Notion Of Participation Research Articles

Ça a l’air synthétique bonjour hi

Coming from different artistic and cultural backgrounds in theatre, dance, and media arts, Burcu Emeç, Michael Martini, Nien Tzu Weng, and Roxa Hy zoom in on labour, constructed intimacy, and consent within participation in their transdisciplinary performance Ça a l’air synéthique bonjour hi. Considering the notion of participation in its broadest sense—such as in a community, an economy, and politics—what factors can encourage, discourage, or limit it? In order to explore these factors, the four artists turn to the model of a participatory performance. Realizing that many experiences of participatory art contain troubling, awkward, and often non-consensual elements, they interrogate how this form of performance can offer a parallel to larger questions about participation in an economic and political system.

Participation as “attingere” and Saint Thomas’ commentary on John 6:57

Saint Thomas Aquinas’ notion of participation is developed by Cornelio Fabro with the notion of ‘attingere’. In this essay I address the importance of ‘participare’ as attingere by uncovering it in Aquinas’ commentary on John 6:57. I introduce the notion of supernatural participation of grace and Fabro’s development of the notions of ‘attingere’ as ‘partecipare per similitudinem’ and ‘partecipare per operationem’ for a fuller understanding of the notion of participation that Fabro holds to be so essential. Afterwards we will see a concrete example in the uncovering of said notions in the Angelic Doctor’s commentary on a central verse of the Bread of Life discourse. Thus, we will be able to see both (a) the importance of the notion of ‘participare’ and ‘attingere’ in Saint Thomas’ work, and (b) have a more profound understanding of a key aspect of the thought of the Doctor Communis on grace and the Eucharist.

The Principle of Causality and the Notion of Participation: Deepening into Fabro’s Defense of this Principle

The Principle of Causality and the Notion of Participation: Deepening into Fabro’s Defense of this Principle

Tools or Tokenism? Participative Design Strategies in the International Laboratory for Architecture & Urban Design (1976-1978)

This paper compares three projects presented at the International Laboratory for Architecture & Urban Design (ILA&UD, 1976-2015) that focused on increasing user participation. ILA&UD was an experimental educational platform that uniquely operated in the crevices of architecture, urban design, and planning. Established by Giancarlo de Carlo in 1976, it was one of many networks emerging in Europe centered on urban form after the post-war reconstruction period. This paper focuses on the formative ILA&UD years (1976-1978), in which the notions of participation and reuse were central. ILA&UD is a discursive site to study debates on participation before they even involved the “user” and before they were carved in stone. By contrasting De Carlo’s studio briefs with three illustrative urban design projects presented by participants from KU Leuven, MIT and ETH Zürich, this paper aims to highlight that the ongoing search for urban design tools and methodologies was indecisively teetering between autonomous and heteronomous approaches to urban form. The three projects explore a range of attitudes, from confirming the power of inhabitation to designing with users. By focusing on ambivalences in the discourse, the paper hopes to nuance the dominant perception that participation entailed, as Kenny Cupers observed, “a straightforward course of empowerment for those involved.”

Complexity in Postmigrant Narratives of I-Docs

What epistemological potential do participatory organized web documentaries offer in comparison to 'conventional' documentaries? Does a closer analysis reveal differences between different participatory approaches? And what role does the construction of complexity play in terms of emancipatory effects? These are the initial questions of my contribution which deals with an epistemology of participatory web documentaries in relation to the construction of complex knowledge worlds. It starts with a theoretical deconstruction of different notions of participation and their application in web documentaries. In doing so, the constructed frames of reference and narratives, the functioning of the developed self-designs as well as the negotiation processes of design are also examined with respect to their epistemological potential. Still, the concept of participation calls for differentiation and clarification in general and its use in individual cases; all too often the term "participation" has been used vaguely and turned into an umbrella term under which medial interactivity and participation, social and political participation, and cultural perception and recognition are conflated. It is precisely the equation of media participation with social and political participation that seems problematic here. From the perspective of a critique of dividuation inspired by Gilles Deleuze and presented for example by Michaela Ott, participation seems to make sense only if it critically reflects the passivization imposed by digital communication and the entanglement of individuals in a complex network of social, cultural, and technological references – hence also normalized, stereotypical patterns of perception and cognition. Ultimately, this requires an examination of antagonistic, polyphonic, multi-perspectival and multi-media, thus also media self-reflexive forms of expression on different levels, which must be negotiated in their interplay. In short, this requires an examination of the medial construction of relational forms of complexity, which is the prerequisite for participation to have an emancipatory effect at all. The paper will fathom this theoretical context by an analysis of paradigmatically selected participatory web documentaries, examining different forms of complexity with regard to their epistemological and emancipatory potential. Thus, I will argue for a methodological shift of perspective that leads from an analysis of works to an analysis of their processuality. This – in the end, makes it necessary to recognize that it is also a question of how the various notions of participation – ranging from strategies of voice-giving realized in web-documentaries to dimensions of engaged listening – can contribute in their own respect to the development of polyphonic, multifaceted perspectives and make doing documentary a medium for negotiating positions and a means for self-empowerment of the stakeholders involved in these processes.

