North American Academics Research Articles

Disrupting and Re-imagining European Studies: towards a More Diverse and Inclusive Discipline

In 2019, UACES and the European Studies Association of Sub-Saharan Africa (ESA-SSA) launched a project funded by the European Commission’s Erasmus Plus Jean Monnet Projects. The aim of the programme was to encourage and promote diversity within European Studies - broadly defined. The project, ‘Diversity, Inclusion and Multidisciplinarity in European Studies’ (DIMES) sought to explore ways to increase diversity within the field of European Studies, in particular with regards to the ethnicity, disciplinary focus, geographical location of its participants and eventually knowledge production within European Studies itself. The outlined aims of the project were threefold: 1) to improve the representation of BIPOC (black, indigenous, people of colour) academics within UACES and European studies more generally; 2) to move away from the emphasis on Western European and North American academics towards greater inclusion for scholars from under-represented, even marginalised geographies; 3) to broaden the disciplinary focus of contemporary European Studies to include adjacent/related disciplines such as anthropology, human geography, cultural studies and sociology.

Church History from the International Periphery: The South American Perspective

Church History from the International Periphery: The South American Perspective

Steven Universe

Steven Universe

North American Academics in East Asia: Life in the English-speaking Enclave

While the hiring of international faculty is increasing among competitive universities, some universities face a major challenge in doing so: their foreign hires do not speak the primary language of instruction of that university. This study examines the host country language skills of expatriate academics in two countries: Korea and Japan. Specifically, this study investigates (a) the study effort invested and (b) the language proficiency achieved by native English-speaking professors on tenure track positions. Expatriate faculty had several predictors of their language learning success. Specifically, the well-known factors facilitating language learning played important roles. The findings are discussed within the framework of sociocultural adjustment and career prospects that exist for expatriate professors in Korean and Japanese higher education.

Attitudes of North American Academics toward Open Access Scholarly Journals

Attitudes of North American Academics toward Open Access Scholarly Journals

The Divergence and Convergence of Critical Reflection and Critical Reflexivity: Implications for Health Professions Education.

As a field, health professions education (HPE) has begun to answer calls to draw on social sciences and humanities (SS&H) knowledge and approaches for curricular content, design, and pedagogy. Two commonly used SS&H concepts in HPE are critical reflection and critical reflexivity. But these are often conflated, misunderstood, and misapplied. Improved clarity of these concepts may positively affect both the education and practice of health professionals. Thus, the authors seek to clarify the origins of each, identify the similarities and differences between them, and delineate the types of teaching and assessment methods that fit with critical reflection and/or critical reflexivity. Common to both concepts is an ultimate goal of social improvement. Key differences include the material emphasis of critical reflection and the discursive emphasis of critical reflexivity. These similarities and differences result in some different and some similar teaching and assessment approaches, which are highlighted through examples. The authors stress that all scientific and social scientific concepts and methods imported into HPE must be subject to continued scrutiny both from within their originating disciplines and in HPE. This continued questioning is core to the ongoing development of the HPE field and also to health professionals' thinking and practice.

Hidden Lessons for Developing Journals: A Case of North American Academics Publishing in South Korea

The number of scholarly journals being published in Korea has massively expanded since the late 1990s, and this expansion has been accompanied by larger numbers of international scholars from outside Korea publishing in Korean journals. Alongside this expansion in the number of Korean journals has been an increase in competition among journals, a need for journals to seek recognition from various authorities, and a desire to expand readership beyond Korea. However, little has been written about these important changes in Korean scholarly publishing. This article provides an overview of the current state of Korean scholarly publishing and then examines the experiences of international academics publishing in Korean journals. Finally, this article discusses five lessons that can productively inform those who are refashioning Korean journals in this new, highly competitive environment of global publishing.

