Notch Diameter Research Articles

Response and Fracture of EMT Carbon Steel Round-Hole Tubes with Different Hole Orientations and Different Hole Diameters under Cyclic Bending

This paper aims to investigate the response and fracture of EMT carbon steel round-hole tubes (EMT carbon steel RHTs) under cyclic bending loads. The study considers four different hole orientations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) and five distinct hole diameters (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm). The results reveal that hole orientation and diameter exert a minimal impact on the moment-curvature relationship, leading to the formation of stable loops. The ovalization-curvature graphs demonstrate a trend of asymmetry, serration, and growth with an increasing number of bending cycles. Additionally, larger hole orientations or smaller notch diameters result in reduced ovalization. Furthermore, the double logarithmic coordinates of the controlled curvature–number of cycles required to induce fracture reveal five parallel lines for different hole diameters when the hole orientation is fixed. Finally, in adopting the formulas for smooth tubes and for 6061-T6 aluminum alloy round-hole tubes (6061 aluminum alloy RHTs), this study adjusts the related material parameters. These modifications effectively describe the controlled curvature–number of cycles required to induce fracture for EMT carbon steel RHTs with different hole orientations and diameters under cyclic bending, demonstrating reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

Influence of arch shaped notch angle, length and opening on the failure mechanism of rock like material and acoustic emission properties: Experimental test and numerical simulation

The uniaxial compressive failure mechanism of rock like specimens with arched shaped notches was studied experimentally and numerically considering the effects of cracks’ properties on the mechanical behavior of the rocks. The rock like material specimens were provided in laboratory in form of cubes with dimensions of 150 mm × 150 mm × 50 mm containing one arch shaped notch at the center of the specimen where, the notch diameter was changed as 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm. the notch apperture was also varied as 2 mm. 4 mm and 6 mm. The axisymetric axis of the arched notch made angles changed from 0° to 90° by increasing the 15°. In this research 63 different models of the compression tests were made by the two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC2D). The experimental tests and their numerical simulations performed simultaneously to compare them for the arch shaped notch tests under compression. The results of these analyses revealed that the geometric characteristics of the arch shape notch such as the notch diameter, angle and its opening (aperture) governe the failure process of the models and tests under compressive loading conditions. It is also shown that the failure mechanisms of the arch shaped notches and their fracture modes are associated with the compressive strengths of the testing samples. The changes in notch diameter, notch angle and notch opening may make some significant changes in AE hits during the failure process of the specimens. The AE hits grow rapidly after the loading process and before the peak load. Any stress drop may be detected by changes in AE hits during the test. It is concluded that the fracture pattern and failure of the experimental tests and their corresponding numerical simulations are similar to one another which verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed approaches in this research.

Research on Bionic Fish Scale Channel for Optimizing Thermal Performance of Liquid Cooling Battery Thermal Management System

Liquid cooling battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are prevalently used in electric vehicles (EVs). With the use of fast charging and high-power cells, there is an increasing demand on thermal performance. In this context, a bionic fish scale (BFS) channel structure optimization design method is proposed to optimize the thermal performance. The effects of different structural parameters of the liquid cooling plate in BTMS on its cooling performance, including BFS notch diameter (D), BFS notch depth (H), and BFS notch spacing (S), are investigated. To minimize the maximum temperature (Tmax) and the maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) as optimization indicators, experimental tests and numerical calculations are performed for a battery pack consisting of 36 square cells. Sixteen sets of thermal performance are discussed for different structural parameters in the transient thermal fluid simulation by using orthogonal tests. Under the optimal structural parameters, Tmax decreases by 1.61 °C (10.8%) and ΔTmax decreases by 0.43 °C (16.7%). In addition, the maximum increase in outlet flow velocity is 2.72% and the pressure is reduced by 4.98%. Therefore, the proposed BTMS will have effective cooling performance in high-power dissipation.

