Normal Keyboard Research Articles

EXPRESS:Spatial Organisation in the Human Mind as a Function of the Distance Between Stimuli.

Studies investigating serial order in working memory have shown that participants from Western cultures are faster at responding to items presented at the beginning of a sequence using their left hand and faster at responding to items at the end with their right hand. This is known as the spatial positional association of response codes (SPoARC) effect. The SPoARC effect provides evidence that recently presented information is spatially organised in the cognitive system along a horizontal axis. This study investigated the flexibility of spatialisation by testing the effect that distance between items presented on a screen has on the magnitude of the SPoARC effect. It was hypothesised that by increasing the distance between items on a screen a larger SPoARC effect would be found. We used three conditions: central, narrow, and wide. In central, four random letters were presented sequentially at the centre of the screen, in narrow the letters were presented from left to right on the screen, wide was the same as narrow but the separation between the letters was larger. Participants consisted of 64 adults aged 18-55 years old. Participants were presented with four random letters, followed by single probe letter, participants had to indicate, by pressing a key on a normal keyboard, if the probe had been in the sequence. We analysed the data with multilevel modelling. We found evidence for the SPoARC effect in all three conditions. But no evidence that the effect varied between conditions.

Capacitive Touch Sensitive Vibro-Haptic Typing Training System for the Visually Impaired

The proposed system implements a vibro-haptic glove device which works in tandem to a customized computer keyboard with capacitive touch sensitivity, facilitating a fast-paced typing method for the visually impaired. A normal keyboard is retro-fitted with a “capacitive sense” membrane that activates on human touch, along with a pair of fingerless haptic gloves with vibrators on each finger and a pair of Bluetooth earphones. The visually impaired user receives audible and haptic cues facilitating learning to type the correct key using the right finger on the computer keyboard. This utilizes the Passive-Haptic-Learning (PHL) paradigm for fast paced multisensory learning. A group of blind students were chosen and trained on this system for one month. There were pre and post training assessments conducted, and their scores compared. The findings showcased positive results.

DESIGN OF A DUAL KEYBOARD

The design of a computer keyboard with dual function is proposed. This computer keyboard called Dual Keyboard can function both as a normal keyboard and as a pressure sensitive keyboard. The proposed device has a switch that decides the function. The keyboard makes use of sensors placed beneath the keys to measure the pressure applied on the key by the user. This device has many applications. In this study, it is applied to mitigate Denial of Service (DoS) attack.

Developing Web Browser-Jan

A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources. It can also be defined as an application software or program designed to enable users to access, retrieve and view documents and other resources on the Internet. The major web browsers are Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, and Safari. JAN web browser mainly focused for users who need efficient resource and save their time. Our web browser is based on the concept of data mining where the data is extracted from the huge resource called internet. JAN browser consists of additional feature like virtual keyboard which is used for security purpose where the password cannot be hacked and also our browser support HTTP Secure and offer quick and easy ways to delete the web cache, cookies, and browsing history, it also shown the current time and date using time and date the user can set the alarm for their work. This browser also has a speed dialing concept where the speed dialing is assigned in network wise whereas in existing browser this type of concept is not found. And also this browser will give the user to save their document in their required format. So our project will result in the satisfaction of users for what they expect Keywords - Browser, Speed dialing, Secure, virtual keyboard I. INTRODUCTION The current world is running faster in all environments the user doesn't have time to wait for a moment to get any resources. The present browser made the user to search a resource in difficult manner for example in present browser the user need to memorize the website and URL to search correct location else they need to view all the website which was given by the browser. Browser doesn't have any security for internet usage anyone can access other's browser without any authentication. To overcome above given difficulties a new web browser is developed which help the user to get their resources efficiently and provide security to browser. This project contain features such as speed dialing which provide all website which were frequently used by the user and the website are separate depending upon their fields. For example audio and video speed dialing in this we provide all website which is related to the field it make the user to get their required website easily and user don't need of memorize. Similarly this project contains all website which is related to their fields. Our web browser contains the login page where every new user should register for getting their username and password to login our browser. It handles a new method called Virtual Keyboard which is not like a normal keyboard. Its special feature is shuffling the keys each time. To avoid hacking this keyboard is used.