Shirley A. White. Participatory Communication. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 1994.470 pp.Hardbound. Indian Rs 395.00.

This book is an extremely valuable addition to a very important topic concerning development issues at the grassroots level. It calls attention to the difficulties related to the participatory process in the absence of effective direct communication with the ultimate beneficiaries. It is divided in four parts. The first highlights the concept underlying the use of the word "participation", a buzz-word of recent times. The authors of the different articles in this part emphasise the need to change the current patterns of development which are completely non-participatory. They relate the failures of the participatory approach to misconceiving the notion as capable of a universal application in the developed and developing countries, without due regard to the absence of some very basic prerequisites in the latter countries. In other words, the assumptions underlying the theory of the participatory approach to development in the less developed countries are found lacking due to the very different and poor economic and socio-political infrastructures in these countries. Thus, the first four chapters suggest that unless the notion of participation is systematically extended to the national and international economic and political spheres, it would fail to be of much help beyond the rural development context.

Eliciting Looked After Children’s Views and Relationships Through Card-based Participatory Research Methods

This brief report discusses the usefulness of “ranking and ratings” cards in the context of participatory research with looked-after children. Within this research, we draw upon notions of participation as outlined in the UNCRC. We undertook participatory research to elicit the voices of looked after children, aged 6 to 11 years, who were involved in a school-based creative mentoring intervention. The researchers created a “ranking and ratings” card based upon the popular game “Top Trumps” to create familiarity and facilitate an examination of mentor-mentee relationships through focused conversations. We found that children’s interactions with the cards stimulated conversations which were open and detailed. This was of particular value for conducting participatory research with marginalized children who may not otherwise necessarily engage in research with an unfamiliar adult.

Sacrifice, Violence, and Eucharistic Theology

Abstract This article examines the moral implications of the Eucharist and its relationship to the love of God and one’s neighbour in the context of the violent treatment of suspected malefactors. It defends the sacrificial character of the Mass by arguing that the death of Jesus ushered in a new notion of participation in the love of God. It asserts that attempts to expunge the idea of sacrifice from the eucharistic rite overlook the vital link that joins Christians to Christ and unites them to each other. In imitation of Christ’s self-abnegation, the Christian must lay down her life for the other, never giving in to violent reprisals or hasty judgments about their motives. This benevolent attitude toward the other requires showing respect to the dignity and needs of each person. The principal purpose of eucharistic communion is to be reconciled with one’s neighbour and to become one body in Christ.

Complexity in Postmigrant Narratives of I-Docs

What epistemological potential do participatory organized web documentaries offer in comparison to 'conventional' documentaries? Does a closer analysis reveal differences between different participatory approaches? And what role does the construction of complexity play in terms of emancipatory effects? These are the initial questions of my contribution which deals with an epistemology of participatory web documentaries in relation to the construction of complex knowledge worlds. It starts with a theoretical deconstruction of different notions of participation and their application in web documentaries. In doing so, the constructed frames of reference and narratives, the functioning of the developed self-designs as well as the negotiation processes of design are also examined with respect to their epistemological potential. Still, the concept of participation calls for differentiation and clarification in general and its use in individual cases; all too often the term "participation" has been used vaguely and turned into an umbrella term under which medial interactivity and participation, social and political participation, and cultural perception and recognition are conflated. It is precisely the equation of media participation with social and political participation that seems problematic here. From the perspective of a critique of dividuation inspired by Gilles Deleuze and presented for example by Michaela Ott, participation seems to make sense only if it critically reflects the passivization imposed by digital communication and the entanglement of individuals in a complex network of social, cultural, and technological references – hence also normalized, stereotypical patterns of perception and cognition. Ultimately, this requires an examination of antagonistic, polyphonic, multi-perspectival and multi-media, thus also media self-reflexive forms of expression on different levels, which must be negotiated in their interplay. In short, such enganglements require an examination of the medial construction of relational forms of complexity, which is the prerequisite for participation to have an emancipatory effect at all. The paper will fathom this theoretical context by an analysis of paradigmatically selected participatory web documentaries, examining different forms of complexity with regard to their epistemological and emancipatory potential. Thus, I will argue for a methodological shift of perspective that leads from an analysis of works to an analysis of their processuality. This – in the end, makes it necessary to recognize that it is also a question of how the various notions of participation – ranging from strategies of voice-giving realized in web-documentaries to dimensions of engaged listening – can contribute in their own respect to the development of polyphonic, multifaceted perspectives and make doing documentary a medium for negotiating positions and a means for self-empowerment of the stakeholders involved in these processes.