A Morphometric and Morphological Analysis of Superior Border of Dry Scapulae

Aim: The recognition of the scapula anatomy and visible variations is important in surgical treatments and arthroscopic procedures in case of any diseases of the shoulder. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of the scapular notch on the superior margin are very important. Because compression of the suprascapular nerve extending inside the scapular notch causes entrapment neuropathy. Therefore, the present study was planned in order to contribute to us as well as practitioners about morphometric and morphological characteristics of the superior margin of the scapula.Materials and Methods: Morphometric measurements (SL: scapula length; SW: scapula width; SI: scapula index; STD: superior transverse diameter of the scapular notch; MTD: medial transverse diameter of the scapular notch; VD: vertical diameter) were performed on 90 (50 left; 40 right) scapulae of Turkish population without unknown age and gender. Furthermore, the superior scapular margin and the scapular notch were categorized through observational classification as well as measurement. Results: The mean scapular width was detected 98.87±7.71 mm on the right and 94.38±13.01 mm on the left. The scapula index was measured 67.51±4.40 mm on the right and 63.80±8.29 mm on the left. The SL, STD, and VT was larger on the left; the SW, SI, and MTD were larger on the right. The difference between right and left for the SW and SI measurements was statistically significant (p<0.005). The most common scapular notch appearance, the U shape (64.4%) was the most common scapular notch shape as VD>MTD (%48.9). The most common superior margin type was moderately oblique (41.1%). Conclusion: We believe that the data obtained would be helpful for orthopedic surgeons in intramedullary nailing and radiologists in the differential diagnosis of some osteolytic lesions in that region. Furthermore, scapula measurements would help to identify the gender and race in forensic medicine and anthropology.

A morphometric study of spinoglenoid notch, subcoracoacromial arch, and spinous process of the scapula on shoulder impingement

Introduction: Morphometric study of spinoglenoid notch, coracoacromial arch, and another measurement of the scapulae are required to understand the reason for spasms of common muscle due to supraspinatus tendinitis, nerve compression over the spinoglenoid notch. Therefore, the aim of this study was to discuss the subcoracoacromial arch, deviation of the spinous process, and measurement of the spinoglenoid notch. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India on 70 scapulae that include 58 non-articulated scapulae and 12 articulated scapulae. All the measurements were performed with a vernier caliper and the alignment of the spinous process of the scapula was measured with a goniometer. All the measurements are compared on both sides. Results: All the measurements were performed and presented as mean with standard deviation. We found the variation of diameter between the left and right sides. Spinoglenoid notch diameters were noted as anterior to posterior right 2.97 ± 0.37 cm, left 3.06 ± 0.56 cm and medial to lateral right 1.36 ± 0.14 cm, left 1.4 ± 0.08 cm. Subcoracoacromial arch was observed as right 1.85 ± 0.23 cm and left 1.92 ± 0.4 cm. The direction of the spinous process of the scapula was noted as right 21.50º ± 8.50 and left 18.8º ± 7.89. Conclusion: The present morphometric study findings may give a different approach to supraspinatous tendinits, shoulder instability, and dislocation cases due to morphometric changes present in the spinous process, acromion process, glenoid cavity, and spinoglenoid notch of the scapula. These morphometric studies on scapula can help radiologists, orthopedicians, and physiotherapists to plan patient management.

Mechanisms of notch insensitivity in long-fiber discontinuous, prepreg platelet compression molded composites

The present treatise offers an investigation into the operative mechanisms of stress redistribution and notch insensitivity of the prepreg-based, long-fiber discontinuous composites with stochastic fiber orientation state manufactured via a compression molding process. Open-hole tensile behavior is examined to determine the source of notch insensitivity. Both experimental and simulation approaches reveal that local damage mechanisms result in stress redistribution and corresponding reduction in notch sensitivity as measured by the ratio of the notched to un-notched tensile strengths. The analysis showed that open-hole coupon fracture may occur in locations at or away from the hole, depending on the details of the stochastic meso-morphology and the notch size. It was also demonstrated that as the notch diameter is increased, the probability of fracture at the notch is increased. The experimentally observed notch insensitivity of the prepreg platelet composite was reproduced in the numerical simulations.

