Notion Of Trauma Research Articles

Filiations abortives : l’avortement dans la littérature française de l’extrême contemporain

ABSTRACT If abortion remains a taboo experience anchored—in social, political and media discourse—in the notion of trauma, French literature of the last decades offers increasingly diversified narratives on the question. Wishing to move away from the binaries that have always animated debates on abortion, several authors reveal a much more varied spectrum of reactions towards this experience, which can be contradictory or ambiguous, combining relief with loss. This article focuses on this more complex vision of abortion through the analysis of three literary works of the last decade: Dix-sept ans by Colombe Schneck (2015); Ligne de partage des eaux by Fabienne Swiatly (2011); and Il fallait que je vous le dise by Aude Mermilliod (2019). After reviewing the discourses circulating around abortion, the article demonstrates how, in these works written in the first person, abortion registers as completion incompletion, leaving its marks in the women who might feel a connection to their foetus. Finally, these texts make it possible to read, see, and imagine a mosaic of abortion experiences. This gives rise to filiations made through the experience of abortion, bringing together women who underwent it and put it into words, and encouraging others to share their stories.

Bilateral Grynfeltt lumbar hernia: a case report

IntroductionLumbar hernias are rare, with only 200–300 published cases listed in the literature. Two areas are described to have weakness points: the inferior lumbar triangle (Jean-Louis Petit triangle) and the superior lumbar triangle (Grynfeltt–Lesshaft triangle). Clinical diagnosis is confirmed by computed tomography and possibly by ultrasound or radiography. The surgeon must refine the clinical detection of this condition, as most patients do not have sufficient means to have a computed tomography scan performed, which remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Despite the different techniques recommended, the open route remains the most affordable in our environment.Case presentationThis case presents an 84-year-old black congolese patient consulted for bilateral swellings of the lumbar regions. The patient was married and in the farming profession for several years. The patient had no notion of trauma or fever and no notion of vomiting or stopping of materials and gases. The lumbar region presented with swellings that were ovoid, soft, painless, impulsive and expansive on coughing or hyperpressure, and non-pulsatile, measuring 9 × 7 cm in diameter (right) and 6 × 5 cm in diameter (left). Ultrasound performed of the upper costolumbal region revealed two lipomatous masses facing Grynfeltt’s quadrilateral with a 1.5 cm hole on either side. The diagnosis of bilateral Grynfeltt hernia was made, and herniorrhaphy was indicated.ConclusionGrynfeltt–Lesshaft hernia is a rare surgical condition caused by congenital or acquired etiology. A lower back pain or a pain point localized on the hernia in addition to a lumbar mass that reduces when lying down suggests the diagnosis of lumbar hernia.

Acquired hemophilia A following COVID-19 vaccine: a case report

BackgroundIn the literature, reported cases of Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) induced by COVID-19 vaccination occurred after Adenoviral Vector Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- and SARS-CoV-2 Messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-Based vaccines. Here, and to the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of AHA occurring after an inactivated Sinovac-coronavac COVID-19 vaccine.Case presentationA 69-year-old Tunisian male patient consulted for severe left leg pain limiting physical mobility due to a 5*6 cm large ecchymosis located at the left inner thigh, having spontaneously appeared 5 days prior consultation and without notion of trauma. The patient had no known personal medical history. He had received the second dose of CoronaVac-SinoVac vaccine 30 days prior to consultation. Further physical examination revealed the presence of two other ecchymoses: one at the inner face of the right forearm, starting at the wrist reaching the elbow and the other at the left flank of the abdomen. Diagnosis of AHA was based on clinical presentation and confirmed with prolonged a PTT, Factor VIII deficiency and the presence of an FVIII inhibitor. The patient was successfully treated with corticosteroids and low dose Rituximab.ConclusionClinicians should consider AHA in front of prolonged aPTT with or without spontaneous bleedings even after inactivated virus COVID-19.

