Normal Between Body Mass Index Group Research Articles

Evaluating the potential mediating role of ADAMTS13 activity in the relationship between obesity and the severity of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.

Obesity and low enzyme A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motif-13 (ADAMTS13) activity have been linked to poor coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given that obesity may influence ADAMTS13 activity, it is feasible; however, it remains unclear whether ADAMTS13 activity acts as a mediator between obesity and COVID-19 outcomes. We investigated the link between body mass index (BMI) and COVID-19 outcomes, using ADAMTS13 activity as a mediator. ADAMTS13 activity was measured in 86 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. BMI, ADAMTS13 activity, and COVID-19 outcomes were assessed. Obese patients had a high odds ratio for low ADAMTS13 levels. When different levels of ADAMTS13 activity were considered, the severity of COVID-19 in obese patients was 4.5 times that in the normal BMI group. Furthermore, increased coagulopathy indicators correlated with low ADAMTS13 activity. Patients with elevated ALT and AST levels showed a 3 to 4-fold increase in the chances of low ADAMTS13 activity (OR:3.19, 95% CI:1.22-8.90, P = .021; OR:2.17, 95% CI:0.91-5.27, P = .082, respectively). When ADAMTS13 activity was considered, obese patients had greater COVID-19 severity and slower viral clearance than those with normal BMI. Low ADAMTS13 activity and impaired liver function are associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes. These findings encourage researchers to use molecular component identification to study the effects of obesity on the von Willebrand factor (VWF)/ADAMTS13 axis, COVID-19 pathogenesis, and outcomes.

P399 Impact of Body Mass Index on Clinical Outcomes in Intestinal Behçet’s disease

Abstract Background The impact of underweight and obesity on clinical outcomes for intestinal Behçet’s disease (BD) is unknown. We aimed to identify the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in patients with intestinal BD. Methods We categorized 760 patients with intestinal BD according to the BMI at diagnosis into four groups (underweight, normal, overweight, obese) at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea between 1997 and 2021.We performed a Cox proportional hazard analysis to investigate the predictive capability of BMI for clinical outcomes such as biologics use, surgery, hospitalization and emergency room visit. Results Of the 760 patients, 130 patients were classified into underweight group (BMI<18.5), 384 patients into normal group (BMI 18.5~22.9), 152 patients into overweight group (BMI 23~24.9), and 94 patients into obese group (BMI≥25). Patients with a higher BMI group showed significantly lower cumulative rates of biologics use (p trend = 0.001), surgery (p trend = 0.008), hospitalization (p trend = 0.002), and emergency room visits (p trend = 0.003) than those with a lower BMI group. In a multivariate analysis, normal BMI group (HR: 0.667, 95% CI 0.483-0.992, p =0.014), overweight group (HR: 0.589, 95% CI 0.394-0.879,p=0.010), and obese group (HR: 0.515, 95% CI 0.321-0.828, p=0.006) were negatively associated with future hospitalization compared to underweight group. Overweight group (HR: 0.490, 95% CI 0.241-0.996, p =0.049) and obese group (HR: 0.312, 95% CI 0.116-0.840,p =0.021) were negatively associated with future biologics use compared to the underweight group. Normal BMI group (HR: 0.706, 95% CI 0.484- 1.029, p=0.070) and obese group (HR : 0.556, 95% CI 0.303-1.020,p=0.058) were negatively associated with future surgery compared to the underweight group. Normal BMI group (HR: 0.711, 95% CI 0.513-0.985, p=0.041) and obese group (HR: 0.602, 95% CI 0.376-0.963, p=0.034) were negatively associated with future emergency room visit compared to the underweight group. Conclusion Underweight could affect poor outcomes in intestinal Behçet’s disease. Physicians should pay attention to the patients with underweight and make an effort to improve nutritional status.

Relationship Between Obesity and Global Longitudinal Strain in the Pediatric Single Ventricle Fontan Population Across Ventricular Morphologies.

