Normal Blood Pressure Range Research Articles

The link between insurance and blood pressure control in U.S. stroke survivors

BackgroundAfter a stroke, poorly controlled blood pressure (BP) is associated with a higher risk of recurrent vascular events. Despite the importance of controlling BP to avert recurrent vascular events, fewer than half of stroke survivors in the United States achieve BP control. It is unclear to what extent insurance status affects BP levels after stroke. MethodsWe assessed BP control among adults with a history of stroke who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1999 through 2016. The relationship between insurance type and BP level (low normal: <120/80 mmHg and normal: <140/90 mmHg) were evaluated using logistic regression before and after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and medical comorbidities for those <65 years and ≥ 65 years. ResultsAmong 1646 adult stroke survivors (weighted n = 5,586,417), 30% had BP in the low normal range while 64% had BP in the normal range. Among 613 stroke survivors <65 years (weighted n = 2,396,980), only those with other government insurance (CHAMPVA, CHAMPUS/TRICARE) had better BP control than the uninsured (adjusted HR 2.68, 95% CI 0.99–7.25). Among 1033 participants ≥65 years (weighted n = 3,189,437), those with private insurance plus Medicare trended toward better normal BP compared to Medicare alone (adjusted HR 1.34, 95% CI 0.94–1.90). ConclusionsOnly stroke survivors with CHAMPVA, CHAMPUS/TRICARE government insurance in the United States have lower odds of controlled BP compared to no insurance among those <65 years. Insurance alone does not improve BP control among stroke survivors.

A preliminary study of ecosmart intra venous system on patients’ comfort

Intravenous fluid therapy may cause discomfort to patients most of the time. More research and innovation are needed to develop infusion devices to provide a more comfortable feeling for patients receiving the therapy. This preliminary study analyzed the effect of economical and smart (ecosmart) infusion systems on comfort in healthy adults. The one-group post-test-only design was used in this pre-experimental investigation. A range of ages, gender, body weight, body temperature, and normal blood pressure selected participants. An independently created, valid, and reliable tool was used to measure comfort. Data analysis employed a t-test on a single sample. Fifteen nursing students are participating as sampling objects. The average comfort score for the study's participants was 11.2 (SD = 2.5967; p &lt; 0.05). The result indicates that the participants are at ease using the ecosmart system. The respondents' sense of comfort related to the instrument showed comfort or relaxation.&#x0D; Keywords: Nursing care; ecosmart; comfort; patient-centered care; hospital; fluid therapy

Vitamins and Minerals for Blood Pressure Reduction in the General, Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Supplements.

Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality worldwide. However, studies have shown increased risk of mortality from heart disease and stroke even within the normal blood pressure (BP) range, starting at BPs above 110-115/70-75 mm Hg. Nutraceuticals, such as vitamins and minerals, have been studied extensively for their efficacy in lowering BP and may be of benefit to the general, normotensive population in achieving optimal BP. Our study investigated the effects of six nutraceuticals (Vitamins: C, D, E; Minerals: Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium) on both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in this population. We performed a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis for all six supplements versus placebo. Calcium and magnesium achieved significant reductions in both SBP and DBP of -1.37/-1.63 mm Hg and -2.79/-1.56 mm Hg, respectively. Vitamin E and potassium only yielded significant reductions in SBP with values of -1.76 mm Hg and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively. Vitamins C and D were not found to significantly lower either SBP or DBP. Future studies should determine optimal dosage and treatment length for these supplements in the general, normotensive population.

41. Stage Of Hypertension And The Incident Of Atrial Fibrillation Among PROLANIS Community In Bandung, West Java

Background: The most important risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is hypertension. The 2017 AHA/ACC blood pressure classification system can identify adults risk for AF events. Little is known whether the newest hypertension classification by ISHG (International Society of Hypertension Global) 2020 is associated with incident of AF. Objective: PROLANIS (Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis) had been a program that held by Ministry of Health in Indonesia to manage hypertension. This analytical study is aimed to identify association between stage of hypertension by ISHG 2020 and incidents of AF among PROLANIS community in Bandung. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among PROLANIS community in Bandung. We performed blood pressure examination and recorded AF using six-leads FDA approved ECG mobile in twenty-one primary care during march-october 2022. There are 692 data were collected. Data was categorized as having grade 1 HT (n = 229) and grade 2 HT (n = 88). Result: We found that 4.4% population (n = 14) with hypertension had recorded ECG of AF. Proportion of grade 2 HT was 4.5% (n = 4) which higher than AF in grade 1 HT (4.4%, n = 10). Two variables had been analyzed using Somers’D analysis and the result was there is no association between stage of hypertension and AF (Sig &gt;0.05). Conclusion: Stage of hypertension is not associated with the incident of AF among PROLANIS community in Bandung. Several studies have found that risk of developing AF persists even into the upper normal range of blood pressure. Further investigation is needed to describe characteristic of the population.

