Northwestern Part Of Bangladesh Research Articles

Spatio-temporal characteristics of meteorological and agricultural drought indices and their dynamic relationships during the pre-monsoon season in drought-prone region of Bangladesh

The global water crisis has become a rising concern against the background of climate change, which is responsible for increasing drought frequency, a devastating natural hazard that severely affects the agricultural sector of a nation. Due to the geographical position, spatial variation in seasonal precipitation patterns, and groundwater table, the northwestern part of Bangladesh is one of the most drought-prone regions with extensive irrigation practices. In recent decades, the frequency of meteorological drought has significantly increased, but its dynamic relationship with agricultural drought is still unclear. In this research, we aim to study the meteorological and agricultural drought conditions and their dynamic relationships during the pre-monsoon season (March-May) in northwest Bangladesh. For this, we analyzed the 3-month standardized precipitation index (SPI), Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), and 3-month standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) to study the meteorological drought, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature condition index (TCI), and vegetation health index (VHI) using MODIS to study the agricultural drought. Results revealed that SPI-3 and SPEI-3 during the pre-monsoon increased, while PDSI decreased. Agricultural drought indices showed a better VHI status in 2021. The Pearson correlation among these indices represented no correlation between meteorological and agricultural drought. This research identified that the relationship between VHI and SPI-3 might not be positive in all cases, especially in extensively irrigated regions. Therefore, it is important to consider hydrological drought indices to improve the understanding and accuracy of drought assessment.

Potential application of GIS and remote sensing to evaluate suitable site for livestock production in Northwestern part of Bangladesh

The livestock resources of Bangladesh are under tremendous strain due to several natural and anthropogenic causes. Especially in the Northwestern region of Bangladesh, these resources are more vulnerable to deterioration resulting from human actions, a lack of environmental and rangeland legislation, climate change, drought, poor management, and inadequate disaster mitigation plans. GIS based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and remote sensing techniques have been used in this research to locate ideal land for sheep, goats, buffalo and cow production. In this study, the suitability analysis for livestock production has been considered in eight thematic layers: slope, land use & land cover (LULC), soil types, rainfall, water accessibility, road distance, relative humidity, and average temperature. Besides, this research had been used geospatial tools for combining these eight geographical layers, whenanalytical hierarchy process, aMCDA approach helped tomeasure the weight of each criterion. The final map that is perfect for raising cattle has been divided into four categories, such as low, medium, high and excellent. Each of these rangeland suitability groups has portions in the Northwestern region of Bangladesh that fall into the following percentages: 11.14%, 26.07%, 35.27%, and 27.53%. This research also depicts that the western part of the study region, which includes Thakurgaon, Panchagar, Dinajpur, Naogaon, Joypurhat and Bogra has a low suitability index for livestock production while the eastern region, which includes Kurigram, Nilphamari, Pabna, Lalmonirhat, Gaibandha, Rangpur and Sirajganj contributes to an excellent zone. The outcome of this study will be useful to identify the best places for livestock production in the Northwestern part of Bangladesh. Finally, this research may additionally assist government officials in creating environmental and rangeland strategies for the livestock population in the study area.

Evaluation of Groundwater Using Single Cell Thana Model: Study on Pirgachha Upazila, Rangpur District, North-Western Part of Bangladesh

Evaluation of Groundwater Using Single Cell Thana Model: Study on Pirgachha Upazila, Rangpur District, North-Western Part of Bangladesh

A combined GIS, remote sensing and MCDM approach to find potential location for rainwater harvesting structure in northwestern part of Bangladesh

There has been a fresh water shortage in the Northwestern portion of Bangladesh. Rainwater is one of the finest boons of the nature which can reduce this problem. To utilize the rainwater properly, it is highly needed to make rainwater harvesting (RWH) structure in these regions. The major goal of this study is to find optimal sites for RWH structures to fulfill meet the needs of fresh water demand in Northwestern region of Bangladesh, by employing a multiple-criteria decision making technique based on geographic information systems. Seven spatial parameters, including, rainfall, land use & land cover, slope, soil texture, road distance, drainage density, physiography were included in this study's site appropriateness analysis for RWH structures. The ultimate suitable map which is acceptable for installing RWH structure had been broken down into four categories such as excellent, good, medium and poor regions. The categories occupy the study area's territory in the following order: 21.94%, 59.57%, 15.93%, 2.16%. The study's excellent appropriateness rating for developing RWH structures includes the districts of Sirajganj, Gaibandha, Kurigram, Rangpur, Thakurgaon, Dinajpur, Panchagar, and Nilphamari, while its low appropriateness index includes Pabna, Natore, Rajshahi, Nawabganj, Naogaon, Joypurhat, and Bogra. Last but not least, this research might also help policymakers, government officer to develop RWH structure in a suitable place to reduce the freshwater shortage problem.