Interest of Dermoscopy for the Diagnosis of Onychopathy in an Infant

Aim: Onychomycosis is a rare pathology in infants which constitutes 15.5% of onychodystrophies in children, especially those with Down syndrome and the immunocompromised. Dermosocpy is an innocuous examination allowing to guide the clinical diagnosis and to avoid invasive examinations.
 Presentation of Case: 5-month-old infant presents with thickening of the thumbnail of the left hand with xanthonychia evolving for 20 days without notion of trauma. On clinical examination, xantho-pachyonychia of the thumbnail of the left hand was noted reaching the latero-distal part with subungual hyperkeratosis and peronyxis. Dermoscopy showed yellowish chromonychia, longitudinal striae, subungual hyperkeratosis with jagged edges. The mycological direct examination and culture was in favor of a Candida albicans infection The patient was put on an antifungal cream with improvement after 3 months.
 Discussion: The rarity of onychomycosis in infants can be attributed to several factors such as the difference in the structure of the nail plate, less exposure to trauma and rapidity of nail regrowth. The average age is 8 months, the sex ratio at 0.98 and the preferential location is the fingernails. Clinically the nail involvement is of the disto-lateral type with subungual hyperkeratosis and peronyxis. Dermatoscopy is a quick tool showing chromonychia, longitudinal streaks, subungual hyperkeratosis producing a “ruined appearance”, distal onycholysis with jagged edges and linear hemorrhages. Infant onychomycosis is most often of candidal origin (C. albicans). Topical antifungals (ciclopirox) are preferred.
 Conclusion: This case is being reported to highlight the important role of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of onychomycosis and thus prevent unnecessary biopsies.

Anterior cervical hypertrichosis: A rare location

We report the case of a twelve-year-old male who presented with isolated anterior cervical hypertrichosis persistent since birth. No notion of trauma or local inflammation or the use of a topical treatment was noted. The patient had no other clinical symptoms and no similar family history. A clinical examination found a tuft of hair, approx. 6 × 3 cm in size, at the level of the mid-neck region, consisting of fine, brown hairs, 3 cm in length (Fig. 1a), with a dermoscopic appearance showing terminal hair and fluffy hair without other associated signs. (Fig. 1b). The rest of the somatic examination was unremarkable. A laser hair removal treatment was offered to the patient with a good response.

Impacto do Trauma Relacional Precoce nos Processos Psíquicos em Famílias Vulneráveis: Implicações para o Tratamento de Crianças e Famílias

ABSTRACT Numerous works and clinical research conducted in various institutions have cast fresh light on the notion of trauma and have contributed to the emergence of the concept of early relational trauma. Early relational trauma is a form of trauma rendered complex by the multiplicity of its sources and its modes of expression. Its main features are often attachment and acting-out disturbances. In families where such trauma occurs, links could sometimes be perverted and form a narcissistic configuration. This mode of functioning, organized around negativity, impacts the plurality of psychic processes and interferes with the treatment approaches of multidisciplinary teams. In order to promote a multifocal approach to care tailored to differences in situations, educational and socio-judicial practitioners.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum of the Breast: A Rare Location of Neutrophilic Dermatoses

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare entity belonging to the neutrophilic dermatoses. It is an inflammatory dermatosis with a chronic evolution by relapses, often revealing an associated underlying disease. The location to the breast represents is unusual, poorly documented in the literature localization and whose diagnosis remains difficult to establish. We report the case of a 51-year-old female patient, with no particular pathological history, who presented for 4 months a painful ulceration of the left breast, of centrifugal extension measuring 9 cm of the great axis, with a hemorrhagic base, well limited by an inflammatory violaceous border with no other localizations and no notion of trauma. A skin biopsy revealed a dermal neutropilic infiltrate. The patient was given oral corticosteroid therapy at a dose of 0.5mg/Kg/day coupled with topical corticosteroids. The results were satisfying: the ulcer gradually healed and the pain reduced. Pyoderma gangrenosum is a poorly understood clinical entity, classically presenting with inflammatory and painful skin ulcerations. It may occur in a post-surgical or post-traumatic context defining the phenomenon of pathergy described in neutrophilic dermatoses. Treatment is mainly based on topical corticosteroids or in severe cases oral immunosuppressants and the treatment of the underlying pathology.

