Northern Telangana Research Articles

Performance of Zero Tillage Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Different Irrigation Schedules and Nutrient Levels in Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)

An experiment was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial in Northern Telangana Zone during rabi (winter season), 2023-2024 where the performance of zero tillage safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) was tested under different irrigation schedules and nutrient levels. The experiment was executed using a factorial randomized block design with 15 treatment combinations, with three replications. The treatments consisted of two factors i.e., factor-1 included irrigation schedules-; I1: Irrigation at rosette and flower initiation stages, I2: Irrigation at rosette and seed development stages, I3: Irrigation at branching and flower initiation stages, I4: Irrigation at branching and seed development stages and I5: No irrigation (residual moisture) and factor-2 included nutrient levels, S1: 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), S2: 100% RDF and S3: 125% RDF. The results revealed that irrigation at branching and seed development stages(I4) reported significantly highest seed (1199 kg ha-1), stalk yield (4724 kg ha-1) and yield attributing traits viz.; number of heads plant-1(22.5), number of seeds head-1(23.4), seed weight plant-1(19.8 g), 100-seed weight (7 g), whereas the lowest yield were observed with no irrigation (residual moisture) (I5) treatment. Among different nutrient levels, application of 125% RDF (S3) resulted in the highest seed (1105 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (4429 kg ha-1) and yield attributing traits viz.; number of heads plant-1(21.4), number of seeds head-1(22.6), seed weight plant-1(19.5 g), 100-seed weight (6.7 g) over 75% RDF (S1). Among different treatments, irrigation at the branching and seed development stages combined with the application of 125% RDF gave the best results.

Enhancing soybean yields and profitability: A front line demonstration of the AISb-50 variety in Adilabad, northern Telangana

Enhancing soybean yields and profitability: A front line demonstration of the AISb-50 variety in Adilabad, northern Telangana

Assessment of macronutrients and sulpur in soils under predominant cropping systems of Northern Telangana zone

Assessment of macronutrients and sulpur in soils under predominant cropping systems of Northern Telangana zone

Effect of organic and conventional cultivation practices on soil nutrient status in selected crops of Northern Telangana zone

Effect of organic and conventional cultivation practices on soil nutrient status in selected crops of Northern Telangana zone

Evaluating the Influence of Different Agronomic Strategies on the Growth and Development of Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown in Rice Fallows of Northern Telangana Zone

Aims: To study the changes in plant height, dry matter production, leaf area and plant population under different tillage practices, irrigation and nitrogen levels in rice fallow maize. Study Design: Split- split plot design. Place and Duration of Study: Regional Agricultural Research Station farm, Polasa, Jagtial during rabi 2022-23 and 2023-24. Methodology: The experiment was laid out in split- split plot design with twelve treatment combinations that includes 2 main plot, 3 sub plot and 2 sub-sub plot treatments which are replicated thrice. The treatments are as follows: Main plots: T1- Zero tillage, T2- Conventional tillage (tillage with cultivator twice fb rotovator twice); Sub plots: I1- Irrigation at 60% ASM, I2- Irrigation at 40% ASM and I3- Irrigation at six critical stages; and Sub-sub plot treatments: N1- 100% RDN (240 kg ha-1) and N2- 120% RDN (288 kg ha-1). Results: Results indicated that highest mean plant height was recorded in conventional tillage (65.8, 204.4 & 210.9 cm) and in N2 treatment (64.6, 201.3 & 207.6 cm) during sixth leaf, silking and physiological maturity respectively. Irrigations showed non-significant effect during sixth leaf and during other two stages I3 treatment has recorded higher plant height (200.1 & 206.6 cm). Similar results were obtained in case of leaf area. The mean dry weight was also higher in conventional tillage (17915 kg ha-1), I3 treatment (16789 kg ha-1) and N2 (16418 kg ha-1). The initial plant population was higher in conventional tillage (7.2 plants m-2) than that of zero tillage and irrigation & nitrogen levels has no effect on population. Conclusion: All the growth parameters were significantly affected by tillage, irrigation and nitrogen levels at all the stages except the influence of irrigation on plant height at sixth leaf stage. Plant population was significantly affected by tillage but non-significant effect was recorded by irrigation an nitrogen levels. Interaction was found between irrigation and nitrogen levels in-case of dry matter production.

