Normal Body Mass Index Category Research Articles

Analisis Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan Daya Tahan Pada Atlet SSB Persid Sidoluhur Godean Sleman

This research aims to determine the Body Mass Index (BMI) and endurance system of SSB Persid Sidoluhur Godean Sleman Athlete. The research method uses a quantitative approach, the research was carried out by SSB Persid Sidoluhur Godean Sleman with a total of 15 respondents aged 14-15 years using an instrument in the form of a beep test form and then calculations were carried out to obtain the average, median, mode and frequency of the Mass Index. Body (BMI) and beep test form. The research results showed that there were 13 respondents with a normal BMI category and two respondents with a fat BMI category. Meanwhile, the results of measuring the endurance of respondents obtained an average beep test level value of 13.73 with a return number of 6.47, which shows that the average athlete has good endurance in order to increase the training portion. The research conclusions show that the majority of SSB Persid Sidoluhur Godean Sleman athletes have a normal BMI category and a good level of endurance. However, there is a need to monitor athletes with a fat BMI category and increase training that focuses on endurance. It is also important to provide an understanding of balanced diet and nutrition and involve coaches and support staff in the development of a comprehensive training program. In this way, it is hoped that athletes can achieve better achievements in the sport of football. Keywords: Beep Test, Endurance, Body Mass Index (BMI).

Unlocking the potential: exploring the impact of dolutegravir treatment on body mass index improvement in underweight adults with HIV in Malawi.

The introduction of dolutegravir (DTG) in treating HIV has shown enhanced efficacy and tolerability. This study examined changes in weight gain and body mass index (BMI) at 6- and 12-months after post-initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), comparing people living with HIV (PLHIV) on DTG-based regimens with those on non-DTG-based regimens in Malawi. Retrospective cohort data from 40 public health facilities in Malawi were used, including adult ART patients (aged ≥ 15 years) from January 2017 to March 2020. The primary outcomes were BMI changes/transitions, with secondary outcomes focused on estimating the proportion of mean weight gain > 10% post-ART initiation and BMI category transitions. Descriptive statistics and binomial regression were used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted relative risks (RR) of weight gain of more than ( >) 10%. The study included 3,520 adult ART patients with baseline weight after ART initiation, predominantly female (62.7%) and aged 25-49 (61.1%), with a median age of 33 years (interquartile range (IQR), 23-42 years). These findings highlight the influence of age, ART history, and current regimen on weight gain. After 12months follow up, compared to those aged 15-24 years, individuals aged 25-49 had an Adjusted RR (ARR) of 0.5 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.35-0.70), suggesting a 50% reduced likelihood of > 10% weight gain after post-ART initiation. Similarly, those aged 50 + had an ARR of 0.33 (95% CI: 0.20-0.58), indicating a 67% decreased likelihood compared to the youngest age group 15-24 years. This study highlights the positive impact of DTG-based regimens, revealing significant transitions from underweight to normal BMI categories at 6- and 12-months post-initiation. This study provides insights into weight gain patterns in patients on DTG-based regimens compared with those on non-DTG regimens. Younger individuals (15-24 years) exhibited higher odds of weight gain, suggesting a need for increased surveillance in this age group. These findings contribute to the understanding DTG's potential effects on weight gain, aiding clinical decision making. Further research is required to comprehensively understand the underlying mechanisms and long-term implications of weight gain in patients receiving DTG-based regimens.

The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Body Mass Index (BMI) with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Students

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) in students often occurs. EDS can be influenced by several factors, including excessive BMI, poor sleep quality, lifestyle, mental health and neurological disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep quality and body mass index (BMI) with the incidence of excessive daytime sleepiness in students. This research uses a descriptive correlation method with a cross sectional approach. The research sample of 237 respondents who met the inclusion criteria used a probability sampling technique, namely stratified random sampling. The analysis used was bivariate analysis using the Chi Square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The results showed that the majority of respondents were women (90.7%), aged 19-21 years (63.3%), had poor sleep quality (87.8%), normal BMI category (62%), and the majority of respondents experienced Excessive Daytime Sleepiness EDS (71.3%). The chi-square results of the relationship between sleep quality and EDS obtained p-value = 0.937 α (0.05) and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov results of the relationship between BMI and EDS obtained p-value = 0.274 α (0.05). There is no significant relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) in students and there is no relationship between body mass index and the incidence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS). It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as suggestions for students to improve sleep quality.