Obesity is associated with diminished myocardial function as measured by strain echocardiography in children and young adults with normal cardiac anatomy. Data are lacking about the effect of obesity on myocardial strain in patients with a single ventricle. In this study, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and single ventricle myocardial strain in the Fontan population was assessed. Thirty-eight abnormal BMI Fontan cases (21 overweight and 17 obese) and 30 normal BMI Fontan controls matched based on single ventricular morphology, age, and sex were included in the study. Ventricular morphology was categorized as single right ventricle, single left ventricle, or biventricular. Single ventricle global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLS) and other echocardiographic measurements were performed and compared between groups, with a P≤0.05 defined as significant. The abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS (-15.7±3.6% versus -17.2±3.2%, [P=0.03]) and elevated systolic blood pressure (P=0.04) compared with the normal BMI group. On subgroup analysis of those with single right ventricle morphology, the abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS compared with controls. There was no significant difference in GLS between the abnormal BMI and control groups in the single left ventricle and biventricular subgroups. Analyzed by ventricular morphology, no other variables were statistically different in the abnormal BMI group including systolic blood pressure. Inter-reader reproducibility for GLS and strain rate were excellent for both measures. Obesity has an adverse relationship with myocardial strain in the young Fontan population, with the most maladaptive response seen in the single right ventricle.

Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Compliance With Iron Tablet Consumption with The Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls

Background: The substance-based on research data from Health Basic (Riskesdas) 2018, the prevalence of anemia in teenage women in Indonesia by 32%. This means 3-4 out of 10 teenagers Princess suffering from anemia. The factor that exacerbates anemia in teenage princesses is the lack of intake of the substance iron, where the substance iron in teenage princesses is really needed by the body for accelerated growth and development. Besides that, teenage princesses experience menstruation every month, so they need it. Meanwhile, the amount of food consumed is not fulfilled, because the factor wants to slim. The aims study was to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the behavior of consuming iron supplement tablets with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at the Private Vocational High School Keluarga Bunda Jambi.
 Method: The method is an analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was all students in grades X and XI at the Private Vocational High School Keluarga Bunda Jambi, totaling 52 people, (total sampling). Data collection was carried out in May 2021 using a questionnaire and the hemoglobin value was obtained through examination of the hematology analyzer at the Medical Laboratory Technology of Health Polytechnic of Jambi, data analysis using Chi-square.
 Result: The results of the study showed that the incidence of anemia in young women was 25%. Based on BMI, the most common anemia occurred in the normal BMI group (46.1%), followed by a thin BMI of 30.7%. The highest incidence of anemia (92.3%) was in the group of adolescent girls who did not take iron tablets regularly
 Conclusion: There is a relationship between adherence to taking Iron Blood tablets and the incidence of anemia with a P-value of 0.000, but there is no significant relationship to BMI.

Association between BMI trajectories in late-middle age and subsequent dementia risk in older age: a 26-year population-based cohort study

BackgroundThe association between body mass index (BMI) and dementia risk differs depending on follow-up time and age at BMI measurement. The relationship between BMI trajectories in late-middle age (50–65 years old) and the risk of dementia in older age (> 65 years old) has not been revealed.MethodsIn the present study, participants from the Health and Retirement Study were included. BMI trajectories were constructed by combining BMI trend and variation information. The association between BMI trajectories at the age of 50–65 years and dementia risk after the age of 65 years was investigated. Participants with European ancestry and information on polygenic scores for cognitive performance were pooled to examine whether genetic predisposition could modify the association.ResultsA total of 10,847 participants were included in the main analyses. A declining BMI trend and high variation in late-middle age were associated with the highest subsequent dementia risk in older age compared with an ascending BMI trend and low variation (RR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.45–2.13). Specifically, in stratified analyses on BMI trajectories and dementia risk based on each individual's mean BMI, the strongest association between a declining BMI trend with high variation and elevated dementia risk was observed in normal BMI group (RR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.72–4.1). Similar associations were found when participants were stratified by their genetic performance for cognition function without interaction.ConclusionsA declining BMI trend and high variation in late-middle age were associated with a higher risk of dementia. Early monitoring of these individuals is needed to prevent dementia in older individuals.