Correlation between Morphological Variations and Morphometry of Scapula and Suprascapular Notch with Its Clinical Significance in South Indian Population

Introduction: The biological profile is one of the most important things that forensic anthropologists accomplish in their work, which includes determination of age, sex, race and stature. These components aid in identification of an individual in forensic context. Since the beginning of the field of physical anthropology, anthropologists and anatomists have studied human remains in order to provide new and more accurate ways of building the biological profile. Aim: To compare the metric difference between right and left scapula, calculate scapular index, and to correlate the morphometry between the scapula and the suprascapular notch. Materials and Method: This study was carried out in 200 dry ossified adult human scapula bones collected from the Department of Anatomy and from the students of 1st year MBBS of Yenepoya Medical College. Study done using vernier calliper and measuring tape. Scapula having gross deformity or any pathological alterations were excluded from the study. Results and Discussion: Out of 100 right and left scapulae, maximal width and projection length of scapular spine and maximal length of coracoid process were more on the right sided scapula. The superior- transverse diameter of suprascapular notch, maximal depth of suprascapular notch, morphological length and width of scapula and scapular index were more on the left sided scapulae. The mean scapular index of right side scapula was 70.11 and left side was 70.26, which shows that the left scapula is slightly shorter than right. Also there were more scapulae with longer superior transverse diameter of suprascapular notch (STD>MD) with 52% than the scapulae with longer maximal depth of suprascapular notch (MD>STD) 24% and STD=MD was 9%. Absent notches were seen in 15% of scapulae. The superior transverse scapular ligament was completely ossified in 12% of cases. Both right and left scapula shows more of ‘U-shaped’ suprascapular notch. There was no statistically significant difference between anthropometric measurements of the group with higher maximal depth and the group with higher superior transverse diameter of the suprascapular notch. Conclusion: The scapular index was more in left scapula, which shows that left scapula is slightly shorter than the right scapula compared to other populations. This may be due to the difference in general built and stature of South Indians compared to other populations. Completely ossified superior transverse scapular ligament can result in entrapment of suprascapular nerve. Keywords: Scapula, Suprascapular notch, Spine of scapula, Coracoid process.

Multiaxial fatigue behavior and life prediction of 2198-T8 Al-Li alloy notched tubular specimen based on DIC technique

2198-T8 aluminum-lithium alloy is an advanced aeronautical engineering material. The multiaxial fatigue tests of notched specimens are conducted with the variables of notch diameter, notch number, and equivalent stress amplitude, respectively. The strain field and fatigue life are characterized and calculated by digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The results show that: the fatigue life decreases with the increase of notch diameter, number of notches, and the equivalent stress amplitude. The strain curves calculated by VIC-3D are similar to those obtained by the testing. The normal and shear strain concentration becomes obvious at 80% to 90% fatigue life, and the surface cracks appear at 95% fatigue life, typical multiaxial fatigue morphologies including tire patterns and wear fatigue striations are observed on the fracture surface. The feasibility of the DIC technique to characterize multiaxial fatigue behavior is verified. The modified SWT model provides fine life prediction results with all predicted data within a factor of two.

Prediction of bending performance for a separable CLT-concrete composite slab connected by notch connectors

In this study, the bending performance of a separable cross-laminated timber (CLT)–concrete composite slab for reducing environmental impact was investigated. The slab has consisted of CLT and eco–concrete, and round-notch shape shear connectors resist the shear force between the CLT and eco-concrete. The eco–concrete was composed of a high-sulfated calcium silicate (HSCS) cement, which ensures low energy consumption in the production process. The bending stiffness and load-carrying capacities of the slab were theoretically predicted based on the shear properties of the notch connectors and validated with an experimental test. The shear properties of two types of notch shear connectors (Ø100 mm and Ø200 mm) were measured by planar shear tests. As a result, the stochastically predicted bending stiffness of the slab (with Ø100 mm shear connector) was 0.364 × 1012 N mm2, which was almost similar to test data. The load-carrying capacities of the slab were governed by the shear failure of the notch connectors, and the lower fifth percentile point estimate (5% PE) was 21.9 kN, which was 7.9% higher than the prediction (20.2 kN). In a parameter study, the effect of notch diameter for the CLT-concrete slab span was analyzed depending on the applied loads, and the maximum spans of the slab with Ø100 mm notch or Ø200 mm notch were not significantly different.

