Authorities

The origins of the Catholic Charismatic Renewal (hereafter, CCR) can be traced to Duquesne University (Pittsburgh, PA), in 1967, when two Catholics were baptised in the Holy Spirit. The movement soon spread to the University of Notre Dame (South Bend, IN), Michigan State University (East Lansing, MI) and the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, MI), all of which became centres of the expanding renewal. Here were the first organisational forms of the movement, such as the Catholic Charismatic Renewal Service Committee (CCRSC, later NSC), and several other organised attempts at outreach, such as the Notre Dame Conferences. This article analyses the initial Catholic charismatic experiences in Indiana and Michigan, the formation of the first charismatic communities and the immediate reaction of the ecclesiastical authorities. While the Catholic hierarchy initially distanced itself, this approach was later superseded by the legitimisation of the movement, which was achieved due to the work of a number of theologians who located the movement's religious practices within the tradition of the Church, to Cardinal Léon Joseph Suenens's work of mediation between the CCR and the Vatican and to Pope Paul VI's welcome offered to Catholic charismatics at the Grottaferrata Conference (Italy) in 1973.

Polarization in the U.S. Catholic Church: Naming the Wounds, Beginning to Heal ed. by Mary Ellen Konieczny, Charles C. Camosy, Tricia C. Bruce

Reviewed by: Polarization in the U.S. Catholic Church: Naming the Wounds, Beginning to Heal ed. by Mary Ellen Konieczny, Charles C. Camosy, Tricia C. Bruce Katarina Schuth OSF Polarization in the U.S. Catholic Church: Naming the Wounds, Beginning to Heal. Edited by Mary Ellen Konieczny, Charles C. Camosy, Tricia C. Bruce. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2016. 196pp. $19.95. Dealing with a timely topic, Polarization in the U.S. Catholic Church is the product of a 2015 University of Notre Dame conference, where the eighteen articles in this volume were delivered. The contributors include several well-known authors, but more than half are newer scholars and several are not associated with educational institutions. This variety provides a fresh interpretation of long-term neuralgic problems for the church and adds creative approaches to solving them. The usual concerns about gender, sexuality, and authority are addressed, along with serious consideration of the link between religion and politics. Generational differences and changes in parish structures are deliberated in depth, along with approaches to overcoming polarization. [End Page 92] The four organizing themes are usefully arranged in a time-related framework, beginning with “This Moment in the Church,” where six experienced authors describe aspects of the ecclesial situation by indicating how their own religious histories reflect their views of the present. A common lament is the loss of fruitful discussion between generations, based in part on the lack of knowledge of the faith, minimal levels of investment, and the introduction of ideological and political agendas. Yet they express hope in finding sources of unity through sympathetic listening and attentiveness to reconciling voices, especially that of Pope Francis. The second part, “Naming the Wounds,” communicates clearly the cultural conflicts and polarizing public debates that have infected the church. Divergent parish perspectives are pointed out, with questions raised about the value of “personal parishes” in which like-minded members may function contentedly, but in fact may prevent necessary conflict that simmers without resolution in the church as a whole. One author believes that the existence of many family-oriented parishes, where the focus is on service, belies the view of widespread polarization. The many ways unresolved ecclesial pain is experienced by LGBTQ Catholics is described, along with the plight of college students who are labeled as ill-informed or misinformed or both. Part three, “Assessing the Problem,” is in some ways more positive in tone, where again some authors question the extent of polarization. Providing hopeful signs for the future and citing the advantages of ecclesial movements, a Focolare member finds ways to bridge discourse and widen the horizon for engagement. This approach is “not only about identifying principles and values,” but also about the suffering of people and the need for loving compassion. In reflecting on race and polarization, the final chapter of this section deals with the consequences of broken discourse in race relations, and also offers some options for creating solidarity by talking across lines, paying attention to pluralism, and seeking communities committed to justice. [End Page 93] The last section, “Looking to the Future,” fittingly considers the significant role of millennials in the twenty-first century as they form the base for church and society. One edifying example explains how one college student turned participation in the pro-life movement from what were perceived as alienating activities to unifying dialogue. Of equal consequence is consideration of the future position of Hispanics as the strength of the church. In a compelling chapter, the author speaks of the “unheeded middle,” represented by Hispanics, and the potential for being evangelized by them through their deep sense of ecclesial community. The final chapter and conclusion look at the possibility of transcending and resisting polarization, leading to the expectation of hope for the future. The author believes that offenses of polarization against truth and charity can be overcome by resisting judgment and embracing solidarity. For anyone interested in a more harmonious yet dynamic future for the Catholic Church, there are many reasons to study this book. Whether leading parishes, teaching college students, or participating as a family in parish life, all can find wisdom. Thread throughout the chapters is evidence of the impact Pope Francis...

