Normal Blood Sugar Research Articles

Empowerment of Students of Akper Justitia Palu as Agents of Change (AOC) for Non-Communicable Diseases

Data on the top 10 diseases in outpatients at the Health Center in 2023 shows that Hypertension is in the highest position with a figure of 24.69% and Diabetes Mellitus is in the 5th position with a figure of 7.17%. To overcome this, the role of the community needs to be increased in promotive and preventive efforts for risk factors for non-communicable diseases so that the community knows, is willing and able to prevent and control risk factors for non-communicable diseases. One effort to increase community participation, especially in the institutional environment in this case Akper Justitia Palu, is through training. The objectives of this community service activity are: 1) Formation of Agents of Change (AoC) for Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM) Akper Justitia Palu; 2) There is an evaluation of the results of the Agent of Change training; 3) There are health check-up activities for early detection of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Akper Justitia Palu environment. To support the formation of Agents of Change (AoC) for Non-Communicable Diseases, several materials are needed, including: hand scoen, hand sanitizer, random blood sugar check sticks (GDS), sugar checkers (glucometers), lancets, trash boxes, and others. Meanwhile, the method of implementing community service is carried out through training and testing the results of the training. The results of the community service show: 1) There are 10 (ten) Agents of Change (AoC) for Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM) Akper Justitia Palu, who are expected to be able to change the behavior of students on the Akper Justitia Palu campus to be healthier; 2) The skill that has not been done the most by AoC students (value 0) is "conveying the meaning of the examination results" (30%), followed by "not using gloves" (20%). The imperfect skills performed by students were mostly in “holding and fixing fingers” (40%) and “changing lancet needles” (40%); 3) All students of Akper Justitia Palu (40 students) who were checked for random blood sugar (GDS) had normal random blood sugar levels. Conclusion: The formation of Agent of Change (AoC) for Non-Communicable Diseases can be done through training and direct trials of the training results. Support from the Akper Justitia Palu campus and the Palu City Health Office is needed for the continuity of the Agent of Change (AoC) activities of Akper Justitia Palu Students.

An Unusual Case of Alarming Lactic Acidosis: Brain Metabolic Cross-Talk

AbstractA 39-year-old male with a BMI of 30.8 kg/m2 and a normal medical history underwent excision of a left orbito-cavernal hemangioma (4 × 2 × 2 cm) under general anesthesia. Balanced anesthesia and fluid management guided by pulse pressure variation (kept below 12%) were employed. Despite stable hemodynamics and normal blood sugar levels, arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis revealed a progressive rise in lactate levels, reaching 10.6 mmol/L, accompanied by acidemia. Systemic hypoperfusion was ruled out by maintaining mean arterial pressure between 70-80 mm Hg, ensuring a capillary refill time of less than 3 seconds, and confirming a central venous oxygen saturation of 72%. With a total blood loss of 800 mL, one unit of packed red blood cells was transfused due to concerns about decreased microcirculation and tissue hypoxia. After 10 hours of surgery, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) was administered to mitigate metabolic acidosis and its potential impact on intracranial pressure. Postoperatively, lactate levels remained elevated (8-9 mmol/L), but with continued NaHCO3 infusion, lactate reduced to 6.4 mmol/L, allowing extubation. The patient's lactate normalized by the evening, and recovery was uneventful. This case highlights the significant metabolic disturbances, particularly lactic acidosis, that can arise during brain tumor surgery due to prolonged operative times, large tumor size, higher BMI, and stress-induced metabolic derangements. Awareness and prompt management of these disturbances are crucial for successful patient outcomes.

The association between triglyceride-glucose index and gallstones: NHANES 2017-2020.

It remains unclear whether the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has correlations with gallstones. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyG index and gallstones. Data was obtained from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants who provided complete data about TyG index and gallstones were included in the analysis. Multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were preformed to estimate the relationship between TyG index and gallstones. Restricted cubic splines (RSC) was employed to calculate the cut off value. The TyG index was independently associated with gallstones and demonstrates a clear positive correlation (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.21; p = 0.033). The threshold value is 8.98, showing a positive correlation between TyG index and gallstones when the TyG index is less than 8.98 (Log likelihood ratio P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicates that the correlation between TyG and gallstones is mainly observed in individuals with obesity, females, younger individuals, and those with normal blood sugar levels, with these subgroups all acting as mediators between TyG and gallstones. Higher TyG index was linked to a higher chance of developing gallstones. Managing insulin resistance (IR) could help reduce the risk of gallstones since the TyG index is an indicator of IR.