Mechanical Properties of All MoS2 Monolayer Heterostructures: Crack Propagation and Existing Notch Study

The outstanding thermal, optical, electrical and mechanical properties of molybdenum disolphide (MoS2) heterostructures make them exceptional candidates for an extensive area of applications. Nevertheless, despite considerable technological and academic interest, there is presently a few information regarding the mechanical properties of these novel two-dimensional (2D) materials in the presence of the defects. In this manuscript, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations on pre-cracked and pre-notched all-molybdenum disolphide (MoS2) heterostructure systems using ReaxFF force field. Therefore, we study the influence of several central-crack lengths and notch diameters on the mechanical response of 2H phase, 1T phase and composite 2H /1T MoS2 monolayers with different concentrations of 1T phase in 2H phase, under uniaxial tensile loading at room temperature. Our ReaxFF models reveal that larger cracks and notches decrease the strength of all 2D MoS2 single-layer heterostructures. Additionally, for all studied crack and notch sizes, 2H phase of MoS2 films exhibits the largest strength. Maximum tensile stress of composite 2H/1T MoS2 nanosheet with different concentrations are higher than those for the equivalent 1T phase, which implies that the pre-cracked composite structure is remarkably stronger than the equivalent 1T phase. The comparison of the results for cracked and notched all-MoS2 nanosheet heterostructures reveal that the load bearing capacity of the notched samples of monolayer MoS2 are higher than the cracked ones.

Ratcheting Examination of 1045 Notched Steel Plates under Low-High and High-Low Sequences

Abstract The present study examines the ratcheting response of 1045 notched steel plates undergoing uniaxial step-loading cycles. Loading steps were applied with different Low-High and High-Low sequences. Ratcheting tests were conducted on notched samples, and average local strains were measured with the use of strain gauges mounted in the vicinity of notch roots. Measured ratcheting strains near notch roots were found as high as 10 times those of tests conducted on unnotched samples. The magnitude of applied cyclic load as well as notch diameter influenced local ratcheting strain at the vicinity of the notch root. The lower nominal load level over the first step in the Low-High sequence substantially promoted ratcheting magnitude over subsequent loading steps with higher load magnitudes. In the High-Low loading sequence, the previous load step with higher magnitude retarded the local accumulated plastic strain of the subsequent step with a lower load level. The plastic zone at the notch root was affected over the loading steps. Microhardness tests were conducted at several positions within a small area of 1.5 by 4 mm near the notch root to map the plastic zone and its progress after each loading step. Microhardness data collected at the notch region verified an enlarged plastic zone over the Low-High loading sequence, while the plastic zone for the High-Low loading sequence was estimated about 50 % smaller in size. Cracking at the notch root and fracture surface taken within the plastic zone were examined through optical and scanning electron microscopies.

FARKLI RADİUS BAŞI TİPLERİNİN MORFOMETRİK KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

The aim of this study is to determine morphometric measurements difference of radial head (RH) types. 49 dry radial bones were included in the study. After determining the types of radius, morphometric measurements were made with digital calliper. The parameters were determined as the length of radius, height of the radius, transverse diameter of RH, anterior-posterior diameter of RH, radial tuberosity transverse diameter and height, length and transverse diameter of ulnar notch. As the result of RH classification, it has been determined that; 20 bones had irregular, 15 bones had oval and 14 bones had round type. In order to on all group average; radius length of RH, the height of RH, transverse diameter of RH, anteroposterior diameter of RH were calculated as 207.99±21.97 mm, 9.45±1.68 mm, 19.94±3.15 mm, 20.20±3.09 mm respectively. In order to on all group aver-age; transverse diameter of radial tuberosity, height of radial tuberosity, the height of ulnar notch, transverse diameter of ulnar notch were 12.07±1.3 mm, 25.36±2.78 mm, 13.86±1.56 mm, 5.27±0.8 mm respectively. Ac-cording to the results of One Way Anova analysis, no statistically significant difference was found between RH types (p>0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between RH types in all parameters.

In situ study on the bending strain field of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass with notch

Full understanding of the ductility enhancement mechanism of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) requires investigations of the strain field evolution under constrained load, which is still unclear in experiments to date. The present work in situ studied the strain field evolution of Zr50.7Cu28Ni9Al12.3 alloy with notch defects under three-point bending through the digital image correlation technique. It was revealed that the deformation was dominated by the normal strain along the specimen length direction and the shear strain which were highly localized into band-like pattern. The results experimentally prove the localized strain in shear bands. A linearly proportional relationship between the magnitude of strain maxima and notch diameter was unveiled as well, which gave rise to bending behaviors linearly dependent on notch size. Moreover, the strain evolution with testing time suggested that the deformation might be accomplished by a two-stage process which induced the multiple deformation regions on fracture surface. Our results provide experimental data and useful information about the bending deformation of BMGs, thus would shed more insights on developing theoretical model of BMGs mechanical behaviors.