Thomas F. X. Noble / John Van Engen (Eds.), European Transformations. The Long Twelfth Century. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies.) Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame Press 2012

Article Thomas F. X. Noble / John Van Engen (Eds.), European Transformations. The Long Twelfth Century. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies.) Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame Press 2012 was published on December 19, 2014 in the journal Historische Zeitschrift (volume 299, issue 3).

Being Human and Christian in a Darwinian World: An Appreciation of Józef Życiński

I AM HONORED TO PARTICIPATE in a symposium dedicated to the intellectual work of a unique Churchman, intellectual, and interpreter of science, whose premature passing is a deep loss to the Catholic and general intellectual world. (1) Over the years in the course of his visits to the University of Notre Dame and through other contacts, I came to appreciate the importance of Archbishop Jozef Zycinski's work as a philosopher of contemporary science, an informed spokesperson on the complexities of the theology and science interface, and a commentator on many contemporary issues created by the life sciences for Catholic thought. I was particularly drawn to his work on evolutionary theory, represented most substantially by his book God and Evolution: Fundamental Questions of Christian Evolutionism, a remarkably intelligent, deeply researched, and informed discussion of the wide range of issues surrounding Catholicism and evolutionary biology. (2) Some of these insights were then developed in a public address followed by an essay that may be his last publication on this topic, Evolutionary Theism and the Emergent Universe, delivered in November 2009 to the Notre Dame Conference, in the 21st Century, one of the final international colloquia dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth and the 150th of the publication of On the Origin of Species. The address will be published in a special volume of papers from this conference now to be dedicated to Zycinski. I have also more recently been engaged with his reflections on modern biotechnology and the issues raised by such topics as stem-cell research. In his address to the Notre Dame conference, Zycinski ranged widely across a spectrum of issues, dealing in particular with the debates over chance, design, and in the post-Darwinian period, and the ways these problems had been misconceived in the popular and creation debates. Rather than explore these issues, however, my point of departure will be from a subordinate theme he also addressed, namely, the way in which humans can be related to and differentiated from the natural order, granting acceptance of an evolutionary picture of the human species. Following some remarks on my own approach to these questions, I will then discuss these issues in relation to the concept of an ontological leap as treated in the October 1996 Letter on Evolution to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences of Blessed Pope John Paul II. The final section will close with some issues raised in a late essay of Zycinski on biotechnology and the concept of human dignity. This article is not intended to question the general validity of the Darwinian theory of species transformism by natural selection, which I consider to be the best available scientific explanation of the origins and diversity of the organic forms we see around us. I am also concerned to engage with what John Haught has termed unedited Darwinian theory--Darwinian theory as accepted and discussed generally within the scientific community--rather than pursuing discarded alternative neo-Lamarckian, orthogenetic, and strong teleological evolutionary theories. (3) I also do not minimize the detailed debates that surround certain points of evolutionary theory at present, such as those surrounding the long-standing debate over the competence of natural selection alone to explain macro as well as micro evolution, or the disputes currently dividing traditional population-genetics interpretations of Darwinism and those emphasizing the importance of developmental genetics, morphological constraints, and organismic considerations in evolution, commonly now termed evodevo. (4) But it is not essential to my purpose that these intratheory disputes be adjudicated. My concern is to generate some new lines of reflection on the important question that makes the issue of evolution interesting--what does it really have to do with human beings as we now find them? …