Neurohistopathological Alterations Induced by Clitoria Ternatea and Emblica Officinalis Extracts in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats.

Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that can lead to significant neurodegenerative complications. The extracts of traditional medicinal plants such as Clitoria ternatea and Emblica officinalis have neuroprotective properties. This study investigates the neurohistopathological alterations in diabetic male Wistar rats treated with these extracts. Objective This study aimed to assess the neuroprotective potential of Clitoria ternatea and Emblica officinalis extracts in mitigating neurohistopathological alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats Methods In this experimental investigation, 48 male Wistar rats, aged 8-12 weeks and weighing 200-250g, were randomly allocated into eight groups (n=6): control, diabetic model, metformin treatment, Clitoria ternatea extract treatment, Emblica officinalis extract treatment, diabetic model + Clitoria ternatea extract treatment, diabetic model + Emblica officinalis extract treatment, and diabetic model + combined extract treatment.Streptozotocin 40 mg/kg was used to induce diabetes. Treatments included 100 mg/kg metformin, 300 mg/kg Clitoria ternatea extract, and 250 mg/kg Emblica officinalis extract. After three weeks, blood glucose levels, body weight, and neurohistopathological parameters (neuronal degeneration, gliosis, and vacuolation) were evaluated. Results The diabetic rats had much higher blood sugar levels (320.4 ± 15.3 mg/dL) and lost a lot of weight (180.7 ± 9.5 g) compared to the control group, which had normal blood sugar levels (92.3 ± 4.8 mg/dL) and stable body weight (225.4 ± 12.1 g) (p < 0.001). Treatment with Clitoria ternatea extract reduced blood glucose to 160.3 ± 12.1 mg/dL, while Emblica officinalis extract lowered it to 155.4 ± 11.8 mg/dL. The combined treatment brought glucose levels closer to normal (110.5 ± 8.9 mg/dL). Similarly, both extracts mitigated weight loss, with the combined treatment maintaining body weight at 220.4 ± 12.0 g, close to the control group (p < 0.05). The study of diabetic rats that had not been treated showed severe neuronal degeneration (4.2±0.4), gliosis (4.5±0.5), and vacuolation (4.7±0.5). Treatment groups showed marked reductions in these parameters, with the combined treatment producing the greatest neuroprotective effects, comparable to controls (p < 0.001). Conclusions Extracts from Clitoria ternatea and Emblica officinalis, particularly when combined, provide significant neuroprotective advantages in male Wistar diabetic rats, significantly lowering hyperglycemia and related neurohistopathological changes. These findings support the potential use of these extracts as complementary or alternative therapies in managing diabetic complications.

Changes in Oxidative Stress Markers in Pregnant Women of Advanced Maternal Age with Gestational Diabetes and Their Predictive Value for Neurodevelopmental Impact.

To explore the relationship between changes in oxidative stress markers in pregnant women of advanced maternal age with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal neurodevelopment, as well as their predictive value. Two hundred pregnant women of advanced maternal age were selected and divided into Group A (normal blood sugar) and Group B (GDM) based on the 75 g (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) OGTT results. Oxidative stress markers were measured, and pregnancy outcomes and neonatal Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NABA) scores were recorded. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Group B were higher than those in Group A, while Glutathione (GSH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels were lower. Group B had higher rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes and neurological abnormalities than Group A. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for serum MDA, GSH, and SOD levels combined prediction were higher than those for individual predictions (P<0.05). Oxidative stress markers in pregnant women of advanced maternal age with GDM are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal abnormalities, and combined prediction has good predictive efficiency (AUC>0.7).