Prepregnancy body mass index and other risk factors for early-onset and late-onset haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome: a population-based retrospective cohort study in British Columbia, Canada

BackgroundObesity increases risk of pre-eclampsia, but the association with haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome is understudied.ObjectiveTo examine the association between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and...

Interaction between depressive symptoms and obesity-related anthropometric measures on multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from India

BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the associations between depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults. We also examine the interaction effects between depressive symptoms, BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio on multimorbidity among older adults in India.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted, and the data were obtained from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1, with a sample of 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above (men-15,098 and women-16,366). We used multinomial logistic regression to explore the independent associations between depressive symptoms, obesity-measures, and single and multimorbidity. We also estimated the interaction effects of depressive symptoms and obesity-measures on multimorbidity.ResultsThe prevalence of multimorbidity was higher among individuals with depressive symptoms (39.22%) than individuals with no depressive symptoms (29.94%). Adjusted models indicated that older adults with depressive symptoms had higher odds of single and multimorbidity [(AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.17–1.68) and (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.58–2.16), respectively]. Similarly, in comparison to the normal BMI category, overweight and obese older adults were more likely to report single morbidity [(AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.37–1.92 and (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.67–2.75), respectively] and multimorbidity [(AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.72–2.33) and (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 2.94–4.82), respectively].ConclusionThe findings revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms, overweight or obesity, and high-risk anthropometric measures such as high-risk waist circumference and high-risk waist to hip ratio significantly increased the risk of morbidity among older adults in India. Thus, it is suggested to adopt an integrated public health policy approach to control depressive symptoms and high-risk body composition to strategically prepare against the elevated risk of multimorbidity among ageing populations.

An assessment of the relationship between body mass index and minor complications in percutaneous gastrostomy tubes.

The aim of our study was to determine if patients with obesity have different postoperative outcomes than their peers. A single-center retrospective review of all fluoroscopically-guided percutaneous gastrostomy tube, with 183 patients and 90 patients in the BAG and dilator groups, respectively. Patients were stratified, based on body mass index (BMI) percentile and for age. Demographic information and data on medical comorbidities and post-operative complications were collected. All analyses were conducted using Chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis testing. The median BMI was 26.6 kg/m2 with a standard deviation of 7.7. 106 (38.8%) patients were classified in the normal BMI category, 57 (20.9%) were overweight, and 50 (28.3%) were classified as obese. No major complications were reported in either group. 106 patients (38.8%) reported minor complications. The most common complication observed across both groups was procedural pain, with a higher incidence in the balloon group compared to the dilator group (17.5% vs. 12.2%). Dislodgement emerged as the second most common complication, occurring more frequently in the balloon group (12%) compared to the dilator group (6.7%). When considering weight categories, the overall rate of minor complications was highest among underweight patients (57.6%, P = 0.124). Both underweight and normal BMI patients showed a significantly higher incidence of tube dislodgement compared to other BMI categories (27.2% and 9.4%, respectively, P = 0.015). In a multivariable logistic regression, age was associated with an increased risk of minor complications (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, F [1.01, 1.05], P = 0.002). BAG had a greater OR for minor complication rate compared to dilator-assisted gastrostomy, although the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.19, 95% confidence interval [0.69, 2.06]). Few studies have identified the relationship between BMI and complications related to gastrostomy tube placement. Our study highlights the importance of individualized care for patients across different BMI classes to minimize complications and improve patient outcomes.

The Effect of Obesity on Severity of Asthma: An Observational Prospective Study from Pakistan.