Effect of cultivars and dates of transplanting on growth and productivity of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)

Effect of cultivars and dates of transplanting on growth and productivity of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)

An Economic Analysis of Market Acceptance and Performance of Rice Varieties Grown in Northern Telangana Zone

This study aims to conduct an economic analysis of market acceptance and performance of rice varieties grown in the Northern Telangana Zone, where diverse rice cultivars face cultivation and marketing challenges. The objectives are to identify and document rice cultivars released by PJTSAU, study technological attributes preferred by stakeholders, and document constraints faced by stakeholders. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 90 farmers, 30 traders, and 30 consumers, totaling 150 participants. Data were collected using well-developed schedules and analyzed using tabular analysis, Rice Preference Index (RPI), Garrett ranking technique, and other suitable methods. The results showed that Telangana Sona (RNR 15048) is highly favored for its long grain size, high head rice recovery, and strong market demand, despite its susceptibility to stem borer and higher fertilizer requirements. Pranahitha (JGL 11727) is appreciated for its good rice quality but faces significant challenges, including high susceptibility to lodging, pests, and diseases, and lower germination rates. Kunaram Rice-1 (KNM 733) showed acceptable profitability but struggled with low market demand, poor grain quality, and higher water requirements. The study concludes that while Telangana Sona excels in market appeal and profitability, Pranahitha and Kunaram Rice-1 need targeted interventions to overcome their specific constraints. Enhancing pest resistance, improving grain quality, and reducing input requirements are essential for optimizing the potential of these varieties. Addressing these challenges through improved management practices and technology adoption can significantly benefit farmers and boost the marketability of these paddy varieties.

Enhancing ridge gourd productivity in northern Telangana: Impact of Arka Prasan variety through front line demonstrations

Enhancing ridge gourd productivity in northern Telangana: Impact of Arka Prasan variety through front line demonstrations

Soil Quality Assessment of Sesame-Growing Soils with Different Productivity in the Northern Telangana Zone, India

Present study was carried out in major sesame growing areas of Northern Telangana zone in districts namely; Nizamabad, Jagtial, Nirmal and Kamareddy. The main objective of this study is to assess the soil quality and to find out the relation between sesame yield and soil quality index. Based on the seed yield data of sesame, the above-mentioned districts were divided into high, medium and low productivity zones. 50 samples from each productivity zone with a total of 150 surface soil samples (0-15 cm were collected and analysed for various physical, physico-chemical, chemical and biological properties. Physical properties included texture, bulk density and water holding capacity. Physico-chemical properties like pH, EC and organic carbon were analysed. Chemical properties of soil namely available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available sulphur, exchangeable bases like exchangeable calcium and magnesium, potassium and sodium, available micronutrients like iron, copper, manganese and zinc were analysed. Biological properties like urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase and labile carbon were analysed. Principal component analysis, minimum dataset was derived which contained available nitrogen, sand, pH, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium and urease with 70.81% variance. These are identified as the key indicators of soil quality. Mean soil quality index values were 0.669, 0.549 and 0.443 for high, medium and low sesame productivity zones respectively and is in the order of high>medium>low sesame productivity zones. Percent contribution of MDS to SQI are in the order of, available nitrogen (44.44%> pH (16.85% >exchangeable calcium (9.87%> exchangeable magnesium (8.89%> urease (7.86%> available phosphorus (7.38% > sand (4.89%. This study concluded that the SQI was more significantly positively correlated with sesame yield, which revealed that soil variables from the minimum data set had biological significance and effectively evaluated the status of the sesame growing soils of Northern Telangana Zone.

A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON PRESCRIPTION ANALYSIS OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

The present study was aimed to analyze the prescription patterns of various uses of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)in the strategic treatment of different types of epilepsy in a tertiary care hospital in the northern Telangana of India. A total of 157 patients were included in this study and patients with epilepsy of specific group are included. The demographic data shows a greater number of males 99 (63%) and female 58 (37%). The majority of patients were 44 (28%) belonged to 20-30 years of age group, 43 (27%) patients belonged to 30-40 years of age group. Generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) were the most commonly diagnosed epilepsy (46%) and monotherapy (75%) were prescribed. Levetiracetam was the most common monotherapy (54%). Levetiracetam with clobazam was commonly prescribed two drug combinations (6%). Among polytherapy levetiracetam with sodium valproate and clobazam (2%). Levetiracetam was commonest prescribed AED as monotherapy and in combinational as well as polytherapy. The study concluded that educating patients regarding the antiepileptic drugs is necessary to avoid the medications related problems which helps in improving patient for better care.