Association between body mass index and clinical outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A multicenter observational study

BackgroundWe examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the database of an observational multicenter cohort in Japan. Adult patients with OHCA of cardiac etiology who received ECPR between 2013 and 2018 were categorized as follows: underweight, BMI < 18.5; normal weight, BMI = 18.5–24.9; overweight, BMI = 25–29.9; and obese, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality; secondary outcomes were unfavorable neurological outcomes at discharge (cerebral performance category ≥ 3) and ECPR-related complications. BMI’s association with outcomes was assessed using a logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, witness/bystander CPR, initial rhythm, prehospital return of spontaneous circulation, and low-flow time. ResultsIn total, 1,044 patients were analyzed. Their median age was 61 (IQR, 49–69) years; the median BMI was 24.2 (21.5–26.9) kg/m2. The overall rates of in-hospital mortality, unfavorable neurological outcome, and ECPR-related complications were 62.2%, 79.9%, and 31.7%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the overweight and obese groups had higher in-hospital mortality odds than the normal BMI group (odds ratio [95%CI], 1.37 [1.02–1.85], p = 0.035; and 2.09 [1.31–3.39], p < 0.001, respectively). The odds ratio for unfavorable neurological outcomes increased more in the obese than in the normal BMI group (3.17 [1.69–6.49], p < 0.001). ECPR-related complications were not significantly different among groups. ConclusionsIn OHCA patients undergoing ECPR, a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was associated with increased in-hospital mortality, and a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was also associated with a worse neurological outcome.

BMI Trajectories in Late Middle Age, Genetic Risk, and Incident Diabetes in Older Adults: Evidence From a 26-Year Longitudinal Study.

This study investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) trajectories in late middle age and incident diabetes in later years. A total of 11,441 participants aged 50-60 years from the Health and Retirement Study with at least 2 self-reported BMI records were included. Individual BMI trajectories representing average BMI changes per year were generated using multilevel modeling. Adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Associations between BMI trajectories and diabetes risk in participants with different genetic risks were estimated for 5,720 participants of European ancestry. BMI trajectories were significantly associated with diabetes risk in older age (slowly increasing vs. stable: ARR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.54; rapidly increasing vs. stable: ARR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.79). This association was strongest for normal-initial-BMI participants (slowly increasing: ARR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.88; rapidly increasing: ARR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.37, 3.11). Participants with a higher genetic liability to diabetes and a rapidly increasing BMI trajectory had the highest risk for diabetes (ARR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.67, 2.76). These findings confirmed that BMI is the leading risk factor for diabetes and that although the normal BMI group has the lowest incidence rate for diabetes, people with normal BMI are most sensitive to changes in BMI.

The Relationship Between BMI and Lung Function in Populations with Different Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the Enjoying Breathing Program in China.

PurposeTo analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and lung function, which may help optimize the screening and management process for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the early stages.Patients and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study using data from the Enjoying Breathing Program in China, participants were divided into two groups according to COPD Screening Questionnaire (COPD-SQ) scores (at risk and not at risk of COPD) and three groups based on lung function (normal lung function, preserved ratio impaired spirometry [PRISm], and obstructive lung function).ResultsA total of 32,033 subjects were enrolled in the current analysis. First, in people at risk of COPD, overweight and obese participants had better forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; overweight: 0.33 liters (l), 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27 to 0.38; obesity: 0.31 L, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.39) values than the normal BMI group. Second, among people with PRISm, underweight participants had a lower FEV1 (−0.56 L, 95% CI: −0.86 to −0.26) and forced vital capacity (FVC; −0.33 L, 95% CI: −0.55 to −0.11) than participants with a normal weight, and obese participants had a higher FEV1 (0.22 L, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.42) and FVC (0.16 L, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.30) than participants with a normal weight. Taking normal BMI as the reference group, lower FEV1 (−0.80 L, 95% CI: −0.97 to −0.63) and FVC (−0.53 L, 95% CI: −0.64 to −0.42) were found in underweight participants with obstructive spirometry, and better FEV1 (obesity: 0.26 L, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.40) was found in obese participants with obstructive spirometry.ConclusionBeing underweight and severely obese are associated with reduced lung function. Slight obesity was shown to be a protective factor for lung function in people at risk of COPD and those with PRISm.