The Paraguay Reader: History, Culture, Politics

The Paraguay Reader: History, Culture, Politics

15 years of theJournal of Intellectual Capitaland counting

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to review and critique the current status of intellectual capital (IC) research as published in theJournal of Intellectual Capital(JIC) as it heads into its 15th year with a view to understanding the past and possible direction of future IC research.Design/methodology/approach– Articles published in theJICare reviewed building on prior IC research and analysis by Guthrieet al.(2012) and Dumay and Garanina (2013). To help understand the impact of articles in theJICthe analysis is supplemented by including citation data from google scholar, journal impact data from the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal, and the 2013 Australian Business Dean's Council (ABDC) journal ranking list. Also included is commentary from theJIC's senior editors based on their responses to questions asked via e-mail relating to their involvement in, and the future of, theJIC.Findings– TheJICfaces a challenge as it is most recognised as an accounting journal despite its focus on managing IC. The research published in theJICis multidisciplinary as it comes from a wide range of perspectives. However, there appears to be a paucity of research emanating from different perspectives, most notably from North American academics, and a lack of focus on the private and public sectors. However, new perspectives of IC, especially that associated with IC praxis and the third stage of IC research are emerging as transformational opportunities for future IC research, along with the opportunity to experiment with transdisciplinary research.Originality/value– The paper presents a comprehensive critical review of the articles published in theJICalong with measuring the impact of the articles using citation data from google scholar. Using this approach, the type of research and its impacts can be simultaneously assessed to offer insights into future transformational IC research opportunities, and how IC researchers and theJICcan also be transformational.

Undermining democratic capacity: myth-making and oil development in Amazonian Ecuador

Over the past 20 yr, a standard narrative has evolved to describe the impacts of oil development in Ecuador’s Amazon region. According to this narrative, international oil companies exploited weak government oversight to destroy the rain forest and harm native communities. Eventually, Amazonian Indians and environmentalists joined together to fight ‘big oil’ in courts of law and public opinion. This story has been told in countless international campaigns, Internet posts, news and magazine articles, and even in a recent movie. Among North American and European academics, plaintiffs’ lawyers, and journalists, it has now become almost a certainty. Yet many of its assumptions and implications remain unexamined. Are the essential facts true? Should private companies be held accountable for sovereign decisions made by government about oil development and indigenous rights? Why is this discourse so popular in the US, Canada, and Europe, but dismissed by many Ecuadorian social scientists? Using historical evidence and 3 case studies, we conclude that the standard narrative as it stands today obscures more than it explains and may undermine democratic governance in Ecuador.

Afghanistan Seen Through Different Lenses

These two books exemplify the extraordinarily wide range of interests, sentiments, political sensibilities, and even scholarly pursuits of theory development that the latest war in Afghanistan has generated. Globalizing Afghanistan is a collection of essays by a group of North American academics trained in literary criticism, cultural and feminist studies, and the history of regions other than Central Asia. It tells us little about the Afghan conflict, but indicates how some Western-based intellectuals relate to the conflict in terms of theoretical paradigms and political engagement. Dynamics of Political Development in Afghanistan is an engaged narrative of modern Afghan history written by an Afghan scholar (with a Ph.D. from the United States) and social activist. Hafizullah Emadi's narrative voices sentiments that are increasingly heard among Afghan reformist intellectuals—anger, critical awareness, and, perhaps, some hope. Afghanistan has long exerted a powerful influence on the political imagination of the West. This has been even more so during the latest war, owing to the circumstances which led the United States to intervene and the protracted, unresolved insurgency that the military intervention provoked. What does Globalizing Afghanistan add to the enormous and varied literature that these events have generated?

A Multi-Dimensional Examination of Marketing Journal Rankings by North American Academics

This paper extends the journal ranking debate by developing weighted multi-dimensional perceptual rankings based on respondents’ evaluation of a journals’ prestige, contribution to theory, contribution to practice and contribution to teaching. Spearman correlations indicate that journal rankings based on each of the evaluative criteria are statistically significantly correlated for all pairs of criteria, other than teaching and theory. The multi-dimensional evaluation is also statistically significantly correlated to all individual criteria, other than the teaching dimension. A cluster analysis of the journals using the four evaluative criteria identified that there are three groupings of journals: A, B and C. In most cases, A journals are evaluated as performing better than B journals on each of evaluative criteria other than for the contribution to teaching where there are no difference in perceptions between groups. B journals are viewed to perform better than C journals on prestige, contribution to practice and contribution to teaching, but not based on their prestige of weighed evaluation. This suggests that there are differences in how academics view each group of journals, although these differences do seem to vary based on the grouping being considered (i.e., A, B, or C).