The current research study aimed to access the relationship between obesity and asthma exacerbations and severity among adult patients at the outpatient section of a federal hospital (PIMS) in Islamabad, Pakistan. A cross-sectional research study was carried out on 207 asthma adult patients belonging to different areas and ethnic groups from the country. The study setting was the PIMS hospital, which attracts patients from all over the country due to its facilities and cost-effective treatments. The body mass index (BMI) of asthma patients was calculated using the heights and weights of the study subjects. However, the pulmonary functions were calculated using a computerized spirometer i-e Spirolab III S/N 303681 in line with Winspiro PRO 7.1.version software. It presents the patient's forced vital capacity that expires in the first second of expiration to full (FEV1) in comparison to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, that is, Tiffeneau-Pinelli index was also recorded to determine the asthma severity. According to recent surveys, the overall prevalence of patients with overweight and obesity was 29.0% and 23.7%, respectively. A Chi-square test was used, and a statistically significant relationship was observed between BMI and asthma severity (P < 0.001). The adult obese female patients presented poor pulmonary functions. The average FEV1/FVC ratio presented significant variance among four different categories of BMI with P < 0.05. This difference was due to the normal BMI category as the Tiffeneau-Pinelli index, that is, FEV1/FVC in the normal BMI group was significantly lower as compared to that in underweight and obese patients. The study subjects presented raised asthma severity in accordance with the raised BMI. Obese patients presented comparatively raised asthma exacerbations. Moreover, a statistically significant association of gender difference was observed between obesity and asthma severity. It was concluded that adult asthmatic women with obesity presented raised asthma severity as compared to adult asthmatic males.

Added value of waist circumference to body mass index for predicting fracture risk in obesity: a prospective study from the CARTaGENE cohort.

Waist circumference (WC) is a stronger risk factor of metabolic disorders than body mass index (BMI), but whether it holds true for fracture risk prediction remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate relationships between WC and fracture incidence within BMI categories and evaluate whether BMI modifies these relationships. Men and women aged 40-70years from the CARTaGENE cohort were divided by BMI category at baseline: normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Incident fractures were identified over 7years via linkage with healthcare administrative databases. Cox proportional hazard models estimated the relationships between WC and incident fractures at any site and by skeletal site within each BMI category. Results are reported as adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) per 10cm increase in WC. Effect modification was evaluated qualitatively by comparing relationships between BMI categories. Of the 18 236 individuals included, 754 sustained a fracture. Significant relationships were found between WC and distal lower limb fractures in the normal (1.25 [1.08, 1.45]) and overweight (1.28 [1.07, 1.52]) BMI categories, but not in the obesity category. In the overweight category, we found an increased risk of distal upper limb fractures with increasing WC (1.49 [1.04, 2.15]). No significant relationship was observed regarding WC and fracture risk at any site or major osteoporotic fractures. An effect modification of BMI on the relationships between WC and distal lower limb fractures was observed. WC provides both independent and additive information to BMI for the identification of individuals at risk of obesity-related fractures.

Correlation Between Different Parameters of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Obesity.

Objective: To study if obesity had a detrimental effect on troponin after acute coronary syndrome. We investigated the effects of the body mass index (BMI) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, and see the difference in troponin levels and other parameters between normal and overweight patients.Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Data were extracted from the electronic medical files of patients hospitalized due to acute ST-elevation MI to examine the association between BMI and MI. Sixty-one patients were categorized into normal BMI category, overweight, and obese/morbid obesity groups using the baseline measurements, to assess the independent factors associated with a patient with a high BMI who had a MI.Results: In total, 61 post-myocardial infarction patients with a mean age of 56.9 ± 11.2 years were included in the study. The average BMI was 28.5 ± 6.5 kg/m2. Just more than a third (37.4%, n=23) were in the normal BMI category, 19 (31.2%) overweight, and 19 (31.2%) obese/morbid obesity. The mean left ventricle mass was 93.74 ± 32.69 gram and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 44.02% ± 10.02. A significant difference in the mean level of troponin and mean heart rate between the body mass index groups (normal vs. overweight groups) was noted. A fair correlation was noted between BMI and left ventricle mass. No statistically significant relation could be linked to high BMI with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or aspartate transferase/alanine transaminase (AST/ALT) levels.Conclusions: In this pilot study, the group with a high BMI had a statistically significant lower troponin level and higher mean heart rate. Such data need to be considered when assessing a patient’s risk. In addition, obese persons with a MI had a higher left ventricle mass.