Counseling and examination related to the prevention of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly

Aging brings various health challenges, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which can affect the quality of life of the elderly. This study aims to identify the prevalence of these two diseases in Kepatihan Village, Kaliwates District, Jember Regency, and evaluate the effectiveness of health education in managing them. Community service activities include initial examinations that show a high prevalence of hypertension and prediabetes among the elderly, with only a few having normal blood pressure and blood sugar levels. The program involves health examinations, disease prevention and control education, and re-examination two weeks after the education. The results showed that older adults with normal blood pressure increased from 3 to 8 people, and regular blood sugar levels increased from 5 to 21 people. A significant decrease in cases of prehypertension and diabetes indicates the success of the education in increasing participants' awareness and knowledge about managing their health. However, high initial health conditions and limited resources remain barriers. This program shows the effectiveness of education in reducing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases among the elderly but requires continued efforts to support more sustainable health improvements

Main pancreatic duct 360° denudation technique for local resection of solid pseudopapillary tumor: a case report

Pancreatic enucleation is a reasonable surgical procedure for small pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs). For patients with tumors close to the main pancreatic duct, enucleation surgery was previously considered contraindicated. We reported a 36-year-old Asian woman with SPT of 1.8×1.5 cm which contacting with part of the main pancreatic duct, that was once considered contraindicated for enucleation. We adopted the "main pancreatic duct approach" surgical method, and denuded main pancreatic duct with a length of about 2 cm for 360°, to locally resect the tumor, successfully preserving the continuity of the pancreatic duct in this patient. The patient did not complain of discomfort, had no symptoms of indigestion, normal blood sugar levels, and no dilation of the main pancreatic duct was seen on CT and MRI examinations in the 1st month and 3rd month after surgery.

Identification of Blood Sugar Based on Non-invasive Measurements UsingPhotoplethysmography Method Signal Decoding in Diabetics in Tasikmalaya

Non-invasive blood sugar testing tools are now in great demand among the public. This research aims to develop a non-invasive blood sugar examination tool with a Photopletysmograph signal decoding system based on data acquisition from a wearable sensor device on the wrist. The tool used for data acquisition uses Near Infra Red Light-emitting Diode NIR LED 880 nm, 660 nm and 537 nm. This acquisition transfers signals from the body via a photodiode to a PC Personal Computer for processing using Matlab. The method used in this research is to look for the height of the systolic and diastolic amplitude of the Photopletysmograph PPG signal and use the peak-to-peak voltage Vpp to implement Beer Lambert's law. This method was tested on 54 people, randomly aged 26-89 years, with normal blood sugar to high blood sugar. The results show an error of 18.37% from the gold standard. In conclusion, the use of the PPG signal decoding method has proven to be significant in producing blood sugar values. Furthermore, this method was developed for real-time remote measurements via wearable sensor devices.

Detecting diabetes in an ensemble model using a unique PSO-GWO hybrid approach to hyperparameter optimization

Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that disrupts the body's normal blood sugar levels. It is essential to detect this disease at an early stage in order to prevent organ and tissue injury. This study focuses on diagnosing diabetes by leveraging ensemble learning methods, which involve combining various machine learning techniques. The goal is to create an ensemble learning model that achieves the best classification performance by employing different classifiers and combining techniques. The study explores boosting, bagging, voting, and stacking ensemble learning methods, while also introducing an approach called PSO-GWO (Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Optimization) hybrid method for optimizing the model's hyperparameters. The model consisting of combining various classifiers in the stacking ensemble learning method provided the highest classification performance in diagnosing diabetes. The 5-fold cross-validation method is used in the study. Within the scope of the study, the highest accuracy with (98.10%) is obtained with the random forest classifier. The results of the study are presented in comparison with other studies in the literature. These findings contribute to the field of diabetes diagnosis and highlight the potential for developing more accurate and reliable diagnostic systems in the future.

Penerapan Progressive Muscle Relaxation Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia which leads to serious complications. One physical activity that can be applied is progressive muscle relaxation, which focuses on sequentially tightening and relaxing muscle groups resulting in controlled blood glucose levels so that holistic treatment is needed. Objective: To determine the results of the application of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) to reduce blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research with a case study approach (Case Study). The design for this application was a control group design which was applied to 1 respondent with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Results: Based on the results of this application, it was found that blood glucose levels decreased after Progressive Muscle Relaxation was carried out, which was indicated by the number of high glucose levels decreasing. Comparison before and after applying Progressive Muscle Relaxation, before being given the application of PMR high blood sugar levels were 415 mg/dl and after being given the application of PMR 2 times a day (morning and evening) for 3 consecutive days normal blood sugar levels were 173 mg/dl etc. Conclusion: Blood sugar levels before the application were given were high and after the application was given the patient's blood sugar levels were normal.

A cross-sectional study on diabetes self-management practice and its association with glycemic control among type 2 Diabetes patients.