The impact of candidate display styles for Japanese and Chinese characters on input efficiency

Entering non-alphabetic text for languages such as Japanese and Chinese into a computer typically consists of typing Roman character-based phonemes and selecting the intended Japanese or Chinese character from a list of homophonic candidates. This paper presents a study of four candidate display styles. Three of them, Vertical, Horizontal, and Compact-Horizontal, are used in commercial products. The fourth style, Matrix, is novel. The candidate display style is studied in conjunction with various manual selection devices including Mouse, Numeric Keys, Spacebar, Cursor Key, and Numeric Keypad. Results show that a great deal of time is taken to choose the correct character in both Chinese and Japanese input. The candidate display style affects both input efficiency and subjective preference. Results also show that the Compact-Horizontal display style outperforms other display styles with a normal keyboard but the Matrix display style is the most efficient when used with a Numeric Keypad due to stimulus–response compatibility and the movement efficiency of such a design.

Building and Testing Optimized Keyboards for Specific Text Entry

We explore how to optimally design systems for information input. As computers are introduced into ever more devices with new methods of inputting information, there is a need for specialized systems that are optimally designed for their particular use. The study demonstrates how to use a model of text entry times to build optimized keyboards for specific sets of text. The technique is demonstrated by using Fitts' law to model text entry times. Alphabet letters are assigned to keys in a way that minimizes predicted entry time for the specified set of text. The predicted entry times are validated by an experiment in which two keyboards are optimized for different sets of text. Text entry is faster for the keyboard optimized for that text compared with the keyboard optimized for the other text. Learning to use the keyboards is fairly quick, with significant learning being observed after only one half-hour session. There is a need and an ability to design specialized keyboards for some situations. The study demonstrates that optimization of keyboards can decrease text entry times. This research shows how to design optimized keyboards for many different situations. The approach should be useful for aviation, medical, industrial, and other specialized situations in which normal keyboard designs cannot be used.

10 Inventions on Special Type of Keyboards

A keyboard is the most important input device for a computer. It is used with various types and sizes of computer. But the same standard keyboard will not work efficiently with different types of computers at different environments. There is a need to develop special keyboards to meet special requirements. This article illustrates 10 inventions on special types of keyboards. The special keyboard are used in special computers or computers used for special purposes. A special keyboard is to be understood as a keyboard having features beyond a normal keyboard. The example of special keyboards are, a children's keyboard which may be colorful and attractive, a keyboard in public place need to be more robust, the keyboard in a palmtop may have less number of keys, the keyboard for a game station may have special attachments, a multimedia keyboard may have CD ROM and speakers, a wireless keyboard may have remote control features, a touch sensitive keyboard may have sensors on the keys and so on.

The Helical Keyboard: Perspectives for Spatial Auditory Displays and Visual Music

Auditory displays with the ability to dynamically spatialize virtual sound sources under real-time conditions enable advanced applications for art and music. A listener can be deeply immersed while interacting and participating in the experience. We review some of those applications while focusing on the Helical Keyboard project and discussing the required technology. Inspired by the cyclical nature of octaves and helical structure of a scale, a model of a piano-style keyboard was prepared, which was then geometrically warped into a helicoidal configuration, one octave/revolution, pitch mapped to height and chroma. It can be driven by MIDI events, real-time or sequenced, which stream is both synthesized and spatialized by a spatial sound display. The sound of the respective notes is spatialized with respect to sinks, avatars of the human user, by default in the tube of the helix. Alternative coloring schemes can be applied, including a color map compatible with chromastereoptic eyewear. The graphical display animates polygons, interpolating between the notes of a chord across the tube of the helix. Recognition of simple chords allows directionalization of all the notes of a major triad from the position of its musical root. The system is designed to allow, for instance, separate audition of harmony and melody, commonly played by the left and right hands, respectively, on a normal keyboard. Perhaps the most exotic feature of the interface is the ability to fork one’s presence, replicating subject instead of object by installing multiple sinks at arbitrary places around a virtual scene so that, for example, harmony and melody can be separately spatialized, using two heads to normalize the octave; such a technique effectively doubles the helix from the perspective of a single listener. Rather than a symmetric arrangement of the individual helices, they are perceptually superimposed in-phase, co-extensively, so that corresponding notes in different registers are at the same azimuth.