ASSOCIATION OF ADULT OBESITY AND SERUM B12 DEFICIENCY - A CASECONTROL STUDY FROM INDIA

Introduction: Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin; has been implicated as an important factor in regulating various metabolic processes, thus playing a role in the etiology of obesity. To assess whether obese adults a Objectives: re at an increased risk for vitamin B12 deciency. This study aimed to assess the serum vitamin B12 status of obese Indians to see if there were any associations between body mass index (BMI) and serum B12 concentration. Medicine outpatient at a medical college university hospita Settings: Methods: l. We included 224 adult participants aged ≥19 years. Overweight and obesity were dened as BMI ≥ 25-29.9 kg/m2 and ≥ 30 kg/m2 respectively. The study subjects were divided into 2 groups as normal BMI (&lt; 25 kg/m2) group, and the obese BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) group. BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters square. Fasting venous blood samples were taken from the subjects for the estimation of serum B12 concentrations which were measured using the fully automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Low serum B12 was dened concentration &lt; 197 pg/mL, and B12 deciency was dened as concentration below 150 pg/mL. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% condence interval (CI) were obtained by the binary logistic regression method. The correlation between serum B12 and BMI was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefcient (r) across various BMI categories. Serum B12 level was signicantly lower among obese adults compa Results: red with non-obese adults. There were signicant negative associations between BMI and serum B12 (p =0.004). Pearson correlation coefcient was strongly negatively associated for BMI with serum B12 level (r= -0.703, p&lt;0.00001). Obesity in otherwise healthy adults was associated with Conclusions: an increased risk of serum B12 deciency. A negative association was found between serum B12 concentrations in obese adult subjects. This association was more pronounced with higher grades of obesity; further research at a large scale is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and its prevalence in the obese population. We recommend that the possibility of vitamin B12 deciency should always be considered in obese adults.

The impact of body mass index (BMI) on satisfaction with work life: An international BODY-Q study.

SummaryObesity is a global health issue known to have a major influence on health‐related quality of life (HR‐QOL). HR‐QOL is a concept evaluating physical and psychological health. Work life can impact HR‐QOL in people with obesity. The aim of this study was to measure the association between body mass index (BMI) and satisfaction with work life. This study included participants from an international multicenter field‐test study of BODY‐Q scales. Recruitment took place at hospitals in Denmark, The Netherlands and USA between June 2019 and January 2020. The BODY‐Q Work Life scale was used to measure work life satisfaction. The difference between BMI groups and work life satisfaction was examined using one‐way analysis of variance. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between BMI and work life satisfaction, adjusted for significant confounders. Of 4123 participants, 2515 completed the BODY‐Q Work Life scale. BMI groups showed significant difference in work life satisfaction (p < .0001). The Work Life scale mean score was 77.6 for the normal BMI group, 78.5 for the overweight group and 75.0, 68.9 and 63.8 for Class 1, 2 and 3 obesity, respectively. Furthermore, BMI was significantly associated with satisfaction with work life (adjusted regression coefficient −.962, p < .0001). Higher BMI was associated with lower work life satisfaction. This finding suggests that a reduction in BMI may have a positive influence on work life satisfaction in people with obesity.

Association of Body Mass Index with Hearing Loss in Korean Adult Population.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and hearing loss. We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort 2009–2019 (291,471 patients with hearing loss and 6,088,979 control participants). Both patient groups were subsequently divided into four groups according to BMI: <18.5 (underweight), 18.5–24.9 (normal), 25–29.9 (obese I), and ≥30 (obese II). To evaluate the relationship between BMI and hearing loss, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, proteinuria, serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and fasting glucose levels. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of the underweight group for hearing loss was 1.21 (95% CI = 1.19–1.24) compared to the normal BMI group, whereas the adjusted ORs of obese I and obese II groups for hearing loss were 0.95 and 0.87, respectively. Being underweight was generally associated with an increased prevalence of hearing loss in the Korean adult population.