Diabetes has emerged as a major chronic public health problem throughout the world. Self-management by diabetes patients is very important for controlling blood sugar levels and preventing complications of diabetes. The present study was conducted to study self-management practices among diabetes patients and to analyse socio-demographic factors associated with them. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 230 randomly selected diabetes patients in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The self-management practices were measured by the diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ). The association of the DSMQ score with socio-demographic factors and blood sugar level was analysed by statistical tests like the T-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Tukey's honestly significant difference, and Chi-square test. The mean DSMQ score of the diabetes patients was 29.55 ± 5.98. There was a significant difference between the mean DSMQ score and the educational level (P value = 0.009), residential status (P value = 0.037), and duration of diabetes (P value = 0.006). The subcomponent analysis of the DSMQ score revealed that the glucose management score of rural people (9.38 ± 3.36) was significantly higher (P value = 0.006) than that of urban people (8.32 ± 2.46), and the diet control score was significantly higher (P value = 0.02) in patients with normal post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS) (7.64 ± 2.18) than in patients with raised PPBS (6.96 ± 2.12). Higher educational level, rural background, and long duration of diabetes were associated with better self-management practices. The patients with normal blood sugar levels showed higher diet control scores than the patients with raised blood sugar levels.

Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention Training for Cadres Collaborated with the Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Health Service

Objectives: The cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Indonesia are very high and increase among people over 18 years old, including high blood pressure and obesity. Based on WHO data, NCDs are the biggest cause of death in the world, including heart and blood vessel disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. NCDs can be prevented with promotive efforts, namely maintaining a lifestyle, eating healthy food, sufficient activity as well as exercise, and regular check-ups as measures to prevent NCDs. Based on this, it is necessary to take promotive action in the form of educating the public about preventing non-infectious diseases and forming NCDs cadres who can skilfully carry out NCDs disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid. The Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Service, which is already running in Nitikan village, does not yet have skilled NCD cadres; therefore, this activity needs to be implemented and can be synergized as a NCDs Integrated Service. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge of NCD cadres who can carry out routine screening checks for preventive measures. Methods: pre-test and post-test control group design regarding NCDs knowledge for NCDs integrated service cadres. Results: This research showed that the knowledge of NCD Wreda Mandiri cadres has increased. The health condition of most members of Wreda Mandiri Integrated Service has normal blood sugar and uric acid levels, but many community members have hypertension. There were 56 people with normal blood sugar levels among the 57 people who were screened for NCDs. 8 people had high uric acid levels, and 45 patients had normal uric acid levels. The results of blood pressure measurements showed that there were 33 people with hypertension, 14 people with pre-hypertension, and 12 people with normal blood pressure. Conclusion: The NCDs integrated their knowledge to prevent NCDs and skilfully carried out NCD disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S49

Moringa oleifera gum effect on blood sugar levels and rat pancreas histology induced by Streptozotocin

Moringa gum is a product that people can use as an anti-hyperglycemic agent. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Moringa gum in reducing blood sugar levels and improving the histology structure of the rat pancreas induced by streptozotocin (STZ). This study used 21 male rats divided into 3 groups including control, diabetes (STZ), and diabetes (STZ + 3% Moringa gum). STZ treatment at a single dose (45 mg/kg BW) was given intraperitoneally, while Moringa gum was given through drinking water for 2 weeks. Blood sugar levels were measured on days 0, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th. The results showed that STZ administration induced diabetes in rats with blood sugar levels of 487 mg/dL on the 14th day. Moringa gum administration was able to reduce blood sugar levels on days 21st and 28th respectively to 306 and 234 mg/dl. The histology structure of the pancreas of rats treated with gum also showed improvement. This study concludes that Moringa gum is effective in lowering blood sugar levels in rats even though it still does not show normal blood sugar levels, and can repair STZ-induced damage to the histology structure of the rat pancreas.