The Consumer Culture Research Landscape

This introductory article for the special issue of The Journal of American Culture serves two functions. First it briefly sketches the current status and historical background of cultural research. And second, it introduces the reader to the individual scholarly research articles that appear herein. Current Developments in Consumer Culture The scholarly study of culture is expanding at an explosive rate. In this brief introduction to this development, we stress some of the post-2000 highlights. They include, in chronological order, the start of a new scholarly journal, the Journal of Consumer Culture (2001); the publication of Lizabeth Cohen's landmark tome, A Consumers' Republic, the appearance of a seminal article in the March 2005 issue of the Journal of Consumer (Consumer Culture Theory: Twenty Years of Research by Eric Arnould and Craig Thompson); and the first international conference on culture theory, held at the University of Notre Dame in August 2006. These various milestones point to two observations about the direction of current research on culture: 1. Researchers are going beyond the traditional culture discipline of marketing (the home discipline of Russell Belk and John Sherry, the two organizers of the Notre Dame conference) to include such disciplines as sociology (the home discipline of George Ritzer, the editor of the Journal of Consumer Culture), as well as other social science and humanities disciplines, such as anthropology, economics, and history. Historians, in particular, have contributed significantly to our understanding of culture, and among the seminal figures here are Daniel Boorstin, Lizabeth Cohen, Gary Cross, Richard Fox, Daniel Horowitz, Jackson Lears, and Susan Strasser. 2. Researchers and their foci are becoming increasingly international. For example, scholars who made presentations at the Notre Dame conference have their origins in about a dozen countries representing several continents. The nations that were represented included India, Australia, France, Mexico, Canada, and Turkey. These research studies should permit useful cross-cultural comparisons. Also helping the international movement is the global perspective being assumed by the Journal of Consumer Culture. Historical Developments in Consumer Culture Research: Definitional Issues The historical shift from an economy dominated by production to one strongly influenced by consumption has led to the use of the term society or culture by many scholars to describe the latter circumstance. However, there is little agreement as to what these terms mean. Richard Wightman Fox and T. J. Jackson Lears, in an influential edited 1983 volume (The Culture of Consumption), identify some of the dimensions of the definitional problems and pose some key questions about historical origins in the introduction to their book. Some observers of all stripes have agreed on the importance of consumption in twentiethcentury American culture. But they have expended so much energy praising or blaming it that they have generally begged the most basic questions. Exactly what is a culture? It is not enough to point to the abundance of televisions and automobiles, to call it a culture of leisure instead of work, since obviously still work-assuming they can find a job. It will not do to view it as an elite conspiracy in which advertisers defraud the people by drowning them in a sea of glittering goods. The are not that passive; they have been active consumers, preferring some commodities to others. They have also been more than consumers; they have pursued other goals in their leisure besides consumption. When and how did a culture arise in the United States? What were the processes by which a nineteenth-century producer ethic-a value system based on work, sacrifice and saving-evolved into a dominant twentiethcentury consumer ethic? …