The use of automated speech recognition in diagnostic radiology

Applicability and benefits of digital speech recognition in diagnostic radiology were tested using the speech recognition system SP 6000. The speech recognition system SP 6000 was integrated into the network of the institute and connected to the existing Radiological Information System (RIS). Three subjects used this system for writing 2305 findings from dictation. After the recognition process the date, length of dictation, time required for checking/correction, kind of examination and error rate were recorded for every dictation. With the same subjects, a correlation was performed with 625 conventionally written finding. After an 1-hour initial training the average error rates were 8.4 to 13.3%. The first adaptation of the speech recognition system (after nine days) decreased the average error rates to 2.4 to 10.7% due to the ability of the program to learn. The 2nd and 3rd adaptations resulted only in small changes of the error rate. An individual comparison of the error rate developments in the same kind of investigation showed the relative independence of the error rate on the individual user. The results show that the speech recognition system SP 6000 can be evaluated as an advantageous alternative for quickly recording radiological findings. A comparison between manually writing and dictating the findings verifies the individual differences of the writing speeds and shows the advantage of the application of voice recognition when faced with normal keyboard performance.

Handedness Effects on Playing a Reversed or Normal Keyboard

A group of left-handers, approaching the piano for the first time, showed better performance in playing a reversed keyboard (where the pitch decreased from left to right) than a normal keyboard. By testing a separate group of "experienced" lefthanders, it was also found that this observed preference that naive left-handers had for the reversed keyboard can disappear with a few years of practice on a normal keyboard. The initial preference for the reversed keyboard shown by left-handers appeared to be specific for this handedness group, as groups of right-handers, regardless of their level of experience with the piano, performed better with the regular keyboard. Finally, based on these results it was hypothesised that lefthanders would encounter considerable frustration in learning the "right-handed" piano. However, an informal demographic study of piano students enrolling at a school of music did not reveal a substantially low prevalence of left-handed pianists.

Handedness Effects on Playing a Reversed or Normal Keyboard

Handedness Effects on Playing a Reversed or Normal Keyboard

Software Reviews : Eventlog

Eventlog is a software package that transforms a computer into a tool for recording real-time events. By suspending normal keyboard operations, the user is able to define each key to act as a timer for a specific event. The precise times at which specific keys are pressed and released are recorded in a file for later use. Simultaneous and overlapping events can also be recorded. The ease of use and the flexibility of the software make it one of the best computer programs to come along in some time.

Touch sensitive graphics terminal applied to process control

Limited initial demonstrations of the system described took place during September 1980. A single CRT was used an an input device in the control center while operating a furnace and a pellet inspection gage. These two process line devices were completely controlled, despite the longer than desired response times noted, using a single control station located in the control center. The operator could conveniently execute any function from this remote location which could be performed locally at the hard-wired control panels. With the installation of the enhancements, the integrated touchscreen/graphics terminal will provide a preferable alternative to normal keyboard command input devices.

Mechanical pointer for use with handicapped children

For the nonverbal cerebral palsy child, communication with the outside world is a major problem. With those c.p. children who do not suffer complete limb paralysis, limb movement is at least very spastic and prevents them from using normal keyboard writing devices or instruments. During recent years a number of special communication devices have been developed for the use of such children and these range from simple mechanical systems to sophisticated, but costly, electronic systems. The paper describes a simple, inexpensive, yet useful, mechanicalpointer system for such handicapped children, which can be used for a multiaddress communications system as well as a drawing or art instrument for severely involved children.