Perception of exodontia among dentists – A questionnaire survey

Aim: &#x0D; The aim and objective of the study is to assess the most difficult tooth to extract and the frequent complications faced by the dentists during dental extraction, the instruments used for extraction of upper and lower third molar, and the preference of antibiotics and analgesic by the dentists.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: &#x0D; A survey had been conducted among 50 dentists to assess the perception of exodontia. Questionnaire survey which includes nine questions. The analysis was statistically analyzed and represented with bar graph diagram.&#x0D; Results: &#x0D; Among 50 dentists, 13 dentists (P = 0.069) that the most difficult tooth to extract according to them was upper left second molar and another 13 dentists (P = 0.069) opted that upper left third molar was the most difficult tooth to extract. Root fracture is the most common complication according the dentists conducted in the survey (P = 0.015). Cryers are mostly been selected during the extraction of upper third molar (P = 0.126) and Coupland elevators are mostly used for exodontia of lower third molar (P = 0.713). The normal blood glucose level range to select patients for extraction lies mostly on 70–110 mg/dL where 41 dentists among 50 of them opted for this range (P = 0.152).&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Our study answers the difficulties and common questionable issues that arise in dental extraction. Awareness must be created about the medical issues like normal blood pressure range among dentists to be increased.

OFFICE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS IN HUNGARY: 3 YEAR RESULTS OF AN OPEN LABEL, PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Objective: Office blood pressure measurements are used to check the control of blood pressure in treated hypertensive patients. The Hungarian Hypertension Registry which is a noninterventional project of the Hungarian Society of Hypertension, was started in 2018 and will end in 2023. Our objective was to assess the control rate of hypertension in Hungary and to prove that the increase in the number if routine blood pressure measurement is associated with the higher number of controlled hypertensive subjects. Design and method: This is a multicenter, open-label, observational non-interventional study (anonymous data collection), that is performed in GPs’ practices and in outpatient clinics of cardiology and internal medicine. OMRON Medistanceâ service and validated automatic upper arm cuff BP monitors (M3 IT) are used. Data collection are performed directly from the arms of the patients (through Medistanceâ HUB 150 Mobil data procession). All anonymous blood pressure data are directly transferred to the central database. Results: 3 132 360 blood pressure (BP) measurements were done so far. Before Covid pandemic the average number of daily measurements was 5/day/office, during Covid pandemic this number decreased to 3/day/office. 14.1% of the measurements were in optimal BP range, 14.3 % in normal BP range, 16.0% in elevated-normal range, 31.5% in grade I. hypertension range, 16.8% in grade II. hypertension range and 7.3% in grade III. hypertension range. We observed a substantial seasonal variability in the average BP values: 144.1 mmHg versus 135.7 mmHg and 86.6 versus 82.4 mmHg during wintertime and summertime according to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Conclusions: The average number of BP measurements in the GPs’ office is low, and during the pandemic it further decreased. The measured BP results indicate, that the majority of the patients are not well-controlled. There is a substantial variability in average BP values between seasons, that has to be accounted during patients’ follow-up.

Twenty-four-hour and nocturnal ambulatory blood pressure variability patterns in diabetics and hypothyroid patients: Looking through different temporal windows

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study attempted to determine the 24-h blood pressure variability (BPV) and nocturnal dipping, through designated temporal windows in diabetic and hypothyroid patients. BPV profiles were examined in the cohorts of 26 diabetics and 27 hypothyroid patients on their prescribed medications. Fifty-seven (57) healthy normotensive subjects were treated as controls. We recorded blood pressure (BP)parameters in each subject over at least two to three consecutive days, using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM). We analyzed the data employing A&D software, Cosinor rhythmometry, and SPSS software. Most of the patients displayed a statistically significant circadian rhythm with prominent periodsat 24 h and/or 12 h. The hourly-averaged data in patients exceeded the normal range of BP during the early morning and late afternoon. BP parameters in studied patients were significantly higher than in the controls. The results depicted significant and independent effects of “temporal window” and “disease” on the nocturnal BP profile. Higher BPV and bouts of nocturnal hypotension in diabetic and hypothyroid patients indicate poor BP management. The diagnosis of BP and efficacy of treatment in diabetic and hypothyroid patients could be detected proficiently by ambulatory BP monitoring. Temporal window analysis could be beneficial for tracing nocturnal dipping precisely.