Special Issue on Multiscale Modeling in Biology

This special issue of Multiscale Modeling and Simulation: A SIAM Interdisciplinary Journal, on multiscale modeling in biology, stems from the workshop "Biocomplexity V: Multiscale Modeling in Biology," held August 14--17, 2003, at the University of Notre Dame and organized jointly by the Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Biocomplexity at the University of Notre Dame, the Biocomplexity Institute at Indiana University, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, in cooperation with the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. The workshop took place in conjunction with the Notre Dame Conference on Partial Differential Equations with Applications. Modeling and simulation are becoming central research tools in biology. The most advanced of these efforts have focused on single levels or scales, e.g., genomic/proteomic, cellular, tissue, organ, whole body, behavioral, and population. We now need to develop the software tools and mathematical approaches to integrate models from micro-scales to macro-scales in a seamless fashion. Such multiscale models are essential if we are to produce quantitative, predictive models of complex biological behaviors such as embryonic development, cancer, cytoskeletal function, and ecosystems. At the same time, developing the abstractions to integrate between scales will lead to a much deeper understanding of the universal or generic features of biological phenomena. This special issue of MMS presents a state-of-the-art view of the multiscale approach to modeling in biology. The papers in this collection combine theoretical and computational approaches to model a variety of important multiscale biological phenomena in areas ranging from immunology to pattern formation to cytoskeletal dynamics and calcium wave propagation. As the papers in this issue illustrate, researchers in this interdisciplinary field have developed a rich variety of techniques and applied them to a variety of biological problems at multiple scales. In certain applications, such as the study of intracellular calcium cycles (Tsaneva-Atanasova, Shuttleworth, Yule, Thompson, and Sneyd), subcellular results have explained behaviors at larger scales, e.g., experimentally observed cell and tissue behaviors. Excitable medium and pattern formation methodologies apply to a wide spectrum of tissue behaviors (ten Tusscher and Panfilov). Continuum models for excitable media have the attraction of being amenable to both analytical and numerical methods. Population models (Doering, Sargsyan, and Sander) that describe ecosystem scales in terms of agents and smaller-scale variables are similarly rich and immediately apply to the study of epidemics and their control through drugs. The paper by Murray and Perelson also includes genetic behaviors to study the population-leveleffects of various drugs and mutations on HIV. Clearly, addressing multiple biological scales requires a heterogeneous model framework; Gammack, Ganguli, Marino, Segovia-Juarez, and Kirschner integrate discrete and continuum models to explore the immune response to tuberculosis. Biological cells provide an obvious integration level between subcellular and molecular scales on the one hand, and tissues and organs on the other. Jonsson and Levchenko explain the behaviors of yeast colonies using a model for single cells that considers the cell-level phenomena of growth and division. Chemical signals usually mediate cell responses; Erban and Othmer discuss the role this microscale plays in the resulting macroscopic behavior of embryonic spatial pattern formation. Banks and Pinter present a probabilistic model for hysteresis and shear waves at the tissue scale and its possible medical applications, another case requiring heterogeneous models and approaches to treat multiple biological scales. The hybrid models typical of systems biology tend to mix continuous, discrete, deterministic, and probabilistic approaches to address important questions in morphogenesis and regeneration. Recent advances in developing a three-dimensional hybrid framework for modeling morphogenesis, the pattern of structural development of an organism or its organs, promise a truly integrated approach to multiscale biological processes. Morphogenesis involves differentiation, growth, death, and migration of cells as well as changes in the shapes of cells and tissues and the secretion and absorption of extracellular materials. Rubinstein, Jacobson, and Mogilner provide a good example of this philosophy in their multiscale model of lamellopodia; their composite model ranges from the molecular scale of actin machinery to the micron-scale lamellopodium itself, to illustrate the many model extensions and modifications that moving from one-dimensional to three-dimensional models requires. Alarcon, Byrne, and Maini take a similar approach to tumor growth. One key area for future research is the integration of genomic and macroscopic approaches to produce more complete models which include both genetic and generic phenomena. We would like to express our special thanks to Dr. James M. Hyman, for the idea of a conference volume and help in every step of creating this special issue. We also want to thank Dr. Leah Edelstein-Keshet for her advice and help in preparing this issue.

Review: Christ among the Medieval Dominicans. Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers

Christ among the Medieval Dominicans. Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers Kent Emery, Jr Joseph Wawrykow xvi + 561 (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 7.) University of Notre Dame Press 1998 Hardback$80 0 268 00831 0 Paperback$45 0 268 00836 1

Jews and Christians in Twelfth-Century Europe ed. by Michael A. Signer, John Van Engen (review)

REVIEWS 205 she sets herself. She must find ways to prove that these written sequences consciously (and the imbuing of intention is key here) develop an authorial subjectivity that becomes identified with the “I” of the poems themselves. In the cases of Dante and Petrarch, whom Holmes discusses toward the end of the book, making this argument is less daunting for historical and structural as well as thematic reasons. For earlier poets such as Uc de Saint Circ, Guittone d’Arezzo, or Rustico Fillippi, let alone for “anonymous,” Holmes’s claims of authorial intent become much more difficult to defend. As a result, Holmes relies upon lexical and thematic connections among poems, along with biographical information that she then corroborates through references within the sequences themselves. Because she only rarely provides any poem in its entirety , these discussions seem pedantic and fragmented. Holmes also tends to summarize rather than analyze the poetry in order to support her more general claims for cohesive narratives and subjectivities. The results are long descriptive passages that provide broad generic readings of the sequences’ narratives and, at the same time, close readings focusing on repeated words and phrases in poems to which the reader never has access. Instead of proving that these poets construct identities one gets the distinct sense that Holmes is constructing them herself rather than letting the poet and the poetry speak of and for themselves. An investigation of authorial subjectivity is no mean feat. And the question of when a sense of “self” first arises, at least as we currently understand it, is the topic of lively and extensive debate among historians, critics, and philosophers . Holmes may be right in her claim that the concept of the “author” as a distinctive and constructed “self” emerges in late troubadour poetry, and that the very concept of the poetic sequence, when determined by the poet himself, serves as proof of this identity. Unfortunately, both the nature of these texts (the variants in sequencing, for example, or additions to or omissions from various manuscripts) and the more contemporary question of theoretical vocabulary get in the way of Holmes’s argument. While Holmes succeeds in her goal of emphasizing continuity in the development of lyric sequence, her greater claim, that “the advent of historical selfhood” coincides with “the construction of the modern figure of the author in lyric sequences” (3) prompts more disputation than resolution. CHERYL GOLDSTEIN, Comparative Literature, UCLA Jews and Christians in Twelfth-Century Europe, ed. Michael A. Signer and John Van Engen, Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 10 (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press 2001) xi + 380 pp., illus., maps. How does a medievalist determine the importance of religion in the development of medieval social history? On the one hand the answer to this would seem obvious. Since there was no “secular” society, the Middle Ages exist as a “religious” culture, that is to say a culture that is bound up and identified with religious institutions. (This identification should be distinguished from “religiosity ” which deals specifically with individual praxis and devotion rather than hegemony.) On the other hand, however, there is a certain kind of transparency in many historical accounts, a taking for granted of the significance of religious identity in medieval Europe. This becomes clear when one realizes that Jewish medieval history is separate from discussions of medieval history in general, a REVIEWS 206 formulation that takes Christianity as so thoroughly normative that we need not even speak its name. For the last decade or so some Jewish medievalists have found evidence in texts about the First Crusade in 1096 written by JewishGerman pietists (Hasidei Askenaz), for example, of what might be described as a “cross-pollination” of religious cultures. Analyses of these texts suggest significant levels of cultural interchange between medieval Jews and Christians, a kind of sotto voce dialogue of identity and power. Interest in this religious dialectic was certainly one of the factors that led to the conference at Notre Dame University and culminated in Jews and Christians in Twelfth-Century Europe, edited by Michael A. Signer and John Van Engen. The essays reflect what Van Engen describes as a relationship of “intimacy and distance...