Nutrient requirement of Pre-release Sugarcane Varieties in Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur during the two successive seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20 to find out the performance of three sugar cane varieties (97 R 129, 2010 R 854 and Co 86032) under four fertilizer levels (75, 100, 125 and 150 % RDF). The experiments consist of 12 treatments replicated thrice in a Randomized Block Design with factorial concept. The highest cane yield (119.1 t ha-1) was recorded with application of 150 % RDF which was on par with application of 125% RDF (114.4 kg ha-1) and significantly superior over rest of the treatments. The lowest yields recorded under 75 % RDF (87.50 t ha-1). Among the varieties tested, 2010 R 854 recorded highest cane yield (112.2 t ha-1) which was significantly out yielded than the rest of the two varieties (97 R 129 and Co 86032). The highest benefit cost ratio recorded in 125% RDF followed by 150 % RDF and 100% RDF. Among the varieties, 2010 R 854 recorded highest benefit cost ratio over rest of the varieties. Based on the results of the investigation it is concluded that adoption of promising sugarcane variety 2010 R 854 with 125 % RDF (312.5-125-125 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1) is recommended for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

Seed yield and quality parameters of mustard as influenced by organic manures,sulphur and foliar application of zinc and boron in northern Telangana zone

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manures, sulphur and foliar application of Zn and Bon seed yield and quality parameters of mustard crop. Eleven treatment combinations were tested in the field. The treatment with 100% NPKS+ Foliar spray of 0.5% Zinc-EDTA and 0.2% Boric acid at flower initiation and at 50% flowering resulted in highest seed yield and quality parameters of mustard under Northern Telangana zone.

Constraints Analysis in Procurement and Processing of Sesame in Northern Telangana Zone, Telangana, India

Sesame is one of the most commonly consumed foods either in fresh as raw seeds or processed. Sesame seeds contain 50-60 per cent oil. The study was aimed to document the constraints in procurement and processing of sesame in the study region. Three districts Jagtial, Nirmal and Nizamabad were selected from Northern Telangana Zone where sesame production was highest. Random sampling method was used to select the sesame processors. A total of 30 sesame oil units were selected from three districts for collecting data. The collected data has been analysed through Garette Ranking Technique. The major constraints faced by the processors at different stages of processing of sesame in the study region were high cost of machinery, insufficient funds from the financial institutions, lack of quality raw material, high cost for machinery repairs and maintenance, lack of efficient market for the final product and lack of awareness about the product.

Optimum Sowing Window and Suitable Varieties for Cultivation Soybean (Glycine max L.) During Off-Season in Northern Telangana Zone

Aims: To identify the optimum sowing time and suitable varieties of soybean for profitable cultivation during the off-season in the Northern Telangana Agroclimatic zone of Telangana state in India.
 Study Design: Strip plot design with three replications.
 Place and Duration of Study: The Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rudrur, Nizamabad District, Telangana state, India, between October 2022 and June 2023.
 Methodology: The field experiment was conducted in medium clay loam soil under irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three varieties viz., JS 335 (V1), ASB 22 (V2) and KDS 726 (V3) as horizontal strips and nine dates of sowings viz., 3 Oct (D1), 19 Oct (D2), 3 Nov (D3), 19 Nov (D4), 3 Dec (D5) 19 Dec (D6), 3 Jan (D7), 19 Jan (D8) and 3 Feb (D9) as vertical strips, replicated thrice. The seeds were sown by dibbling at 5 cm apart within the row and rows were space at 45 cm apart. Standard recommended package of practice of kharif season suggested by PJTSAU was followed. The data on growth yield attributes was recorded on selected 5 plant, averaged/ plant and grain yield was recorded from net plot, converted to one hectare and analyzed statistically using OP Stat.
 Results: The results of the experiment revealed that, the cv. KDS 726 recorded the maximum plant height (35.2 cm) and biomass accumulation (8.93 g plant-1) which was significantly more over the cv. JS 335 and cv. ASB 22 in 3 Nov and 19 Oct sowings, respectively. The cultivars the cv. JS 335 (V1) recorded more number of pods over cv. ASB 22 (V2) and cv. KDS 726 (V3) in 19 Oct (D2), 3 Nov (D3), 19 Nov (D4), 3 Dec (D5) and 3 Jan (D7) sowings. The cv. KDS 726 (V3) was found superior in terms of seeds pod -1 (3.0) which was comparable to cv. JS 335 (V1) and significantly more over cv. ASB 22 (V2) when it was sown on 19 Oct (D2). The cv. KDS 726 (V3) recorded significantly more test weight (g) over cv. JS 335 (V1) and cv. ASB 22 (V2) from 19 Oct (D2) to 3 Jan (D7) sowings. The cv. ASB 22 sown on 3 Oct produced significantly more seed yield (753 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (1599 kg ha-1) over cv. JS 335 and cv. (KDS 726). 
 Conclusion: The soybean cv. ASB 22 with sowing first week of Oct was found to be suitable for cultivation during the off season.