Fantastyka naukowa i trauma: konstelacje w powieści Solaris Stanisława Lema

The paper offers a new reading of Stanisław Lem’s most popular novel Solaris. The text is interpreted as a literary representation of trauma. The notion of trauma is understood in two ways. On the one hand, it refers to the tradition of the gothic novel and its staging of the uncanny which causes disbelief in the reality. In Lem’s Solaris this complexity is transferred into the context of science fiction. On the other hand, trauma is a key motif in the novel and indicates the past experiences or the present states of mind the protagonists have not come to terms with. The aim of this article is to explain how science fiction serves as a literary disguise for the representation of those traumatic experiences which cannot be handled on the ground of traditional psychoanalytical strategies for overcoming trauma. Solaris thus undermines basic assumptions of psychoanalysis. However, the novel is not a mere illustration of theoretical concepts or a work based upon Lem’s own personal wartime experiences in Lwów, though his biographical background may have influenced the writer’s depiction of the situation on the Solaris station. The novel should rather be treated as a critical assessment of the contemporary technological civilisation, which enables man to conquer the cosmos but is also guilt-ridden and burdened with a past, still haunting the protagonists even in the depths of the universe.

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum Revealing Asthma: The Macklin Effect

Pneumomediastinum is defined by the presence of air in the mediastinum, which may be either secondary to trauma, pneumothorax or perforation of the airways, or spontaneous. We report the case of a 28-year-old female patient with pneumomediastinum revealing asthma in acute exacerbation. The patient wasn’t known to be asthmatic or to have an atopic background, no history of surgery, nor any notion of trauma, or recent iatrogeny. She presented with sudden onset of tachypnea associated with chest tightness and productive cough with greenish sputum. Auscultation of her chest revealed audible sibilant rales with the presence of subcutaneous emphysema. Chest radiograph objectivated an aeric border along the edge of the cardiac silhouette associated with subcutaneous hyperclarity of the cervical region. The thoracic CT scan confirmed the presence of a diffuse moderate pneumomediastinum. The patient was put under nasal oxygen, nebulized Ventolin and given intravenous corticosteroid therapy. The patient evolved favorably within three days marked by clinical improvement, the persistence of discrete sibilant rales at the apexes, as well as subcutaneous emphysema in regression after oxygen therapy and conventional medical treatment.

Fatigue Fracture of the Femur Neck: A Case Report and Literature Review

Fatigue fractures are fractures that occur on a healthy bone following a rather intense and unusual activity. The diagnosis is based on anamnestic data (no notion of trauma), clinical data (especially pain, with poor clinical examination in general), and radiological data (the standard radiography allows in general to make the diagnosis, however, the use of other additional examinations such as ultrasound, MRI or scintigraphy may be necessary. The treatment of fatigue fractures is mainly functional and medical, but some cases require surgical treatment. The evolution of these fractures is generally satisfactory; however, complications are not uncommon, which can compromise the functional prognosis.

Non-traumatic cauda equina syndrome in adults. What etiology? About 76 cases.

Cauda equina syndrome is a rare neurological disease caused by compression of the cauda equina. The ponytail consists of the spinal nerves L2-L5, S1-S5 and the coccygeal nerve. We carried out a retroprospective study over a period of two years (24 months), ranging from January 01, 2020 to December 31, 2021 from the files of patients referred for lombosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT scan exploration in the context of low back pain or sciatica resistant to disabling medical treatment, neurological deficit of the lower limbs associated or not with the bladder and / or rectal sphincter disorders, without any notion of trauma, with as judgment criterion the demonstration of an anomaly responsible for compression of the roots of the ponytail. We collected seventy-six (76) patients, with an average age of 53.5 years old and as extremes ages 15 years and 89 years. We noted a female predominance with a sex ratio of 1.5 in favor of female sex. The most of patients were axplored with MRI, in 89 % of cases. Our patient history was dominated by cancer pathologies, with breast cancer in 24% of cases and prostatic cancer in 18% of cases. The symptomatology presented by the patients was mainly represented by sphencteric disorders in 47% of cases and lumboscialitica in 28% of cases. The conflicting disc herniation dominated the etiologies in 36 % of cases followed by secondary vertebral neoplasic lesions in 20% of cases . MRI and CT scans are very important radiological modalities in characterizing lesions responsible for cauda equina syndrome in adults. The CT scan is effective in the study of bone and the MRI in the study of nerve roots, intervertebral discs and paravertebral soft tissues.