Effect Of Smoking Behaviour and The BMI On Ph Levels Of Saliva and Salivary Amylase Activity Among Male Students

Smoking behaviour has a negative impact on health, especially oral health. One of the motivations for consuming tobacco cigarettes is stress condition. Many believe that smoking could reduce their stress. We are using purposive random sampling targeting male students who smoke at the faculty of social and political science. We find 40 individual smoking students as respondents. We measure the pH levels of saliva using universal indicators and then salivary amylase activity from the decrease of substrate (amylum) concentration. Here we find that smoking students have significantly more low salivary pH levels and also salivary amylase activity than control (non-smoking students). This could be an early diagnosis of the oral health issue. However, stress conditions could be indicated by relatively high salivary amylase activity. Our result predicted that smoking perhaps reduces the stress of the students because smoking lowers the salivary amylase rate. Moreover, stress conditions do not influence the saliva flow rate. We also use questionnaires to collect body weight and height to measure the BMI (Body mass index). The BMI data also shows most of the smoking student has a normal category of BMI. Nevertheless, there are no significant differences in Salivary pH levels and amylase activity among the BMI category. A previous study also reported that BMI has no correlation with saliva flow rate. We suggest the university should give education about the negative effect of smoking

Body Mass Index and its relation to patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Objective Obesity is frequently encountered in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but whether it is the cause of a detrimental effect on Troponin after acute coronary syndrome remains an area of research. We investigated the effects of the body mass index (BMI) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, and see the difference in troponin and other parameters between normal and over-weight patients. Design A retrospective cohort study. Place Ministry of National Guard health affair, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Duration of the study One year from January 2019-January 2020 Methodology Data were extracted from the electronic medical files of patients hospitalized due to acute ST-elevation MI to examine the association between BMI and MI. The patients (n=63) were categorized in BMI groups (kg/m2) using the baseline measurements, to assess the independent factors associated with a patient with a high BMI who had a MI. Results In total, 61 post-MI patients with a mean age of 56.9 ± 11.2 years were included in the study. The average BMI was 28.5 ± 6.5 kg/m2. Just more than a third (37.4%, n=23) were in the normal BMI category, 19 (31.2%) overweight, and 19 (31.2%) obese/morbid obesity. The left ventricle mass was 93.74 ± 32.69 gram and LVEF 44.02% ± 10.02. There was a significant difference in the mean level of troponin and mean heart rate between the BMI groups (normal vs. overweight groups). A fair correlation between BMI and LV mass was noted. No statistically significant relation could be linked to high body mass with total cholesterol, LDL, or AST/ALT. Conclusions In this pilot study, the group with a high BMI had a statistically significant lower troponin level and higher mean heart rate. Such data need to be considered when assessing a patient’s risk. In addition, obese persons with a MI had a higher LV mass

Descriptive epidemiology of the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school in Asia: a cross-sectional study from 31 countries

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school (ATS) across 31 countries and territories in Asia, overall and by age group, sex and body mass...

Pregnancy weight gain a balancing act: The experience and perspectives of women participating in a pilot randomised controlled trial

BackgroundSupporting women to achieve healthy gestational weight gain is a global health challenge. Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gains are associated with short and long-term adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. Qualitative studies suggest that symptoms of pregnancy, health professional attitudes, lack of guidance, personal knowledge and beliefs, lack of support, weight stigma, and lack of time and money, are barriers to achieving healthy weight gain. Less is known about women's perceptions and experience of gestational weight gain within normal body mass index categories with even less known about the experience of women motivated to participate in pregnancy weight management intervention trials. AimTo describe the experience and perspectives of women participating in an Australian weight management pilot randomised controlled trial. MethodsFive women from regional New South Wales enrolled in the Eating 4 Two trial, participated in semi - structured interviews during the post-natal period. A qualitative descriptive methodology and inductive thematic analysis was applied. FindingsTwo main themes emerged: 1) Addressing weight gain in pregnancy; and 2) Pregnancy weight the balancing act. Women identified weight gain as an important topic, the need for improvements within maternity services, responsive feedback and realistic support strategies. Women identified pregnancy symptoms, occurring during early and late pregnancy as barriers to achieving healthy weight gain. ConclusionFurther investigation into the effects of pregnancy symptoms on eating and physical activity patterns across pregnancy is warranted. Both qualitative and quantitative research is needed to monitor the translation of guideline recommendations into clinical practice.

Trends in maternal body mass index in Northern Ireland: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

ObjectivesExplore (1) associations between maternal body mass index (BMI), demographic and clinical characteristics, (2) longitudinal trends in BMI, (3) geographical distributions in prevalence of maternal overweight and obesity.DesignRetrospective population-based study.SettingLinked,...

Association of BMI, Physical Activity with Academic Performance among Female Students of Health Colleges of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia.