Nutrient Efficient and Productive Cropping Systems for Northern Telangana Zone, India

The field experiment was carried out during 2018-19 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone, Telangana state, India. The experiment was performed with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif (June-October) and rabi (November – March) were rice-rice (check), maize-soybean(2:4)-tomato, maize-soybean (2:4) - rice, sunflower-chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton-soybean (1:2) on broadbed–sesame-groundnut(2:4), Bt cotton - sesame -blackgram (2:4), soybean-wheat, soybean-sunflower -chickpea (2:4), turmeric-sesame, turmeric-soybean (1:2) on flat bed-bajra and turmeric-soybean (1:2) on broadbed-sesame - blackgram (2:4).Cropping system turmeric-soybean(1:2 ) (on BBF) sesame – blackgram (2:4) recorded productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield of 23413kg ha-1 and production efficiency of 75.53Kg ha-1 day-1followed by sole turmeric-sesame (22597 kg REY ha-1 ) and 72.89Kg ha-1 day-1 and Bt.cotton+soybean (1:2) (on BBF) sesame+groundnut (2:4) (22568kg ha-1) and 75.23 Kg ha-1 day-1 over existing rice-rice (14395 kg REY ha-1 ) and 56.45Kg ha-1 day-1. Higher nutrient uptake was recorded with maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato system with 361.73 kg N ha-1, 114.43 kg P ha-1 and 318.89 kg K ha-1. Hence under nutrient stressed environment and low input management system maize+soybean (2:4) –tomato, can be recommended in comparision to existing rice-rice cropping system in irrigated situations for vertisols of Telangana.

Evaluation of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars under Different Sowing Dates on Yield and Yield Attributes in Non Traditional Area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)

The field experiment entitled “Evaluation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars under different sowing dates on yield and yield attributes in non traditional area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)”, an experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial during Rabi, 2022. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with ten treatment combinations by replicating thrice. The treatments includes two factors i.e., factor - 1 having two genotypes G1: ISF-764, G2: TSF-1 and factor -2 having five sowing dates D1: 15th October, D2: 30th October, D3: 15th November, D4: 30th November, D5 : 15th December. Among the genotypes of safflower, TSF-1 recorded higher seed yield (1243 kg ha-1) and yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (26.34), number of seeds head-1 (32.34), seed weight plant-1 (42.01 g), seed index (3.71 g), Stover yield (5386 kg ha-1) and biological yield (6629 kg ha-1) over ISF-764. The result showed that among the different sowings of safflower 30th October sowing was recorded significantly higher Yield and Yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (31.24), number of seeds head-1 (35.16), seed weight plant-1 (47.84 g), seed index (3.77 g), seed yield (1412 kg ha-1), Stover yield (6415 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7827 kg ha-1) as compared to 15th November and 30th November, 15th December sowing date respectively and it is on par with safflower crop sown on 15th October. From the study it can be concluded that the genotype TSF-1 sown on 15th and 30th October performed best among all other treatment combinations.

Assessment of Soil Variables under Different Sesame Productivities of Northern Telangana Zone

A survey was carried out in major sesame-growing areas of Northern Telangana Zone in high, medium and low productivity zones of districts namely Nizamabad, Jagtial, Nirmal and Kamareddy. 50 surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from each zone and a total of 150 surface soil samples were analyzed for various physical, physicochemical and chemical properties the results showed that the bulk density ranged from 1.10 to 1.56 Mg m-3, from 1.20 to 1.60 Mg m-3 and from 1.20 to 1.63 Mg m-3 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Water holding capacity ranged from 30.00 to 56.80%, from 20.80 to 56.50% and from 19.60 to 51.70% in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. pH ranged from 7.11 to 7.82, from 6.45 to 8.51 and from 6.81 to 7.46 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. EC ranged from 0.32 to 0.46 d Sm-1, from 0.32 to 0.56 d Sm-1 and from 0.12 to 0.56 d Sm-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Organic carbon ranged from 0.48 to 1.08%, from 0.23 to 0.72% and from 0.21 to 0.64% in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available nitrogen ranged from 176.20 to 279.70 kg ha-1, from 116.50 to 261.50 kg ha-1 and from 76.40 to 139.80 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available phosphorus ranged from 13.41 to 82.33 kg ha-1, from 11.81 to 64.71 kg ha-1 and from 19.98 to 49.06 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available potassium ranged from 213.00 to 562.00 kg ha-1, from 126.25 to 585.00 kg ha-1 and from 182.50 to 562.50 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively.