Blood Pressure, Hypertension, and the Risk of Aortic Dissection Incidence and Mortality: Results From the J-SCH Study, the UK Biobank Study, and a Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Hypertension or elevated blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for aortic dissection (AD); however, few prospective studies on this topic have been published. We investigated the association between hypertension/elevated BP and AD in 2 cohorts and conducted a meta-analysis of published prospective studies, including these 2 studies. We analyzed data from the J-SHC study (Japan-Specific Health Checkups) and UK Biobank, which prospectively followed up 534 378 and 502 424 participants, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the association of hypertension/elevated BP with AD incidence in the UK Biobank and AD mortality in the J-SHC Study. In the meta-analysis, summary relative risks were calculated with random-effects models. A potential nonlinear dose-response relationship between BP and AD was tested with fractional polynomial models, and the best-fitting second-order fractional polynomial regression model was determined. In the J-SHC study and UK Biobank, there were 84 and 182 ADs during the 4- and 9-year follow-up, and the adjusted hazard ratios of AD were 3.57 (95% CI, 2.17-6.11) and 2.68 (95% CI, 1.78-4.04) in hypertensive individuals, 1.33 (95% CI, 1.05-1.68) and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.11-1.48) per 20-mm Hg increase in systolic BP (SBP), and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.40-2.00) and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.46-1.89) per 10-mm Hg increase in diastolic BP (DBP), respectively. In the meta-analysis, the summary relative risks were 3.07 (95% CI, 2.15-4.38, I2=76.7%, n=7 studies, 2818 ADs, 4 563 501 participants) for hypertension and 1.39 (95% CI, 1.16-1.66, I2=47.7%, n=3) and 1.79 (95% CI: 1.51-2.12, I2 = 57.0%, n=3) per 20-mm Hg increase in SBP and per 10-mm Hg increase in DBP, respectively. The AD risk showed a strong, positive dose-response relationship with SBP and even more so with DBP. The risk of AD in the nonlinear dose-response analysis was significant at SBP >132 mm Hg and DBP >75 mm Hg. Hypertension and elevated SBP and DBP are associated with a high risk of AD. The risk of AD was positively dose dependent, even within the normal BP range. These findings provide further evidence for the optimization of BP to prevent AD.

Tonometric Condition of Cellular Polypropylene Film Sensors in Measuring Arterial Pressure Waveform.

Tonometric continuous measurement of arterial pressure becomes feasible using a cellular polypropylene (Cellular PP) film sensor. A pulsatile arterial vascular phantom model was used to find the range of optimal tonometric conditions and the responsiveness to dynamic pressure changes. The optimal tonometric condition was assessed by the correlation coefficient between the hydraulic pressure and the Cellular PP output using two different types of tubes (the latex tube and the hydrogel tube) to simulate arteries. With a setting of the normal blood pressure range, the output of Cellular PP correlated strongly with the level of hydraulic pressure, 0.998 and 0.989 in the latex tube and the hydrogel tube, respectively. For maintaining the optimal tonometric condition, the depressed depths of the latex and the hydrogel tube were less than 1.2 and 0.6 mm, respectively. The phantom model also demonstrated that the Cellular PP sensor followed changes in a hydraulic pressure dynamically under the optimal tonometric conditions. The present results demonstrated the Cellular PP film sensor is applicable to the arterial tonometry in measuring the instantaneous blood pressure while the sensor is adjusted to maintain the minimal flatness of the underlying arterial wall.Clinical Relevance- To understand the physiological characteristics of blood pressure and arterial system, the instantaneous measurement of blood pressure is necessary. The present study suggests that Cellular PP films are applicable to peripheral arteries tonometrically to obtain simultaneously the respective blood pressure waveforms.

The Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and the Valid Blood Pressure Cutoff Value for Predicting Metabolic Syndrome Within the Normal Blood Pressure Range in the Population Over 40 Years Old in Guiyang, China.