Family Support in Caring for Diabetes Mellitus Family Members with Blood Sugar Level Problems in Karangrejo Village Tulungagung Regency

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires care from family members. Care for diabetes mellitus clients in the family can be influenced, among other things, by support and participation from other family members so that blood sugar levels canbe controlled. Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine family support in caring for family members with diabetes mellitus with problems with blood sugar levels in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency. Method: The research design used Correlational Analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The research population was diabetes sufferers in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency,totaling 92 people and the research sample was diabetes sufferers in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency with a total of 92 respondents selected using total sampling techniques. The research instrument is a questionnaire and data processing is carried out through editing, coding, scoring, tabulation, while data analysis uses the Spearman rho test. Results: The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents with good family support had normal blood sugar levels, namely 60 respondents (76%), while respondents with less family support had high blood sugar levels, namely 28 people (63%). The statistical test results showed that the ρ value was 0.002 with α 0.05, meaning that there was a relationship between family support in caring for family members suffering from diabetes mellitus in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung District. Conclusion: Family members need to be aware of and provide support for family members who suffer from diabetes mellitus to reduce blood sugar levels, so that blood sugar levels are controlled.

The Effect of Glycemic Status on P Wave Dispersion.

Background and aim The growing number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) across the world is a public health concern. The diabetes epidemic involves enormous health costs to the patients, their careers, and society at large. Cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation (AF) often develop in the diabetic population. An increase in the P wave dispersion (PWD) has been established as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of AF, hence the present study was conducted to establish a possible relationship between PWD and the glycemic status of the individualto predict the occurrence of AF ahead of clinical symptomology. Methodology A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital after obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee and written consent of each study subject. The main steps included the selection and categorization of the study population based on their glycemic status, collection of demographic data, performing ECGs calculating PWD using digital calipers, and recording the data systematically for evaluation. Results In this study, 234 patients with a mean age of 53.3 ± 13.1 years were studied, of which 121 (51.7%) were maleand 113 (48.29%) were female. The 234 patients were divided into four groups based on their glycemic status - 74 uncontrolled DM patients (31.62%), 51 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients (21.78%), 56 prediabetespatients (23.93%), and 53 patients in thecontrol group (22.64%; not a known case of diabetes with normal HbA1c and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels).Minimal correlation was observed between FBS with PWD (r value0.175)and age with PWD (r value0.161), butstatisticalsignificance was observed only between age and PWD (p-value 0.014).The difference in means between the four different study groupswas found to be not statistically significant (p-value- 0.104); hence, no intergroup variation was noted. Conclusion Advancing age and higher fasting blood sugars have shown minimal correlation with widening P-wave dispersion. With further studies involving larger populations, this can be a promising aid in identifying PWD as a probable early predictor of atrial arrhythmias among diabetic patients.

Hyperglycemia as a prognostic factor for increased mortality in patients admitted in Pediatric ICU.

Objective: To study the prevalence and frequency of hyperglycemia in critically ill children. To juxtapose mortality rate in critically ill patients with hyperglycemia against those having normal blood glucose levels. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of HITEC, IMS Taxila, Al-Ihsan Hospital Rawalpindi &amp; Hameed Latif Teaching Hospital, Lahore. Period: March 2023 to October 2023. Methods: One hundred critically ill children admitted to PICU were included. Patients who had blood glucose levels more than 150mg/dl within 48 hours of admission were included in the hyperglycemic group (Group A).Patients with normal blood sugars were included in Group B. The normoglycemic and hyperglycemic groups were followed till 10 days to determine the mortality associated with hyperglycemia. Results: Mean age of the children was 6.7± 6.29 months. There were 72% male children and 28% female children. Mean blood glucose levels at baseline, after 24h hours, after 36 hours and after 48 hours were 194.91± 135.66mg/dl, 156.91±74.89mg/dl, 156.21 ±83.05mg/dl and 150.13±70.68mg/dl. Frequency of hyperglycemia was observed in 55% (n= 55). Mortality rate was 43% (n= 43/100). Furthermore, mortality rate was crucially inflated 63.6% (n= 35) in hyperglycemic victims than normoglycemic patients (p=&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Frequency of high blood sugar along with mortality within 10 days of hospitalization in children with hyperglyceemia was found higher in patients admitted to Pediatric ICU.

SGLT2 inhibitor-induced ketoacidosis – A diagnostic challenge

Diabetic ketoacidosis is rarely caused by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and can be difficult to recognize. A 56-year-old male patient, with a body mass index of 31.87 and a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus, presented with acute gangrenous cholecystitis and was treated with intravenous antibiotics. Empagliflozin and metformin were started for blood sugar control. Four days after surgery, he presented with nausea and vomiting. He was found to have deep and labored breathing following upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Labs revealed severe ketoacidosis with normal blood sugars. He was hydrated well with no improvement in metabolic acidosis. Empagliflozin was stopped, intravenous insulin and dextrose infusions were started, and his acidosis was corrected rapidly. SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with an increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The absence of substantial hyperglycemia potentially delays the diagnosis. The stress of recent surgery likely precipitated DKA in this patient. It is important to consider the diagnosis of euglycemic DKA in patients receiving empagliflozin and presenting with nausea and vomiting, especially in the immediate postoperative period.