Tourism and refugee-crisis intersections: co-creating tour guide experiences in Leeds, England

Forcibly displaced people like refugees and asylum-seekers can be socio-culturally integrated in receiving societies through tourism. Our poststructuralist approach to ethics explains this potential as we combine three concepts: Zygmunt Bauman’s “strangerhood”, Emmanuel Levinas’ “ethical responsibility”, and Jacques Derrida’s “hostipitality”. We draw on the initiative of a social enterprise in the English city of Leeds which encourages displaced people to contribute as tour-guides. During 2017 and 2019 we conducted in-depth individual and focus-group interviews with refugees, asylum-seekers, and public sector stakeholders to examine integration of displaced people via tourism. Findings highlight that contributing to the tourism sector, individual refugees and asylum-seekers are provided with a meaningful platform for self-representation moving beyond tokenistic notions of participation, and become co-creators of diverse and inclusive societies.

Complicity at a distance: commemorating problematic involvement in perpetration in contemporary Central and Eastern European literatures

Background: In the twenty-first century, literatures from Central and Eastern Europe are marked by a boom of documentary fiction portraying complicity Nazi perpetration, Soviet terror, or other instances of 20th century mass violence and totalitarianism. Since understanding the past serves requirements of the present, the boom prompts the question: Why the interest in past complicities now? My hypothesis is that the texts address convergences between involvements in past acts of mass violence and current forms of participation in wrongdoings in neoliberalism. While these issues differ profoundly, they are related: structurally, both present the challenge of forming a nuanced notion of participation. Historically, they are related since justifications of past involvements have established the terminology, narratives, and heuristics in which terror, repression, and mass violence are subsequently discussed, thus forming the frame for negotiating current problematic involvements. Method: Critical discourse analysis is used to scrutinize the legal concept of complicity and combined it with close readings of passages from four literary texts to outline how attention to reciprocity in language can enhance our understanding of problematic involvement. Results: Literary portrayals of historical complicity are ambivalent; they can help to find models for comprehending issues of the present in cultural memory, but they can also serve to establish distance between present and past to appease the sense that all is not quite well, even after the demise of Nazi and Soviet terror. The article outlines two modes of distancing: a) spacio-temporal distancing of the commemorating point of view in ‘the West’ from the portrayed violence in ‘the East’, and b) moral distancing that casts the audience as superior to complicit characters. Conclusion: By pressing for analytic or consoling distance, both strategies of distancing amount to a complicity with the transmission of discourses that justify, excuse, or deny mass violence and totalitarian terror.

Collaborative Design as a Context for Teacher and Researcher Learning: Introduction to the Special Issue

This special issue joins the recent but growing effort to expand knowledge in the learning sciences, by examining the notion of participation in teacher-researcher collaborative design (co-design). Co-design is not just a means to an end; it is a context where professional learning happens. Each of the seven papers describes teacher-researcher collaborations focusing on the professional learning of both teachers and researchers engaged in jointly designing learning environments. Central questions of interest are: What do teachers and researchers learn from each other, how, and why? What kinds of activities and opportunities support what kinds of learning and for whom? What can we learn from these collaborations about how to support these partnerships? The commentary addresses the importance of both multiple perspectives (alterity, meaning that the researcher and teacher perspectives are distinct), their affinity (common purpose), and the mutuality that these entail.