Blasted 1999 : Sarah Kane's body against the archive

The body-archive category in Polish Theatre and Performance Studies is articulated as an emancipatory tool with the potential to reclaim the history of marginalised, oppressed, and silenced groups not represented in the archive, but as I claim, it still subsumes the body under the power of identity and meaning it gains through history. Looking at one of the most important 'dead bodies' in the archive of Polish contemporary theatre – Sarah Kane's body – and the way it was present and presented to the Polish viewers, I ask if the other model of the relation between body and history is possible. I find it through the notion of trauma and plasticity inscribed in Kane's text and realised on the Polish stage in the 1999 production of Blasted. Reading the remains of the performance I ask how it can be read in the context of Polish political transition and how it reflects the meaning of Kane's 'new brutalism' in Polish 1990s.

Psychological and Cultural Treatment of Traumatized Subject(s): Reading Laleh Khadivi’s The Walking in Terms of Theories of Trauma

The present study aims to scrutinize the concept of trauma in Laleh khadivi’s work entitled, The Walking. The objective of the study is to examine how Khadivi’s work can be read through theories of trauma. The Freudian notion of trauma focuses on the remaining psychological wounds on subjects’ identity while Alexander’s concept, cultural trauma, concentrates on the cultural outcome of a horrendous event at the collective level. Traumas are not solely private psychological experiences and are restricted to one solitude individual as they can expose themselves as collective experiences. Literary works are valuable properties picturing the results and outcomes of trauma both at its individual and collective level. In the current paper, concepts related to traumas will be defined to examine the characters in Khadivi’s novel. The novel provides a set of chronological events that happened to a minority group during the Iranian revolution. The author chooses her characters of Iranians of Kurdish immigrants. The Walking, reminds us of events happening during 1976 in Iran, after The Islamic Revolution. The article will delineate that characters are psychologically traumatized after the revolution in Iran as well as experiencing cultural trauma during the twentieth century.

Brachial plexus palsy secondary to axillary artery pseudoaneurysm

There are many etiologies of brachial plexus paralysis. They are dominated in adults by blunt trauma and wounds. We report the case of a 44-year-old patient who presented for a consultation with paralysis of the upper left limb that had progressed for four months. without any notion of trauma. The etiological assessment revealed a compressive pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery secondary to Behcet’s disease. The revealing mode and the rarity of this etiology prompted us to report this interesting observation.

Trauma in child psychotherapy: some thoughts around a concept

ABSTRACT This paper offers an exploration of the notion of trauma, viewing it as an ‘elastic’ concept that has changed over time within psychoanalytic theory, including in child psychotherapy. There is an argument for a multi-faceted, developmental, individual way of viewing trauma, taking into account contemporary knowledge about psychic trauma while at the same time not losing sight of some psychoanalytic ideas that were central in the formation of the term. This paper argues for the importance of reclaiming and holding onto certain Freudian elements of what trauma means, including the idea that structural/ontological trauma in the course of human life is necessary and developmentally important, and is differentiated from historical trauma, which is linked to a particular event. These different ways of thinking about trauma are explored through presenting the work of French child psychoanalyst Françoise Dolto.

Primary patella tuberculosis mimicking pre-patellar bursitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction and importanceThe Patella is very rare site for tuberculosis (TB). The knee is the third most common site for skeletal TB. The incidence of patella TB being 0.09 to 0.15%.Case presentationWe report a case of primary tuberculous osteitis isolated from the patella. The complaint was a mixed knee pain without notion of trauma. The CT showed a large osteolysis of the upper half of the patella. The diagnosis was established on the histological study after biopsy. The patient was operated by a medial approach without arthrotomy and the pathological tissue was resected and curetted. Complementary anti-bacillary antibiotic treatment was administered for 12 months. At the last clinical control, the knee was free and painless, and we had no recurrence.Clinical discussionAitken reported the first case in literature in 1933. The initial signs and symptoms are non-specific and sometimes confounded by a coincidental history of trauma. It is difficult to diagnose TB of patella in early stages because there are no constitutional symptoms. Sometimes serological parameters are inconclusive. CT scan can help if the osteolysis contained a central bone sequestration, bordered by peripheral sclerosis. Confirmation of patellar tuberculosis is made on biopsy.ConclusionThe tuberculous localization in the patella is rare and it can pose a problem of differential diagnosis with other affections, in particular infectious and tumors. It should always be kept in mind, especially in the face of a picture of pre-patellar bursitis which progresses slowly and whose biological inflammatory syndrome is not straightforward.