Impact of body mass index on the outcome of elderly patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Underweight or overweight patients with cardiovascular diseases are associated with different outcomes. However, the data on the relation between body mass index (BMI) and outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are not homogeneous. The aim of this study was to assess the role of low BMI on short and long-term mortality in real-world patients undergoing TAVI. We retrospectively included patients undergoing TAVI for severe aortic valve stenosis. Patients were classified into three BMI categories: underweight (< 20kg/m2), normal weight (20-24.9kg/m2) and overweight/obese (≥ 25kg/m2). Our primary endpoint was long-term all-cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality. A total of 794 patients were included [mean age 82.3 ± 5.3, 53% females]. After a median follow-up of 2.2years, all-cause mortality was 18.1%. Patients in the lowest BMI group showed a higher mortality rate as compared to those with higher BMI values. At the multivariate Cox regression analysis, as compared to the normal BMI group, BMI < 20kg/m2 was associated with long-term mortality independently of baseline risk factors and postprocedural adverse events (hazard ratio [HR] 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30-4.03] and HR 2.61, 95% CI 1.48-4.60, respectively). The highest BMI values were found to be protective for both short- and long-term mortality as compared to lower BMI values even after applying the same adjustments. In our cohort, BMI values under 20kg/m2 were independent predictors of increased long-term mortality. Conversely, the highest BMI values were associated with lower mortality rates both at short- and long-term follow-up.

Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Chronic Periodontitis

Introduction: Obesity is regarded as unnecessary body fat in ratio to lean body mass. Besides being an established risk factor for cardiovascular and other systemic diseases, obesity has been suggested to be a potential threat for periodontitis as well.&#x0D; Objective: The objective of the study was to learn relationship between body mass index (BMI) and periodontal disease.&#x0D; Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at People’s Dental College from February 16 to April 15, 2021 after ethical approval. Seventy-two participants were selected conveniently who, on the basis of calculation of weight and height were allocated into two groups: Group A: participants with normal BMI, Group B: Obese/ overweight individuals. Plaque index, gingival index, periodontal pocket, and clinical attachment loss were recorded in both the groups to assess the periodontal disease status. On basis of findings, the two groups were statistically compared.&#x0D; Results: The result showed clinical attachment loss was significantly higher (P &lt;0.001) in overweight/obese group than in normal BMI group (P =0 .001).&#x0D; Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that obesity and overweight can be a possible predisposing factor for periodontal disease.

Effect of BMI on Central Arterial Reflected Wave Augmentation Index, Toe-Brachial Index, Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Ankle-Brachial Index in Chinese Elderly Hypertensive Patients with Hemorrhagic Stroke

BackgroundHypertensive cerebral hemorrhage seriously endangers the health of the elderly. However, the relationship between obesity and arterial elasticity in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage remains to be clarified. The purpose of our study is to explore the associations between body mass index (BMI) and central arterial reflected wave augmentation index (cAIx), toe-brachial index (TBI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) in the elderly hypertensive patients with hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and MethodsA total of 502 elderly hypertensive patients with hemorrhagic stroke and 100 healthy controls were collected. According to the BMI, patients were divided into normal BMI, overweight, obesity, and obese groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to establish a risk model for elderly hypertensive hemorrhagic stroke. ResultsCompared with the normal BMI group, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), cAIx, and baPWV in the abnormal BMI group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while TBI and ABI were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that BMI (OR = 1.031, 95%CI: 1.009–1.262), cAIx (OR = 1.214, 95%CI: 1.105–1.964), TBI (OR = 0.913, 95%CI: 0.885–0.967), baPWV (OR = 1.344, 95%CI: 1.142–2.147), and ABI (OR = 0.896, 95%CI: 0.811–0.989) are important factors for the occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke in the elderly hypertensive patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of cAIx, TBI, baPWV, ABI, and BMI were 0.914, 0.797, 0.934, 0.833, and 0.608, respectively. The final prediction model of hemorrhagic stroke elderly hypertensive patients was Y(P)= 65.424 + 0.307(cAIx) - 13.831(TBI) + 0.012(baPWV) - 0.110(ABI) + 0.339(BMI). ConclusionsObesity is associated with decreased arterial elasticity. Therefore, reasonable weight management of the elderly may be of great significance for reducing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke in patients with hypertension.