Influence of diurnal temperature variation on the growth and phenology of linseed cultivars in north-western Bangladesh ​

Linseed, one of the oldest, conventional and underutilised multipurpose crops in Bangladesh, can provide food, feed, fuel, and fibre. Environmental conditions especially temperature influence crop growth and development, which is the most vital factor in enhancing or reducing crop productivity. Experiments were, therefore, conducted at Farmer's field during two consecutive cropping seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 to study the effect of diurnal temperature variation on the growth and phenology of linseed cultivars. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized completed block design having four replications. Linseed seeds were sown in 3.0 m × 0.6 m plots with continuous line sowing (two lines). The difference between the temperature extremes (weekly average) was observed 14.57 ⁰C in 1st week of January 2019 and 15.29 °C in 2nd week of February 2020. The temperature gradient influenced the growth, phenology and seed yield of linseed cultivars. The sowing of linseed should be completed within the second fortnight of November for better crop growth and seed yield in the north-western part of Bangladesh. The knowledge of the impact of extreme temperature on yield/yield components could contribute to the improvement of crop models or ideotype development.

The impact of land use and land cover change on groundwater recharge in northwestern Bangladesh

Groundwater recharge is affected by various anthropogenic activities, land use and land cover (LULC) change among these. The long-term temporal and seasonal changes in LULC have a substantial influence on groundwater flow dynamics. Therefore, assessment of the impacts of LULC changes on recharge is necessary for the sustainable management of groundwater resources. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of LULC changes on groundwater recharge in the northwestern part of Bangladesh. Spatially distributed monthly groundwater recharge was simulated using a semi-physically based water balance model. Long-term temporal LULC change analysis was conducted using LULC maps from 2006 to 2016, while wet and dry LULC maps were used to examine seasonal changes. The results show that the impervious built-up area has increased by 80.3%, whereas vegetated land cover has decreased by 16.4% over the study period. As a result, groundwater recharge in 2016 has decreased compared to the level seen in 2006. However, the decrease in recharge due to long-term temporal LULC changes is very small at the basin scale (2.6 mm/year), although the impact on regional level is larger (17.1 mm/year) due to urbanization. Seasonal LULC variations also affect recharge due to the higher potential for dry seasonal LULC compared to the wet seasonal LULC, a substantial difference (20.6 mm/year). The results reveal important information about the groundwater system and its response to land cover changes in northwestern Bangladesh.

Study on the Aridity in the North-Western (NW) Part of Bangladesh through Combined Application of Remote Sensing, GIS and Geophysical Data

In the present paper, hydro-environmental behaviour of two adjacent but characteristically different land areas of (i) semi-arid Barind Tract and (ii) Ganges flood plain situated in the north-western part of Bangladesh have been studied and possible mechanisms of variability in the two study sites have been investigated. Time series remote sensing data supplemented with climatic, geophysical and groundwater data and other ancillary information have been analysed for the purpose. Coupling of Landsat TM derived vegetation cover information with meteorological data depicts higher sensitivity of Barind Tract than the other study site towards vegetation cover changes in response to rainfall amount. Temporal sequence of albedo value as derived from Landsat TM data manifests appropriate seasonal trend that is consistent with field observations. Analysis of rainfall data over a period of about 50 years depicts substantially higher rainfall in both the study sites as compared to a typical semiarid region. However, temporal distribution of rainfall events is mostly concentrated within very short period of time in the year. Lithological information on the subsurface configuration depicts the existence of a relatively impermeable clayey layer near the top surface in these areas. Relatively higher thickness of this impermeable clayey layer over the semiarid Barind areas has been noticed that slows down the infiltration process significantly as compared to that in adjacent floodplain areas. Analysis of drainage network exhibits relatively higher drainage density in the Barind Tract area as compared to that in floodplain area. The drainage pattern shows predominantly unidirectional and distributary nature of drainage in the Barind Tract area and in general, distribution is oriented towards basin direction and most of the branches of the drainage system. Ultimately, relatively higher elevation, steeper slope result in relatively quicker surface runoff to carry out excess rain water to the nearest basins, results in decreased infiltration of rainwater. Eventually, the conversion efficiency of Barind Tract area to transform intercepted rainwater into underground reservoir water through infiltration seems to be lower as compared to that of floodplain areas.