Casting voids in nickel superalloy and the mechanical behaviour under room temperature tensile deformation

Abstract The microstructure of a second-generation nickel base superalloy is studied using X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The as-cast material contains 0.15 (±0.001) vol% voids and these are distributed in the inter-dendritic region. The volume fraction of the voids increases to 0.21 (±0.001) vol% after tensile deformation. Surface observations show evidence of dislocation emissions from the void surface, a mechanism possibly facilitates the expansion of the voids and contributes to the increased void volume fraction. Phenomenological parameters such as stress triaxiality, often believed to control void growth, are investigated through crystal plasticity simulation and compared with literature reported data. The results indicate weak correlation between stress triaxiality and void growth, but this may be possibly due to the lack of data at higher level of plastic deformation, which is limited by the ductility of the material. The distribution of the stress triaxiality field within the sample is heterogeneous and the peak of the triaxiality field is a function of the ratio between notch diameter and sample width. A smaller notch diameter to sample width ratio tend to distribute the triaxiality peaks towards the centre of the sample but also lead to higher strain localisation, an effect that results in early sample failure.

Experimental and numerical investigation of open-hole tensile properties and damage mechanisms of 3D woven composites under weft-loading

For 3D woven composites used in the structural applications, the open-hole mechanical performance is of critical concern for the components in service. In the present study, the circular notched 3D woven composite (N-3DWC) plates with three different apertures were prepared, and the effects of notch size on the tensile properties were investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Digital image correlation technique was used to record the full-field strain distributions, and the micro computed tomography was applied to evaluate the failure fractures. Based on the developed macro-meso coupling model of N-3DWC, the open-hole tensile strength and failure mechanisms were predicted and analyzed, and the model was validated with the experimental results. The results showed that the stress-strain curves of all N-3DWC specimens were basically linear in the initial loading stage. The notch size had little effect on the tensile stiffness of notched plates, while the tensile strength decreased with the increasing aperture. The stress concentration mostly occurred at the hole edge, and the distribution width was approximately equal to the notch diameter. As the aperture increased, the main failure mode of weft yarn changed from fiber pull-out to breakage, and the contour of damaged region changed from to convex to concave.

Design and experiment of automatic garlic seed directing device

Garlic planting requires a single seed with a scaly bud upward and vertically. In this study, an automatic garlic seed directing device was designed for auxiliary garlic seeding by utilizing a seed placed funnel, a correcting mechanism, and an automatic control system. Three factors influenced device performance: characteristics of garlic seeds, limited notch diameter of the seed placed funnel, and funnel taper of the seed placed funnel. The most optimal structural parameters of the seed placed funnel were determined via theoretical analysis. The research samples of Lanling and Jinxiang garlic were divided into three groups according to their respective sizes. 3D design software (Solidworks) was used to simulate the above three factors and analyze their rules of action. The obtained simulation results demonstrated that the suitable range of funnel taper and limited notch diameter of seed placed funnel for the three groups of seed were from 40° to 60° and 6-8 mm, respectively. The bench test showed that when the funnel taper was 60° and the limited notch diameter was 10 mm, the success rates of the three groups’ seeds in terms of scaly bud directing were 89.8%, 91.6% and 96.6% respectively, which satisfied the agricultural requirements of garlic planting. Accordingly, the corresponding results may promote the study and improvement of garlic intelligent planting equipment. Keywords: garlic, garlic seed directing, simulation and analysis, automatic control DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201306.5142 Citation: Geng A J, Li X Y, Hou J L, Zhang J, Zhang Z L, Chong J. Design and experiment of automatic garlic seed directing device. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(6): 85–93.