Publishing in socially oriented journals – the state of play in Asia

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine institutional publishing in six socially oriented marketing journals generally and then to explore the performance within Asian institutions and those within Australia and New Zealand, in detail.Design/methodology/approachAuthorships of Journal of Macromarketing, Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Journal of Non‐Profit and Public Sector Marketing, International Journal of Non‐Profit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, and Social Marketing Quarterly, from 1999‐2003, were tracked by institution and nationality of school. Results are reported for both number of authors and per cent of authorship.FindingsThere is a dominance of publishing by North American academics within the social area. Asian academics appear to be generally under‐represented, based on the region's size, although scholars in Australia and New Zealand perform relatively better than one might anticipate.Research limitations/implicationsA review of socially oriented publishing performance by institutions in Asia identifies that socially oriented research appears to be a focus in Australia and New Zealand across a range of institutions, but occurs less frequently in other Asian countries.Practical implicationsResults are useful for understanding the role of socially oriented research among scholars in Asia and the Pacific. While Australia and New Zealand have made marks in socially oriented research, it appears to be a potential growth area for marketing scholars in Asia and the Pacific.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to examine the role of geography in publishing among those interested in social issues in marketing.

Financial scandals, accounting change and the role of accounting academics: A perspective from North America

This paper examines the responses of North American academics to the recent wave of accounting and audit scandals, pointing out that the main response has either been to appeal to a moralistic concept of ethics or to portray them as isolated incidents or indicative of problems elsewhere (e.g. relating to investment advice). We suggest that these responses fail to address the social and political context of accounting. Drawing on Bourdieu's framework for analysing academic work, the paper locates North American accounting academia, even though it is quite fragmented and diverse, in the Corporate University, and the allegiances of North American accounting academics to the accounting industry. However, recent scandals also provide an opportunity to intervene effectively and produce meaningful change. Through collective action, perhaps through the Association for Integrity in Accounting, we offer suggestions for interventions to produce substantive and worthwhile changes in teaching and research.

Accounting and Business Research contents 33-1

This paper has been produced in reaction to the publication of the AICPA/AAA monograph entitledAuditing Practice, Research, and Education: A Productive Collaboration . In our view, the monograph relied on a narrow conception of auditing-research usefulness. This paper aims to investigate usefulness of auditing research from a perspective more global than that of the monograph. Our theoretical discussion focuses on who may benefit from auditing research and in what ways. We supplemented our theoretical work with an empirical assessment of auditing-research usefulness from the point of view of auditors. In particular, we content analysed a series of auditing-research articles written by North American academics and published in a set of journals that, collectively, play a large role in validating these academics’ knowledge claims. Our results suggest that auditing research is to a large extent “useful" to auditors, that is to say, auditing papers generally possess a relatively high degree of applicability, and the degree to which auditing papers threaten the legitimacy of the auditing profession is relatively low. We then put forward that this degree of usefulness is the result of auditors’ efforts to control the auditing-research community. In fact, research resources, such as business funding of research, allow auditors to exert influence over academic researchers in their quest to capture the research community.

Exorcismos de la memoria. Políticas y poéticas de la melancolía en la España de la transición (review)