Community engagement and public education in northwestern part of Bangladesh: A study regarding heritage conservation

Heritage management is important to conserve the identity of history and culture, which can generate economic activity, enhance aesthetics, increase surrounding land value, and transfer knowledge from generation to generation. Bangladesh is a land that belongs to various forms of heritage, and Rajshahi city is not an exception with different cultural and natural heritage. Overpopulation growth, unplanned urbanization, poor infrastructure, and weak urban management are imposing risks on deteriorating heritage in current days. This study was conducted to rummage the involvement of community people in imperishability and management of heritage in the Rajshahi City Corporation of Bangladesh. To fulfill the objectives, 205 individual surveys, 3 Focus Group Discussions, and 10 Key Informant Interviews were conducted to ascertain public engagement and their visualization in respect to predicament of heritage, conservation, and the way for the future. Findings reveal that 95% of respondents thought that all the heritages express the identity of Rajshahi, where around 30% of people identified some heritages as directly or indirectly related to their family. Besides, 56.67% of people strongly expressed their views that they want to conserve their heritage through the development process, while 34.17% usually accept this argument. This research also shows a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) matrix regarding heritage management, where a priority and decision matrix have been carried out to a certain internal and external factors for heritage conservation. This research thus expected to help different people from government, non-government and local people take action regarding different forms of heritage conservation in Bangladesh.

IMPORTANCE OF FAILURE MODES AND EFFECT ANALYSIS APPLICATION FOR RISK ANALYSIS IN BARAPUKURIA COAL MINE, BANGLADESH

Because of the complex working situations, mining is known for being one of the most hazardous industries in the world. The working activities in such risky conditions in the underground coal mine often leads to many types of accidents. The working condition of Barapukuria Coal Mine (BCM) which is a producing underground coal mine in the North-western part of Bangladesh, has become insecure due to the lack of practising appropriate plan and methodology for reducing risk.Therefore, this study aims to assess the potential hazards by failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA) method in BCM. FMEA is a quality management tool often used to identify possible failure mode by calculating a risk priority number (RPN) from severity, occurrence, and detection scores. A noteworthy aspect in FMEA is the estimation of RPN to prioritize failure modes. In this phase, a quality point scale (1-10) is typically used to measure the three facets of a failure mode's risks, and it indicates that the higher the score, the greater the chance of accidents. We have studied some accidents data in BCM it indicates that roof fall is more hazardous compared to other accidents. With the help of FMEA method, we have assessed causes and effects of accidents and finally recommended actions to reduce hazards. Therefore, an integrated approach is a burning necessity that can predict the risk before the actual mishaps and the FMEA can be a handy solution in this case as it is a robust tool for identifying multi-horizon risks and mitigating threats that can be strengthened further.