Body mass index (BMI) is an indicator to detect weight category and known to influence the academic achievements of students. The present study assesses the association of BMI, physical activity with academic performance among undergraduate female students of health colleges, King Khalid University (KKU). Responses from 379 participants were analyzed in the study. Data collection was done by administering an online questionnaire using the university website portal. The questionnaire consists of two sections: the first section includes demographic information along with cumulative Grade point average (GPA) and another section rated student’s physical activity. A high frequency of respondents (53.6%) ranged within the normal BMI category. For academic performance, the majority (79.9%) of students reported high GPA scores with a mean of 4.28 ± 0.41. Upon correlation, academic performance was found negatively correlated with BMI at 0.0001 level of significance, and insignificantly correlated with physical activity. The present study observed that more than half of the respondents had normal BMI. An inverse relationship was observed between BMI and academic performance, showing participants within the normal BMI category achieved significantly higher GPA. In contrast, physical activity directly influenced the academic performance of the subjects. Therefore, the study suggests to enact counselling centers, health clubs in universities urging the students to adopt regular exercise and healthy lifestyle which could prepare them in achieving future endeavors.

Effect of Pre-pregnancy Maternal Body Mass Index on Obstetric Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Goa, India.

Maternal body mass index (BMI) is a vital predictor of the nutritional status of any pregnant woman. Several developing countries like India are facing the double burden of both obesity and malnutrition due the extreme socioeconomic distribution of our population. Thus, this study was undertaken to study the effect of pre-pregnancy maternal BMI on the obstetric outcomes. A retrospective observational study was conducted during the time period of 1year (December 2018-December 2019), wherein we analysed 3940 women who delivered in Goa Medical College. Depending on the maternal BMI calculated at the first antenatal visit, all the study participants were divided into five BMI groups and their obstetric outcomes were studied. Majority of the study participants were in the normal BMI category (49.8%); however, a large number of women were overweight (37.3%), 3.2% were obese, 0.1% were morbidly obese, and 9.6%were underweight. Antenatal complications like anaemia and IUGR were more common in underweight women, whereas pre-eclampsia, GDM, macrosomia, antepartum haemorrhage and preterm labour were more common in obese women. Increased rate of Caesarean sections and postpartum complications like PPH, wound sepsis and puerperal sepsis were observed in overweight and obese women. Thus, adverse obstetric outcomes were observed in extremes of maternal BMI. Hence, there is a need to provide pre-conception counselling to all women in the reproductive age group so that they can achieve normal BMI prior to conception and thus reduce maternal morbidity and mortality rates in our country.

Changes in weight following peroral endoscopic myotomy: results from a North American center.

Background and study aims Weight loss is a feature of untreated achalasia. While weight gain after achalasia treatment is expected, little data exist about the extent of it, particularly after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). We aimed to describe the changes in weight after POEM. Patients and methods A retrospective analysis was performed of patients from March 2016 to March 2020 undergoing POEM by an experienced operator at an academic referral center in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Data examined included pre- and post-POEM body mass index (BMI), procedural characteristics, and Eckardt scores. Results Ninety-two patients underwent POEM during the study period, for 77 of whom follow-up data were available including BMI. Prior to POEM, the median BMI was 26. Six patients (7.8 %) were considered to be underweight, 24 (31.2 %) were normal, 26 (33.8 %) were pre-obese, and 21 (27.2 %) were obese. At a median follow-up of 15 months, the clinical success rate was 95 %. Patients in the normal weight and pre-obesity categories had a significant increase in weight post-POEM. Of the underweight patients, two (33.3 %) moved up to a normal weight category and two (33.3 %) became pre-obese. In the normal BMI category, eight (37.5 %) became pre-obese and one patient (4.2 %) became obese. Ten of the 26 pre-obese patients (38.4 %) were obese post-POEM. Seven of the obese patients (33.3 %) reached Class III (morbid) obesity at follow-up. Conclusions Patients may experience a marked increase in BMI following POEM, with over one-third of patients becoming pre-obese, obese or morbidly obese at follow-up in our study in a North American population. Further study is required to analyze weight gain patterns post-POEM.