Learning institutionalized. Teaching in the medieval university. Edited by John Van Engen. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 9.) Pp. viii+279. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2000. $40. 0 268 01328 4

<i>Learning institutionalized. Teaching in the medieval university</i>. Edited by John Van Engen. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 9.) Pp. viii+279. Notre Dame, I<scp>N</scp>: University of Notre Dame Press, 2000. $40. 0 268 01328 4

Kent Emery Jr., and Joseph Wawrykow, eds., Christ among the Medieval Dominicans: Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 7.) Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998. Pp. xvi, 561 plus 103 black-and-white figures; black-and-white frontispiece and tables. $80 (cloth); $45 (paper).

Kent Emery Jr., and Joseph Wawrykow, eds., Christ among the Medieval Dominicans: Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 7.) Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998. Pp. xvi, 561 plus 103 black-and-white figures; black-and-white frontispiece and tables. $80 (cloth); $45 (paper).

Christ Among the Medieval Dominicans: Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers. Edited by Kent EmeryJr and Joseph Wawrykow. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 7. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999. xvi + 561 pp. $80.00 cloth; $45.00 paper.

Christ Among the Medieval Dominicans: Representations of Christ in the Texts and Images of the Order of Preachers. Edited by Kent EmeryJr and Joseph Wawrykow. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 7. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999. xvi + 561 pp. $80.00 cloth; $45.00 paper.

Reading and Wisdom: The De doctrina Christiana of Augustine in the Middle Ages. Edited by Edward D. English. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 6. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995. xii + 188 pp. $19.93.

Reading and Wisdom: The De doctrina Christiana of Augustine in the Middle Ages. Edited by Edward D. English. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 6. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995. xii + 188 pp. $19.93. - Volume 65 Issue 4

Reading and Wisdom: The De doctrina Christiana of Augustine in the Middle Ages. Edited by Edward D. English. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 6. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995. xii + 188 pp. $19.93.

Reading and Wisdom: The De doctrina Christiana of Augustine in the Middle Ages. Edited by Edward D. English. Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies 6. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995. xii + 188 pp. $19.93. - Volume 65 Issue 4

Eriugena: East and West: Papers of the Eighth International Colloquium of the Society for the Promotion of Eriugenian Studies, Chicago and Notre Dame, 18-20 October, 1991 ed. by Bernard McGinn and Willemien Otten