Reducing dairy data inconsistency through Regional Modeling Approach (RMA): a case from North-Western part of Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the transformation of dairy farming from livelihood-oriented to enterprise-driven farming system might require deeper understanding on the regional differences in terms of regional potential for further dairy development. This, however, entails detailed data on dairy farm at regional level. Since the data are relatively very scarce in one hand and on the other hand, even available, are contradicting among various sources in terms of data accuracy and precision, the application of the regional modeling on the data and extrapolates to the national data and vice-versa is one of the ways to identify the possible options to improve the data availability and quality. Considering this, the current study was undertaken to assess the data inconsistency by comparing the dairy herd structure and its milk production at regional level and propose a validation tool to arrive at the national data by using the regional findings. The International Farm Comparison Network (IFCN) Regional Modeling Approach (RMA) along with the locally developed Integrated Dairy Research Network (IDRN) farm model was used. The primary data was collected from three divisions (9 districts) from the North-Western part of the country. The results revealed that proportion of household farm dominates over family and business farm while considering the total dairy cow as unit for defining the farm type. The share of the cross bred cows to the local cows is 74.6% and 24.4%, respectively. However, the proportion of lactating cows over dry cows and heifer seems to be higher in local cows (48.8%) than cross breed cows (34.2%). The average milk production for all regions is 4.49 lit/day/cow while that for cross breed is 6.23 lit and local 1.71 lit/day/cow. Using regional model and its coefficient on average milk production, herd composition, proportion of lactating cows on total milk production of DLS and IDRN revealed that IDRN new model estimates 36.5% lower milk than the DLS in 2019 and 33.5% lower in 2018. The IDRN version 1.0 and 2.0 model difference was found to 15.4% and 18.3% lower for 2018 and 2019, respectively. The model setup, calibration and validation are time-demanding and challenging tasks for these large set of data, given the scale intensive data requirements, and the need to ensure the reliability data from multiple regions. This study concludes that regional modeling is quite useful for validating the regional share of the milk production and national milk production. However, this study would recommend for using standardized for data collection, validation and thus conducting further study on the other regions and finally including all regions of the country.
 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (2): 128-141

Multiple indices based agricultural drought assessment in the northwestern part of Bangladesh using geospatial techniques

Droughts are very common in Bangladesh especially in the northwestern part, due to geographical position, variation in Groundwater table, and the spatial variation in seasonal rainfall pattern. In the present study, three drought indices viz., Vegetation Health Index (VHI), Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI), and Shortwave Infrared Dryness Index (VSDI), were calculated utilizing multitemporal Landsat images. Field verification was done for the retrieved parameters needed to calculate the indices i.e., soil moisture content and Land Surface Temperature (LST). Results from various indices were compared to understand the drought pattern in the study area. The VHI revealed that 2014 and 2002 were the most drought-prone year and the drought extent in this region intensified from mild to severe drought. Severe drought was found in northern Lalmonirhat, central Nilphamari, and Thakurgaon, the southern part of Dinajpur, dispersed part of Panchagarh districts and sand bars of the river. It is evident that Thakurgaon, Dinajpur, Gaibandha, and the northern part of Lalmonirhat districts face high agricultural drought risk, Nilphamari, Panchagarh, and Rangpur demonstrate medium risk, and Kurigram district shows slight agricultural drought risk. The drought severity was mainly triggered out due to the decreasing trend of vegetation identified by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and also for the climbing trend of LST. In the year 2018, drought mainly prevailed due to the increased amount of LST mainly in the Nilphamari district. Several regions such as dried river channels, sand bars, and uncultivated land show high drought conditions due to lack of moisture in this region and reduce water flow impeded by the upstream dams. As drought has great impacts on agriculture, it is expected that this satellite-based drought assessment will be beneficial to improve the understanding of drought in the northwestern regions of Bangladesh.

Rainfall And Drought Tendencies In Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh

Insufficient rainfall results in water shortage and eventually leads to drought. This research has investigated drought by utilizing standardize precipitation index in monthly mean rainfall data for 30 years from 1988 to 2017 in Rajshahi division, a region in the northwestern part of Bangladesh. Estimated indices have identified that the years 1992, 1994, 2006, and 2012 experienced moderate to severe droughts, and the year 2010 suffered from extreme drought. Non-parametric and linear trend analyses have shown that the number of draughts in the study area has been growing. The study area is thus judged as moving forward to experience more droughts from lack of water due to rainfall deficit, especially during monsoon. This region has already started to experience a shortage of rainwater, approximately 18%, in the monsoon season. This shortage is likely to affect the volume of surface water and thus the groundwater recharging, which would distort irrigation for agriculture in the region. This work would therefore assist in policy-making addressing the watering system of the region to ensure smooth agricultural production.

Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of Chalan Beel Wetland Area in Bangladesh

This study aimed to determine the levels and possible sources of heavy metals (HMs) in the sediments of Chalan beel (a large lake-like aquatic ecosystem) area located in the northwestern part of Bangladesh. The mean concentrations (mg kg−1) of two HMs, Cd (6.22) and Pb (51.39) exceeded the world normal averages (WNA), whereas the mean concentrations (mg kg−1) of Ni (60.46), Zn (10.75), Mn (8.64) and Cu (4.71) were below the WNA. The sediments showed significant enrichment with Cd, Pb and Ni in the studied area. The geo-accumulation index values of Cd (3.72) and Pb (0.76) were significantly higher in the sediments. The contamination factor and potential ecological risk index values of Cd and Pb revealed that Chalan beel was extremely and moderately contaminated by these heavy metals, respectively. Analysis of dye complexes used in handlooms around the Chalan beel areas revealed that mean concentrations of Cd and Pb exceeded the WNA. Furthermore, analyses of principal component, cluster and correlation matrix indicated that the presence of the higher levels of Cd and Pb in the sediments might be linked to various anthropogenic activities like discharged dyes into the beel water from the nearby handloom dyeing factories.

Agro-morphological characterization of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) accessions at north-western part of Bangladesh

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), grown throughout the world for millennia. It is a multipurpose agricultural crop that can provide food, fuel and fibre. An agro-morphological characterization based on 13 traits of 26 flax accessions was carried out during the Rabi season 2017-2018 at the Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rangpur. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized completed block design having four replications. Flax seeds were sown in 3.0 m × 0.6 m plot with continuous line sowing (two lines). The seed germination (%) and vigour indices of all flax accessions varied from 44.1 – 77.7 and 44.1 – 119.4, respectively. A significant variation in all growth and yield attributing descriptors was observed except 1000-seed weight of flax. Among the accessions, BD-10708 possessed the highest seed yield (182.9 g plant–1) and yield attributing descriptors viz., number of capsules plant–1 (142) and seeds plant–1 (513) of flax. The performance of the local accesson Ulipur was observed poor compared to some of the test accessions of flax. Some of these flax accessions could be used as breeding materials in varietal developmental and improvement programmes with higher yield potentials of flax in Bangladesh.

Geochemical signatures of recent bar deposits in the Tista river, Bangladesh: Implications to provenance, paleoweathering and tectonics

Petrography and geochemical composition of sediments is a sensitive indicator which archives the signature of a previous record of a source rock and depositional environments in a basin. This study deals with the elemental geochemistry of recent bar deposits of the Tista river in the north western part of Bangladesh to evaluate their provenance, paleoweathering and tectonic setting. Petrographically, the sediments are rich in quartz (70%), whereas feldspar and lithic fragments are found about 8% and 3%, respectively. The geochemical composition of the samples exhibits dominantly quartzose litharenites with low grade sedimentary and metasedimentary lithics, low feldspar indicates tectonic provenance field of recycled orogeny. Discrimination functions revels that the sediments of the Tista river are the derivation of active continental margin. The analyses also reflect that the sediments are dominantly a mixture of felsic (e.g., granitic/Gneiss, quartzite, amphibolite, granulite facies rock types) and some of mafic source (e.g., alkali-basalt/greenschist facies). It may occur, since 60% of the sedimentary flux carried out by the river from low-grade metamorphic rock and the rest from high-grade rock (in the west and north Sikkim Himalaya respectively). The weathering indices highlight that the source rocks have not undergone significant chemical weathering. The immature sorting status and petrographic evidences indicate that the sediments deposited in the Tista river basin are simply the product of mechanically weathered rocks.

English

Over the years, we have seen the growth of Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)' activities in Bangladesh and their massive influence on its development process. This article looks at the field-workers employed by local NGOs in Bangladesh. This paper's main objective is to find out funding pattern, project continuation, and their effects on field workers' careers. A total of 50 respondents were randomly selected from 10 local NGOs of the Rajshahi City Corporation Area (in the north-western part of Bangladesh). It was found that NGOs' foreign funding declined in Bangladesh due to its transformation to a middle-income economy. A large number of field-based workers lost their jobs from local NGOs due to fund crisis. Current development workers were worried about their job. Their lives and livelihoods were at risk. Almost every aspect of Bangladesh's socio-economic development has had local NGOs' input, including women's development, microfinance, education, and health. Services of field workers are still very much needed. Key words: Bangladesh, career, field-workers, foreign fund, local NGOs, well-being.