Higher body mass index associated with smaller frontal cortical volumes in older adult patients with bipolar disorder

Background and objectivesPatients with bipolar disorder (BD) tend to have accelerated decline in executive function during the aging. Thus far, only few studies have examined the effect of obesity on frontal cortical volumes in young patients with BD. Herein we aimed to ascertain the association between body mass index (BMI) and frontal cortical volumes in older adult patients with BD. MethodsWe recruited outpatients who were diagnosed as bipolar I disorder (BD-I) and aged over 50 years to undergo volumetric magnetic resonance imaging and anthropometric measurement. Clinical data were obtained through interview and chart review. ResultsA total of 42 patients (mean age, 59.5±7.9 years) with BD-I were recruited in this study. Compared with normal BMI group, overweight/obese patients (59.5%, n=25) had significantly smaller volumes of the bilateral prefrontal cortex and right orbitofrontal cortex. After adjusting cardiometabolic variables, higher BMI and age were significantly associated with smaller volumes of the left prefrontal cortex and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, accounting for 29.8% (left prefrontal cortex), 33.1% (left orbitofrontal cortex), and 42.0% (right orbitofrontal cortex) of the variance. BMI alone was negatively associated with the volumes of the right prefrontal and right medial frontal cortexes, accounting for 25.7% and 14.7% of the variance, respectively. ConclusionsHigher BMI was associated with smaller cortical volumes across individual frontal regions in older patients with BD independent of cardiometabolic morbidity. Future research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the association between BMI and frontal cortical volumes in older patients with BD.

Body mass index and mild cognitive impairment among rural older adults in China: the moderating roles of gender and age

BackgroundEvidence concerning the association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function among older people is inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate gender and age as moderators in association between BMI and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among rural older adults.MethodsData were derived from the 2019 Health Service for Rural Elderly Families Survey in Shandong, China. In total, 3242 people aged 60 years and above were included in the analysis. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine the moderating roles of gender and age, then further to explore the relationship between BMI and MCI.ResultsThere were 601 (18.5%) participants with MCI. Compared with normal BMI group, low BMI group had a higher risk of MCI among older people [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–3.44], women (aOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.35–3.12), or the older elderly aged ≥75 years old (aOR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.34–7.45). This effect remained statistically significant among older women (aOR = 3.38, 95% CI: 1.69–6.73). Among older men, elevated BMI group had a higher risk of MCI (aOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.17–4.61) than normal BMI group.ConclusionsGender and age moderated the association between BMI and MCI among Chinese rural older adults. Older women with low BMI were more likely to have MCI, but older men with elevated BMI were more likely to have MCI. These findings suggest rural community managers strengthen the health management by grouping the weight of older people to prevent the risk of dementia.

Low body mass index is associated with ectopic pregnancy following assisted reproductive techniques: a retrospective study

To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and ectopic pregnancy (EP) following embryo transfer (ET). Retrospective cohort study. University-affiliated hospital. A total of 16378 pregnancies derived from either fresh ET or frozen-thawed ET between January 2008 and December 2017. We used the generalised estimating equation (GEE) to analyse the association between BMI categories and EP, as one woman may contribute to more than one pregnancy. Generalised additive models were also used to demonstrate the non-linear association. Models were adjusted for age, parity, gravidity, previous history of ectopic pregnancy, duration of infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, diagnosis of tubal problems, ovarian reserve markers, ovarian stimulation parameters, insemination protocol, endometrial thickness and embryo transfer policies. Ectopic pregnancy. According to the WHO criteria, the number of cycles with low (<18.5kg/m2 ), normal (18.5-24.9kg/m2 ) and high (≥25kg/m2 ) BMI were 2155, 13447 and 776, respectively. In comparison with the normal BMI group, the rate of EP was significantly increased in the low BMI group (2.92% versus 2.02%, relative risk 1.45, 95% CI 1.11-1.90), but not in the high BMI group (2.84%, relative risk 1.41, 95% CI 0.92-2.20). Adjusted for confounding factors, the odds ratio for EP comparing low BMI versus normal BMI was 1.61 (95% CI 1.19-2.16) and that comparing high BMI versus normal BMI was 1.12 (95% CI 0.72-1.76). Low BMI is associated with an increased risk of EP. The ectopic pregnancy rate after embryo transfer for lean women is higher than that for women of normal weight.