Anthropometric Measures and Incident Diabetic Nephropathy in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

BackgroundThe prevalence of diabetes is on the rise globally coupled with its associated complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for the development of DN but it is still unclear which obesity index is the best predictor of incident DN.MethodsData from the participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study were used to examine the sex-specific association between waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body mass index (BMI) with incident DN risk.ResultsAmong the 8,887 participants with T2DM (5,489 men and 3,398 women), 5,296 participants (3,345 men and 1,951 women) developed the DN composite outcome during a follow-up period of 24302 person-years. Among men, null associations were observed between all anthropometric measures with incident DN in the multivariate analysis although the 3rd quartile of WHtR showed marginally significant results (P = 0.052). However, among women, both central and general obesity measures were associated with increased risks of incident DN. Compared with participants in the WC <88 cm category, the fully adjusted HR and 95% CI for those in the ≥88 cm of WC was 1.35 (95% CI 1.15-1.57). Compared with the lowest quartile, the fully adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for the 2nd to the 4th quartile of WHtR were 1.09 (95% CI 0.96-1.25), 1.12 (95% CI 0.98-1.28), and 1.14 (95% CI 1.00-1.30) respectively; also, compared with the normal BMI category, the fully adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for class I – class III obese were 1.36 (95% CI 1.10 – 1.67), 1.43 (95% CI 1.16 – 1.78) and 1.32 (95% CI 1.05 – 1.66) respectively.ConclusionsAmong participants with T2DM, higher levels of both central and general obesity indexes were associated with DN risk among women but not in men. Women with T2DM should maintain a healthy weight targeted at reducing both central and general obesity to enhance nephroprotection. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov., no. NCT00000620.

Abstract 2181: Obesity and the consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. Obesity - a worldwide public health concern - is a known risk factor for cancer including CRC. However, the mechanisms underlying the link between CRC and obesity have yet to be elucidated in part because of the molecular heterogeneity of CRC. In 2015, an international consortium classified CRC into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs). However, the molecular links between the CMSs and obesity have not been investigated. Here, we preformed a transcriptomic analysis to elucidate links between the distinct CMSs and obesity to better understand the pathophysiology of CRC. RNA-seq data and associated tumor and patient characteristics including body weight and height data for 231 patients were obtained from The Cancer Genomic Atlas - Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-COAD) database. Tumor samples were classified into the four CMSs with the CMScaller R package; Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized as normal, overweight, and obese. No significant differences were observed in sex, age, ethnicity, or anatomical location of patient tumors and stage of colon cancer across BMI categories. In contrast, a significant difference in CMS categorization between BMI categories was observed; more CMS3 tumors were observed in the obese than the normal BMI category. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to elucidate CRC enriched pathways with a false discovery rate of P &amp;lt; 0.05 in the obese compared to normal BMI category for each CMS. Inflammation-related Hallmark get sets were enriched in CMS1 (8 gene sets), CMS2 (2 set sets), and CMS4 (8 gene sets), but not in CMS3 tumors. Obesity-linked CMS specific Hallmark gene set enrichment not related to inflammation was observed in CMS1 (KRAS signaling up) and CMS4 (E2F targets, Myc targets v1, DNA repair, MTORC signaling, G2M checkpoint) but not in CMS2 and CMS3. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the obese and normal BMI patient tumor tissues for each CMS were identified with the DESeq2 R package and used to construct a protein-protein interaction network and determine 10 hub nodes (genes) with the STRING and CytoHubba apps, respectively, in Cytoscape. Nine of the 10 obesity-linked hub genes differed by CMS; the top ranked obesity-linked hub genes were Bassoon Presynaptic Cytomatrix Protein (BSN), DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), Melanoma-Associated Antigen 6 (MAGEA6) and UDP Glucuronosyltransferase Family 1 Member A6 (UGT1A6), for CMS1-4, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis for overall and relapse free survival was performed using the top 20 upregulated obesity-linked DEGs in each CMS. Higher expression of the DEGs in the CRC cohort GSE17536 was associated with significantly worse overall survival for CMS4 and relapse free survival for CMS2 and CMS3. Taken together, our data suggests that obesity is linked to CRC through CMS-dependent pathways. Citation Format: Michael W. Greene, Peter Abraham, Elizabeth A. Lipke, Peyton C. Kuhlers. Obesity and the consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2181.

Growth and adrenarche: findings from the CATS observational study

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that patterns of pubertal maturation are associated with different patterns of health risk. This study aimed to explore the associations between anthropometric measures and salivary androgen...