Parenting and child’s (five years to eighteen years) digital game addiction: A qualitative study in North-Western part of Bangladesh

Globally, addiction to digital game among the children and adolescents is a growing concern due to its increasing rate of users and adverse effects on their personal including health and social life. Reviewing the literatures shows a number of factors for child’s digital game addiction. Of the literatures, only a few plausibly shows some form of parenting be a cause for digital game addiction, but under what conditions of parenting influence child to be addicted to digital game is not adequately addressed. Aiming to address the gap, a qualitative study was conducted in North-western Bangladesh using Ethnographic Interview with children and Indepth Interview with parents. The data was analyzed manually following thematic framework. The result of the study shows troubled child-parent relationship and parental attitudes for making their child competitive in education, parental neglect, loneliness and anxiety of the child, and permissive parenting are attributed to digital game addiction. Its social basis is emanated from the family’s asymmetrical role in a market based society. Making a child competitive and capable for future market system is over prioritized, whereas providing emotional security is undermined. It also argued that in a capitalistic society, parents has turned tobe a less authoritative figure to deal children’s issue due to the father’s inability to address economic needs of the family adequately and mothers’ economic dependence to their male counter-part. In such a context, parents are compelled to minimize the gap by offering or allowing child to digital game and so gradually children become addicted to digital game. This argument supported the idea of Frankfurt school on how people attracted and depended on culture industry.

Application of box-jenkins models for forecasting drought in north-western part of Bangladesh

Application of box-jenkins models for forecasting drought in north-western part of Bangladesh

Climate Change and Aman Rice Yield Nexus in the North-Western Part of Bangladesh: Using Quantile Regression

Aman is a rain-fed crop that is the second-largest rice crop in Bangladesh in general and in particular, in the study area with respect to the volume of production. It also carries significant value in the case of food security as well as livelihood options for many farmers. At this backdrop, the study focuses on exploring the relationship between climate change variables (Average Maximum Temperature, Average Minimum Temperature, Total rainfall, Average Relative Humidity) and Yield of Aman in Bogra and Joypurhat districts of Bangladesh. In this case, quantile regression at the median is used to examine climate change and Aman rice interrelations using time series data from 1969 to 2013. The findings of the study reveal that Average Maximum Temperature and Total Rainfall has a positive impact on the Aman yield production in the study area. Considering the future severe adverse effects of climate change on food security and nutrition, and employment aspects in the study area, the study, therefore, recommends the concerned authorities to strengthen their efforts to develop, and distribute of drought-tolerant HYV of Aman rice among the farmers at an affordable rate. Meanwhile, the farmers should be encouraged to cultivate drought-tolerant and less water-fed crops.

English

Wheat (Triticum aesum L.) production in Bangladesh is often impaired by heat stress. Therefore, it has been a priority to develop heat tolerant wheat variety for Bangladesh. An investigation was carried out to evaluate locally cultivated wheat genotypes for heat tolerance based on morpho-physiological and molecular markers. A pot experiment was carried out with ten locally cultivated wheat genotypes. Heat treatment was imposed, 5 days after anthesis, in a plant growth chamber at 35°C and 70% RH for 3 days. The heat stress affected all the yield contributing characters and ultimately led to a reduction in grain yield. BARI gom-29, BARI gom-30 and BARI gom-28 emerged as heat tolerant variety on the basis of susceptibility index and tolerance efficiency. While, Shatabdi, BARI gom-23, BARI gom-26 and BARI gom-24 were heat susceptible. Twenty six wheat genotypes were screened for heat tolerance through seven linked SSR markers that generated 44 alleles among the 26 wheat genotypes with an average of 6.28 alleles per locus. Overall polymorphism information content (PIC) and Nei’s gene diversity were 0.68 and 0.72, respectively. Similarity indices based unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis separated 26 genotypes into five different clusters. Two morphologically identified tolerant genotypes namely BARI gom-29, BARI gom-30 and one moderate genotype BARI gom-22 were grouped in cluster 2. Therefore, these three varieties can be suitable for cultivation in the north-western part of Bangladesh as heat tolerant cultivars. Key words: Diversity, heat tolerance efficiency, heat susceptibility index, SSR marker.