Normal Abortion Research Articles

Mutations in the Gene for Factor V Leiden and G20210A Prothrombin Polymorphism in Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: A Retrospective Study in a Brazilian Population

Background: Pregnancy is sufficiently considered an important risk factor for thromboembolic events. We aimed to determine the prevalence of factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin gene 20210A mutations in patients with miscarriages and to correlate these results with normal and abnormal karyotypes. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in 247 women with a history of miscarriages. These samples were karyotyped, and the DNA was extracted (chorionic villi) and genotyped for FVL and prothrombin gene polymorphism. Results: Polymorphism frequency was compared among different groups. FLV showed significant levels in the normal cytogenetic groups in two comparisons: normal abortion (NA) versus abnormal abortion (AA) (P = 0.08) and normal recurrent abortion (NRA) versus AA (P = 0.048). The presence or absence of at least one polymorphism was evaluated. The frequency of G20210A prothrombin gene polymorphism was higher in NA than in AA: NA versus AA (P = 0.014), NRA versus AA (P = 0.018) and AA versus NRA (P = 0.01). Conclusions: The FVL showed probable importance in the genesis of abortions due to its greater frequency of normal karyotype miscarriage. Once presence of both polymorphisms was significantly higher in normal karyotype miscarriage than in abnormal, we can infer that the alterations are associated with the pathophysiology of abortions. J Clin Gynecol Obstet. 2016;5(3):85-91 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jcgo412e

Detection of MMP-9 and TIMP-3 mRNA expression in the villi of patients undergoing early spontaneous abortion: A report of 30 cases.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP)-3 expression with spontaneous abortion (SA) during early pregnancy. The villus tissues of 30 SA cases and 20 requested abortion cases were collected during surgery and constituted the SA and normal abortion (NA) groups, respectively. The total villous RNA was extracted and the expression levels of MMP -9 and TIMP-3 mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to calculate the MMP-9/TIMP-3 mRNA ratio. The MMP-9 mRNA expression level and MMP-9/TIMP-3 mRNA ratio of the SA group were significantly higher than those of the NA group (P<0.01), while the TIMP-3 mRNA levels of the two groups were similar (P>0.05). The MMP-9 mRNA expression level of the SA group was higher than that of the NA group; thus, the MMP-9/TIMP-3 mRNA ratio was higher. These results suggest that the expression level of MMP-9 mRNA and the MMP-9/TIMP-3 mRNA ratio are associated with SA.