Eriugena: East and West: Papers of the Eighth International Colloquium of the Society for the Promotion of Eriugenian Studies, Chicago and Notre Dame, 18-20 October, 1991. Edited by Bernard McGinn and Willemien Otten. [Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, Number V] (Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. 1994. Pp. xii, 290. $39.95.) Since 1970 scholars interested in Eriugena, an Irish master who came to the Continent probably in the 830's, have gathered to share their research. The 1991 colloquium focused on the central, if not unique, feature of scholarship, his command of Greek patristics. The volume's lead essay, Michael McCormick's Diplomacy and the Carolingian Encounter with Byzantium Down to the Accession of Charles the Bald, documents extensive contacts between the Franks and the Byzantines before John the Scot first set foot on the European continent (p. 24). The late John Meyendorff's Remarks on Eastern Patristic Thought in John Scottus resuscitates the image of Eriugena as lonely, isolated genius (p. 66) whose work failed to bridge the gap between the Byzantine and Frankish intellectual communities. Willemien Otten's Eriugena's Periphyseon: A Carolingian Contribution to the Theological Tradition, also swims against the current of East-West encounter when she concludes that anthropological optimism roots him deeply in the Western, specifically Carolingian, tradition. Both J. C. Marler (Dialectical Use of Authority in the Periphyseon) and Giulio d'Onofrio (The Concordia of Augustine and Dionysius: Toward Hermeneutic of the Disagreement of Patristic Sources in John the Scot's Periphyseon) explore stance toward in theological discourse. Eriugena, according to Marler, inspired by Pseudo-Dionysius and by Maximus the Confessor, developed theory of auctoritas that saw Eriugena bend authority to reason in way that renews the influence of Plato in Latin Christianity (p. 108). D'Onofrio cautioned that Eriugena in his search for truth in the face of divergent authorities was not proposing a solution based on the autonomy of critical reason of an Abelardian type (p. 120). D'Onofrio, with Otten, views Eriugena in western, specifically Augustinian tradition of philosophical probabilism, but tradition that, in Eriugena at least, was enhanced by the Neoplatonic possibility ofsuprarational unification of the multiple and the particular (p. 129). Deirdre Carabine also reveals the multiple strands of Eastern and Western thought in Eriugena in Eriugena's Use of Symbolism of Light, Cloud, and Darkness in the Periphyseon. Carabine finds that Augustine's light-dominated imagery influenced the expression of thought, but that Pseudo-Dionysius and Gregory of Nyssa influenced the content of his thinking. …

The past and future of medieval studies. Edited by John Van Engen. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 4.) Pp. xi + 431 incl. 1 ill. Notre Dame-London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1994. $52.95. 0 268 03800 7

The past and future of medieval studies. Edited by John Van Engen. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 4.) Pp. xi + 431 incl. 1 ill. Notre Dame-London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1994. $52.95. 0 268 03800 7 - Volume 47 Issue 1

Charles M. Rosenberg, ed., Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy, 1200–1500. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 2.) Notre Dame and London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. Pp. vii, 231; 83 black-and-white figures following text. $39.95.

Charles M. Rosenberg, ed., Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy, 1200–1500. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 2.) Notre Dame and London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. Pp. vii, 231; 83 black-and-white figures following text. $39.95.

Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy: 1250–1500. Edited by Charles M. Rosenberg. Notre Dame Conference on Medieval Studies 2. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. v + 231 pp. $39.50.

Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy: 1250–1500. Edited by Charles M. Rosenberg. Notre Dame Conference on Medieval Studies 2. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. v + 231 pp. $39.50. - Volume 61 Issue 4

André Barbera, ed., Music Theory and Its Sources: Antiquity and the Middle Ages. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 1.) Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. Pp. xiv, 319; many black-and-white illustrations, charts, tables, musical examples. $49.95.

André Barbera, ed., Music Theory and Its Sources: Antiquity and the Middle Ages. (Notre Dame Conferences in Medieval Studies, 1.) Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990. Pp. xiv, 319; many black-and-white illustrations, charts, tables, musical examples. $49.95.

:Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy, 1250-1500

A series of papers delivered at a conference with the same name in 1988 at the University of Notre Dame. It considered the relationship between politics and the literary and visual arts. Political scientists and anthropologists focus on the institutions that express power relationships. The aim of the Notre Dame Conference was to consider the relationship between politics and the literary and visual arts. The visual arts considered in this volume range from the traditional fine arts categories of painting, sculpture and architecture to minor art objects such as medals, badges, banners and seals. In general terms, the study of politics denotes the study of power relationships. Within this larger framework political scientists and anthropologists have chosen to focus on the institutions and structures that express these relationships and/or the actions that are undertaken by individuals and groups to define, alter, or reinforce them.

Book review

Book review