Expor e proteger: reflexões sobre práticas científicas experimentais a partir de um estudo de caso

Abstract Based on ethnographic research, the article reflects on experimental surgical practices related to the development of ventricular assist devices (the so-called ‘artificial heart’). Focusing on the relationships between animal models and the numerous professionals involved in the experiment, the hypothesis of this article pinpoints the unavoidable game of exposing and protecting all the agents who establish relationships therein, as a condition for understanding and innovating on legitimate grounds. This game, ethnographically followed step by step, meets both scientific and ethical imperatives. The reflection leads us to consider, among other things, the sensitive, decisive character of otherness regarding experimental animals in the course of the experiments. According to the aforementioned hypothesis, this is when notions of participation and disparticipation in the game of otherness with these animal models seem to clarify the economy, simultaneously affective and intelligible, put into practice in the relationships performed therein.

The Semantics of Participation in the Russian Language as a Reflection of the Cultural Universal «Own/Foreign» Concept and the «West/East» Opposition

This paper deals with the issues of an important ethnic trait through the reflection in the Russian language and in the speech behavior of native speakers. This trait is focused around the need for actualization of «participation» or complicity in speech and social behavior as an invisible connection established in the inner world of the subject of the relationship of participation with other persons, animals, objects, spatial and social objects and even eras and ideas. The developed semantics of participation in the Russian language reflects the cultural universal concept of «own/foreign». L. Levy-Bruhl studied one member of that opposition theoretically and on the basis of extensive empirical material created the anthropological theory of participation. Russian linguists V. V. Ivanov, Yu. D. Apresyan, V. S. Khrakovsky and A. P. Volodin, I. I. Kovtunova studied concepts associated with the notion of participation in the mid‑1980s using the material of Russian deixis and the category of possessiveness. In the Russian language, the semantics of participation is expressed by various linguistic means: the means of verbal and pronominal deixis, diminutives, possessive syntactic constructions and affixes, words with the semantics of emotional attitude and assistance

A Straighter Kind of Hip

Abstract This article recovers Resource One, an “alternative” computer-resource center founded in San Francisco in 1971 and celebrated by Whole Earth Catalog–founder Stewart Brand as a “counter-computer” initiative in his 1972 Rolling Stone article “Spacewar: Fanatic Life and Symbolic Death Among the Computer Bums.” Departing from the usual mythologizing of personal computing often linked to Brand's rhetoric of “access to tools,” this reading re-situates Resource One in the urban commune where it was located, Project One. Optic Nerve's video documentary about the communards' life there, Project One (1972), serves as both archive and interpretation of the commune, helping to demonstrate the economic and political utility of the ambivalence harbored within the notion of participation and the ethos of do-it-yourself. The essay ties the logic of participation to the emergence of a new topology of material and informatic domains as well as to novel configurations of home and work. It does so to trace forms of subjectivity that were then being forged through computerization in the service of a postindustrial economy.

Citizen Participation, Associations, and Conflict: The Transformation of Valparaíso’s Former Prison

After a long period of dictatorship in Latin America, the quality and deepening of democracy have been associated with citizen participation. This article examines the social uses of the notion of participation beyond an exclusively institutional dimension. Starting from the example of the transformation of Valparaíso’s former prison into a cultural space, initiated in 1999, this article studies participation in light of the fluctuating relationships to politics that different actors maintain. It examines how the former prison was transformed into a cause as part of a broader response to a neoliberal urban project and top-down practices. Further, this work analyzes the diverse experiences of commitment among the artists occupying the former prison, highlighting the tensions and dilemmas associated with the exercise of politics in a conflictual context.

Building an Engaged Himalayan Sustainability Science

The Himalayan region is facing a new crisis under climate change, rapid economic transformation, and escalating geopolitical tensions. A large body of Himalayan sciences has endeavored to understand this challenge but has failed to engage meaningfully with the local people and policymakers. I argue for a new engaged Himalayan sustainability science that not only understands and interprets the emerging challenges but also strengthens societal capability.

THE ROLE OF PARTICIPATION, DISCLOSURE, AND TRANSPARENCY IN THE GOVERNMENT BUDGET

Purpose: This study aims to highlight the concept of public budget to become acquainted with the notion of participation. We also try to clarify the role of social organizations in the general budget and Shed light on the role of the State in the disclosure and transparency of public funds.
 Methodology: Practically, the study depends on a questionnaire prepared statistically to analyze Financial Statements of the General Budget for three frequent years (2015, 2016, and 2017).
 Main Findings: The aftereffects of the monetary and measurable examination show that there is no straightforwardness and exposure by the legislature during its distribution of the general financial plan of the last and last records. In addition, incomprehensiveness of the financial plan by a proper measure of straightforwardness and divulgence, the Ministry of Finance reports incorporate information and disaggregated information on government consumption, open obligation, and how to cover inability.
 Application of Study: The best application of this research is to regulate and manage the government's economic resources and public budget, and how to spend and deal with them in appropriate ways in accordance with the regulations and instructions for providing services to the people.
 Novelty/Originality: The significance of the exploration exists in keeping up the job of individual and the general public and their degree of cooperation in the strategy-making process. In other words, the issue of the examination lies without the cooperation of residents and social associations in the arrangement and execution of the general financial plan.