PurposeThe study was conducted to investigate metabolic syndrome (MS) incidence within the normal blood pressure (BP) range in a population over 40 years old in an urban area of Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China, and to identify a valid BP cutoff value for predicting MS.Materials and MethodsData from this study are based on the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal (REACTION) study. In total, 2935 subjects in the normal BP range and without MS (795 males, 2140 females) aged 40–80 years were included in this study. Follow-up subjects were classified by baseline BP and grouped by age. After the 3-year follow-up, the MS incidence and valid BP cutoff value for predicting MS were calculated for subjects within the normal BP range.ResultsAfter the 3-year follow-up study, the crude and standardized MS incidences in the cohort were 19.83% and 16.89% for follow-up subjects, respectively, with incidences of 10.94% and 10.50% for males and 23.13% and 20.66% for females. The incidence of MS in normotensive subjects (15.53%) was lower than that in subjects with high-normal BP (29.08%). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, and drinking, the risk of having MS in the high-normal BP group was 1.823-fold [HR 1.823 95% CI (1.538–2.162)] higher than that in the normotensive group. The ROC curve showed that the BP cutoff values were more than 117/74 mmHg in males and 112/74 mmHg in females.ConclusionWhen BP was within the normal range, the incidence of MS in participants was very high. The MS incidence was higher among high-normal BP subjects than among normotensive subjects, as was the risk of having MS. The valid BP cutoff value for predicting MS in the population was 117/74 mmHg in males and 112/74 mmHg in females. Currently, epidemiological investigations are needed to determine whether a lower BP cutoff value is needed in diagnosing MS.

Health status of hypertensive subjects, district. Karnal, Haryana

Health is defined as the state of wellbeing and free from illness but over half of the world population is suffering from hypertension which is a major public health challenge to societies in socio-economic and epidemiological transition. The normal range of blood pressure as measured by the mercuric Sphygmomanometer is from 110/60 to 120/80 mmHg. A blood pressure persistently above 140/90 mm Hg of hypertension is termed as a hypertensive condition. This study was conducted to estimate awareness and its management among males and females of Karnal district by assessing their health status, dietary intake, and associated factors related to it. Data collection was done using a self-prepared structured questionnaire on 200 willing hypertensive subjects that were selected through purposive sampling method from the profile study. An equal number of males and females from the age group 31-60 years were selected for this study. The study revealed that the mean age of hypertensive subjects was 41-50 years. The majority of respondents were overweight due to poor lifestyle (lack or no physical activity) and dietary habits. It was observed that a higher percentage of hypertensive respondents were in the habit of using iodized salt. Also, the intake of water was less as per-day requirement i.e. 1.90 ± 0.78 liters’ males and 1.60 ± 0.49 liters females. Common foods restricte6d by hypertensive subject’s sweets, mutton, ghee, oil, bakery food, and pickles. The majority of respondents had disturbed sleep, job and health related stress which led to a rise in blood pressure. In conclusion, hypertension can be managed by structuring some therapeutic approaches like practicing yoga, walk, gym, jogging, meditation, anti-hypertensive medication, and many more. In the present study, more males were found to be practicing yoga as compared to females.

Study on performance of various stent materials using explicit finite element analysis

In many countries, cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality. Stent is tiny wire mesh tube which is inserted in coronary artery to get rid of blockage. Stents are available in various types Bare metallic, Drug eluting and Bioresorbable. The use of bioresorbable stents reduces the threat of post-implantation effects like stent thrombosis and bleeding, it also dissolves in the body over the period of time once the healing is done while re-narrowing of the artery is more likely to occur in bare metal stents. Metals are important materials for stent due to mechanical properties and ease for Image processing. The objective of the work makes an effort to compare various materials used in stent using explicit analysis. For analysis, we used AISI 316L stainless steel, Nitinol and Mg alloy (WE43) which are standard materials for stent application. Explicit finite element study was done to study the performance of stent at varying pressures from 100 to 120mm of Hg, which is normal blood pressure range of a human body. This computational study found that Nitinol has stress values from 2.18MPa-2.62MPa and was less compared to other materials. Further study are planned to study the impact of coating that can enhance the biocompatibility.