286 Arizona fournal of Hispanic Cultural Studies widi which we need not concern ourselves here" or "the problem is, then, broad and complex, and cannot be exhaustively dealt with here" ( 127,206). Readers may be frustrated at times and hardpressed to keep pace, but my recommendation is to not give up. The rewards to be gained from Rodriguez's study are many. His vast erudition and conceptual sophistication require that we approach the text repeatedly in order to grasp the totality of the author's project. For this is not "theory" as practiced by most North American academics (too often reduced to citing audiorities and accumulating abstractions) but a full-scale elaboration of an entire philosophical system. Rodriguez puts it this way: "As a text of (historical) literary theory, this book is nothing if not theoretical. It is not a historicist book or criticism as usually understood" (33). Although the book is divided into four "parts," the material covered cannot be contained within the borders of a linear trajectory. The Introduction boldly deconstructs the category of "literature " itself, asserting that "literarure" has not always existed but is a by-product of the ideological matrix that invents the bourgeois subject. The author then turns to a critique of Macherey and Balibar with asides on Weber, Camus, and Russian formalism. Part one opens with a discussion of die emergence of the public/private dialectic in the sixteenth century and its relation to the absolutist state. Hete the important binary "organicism (or substantialismj/animism" is inrroduced, the former a thematic born of the feudal matrix, rhe latter identified widi the bourgeois ideological field. Because Rodriguez is consistendy dialectical we soon learn that both sides of the binary exist in the other and so a "feudal animism" or spiritualism appears on the horizon. Related categories surface as a vast epistemological terrain is mapped out— Neoplatonism, Cartesian mechanicism, rationalism —and links are traced to early modern theater and its tropes of incest and androgyny. Rodriguez is equally at home in the Italian, English, or Spanish national archive. Parts two and three (the latter significantly longer than other sections) are no less impressive. We learn that the transition from feudalism to capitalism is not a "passage" (a Hegelian or Kantian concept) but a coexistence held together at the level of the political, i.e., die Absolutist State and its apparatuses. Brief but brilliant analyses abound— the Renaissance's construction of the Ancient world, the revolt of the Comuneros, and the Private Epistles of Antonio de Guevara. Part three presents an amazing unpacking of the sonnet form and exhaustive readings of die poetry of Garcilaso, Boscán, Fray Luis, San Juan de la Cruz, and Fernando de Herrera. The book concludes in Part four with an account of the Spanish monarchy's attempt to drive underground the animist matrix and its subsequent appearance in a different register in England and the poetry of John Donne. In his assessment of Garcilaso's achievement, Rodriguez coins a phrase rhat we might well apply to the work of Rodriguez himself: "Garcilaso's production constantly shows itself to be a unity whose perfection lies in its oscillating, that is to say, uneven, articulation" (153). To what extent can this book now almost thirty years old, deeply committed to a Marxist world view and a radically historicized analysis of ideologies, have an impact on North American Spanish studies given its longstanding dismissal of reading methods associated with the political left? Realistically speaking, the probability is slight that Rodriguez's approach will have wide appeal in the U.S. corporate university. But its appearance in English is a landmark event precisely because at unexpected moments in the future "free subjects" (who are not free at all) will pick up Theory and History of Ideological Production and build upon its insights in order to contest the academic status quo and reanimate new generations of anglophone Hispanism. George Mariscal University of California, San Diego Exorcismos de L· memoria. PolÃ-ticas y poéticas de L· meL·ncolÃ-a en L· España de L· transición Ediciones Libertarias, 2001 By Alberto Medina DomÃ-nguez Alberto Medina's text constitutes one of the most brilliant analyses...

The Finca Vigía Archives: A Joint Cuban-American Project to Preserve Hemingway's Papers

the wooden cellar door slid open with a creak and a groan. We picked our way down the steep steps and bent to avoid hitting our heads on the low ceiling. After a year ofdelicate negotiations, we were inside the basement ofErnest Hemingway's Cuban villa, Finca Vigia. This dank, low room, dug out of the underside of the guest house, contains thousands ofHemingway's last remaining unexamined papers, letters, personal photographs, and manuscript documents. The Cubans are immensely proud oftheir efforts to preserve Hemingway's legacy, which has always served as a potentially strong cultural bond between the American and Cuban peoples. But the U.S. embargo ofCuba, the Bay of Pigs invasion, and the years ofCold War relations had kept the materials—and his 9,000 book library—out ofthe reach ofAmerican scholars. Relations between the Cuban curators of the documents and the North American academics and scholars who had over the years sought these materials had become strained. Now, a trust has been forged. A unique joint Cuban/American cultural project has been launched. As part ofthat, we were about to see what was in the boxes and files in the basement, a treasure trove that has been out ofsight and inaccessible for decades..The moment was replete with suspense. This was also the culmination of a personal odyssey that stretched back over sixty years. My grandfather, Maxwell Perkins, was Ernest Hemingway's

On Art and Nature and Other Essays by Eugene Vinaver (review)