Stem Cell Therapy for the Management of Type 1 Diabetes: Advances and Perspectives.

Due to insulin resistance and excessive blood sugar levels, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by pancreatic cell loss. This condition affects young people at a higher rate than any other chronic autoimmune disease. Regardless of the method, exogenous insulin cannot substitute for insulin produced by a healthy pancreas. An emerging area of medicine is pancreatic and islet transplantation for type 1 diabetics to restore normal blood sugar regulation. However, there are still obstacles standing in the way of the widespread use of these therapies, including very low availability of pancreatic and islets supplied from human organ donors, challenging transplantation conditions, high expenses, and a lack of easily accessible methods. Efforts to improve Type 1 Diabetes treatment have been conducted in response to the disease's increasing prevalence. Type 1 diabetes may one day be treated with stem cell treatment. Stem cell therapy has proven to be an effective treatment for type 1 diabetes. Recent progress in stem cell-based diabetes treatment is summarised, and the authors show how to isolate insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from a variety of progenitor cells.

Relationship between Knowledge Level and Compliance with Dietary in Elderly Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Karang Rejo Village, Langkat Regency

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elderly refers to a more advanced phase of a physiological process marked by a decline in the body's capacity to adjust to external pressures. One contributing factor to the rise in Diabetes Mellitus is a deficiency of understanding, which can subsequently influence the adoption of harmful behaviors. Health providers propose dietary behavior as a means to normalize blood sugar levels in elderly individuals with Diabetes Mellitus. The objective of this The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between levels of knowledge and adherence to dietary recommendations among elderly adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who live in Karang Rejo Village, Langkat Regency. In this study, a quantitative approach is employed, utilizing a cross-sectional research design. The present investigation was carried out at Karang Rejo Village, located in the Langkat Regency, spanning from February to October 2023. The research sample consisted of 780 older individuals diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus, residing in Karang Rejo Village, Langkat Regency. The study utilizes a basic random sampling technique to ensure that each participant has an equal probability of being chosen for the sample, without considering their individual features. Consequently, the sample size for this study consisted of 42 old individuals. The primary instrument employed for data collection in this study was a questionnaire. The present study employed bivariate analysis chi-square test for data analysis, and utilized software help in the form of SPSS version 20 for data processing. The findings indicated a statistically significant correlation (p-value = 0.001) between the extent of knowledge and adherence to dietary recommendations among older individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus residing in Karang Rejo Village, Langkat Regency. There is an aspiration for the senior population to enhance their knowledge and engage with information sourced from health centers and various social media platforms.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: Compliance, Dietary, Elderly, Knowledge&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

Pemeriksaan Kadar Glukosa, Asam Urat Dan Kolesterol STIKes Salewangang Maros

The Ministry of Health stated that non-communicable diseases cause high death rates every year and can affect individuals of various ages and countries throughout the world. Non-communicable diseases include heart disease, diabetes mellitus and diseases of kidney function. To overcome these health problems, preventive measures are needed that aim to improve the nation's quality of life. This is stated in the Presidential Instruction which is part of the meaning of Germas, namely regular health checks which are useful for facilitating early detection of diseases or health problems. The examinations carried out are divided into 2, namely laboratory examinations (blood examination, blood sugar levels, fat levels, kidney function/uric acid, liver function, and electrolytes) and physical examinations (ECG, etc.). The aim of community service is to provide an overview of current blood sugar levels, uric acid, cholesterol levels and body flexibility in the spine for Lecturers and Staff of Stikes Salewangan Maros and community members around the campus. The method involves checking blood sugar levels, uric acid and cholesterol as well as assessing body flexibility. The results obtained were that 60 (98%) respondents had normal blood sugar levels, 39 (64%) respondents had normal uric acid levels, 32 (52.5%) had cholesterol &lt; 200 mg/dl, and 51 (83%) .6 %) shows excellent flexibility. Conclusion. Most of the respondents had normal blood sugar levels, uric acid levels, cholesterol levels and the majority of respondents showed excellent flexibility.