English

BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy leading to irreversible blindness. Raised intraocular pressure is one of the modifiable risk factors of developing glaucoma. Regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is influenced by various factors and, systolic hypertension is one of them. The objectives of the study was to assess the relationship between systolic hypertension and IOP, also to see the effect of controlled and uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (SBP) on IOP in adults above 40 years of age. METHODS This study included a total of 230 known systemic hypertensive patients of age above 40 years. All the patients underwent detailed history taking, careful systemic and ocular examination. IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer, central corneal thickness (CCT) by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and blood pressure (BP) was recorded after 5 minutes of rest. The data was recorded. RESULTS Correlation coefficient for SBP and IOP in right eye (RE) was 0.290 and for left eye (LE) was 0.354 with a probability value of P &lt; 0.0001 which was statistically highly significant. Mean IOP for controlled SBP was 17.76 mmHg in both eyes (BE) which increased to 20.19 mmHg in RE and 20.64 mmHg in LE in uncontrolled SBP. The Z score value between controlled and uncontrolled systolic hypertensive patients in RE and LE was 6.11 and 7.06 respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). There was an increment of IOP for every 10 mmHg in SBP by 0.56 mmHg in right eye and 0.73 mmHg in left eye. CONCLUSIONS Systolic blood pressure is significantly correlated with IOP. The uncontrolled SBP was related to higher mean IOP and mean IOP was found to increase with rise in SBP. Therefore, patients with known hypertension and glaucoma have to be regularly followed-up and should keep their BP in normal range to prevent disease progression. KEYWORDS Intraocular Pressure, Central Corneal Thickness, Systolic Blood Pressure, Adults Above 40 Years

Guideline on optimal blood pressure range for Chinese oldest old

Hypertension is a major problem of public health that endangers the health of the oldest old. However, the current guidelines for hypertension management do not uniformly diagnose hypertension among the oldest old, nor recommend a normal blood pressure range, which is not convictive enough to support the decision making to the prevention of blood pressure-related adverse events. This guideline gives guiding opinions on optimal blood pressure range for the Chinese oldest old, which applies to the staff of medical and health institutions at all levels nationwide to evaluate the blood pressure levels of the oldest old. It includes the sections of general principles, methods and standards of blood pressure evaluation, measurement conditions, specifications of blood pressure measurement, implementation approaches, etc. The guideline has important directive significance for improving the blood pressure management and decision-making level of the Chinese oldest old.

Abstract P622: Racial Variation in White Matter Hyperintensity Progression in the ACCORDION MIND Study

Introduction: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are linked to cognitive decline and stroke. We hypothesized that Black race would be associated with greater WMH progression in the ACCORDION MIND trial. Methods: The primary outcome is WMH progression in mL, evaluated by fitting linear regression to WMH volume on the month 80 MRI and including the WMH volume on the baseline MRI. The primary predictor is patient race, with the exclusion of patients defined as “other” race. We also derived predicted probabilities of our outcome for systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels. Results: We included 276 patients who completed the baseline and month 80 MRI, of which 207 were white, 48 Black, and 21 Hispanic. During follow-up, the mean number of SBP, LDL, and A1c measurements per patient was 21, 8, and 15. The mean (SD) WMH progression was 3.3 (5.4) mL for blacks, 2.5 (3.2) mL for Hispanics, and 2.4 (3.3) mL for whites. In the multivariate regression model (Table 1), Black, compared to white, patients had significantly more WMH progression (β Coefficient 1.26, 95% CI 0.45-2.06, p=0.002). Hispanic, compared to white, patients did not have significantly different WMH progression (p=0.392), nor was there a difference when comparing Hispanic to Black patients (p=0.162). The predicted WMH progression was significantly higher for Black compared to white patients across a mean SBP of 117 to 139 mm Hg (Figure 1). Conclusions: Black diabetic patients in ACCORDION MIND have a higher risk of WMH progression than white patients across a normal range of systolic blood pressure.

Awareness of Significance Blood Pressure Measurements in First MBBS Students in our Institute

Background: High blood pressure follows the Iceberg phenomenon as it is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Though hypertension is a problem of adults the etiologic process and risk behaviors start early in life3. Methods: An interventional study conducted on college students of DVVPF medical college. (table 2) Written informed consent was obtained from the participants who were the students of the age group 17-19 yrs and were included in the study. given in (table 1) Assessment of knowledge of students about hypertension and also its preventive measures was assessed by a pre-designed, and semi-structured questionnaire. Now after the study knowledge of students was checked. Results: Educational intervention helped increase the base knowledge of students about the normal range of blood pressure, Hypertension as a disease, its risk factors, and signs and symptoms. General awareness of the students about preventive measures of hypertension like avoiding junk food/ healthy diet, exercise, and meditation was 26%, 29%, and 6% respectively which was significantly increased after the educational intervention.(table 3) Conclusions: Attempts should be made towards educating college students about hypertension so that they change their lifestyles and reduce the incidence of hypertension in later life.