Performance of Varieties under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels

Nitrogen influence plant growth and yield of crops. To evaluate the yield potential of different pre released rice genotypes at different Nitrogen levels under Northern Telangana Zone. Experiment was laid out insplit plot design with five main plots (pre released cultures) and four sub plots (nitrogen levels) at RARS, Jagtial, Kharif 2018-19 to Rabi 2019-20.
 Four pre released cultures of Northern TelaganaZone viz., C1-KNM-733, C2- KNM-1638, C3- JGL 24423 and C4: JGL-H-1 along with one check variety C5-MTU-1010 were evaluated and four nitrogen levels were tested . Based on two seasons data, 100% RDN:100-120 kg N ha-1 is enough with respect to KNM 1638 during Kharif 2018 and JGL-24423 during Rabi 2018-19 with 100% RDN-120-150 kg ha-1. Application of 100% RDN was on par with 90% RDN with urea were recorded highest yields with respect to varieties KNM 1638 during Kharifand JGL-24423 during Rabi.The highest yield was recorded in with respect to varieties KNM 1638 (9341kgha-1) followed JGL24423 (9927kgha-1) compare to check (9,341 kgha-1) during kharif season. Among the nitrogen levels 100% RDN recorded highest yield (10328 kg ha-1) and increasing dose resulted in decreasing yield. But cost benefit ratio was also highest recorded in JGL-24423(1:1.37) followed by KNM 1638 (1:1.31) during kharif season. In rabithe highest yield was recorded in pre released cultures JGL 24423 (5802kgha-1) followed by KNM 733 (5731kgha-1) compare to check (4651 kgha-1) and with respect to the nitrogen levels 100% RDN recorded highest yield @5231 kg ha-1 was on par to 90%RDN @ 4774 kg ha-1. B:C ratio maximum in JGL24423 was 1.37 and KNM733 was 1.36 and among the nitrogen levels 100 RDN @ 1.32 and 90%RDN @1.02.It canbe concluded that 100% RDN-100-120 kg N ha -1 is enough with respect varieties KNM 1638 during Kharif 2018-19 and JGL-24423 during Rabi-18-19 with 100% RDN-120-150 kg ha -1.

Forecasting Potential Evapotranspiration Using Seasonal ARIMA Model for Northern Telangana Zone, India

Present study aims to predict the evapotranspiration values over the Northern Telangana Zone through the identification or patterns in correlated data trends and seasonal variation and to assess the accuracy of the forecasting model. Plans for managing crop water consumption include potential evapotranspiration heavily. As a result, in a semi-arid environment, forecasting of the potential evapotranspiration is the foundation of any successful water resources management plans. The Thronthwaite method was used to estimate daily evapotranspiration, and a Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average was used to forecast potential evapotranspiration. Time series analysis of evapotranspiration data set showed a seasonality behaviour and thus Seasonal ARIMA model with the least Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) values were selected. The Seasonal Arima model selected for the districts Adilabad, Jagtial, Karimnagar, KumuramBheem, Nirmal, and Peddapalli was (2,0,2)(2,1,0)12 and for Nizamabad district (2,0,2)(1,1,0)12. Basic statistical properties are used to compare the observed and forecasted data which shown that that there is no significant difference between the mean values of the observed and predicted data at a 5% significance level. Hence the developed model was optimum to forecast the evapotranspiration over the study area and to sustain the forecasting accuracy.

Status of Nitrogen Pools Under Important Cropping Systems in Inceptisols and Vertisols of Northern Telangana, India

Vertisols have showed 11.58, 26.92 and 19.80 % higher amount of available nitrogen, 20.42, 36.65 and 16.72 % higher amount of total nitrogen in 0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm depths, respectively over inceptisols. CS1 has maintained higher amount of available nitrogen content (237 kg ha-1) followed by CS2 (219 kg ha-1) > CS4 (189 kg ha-1) > CS3 (184 kg ha-1) at surface soil (0-15 cm). In vertisols, ammonical nitrogen contributed 48.72 percent to available N, whereas in inceptisols it was 44.46%. Nitrate nitrogen content was recorded significantly higher under vertisols at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths. At 30-45 cm depth inceptisols recorded significantly higher values. However, NO3-N contributed 32.52 percent towards available N in inceptisols, whereas the share was 30.33 percent under vertisols. In the soil profile, percent contribution of ammonical nitrogen to available N followed as CS1 > CS4 > CS2 > CS3 with the values 53.13, 48.26, 44.49 and 41.49 %. On the other hand, percent contribution of NO3 –N towards available N followed different order as CS4 (40.08%) > CS3 (37.42%) > CS2 (32.44%) > CS1 (20.92%).