146arthuriana W.D. Snodgrass and Fredric Jameson. At the same time, it leads us into the realms of medieval scholarship itself. Here contributors examine the critical works of Ernst Robert Curtius, George Lyman Kittredge, E.T. Donaldson, Lee Patterson, and David Wallace. The final essay evaluates textual and bibliographic history in the light of developments in modern electronic media and especially the phenomenon of the hypertext. The scope and reach ofthe book is impressive, and (given the U.S. dominance of the field of medieval studies generally) it is something ofa relief to encounter essays by European as well as North American academics. For the most part, however, the European contributions are from Germany rather than from a range of countries. The volume as a whole does not have many obvious errors, although there is a disparity between the table of contents and the actual title of Theresa Ann Sears's essay. Unfortunately, despite the logical structuring ofthe sections and ofthe essays within them, the anthology is not entirely user-friendly. The introduction, as well as offering chapter summaries, does make a creditable attempt to draw together the various strands ofthe book, but there is no index and little or no cross-referencing between individual contributions. The book also lacks any sort of bibliographical material beyond that found in the footnotes. While many presses, for entirely pragmatic reasons, discourage editors of multi-author volumes from compiling a general bibliography, the interests of the readers are rarely best served by such advice. Nonetheless, in terms ofcontent, this is a coherent, interesting and informative volume. Medievalism in the Modern World'is a welcome addition to a developing field. DIANE WATT University ofWales, Aberystwyth Eugene vinaver, On ArtandNature and Other Essays. Ed. W.R.J. Barron. Whitstablc, Kent (available through Arthuriana), 2000. Pp. x, 90. (no isbn) $12. Oddly, ofthe last five books I have been invited to review, four are by authors now deceased. I initially found that somewhat disconcerting and was not entirely sure what to make of it, except that it confirms ars longa, vita brevis. But some art lasts longer than other art, and this slim volume dramatically demonstrates the durability of Eugene Vinaver's work. On Art and Nature and Other Essays was privately published in honor of the hundredth anniversary of Vinaver's birth in 1899. It was edited by W.R.J. Barron, who provides a biographical sketch of Vinaver and compiles a list of the latter's publications, which extend from 1925 to 1990 (and now, with this book, to 2000). The volume contains six essays, all of them but one originally presented as lectures, all but one later published. So in theory there is nothing entirely new here (except for a few notes and clarifications): it is simply a fitting commemoration ofthe life and career of one ofthe major figures in our field. That is how I initially approached this book. In fact, I had at one time or another read four ofthe five published essays, and I have frequently cited 'Form and Meaning REVIEWS147 in Medieval Romance' (Vinaver's 1965-66 presidential address for the Modern Humanities Research Association), in which he develops his analogy of structural interlace (in the Vulgate Cycle) to tapestry: 'a single cut across it, made at any point, would unravel it all' (p. 38). In any event, I looked forward to an evening or two of pleasant re-reading, and I certainly had that, but also much more. I found myself again in the presence ofan extraordinary mind, a scholar of impressive learning and breadth and critical sensitivity, and—above all—a humanist whose erudition is clothed in uncommon (and sincere) modesty. The essays that will be of most interest to—and in some cases most familiar to— Arthurians are 'Form and Meaning' (pp. 33-46); 'Tristan et Iseut à travers le temps' (from 1961; pp. 73—84, an appreciation and analysis ofthe French Tristan poems, dealing with the relationships of form to harmony and of the outmoded equation of 'authenticity' with beauty); andVinaver's familiar discussion ofthe problem ofMalory's 'work' or 'works' in 'On Art and Nature: A Letter to CS. Lewis' (a response [pp. 1-11...

Academic auditing research: an exploratory investigation into its usefulness

This paper has been produced in reaction to the publication of the AICPA/AAA monograph entitledAuditing Practice, Research, and Education: A Productive Collaboration . In our view, the monograph relied on a narrow conception of auditing-research usefulness. This paper aims to investigate usefulness of auditing research from a perspective more global than that of the monograph. Our theoretical discussion focuses on who may benefit from auditing research and in what ways. We supplemented our theoretical work with an empirical assessment of auditing-research usefulness from the point of view of auditors. In particular, we content analysed a series of auditing-research articles written by North American academics and published in a set of journals that, collectively, play a large role in validating these academics’ knowledge claims. Our results suggest that auditing research is to a large extent “useful" to auditors, that is to say, auditing papers generally possess a relatively high degree of applicability, and the degree to which auditing papers threaten the legitimacy of the auditing profession is relatively low. We then put forward that this degree of usefulness is the result of auditors’ efforts to control the auditing-research community. In fact, research resources, such as business funding of research, allow auditors to exert influence over academic researchers in their quest to capture the research community.

Ethics Control Mechanisms: A Comparative Observation of Hong Kong Companies

Managers with different cultural backgrounds and under different circumstances have different views on what is acceptable ethical behaviour. This study attempts to determine whether major companies in Hong Kong share the same views as North American academics on what management ethical standards ought to be, and if so, whether any control mechanisms have been established to instill ethical behaviour within their organizations. Notable differences between the practice in these companies and those from a similar survey conducted in North America are identified and explained. The management accountant's role in the development and implementation of such mechanisms is investigated.