Using Tobit Model for Studying Factors Affecting Blood Pressure in Patients with Renal Failure

In this study, the Tobit Model as a statistical regression model was used to study factors affecting blood pressure (BP) in patients with renal failure. The data have been collected from (300) patients in Shar Hospital in Sulaimani city. Those records contain BP rates per person in patients with renal failure as a response variable (Y) which is measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and explanatory variables (Age [year], blood urea measured in milligram per deciliter [mg/dl], body mass index [BMI] expressed in units of kg/m2 [kilogram meter square], and Waist circumference measured by the Centimeter [cm]). The two levels of BP; high and low were taken from the patients. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was used to find the average of both levels (high and low BP). The average BP rate of those patients equal to or &gt;93.33 mmHg only remained in the dataset. The 93.33 mmHg is a normal range of MAP equal to 12/8 mmHg normal range of BP. The others have been censored as zero value, i.e., left censored. Furthermore, the same data were truncated from below. Then, in the truncated samples, only those cases under risk of BP (greater than or equal to BP 93.33mmHg) are recorded. The others were omitted from the dataset. Then, the Tobit Model applied on censored and truncated data using a statistical program (R program) version 3.6.1. The data censored and truncated from the left side at a point equal to zero. The result shows that factors age and blood urea have significant effects on BP, while BMI and Waist circumference factors have not to affect the dependent variable(y). Furthermore, a multiple regression model was found through ordinary least Square (OLS) analysis from the same data using the Stratigraphy program version 11. The result of (OLS) shows that multiple regression analysis is not a suitable model when we have censored and truncated data, whereas the Tobit model is a proficient technique to indicate the relationship between an explanatory variable, and truncated, or censored dependent variable.

Reference ranges and trajectories for blood pressure in pregnancy: findings from a follow-up study based on China Maternal and Newborn’s Health Monitoring System

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aimed to establish normal blood pressure reference ranges across gestation and maternal characteristics. Methods: We conducted a follow-up study including 29,200 Chinese normal pregnant women. Multilevel restrictive cubic spline models were used to calculate normal blood pressure reference ranges among all population and stratified groups. Results: In all normal pregnancies, the normal reference range of systolic blood pressure were 93.94-118.74 mmHg(2.5th-97.5th) and 97.35-124.63 mmHg at 12 and 37 weeks gestation, respectively while 58.79-74.21 mmHg and 59.19-78.25 mmHg were for diastolic blood pressure at 12 and 37 weeks gestation, which differed in subgroups stratified by prepregnancy body mass index and maternal age. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for blood pressure management in Chinese pregnant women.

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Children and Adolescents

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Children and Adolescents

Assessment of knowledge regarding hypertension and its preventive measures among students of Government Science College of North Gujarat region, India

Background: Many adult health problems e.g. hypertension, diabetes has their early origins in early adulthood, because this is the time when lifestyles are formed. Objective of this study was to determine the level of awareness among college students regarding hypertension and its preventive measures before and after educational interventional training.Methods: An interventional study conducted in college students of Government Science college of Vadnagar city, Gujarat. Duration of the study was March to October 2019. Total 100 students between the age group of 17-19 were included after written informed consent. Baseline knowledge of students regarding hypertension and its preventive measures was assessed by pre-designed, pre-tested and semi structured questionnaire. Single educational interventional training for 45 minutes was given to selected students. Post- intervention knowledge of students for the same was assessed after training. Thus, collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version).Results: Baseline knowledge of the students regarding normal range of blood pressure, risk factors of hypertension and signs and symptoms of hypertension was 21%, 30% and 40% respectively which was significantly increased to 64%, 79% and 72% respectively after educational intervention. Baseline knowledge of the students regarding preventive measures of hypertension like avoiding junk food/ healthy diet, exercise and meditation was 26%, 29% and 6% respectively which was significantly increased to 79%, 81% and 72% respectively after educational intervention.Conclusions: Efforts should be directed towards educating the college students about hypertension to change their lifestyles and reduce the incidence of hypertension in later life.