Participation in God: A Study in Christian Doctrine and Metaphysics by Andrew Davison

Reviewed by: Participation in God: A Study in Christian Doctrine and Metaphysics by Andrew Davison Rudi Te Velde Participation in God: A Study in Christian Doctrine and Metaphysics. By Andrew Davison. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Pp. xii + 423. $34.99 (paper). ISBN: 978-1-1087-0404-5. This wonderful book is the fruit of the growing interest among theologians in the notion of participation and the participatory way of thought, not only as found in an exemplary way in the thought of Thomas Aquinas, but more broadly as characteristic of a Christian (biblical and patristic) understanding of God’s creative and saving presence in the world. It is a form of theology that dares to speak freely in a metaphysical register without feeling cornered somehow by the secular presuppositions of modern philosophy. The book shows signs of being influenced by the Radical Orthodoxy movement, with its predilection for Platonic participation. Even though the book does not assume that movement’s full force of a critical and polemical stance towards modern secular culture, it does oppose modern varieties of nominalism, with its individualist ontology, voluntarism, and the modern split between the human subject and the world. The general approach is positive, aiming at setting out a broad Christian vision of the world that has the notion of participation at its heart. The book’s closest parallel, explicitly mentioned as a source of inspiration, [End Page 326] is Hans Boersma’s Heavenly Participation (2011), which has introduced many readers to a participatory account of theology. The author proves himself to be an excellent teacher who in a clear and simple language draws a persuasive and well-informed picture of the Christian participatory view of the world in its relation to God. To the author, participation means first and foremost that the world is approached in terms of sharing and receiving, or of communion. The spirit of participation is recognizable, for instance, in the question posed by the apostle Paul: “What have you got that you did not receive?” (1 Cor 4:7). The double message of participation is that a creature is nothing apart from God’s gift, while at the same time, by God’s gift, it truly exists and has being. The book’s subtitle is “A Study in Christian Doctrine and Metaphysics.” The perspective may be called distinctively theological, even in the sense that the relevant sources used to elaborate the participatory way of thought include biblical texts. The author acknowledges that Plato is the philosophical father of participatory thinking, and that the presence of participation in the writings of the Church Fathers (not least Gregory of Nyssa, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, and in the Latin west, Augustine) is due to the comprehensive influence of Platonist metaphysics in the period of late Antiquity. The most prominent source in this book is, undoubtedly, Thomas Aquinas, “the master of the participatory perspective” (7). The author does not intend his book to be a scholarly study about participation in Aquinas; nonetheless it is Aquinas with his broad and consistent participatory vision in the whole of theology who provides the author’s main point of reference. The book is divided into four parts. The first part—“Participation and Causation”—treats of creation, the notion that everything comes from and depends upon God. Creation is approached from the angle of the Aristotelian four causes: God is the efficient cause, the creative agent by which everything is made; he is the (extrinsic) formal cause in the sense that creatures are made “after God’s likeness” and have a characteristic form corresponding with the idea in God; he is the final cause in the sense that creatures are made for the sake of God and have their fulfilment in God; and God is not the matter out of which things are made, but rather creatures are made out of nothing (ex nihilo). In this way, the author describes a threefold pattern of God’s creative causality, which is then linked explicitly with the Trinitarian life in God which is the exemplary model of participatory relatedness and communion. Part 2 is devoted to language—“The Language of Participation and Language as Participation.” It begins...

Politics of Participation in Design Research: Learning from Participatory Art

In design research, critique has recently been voiced against the multiple ways the notion of participation is understood and practiced. Studies of performativity and performance art have been used to account for this methodological multiplicity. However, in this article, we argue that participation still has much to offer design research as a foundational concept, but that a more nuanced understanding is required. Further, we offer such an understanding by presenting three theories and methodologies from participatory art. The value of participatory art for design research will then be exemplified by a practice-based design research project exploring forms of patient democracy.