From Psychoanalysis to Cultural Trauma: Narrating Legacies of Collective Suffering

ABSTRACT This paper aims to offer both an interpretation and a critique of the epistemological foundations underlying one of the most recent approaches to trauma studies: cultural trauma theory. After the First World War, the founding father of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, inquired into whether his diagnostic of “traumatic neurosis” could shed light on how collectives deal with unsettling experiences and memories. Throughout the intervening decades, Freud´s insights into collective trauma have attracted the interest of scholars from various disciplines within the humanities and social sciences, from literary studies to historiography, memory studies, and, finally – the focus of this paper – cultural and social theory. By underlining the ways in which the proponents of cultural trauma theory – Jeffrey Alexander, Neil Smelzer, Piotr Sztompka, Bernhard Giesen, and Ron Eyerman – have reframed Freudian ideas regarding the transmission of legacies of collective suffering, the paper considers whether the notion of trauma can be extended to the analysis of cultures and societies. It explores the ambivalent relationship between psychoanalysis and contemporary cultural trauma theory to disclose the theoretical assumptions and weaknesses of the latter.

Rethinking collective trauma in the 20th century: Memory, victimhood and the temporality of the Spanish Civil War

This paper aims to address the conceptual and ethical problems that arise when scholars of contemporary European history resort to the notion of collective trauma. Different historical works on the reconstruction of Europe in the second half of the 20th century have relied on the notion of trauma to grasp the evolution of the memory of violence. More specifically, however, this paper focuses on the problems that arise from defining the Spanish Civil War as a collective trauma by examining the antagonistic ways in which the traumas derived from this conflict have been embodied.

TRANSLATING THE PSYCHOANALYSIS OF ORIGINS

Nicolas Abraham’s “Introducing Thalassa” contributed to the revival of Sàndor Ferenczi’s ideas in France from the 1960s and initiated a transformation in his own psychoanalytic thinking as the thalassal argument was brought into a new context. This article argues that Abraham’s work provides a pathway to not only remember, but also revitalise Ferenczi’s notion of trauma and its inscription in biological processes from events that have happened is species pre-history as well as personal history. Abraham rethinks this “biological unconscious” through a unique conception of the symbol that is inherently unstable and always responding anew to trauma it also continually reformulates. This allows us to understand the body in different terms, away from a series of biological processes to which psyche can be reduced, towards a notion of the somatic that is eloquent and unpredictable and must be translated by the psyche and any apprehending discourse. This transformation made the body relevant once more in a French context that was suspicious of its blanket positing as the cause of psychical processes. Situating the origins of subjectivity in the somatic ever-displaces causal processes in the body so that we can never quite grasp these and must search for them across different, although related, levels of meaning. The search for origins is essential but never satisfactory hence my use of translation as a frame for understanding Abraham’s work; a process that is always unfinished and invites further response.

In the beginning was violence: Emmanuel Levinas on religion and violence

It is the aim of this contribution to question the two conceptions of violence in the later Levinas. One of the face, the other the violence that must be overcome by the face. The article argues that this cannot be understood fully without taking into account Levinas’ Talmudic philosophy. By focusing on the notion of trauma in the later work of Levinas, it is argued that Levinas’ idea of the human subject is understood as radical vulnerability. This idea is evaluated on the basis of short comparisons with the thinking of Lacan, Žižek and Camus. The claim is made that to Levinas, violence is not a phenomenon to be eliminated by rational ethics, but one that forms the very notion of humanity itself. This is elaborated by showing how the Bible takes on a central role in Levinas’ thought.