Ratcheting behavior of notched stainless steel samples subjected to asymmetric loading cycles

The ratcheting response of 316 stainless steel samples at the vicinity of notch roots under single- and multi-step loading conditions is evaluated. Multi-step tests were conducted to examine local ratcheting at different low–high–high and high–low–low loading sequences. The stress levels over loading steps and their sequences highly influenced ratcheting magnitude and rate. The change of stress level from low to high promoted ratcheting over proceeding cycles while ratcheting strains dropped in magnitude for opposing sequence where stress level dropped from high to low. Local ratcheting strain values at the vicinity of notch root were found noticeably larger than nominal ratcheting values measured at farer distances from notch edge through use of strain gauges. Ratcheting values in both mediums of local and nominal were promoted as notch diameter increased. To assess progressive ratcheting response and stress relaxation concurrently, the Ahmadzadeh-Varvani (A-V) kinematic hardening rule was coupled with Neuber’s rule enabling to calculate local stress at notch root of steel samples. Local stress/strain values were progressed at notch root over applied asymmetric stress cycles resulting in ratcheting buildup through A-V model. The relaxation of stress values at a given peak-valley strain event was governed through the Neuber’s rule. Experimental ratcheting data were found agreeable with those predicted through the coupled framework.

J-evaluation on tensile testing (JETT) based fracture toughness assessment of Aluminium (6063) alloy using circumferentially notched round bar specimens

The J-evaluation on tensile testing (JETT) using circumferential notch round bar specimens has been proposed for rapid determination of fracture toughness of structural materials exhibiting substantial ductile mode fracture. However, very little has been reported on the effect of notch parameters (notch diameter and notch angle) on the JETT fracture toughness values determined. In this study, Al 6063 alloy was used as test material, and the dependence of the fracture properties on notch parameters, investigated. The Al6063 alloy samples were machined having a constant gauge length (D) of 10 mm, notch diameters (d) of 6, 7, and 8 mm, and notch angles of 45, 60, and 75°, and subjected to tensile loading to fracture. The results obtained showed that the notch strength of the alloy increased with decrease in notch diameter and increased slightly with increasing notch angle. The percent elongation of the notch samples increased with increase in notch diameter and slightly with increase in notch angle. The JETT-fracture toughness values were observed to be more convergent with Dd ratio within the range 1.25–1.7 and the use of notch angles of 60 and 75° with an average value of 328.33 ± 23.73 kJ/m2 obtained. Notch angle of 45°, is not recommended for the JETT basis for evaluation of fracture toughness of Al 6063 alloy.

Notched tensile response and damage mechanism of the GLARE laminate

Glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy, as an attractive material for advanced aerospace applications, is most likely to face the challenge of various blunt notched damages. In this paper, the tensile tests of the glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy with circular and square blunt notches are conducted. The effects of notch geometry, such as notch diameter, notch corner radius, and off-axis angle, on the laminated tensile behaviors of glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy laminate are explored. A characteristic distance function representing the damage-affected region of notch is empirically constructed to predict the residual strength of the circular notched glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy based on a modified point stress criterion. For the square notched laminate, the strength is almost equal to that of the laminate with its circumscribed circle notch. Furthermore, the variation of two fracture patterns observed with the notch geometry is studied, and the evolution of the interlaminar delamination damage is analyzed after the metal chemical removal.

Design and experiment of automatic garlic seed directing device

Garlic planting requires a single seed with a scaly bud upward and vertically. In this study, an automatic garlic seed directing device was designed for auxiliary garlic seeding by utilizing a seed placed funnel, a correcting mechanism, and an automatic control system. Three factors influenced device performance: characteristics of garlic seeds, limited notch diameter of the seed placed funnel, and funnel taper of the seed placed funnel. The most optimal structural parameters of the seed placed funnel were determined via theoretical analysis. The research samples of Lanling and Jinxiang garlic were divided into three groups according to their respective sizes. 3D design software (Solidworks) was used to simulate the above three factors and analyze their rules of action. The obtained simulation results demonstrated that the suitable range of funnel taper and limited notch diameter of seed placed funnel for the three groups of seed were from 40° to 60° and 6-8 mm, respectively. The bench test showed that when the funnel taper was 60° and the limited notch diameter was 10 mm, the success rates of the three groups’ seeds in terms of scaly bud directing were 89.8%, 91.6% and 96.6% respectively, which satisfied the agricultural requirements of garlic planting. Accordingly, the corresponding results may promote the study and improvement of garlic intelligent planting equipment. Keywords: garlic, garlic seed directing, simulation and analysis, automatic control DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201306.5142 Citation: Geng A J, Li X Y, Hou J L, Zhang J, Zhang Z L, Chong J. Design and experiment of automatic garlic seed directing device. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(6): 85–93.