Body Mass Index and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundThe association between body mass index (BMI) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has not been clarified and is controversial. Therefore, the purpose of present study is to explore the association between BMI and MACE.Material/MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study in which 204 participants who were diagnosed with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and received elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were recruited. According to the BMI, patients were divided into 3 categories – underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), normal BMI (18.5 ≤BMI <25 kg/m2), and overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2)], and the patients were followed up. The primary endpoint was MACE.ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 783 days, MACE events had occurred in 18 participants. After controlling for potential confounding factors, no difference was observed in MACE between the underweight group and the normal BMI group (OR=1.73, 95% CI 0.42 to 7.17); but there were significantly fewer MACE in the overweight group than in the normal BMI group (OR=0.17; 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.84). Pearson correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with hemoglobin (r=0.2102) and albumin (r=0.2780), but negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=−0.2052). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that the best threshold for BMI to predict MACE was 24.23, the area under the curve was 0.729, sensitivity was 0.893, and the specificity was 0.460.ConclusionsOur study shows that overweight patient with stable CAD have lower risk of MACE after PCI, and the optimal threshold for predicting MACE is 24.23.

The impact of body mass index on reproductive hormones, testosterone/estradiol ratio and semen parameters.

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sperm parameters and reproductive hormone levels in patients with no known risk factors for infertility.Material and methodsFour hundred patients who met the study’s inclusion criteria were divided into three groups according to their BMI values as normal weight (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Semen parameters, reproductive hormone levels and testosterone/estradiol ratio were compared retrospectively between the groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age and infertility period. The mean BMI of all the patients was 26.6 ±4.08, and the BMI in the normal, overweight and obese groups were 22.6 ±1.7, 27.4 ±1.3, and 33.4 ±2.9, respectively (p <0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, and progressive and total motility. Serum testosterone (T) level and testosterone/estradiol (T/E2) ratio were significantly higher in the normal BMI group (p <0.001).ConclusionsAdipose tissue increase was not significantly correlated with change in the semen parameters and it was negatively correlated with T levels and T/E2 ratio.

Impact of body mass index on surgical outcomes of gastric cancer

BackgroundThe association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes of gastric cancer were still under debate. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of BMI on intraoperative conditions, postoperative complications and prognosis of gastric cancer.MethodsFrom October 2008 to March 2015, 1210 gastric cancer patients treated with D2 gastrectomy were enrolled in the present study. Patients were divided into three groups: low BMI group (BMI < 18.5 Kg/m2), normal BMI group (18.5 Kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25.0 Kg/m2) and high BMI group (BMI ≥ 25.0 Kg/m2). Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients were recorded and analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to match patients in the three groups.ResultsThere were 107 patients in low BMI group (8.9%), 862 patients in normal BMI group (71.2%) and 241 patients in high BMI group (19.95%). Before matching, BMI was inversely associated with tumor size, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor stage (all P < 0.05). After matching, the clinicopathological features were all comparable among the three groups (all P > 0.05). High BMI was associated with increased blood loss and operation time, and deceased number of retrieved lymph nodes (all P < 0.05). For postoperative complications, low BMI was associated with decreased rate of postoperative fever (P = 0.025). Age, BMI, tumor size, Borrmann type, pathological type, type of gastrectomy, tumor depth, LNM and tumor stage were risk factors for the prognosis of gastric cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that only BMI, tumor size, tumor depth and LNM were independent prognostic factors. The overall survival of patients with low BMI was significantly worse than patients with normal (P < 0.05) or high BMI (P < 0.05). However, the overall survival was comparable between patients with normal and high BMI (P > 0.05).ConclusionsBMI was inversely associated with tumor size, tumor depth, LNM and tumor stage. High BMI was associated with increased blood loss and operation time, and deceased number of retrieved lymph nodes. Low BMI was associated with decreased rate of postoperative fever and decreased survival.