Nonverbal Communication Behaviors Research Articles

Dental Management of Pedatric Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder under General Anesthesia: A Case Report

Autism spectrum disorder or autism, corresponds to "a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), characterized by an abnormal or a deficient development. It is manifested before the age of three, with a characteristic disturbance in the functioning of each of the following three areas: social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviors. The combination of these three elements corresponds to the autistic triad. The latter appears in different forms, with varying degrees of severity, and can also vary with age. The oral care of this patient remains delicate, due to the difficulty of communication and the apprehension of his behavioral response. The young female, 13 years old and in good general health, presented to the dental center of Cheikh Khalifa Hospital with spontaneous pain in the right mandibular and left maxillary sectors. She was diagnosed with one of the autistic spectrum disorders: Asperger's syndrome. In our case, the patient was uncooperative and unable to attend the dental treatment in a vigorous state or under conscious sedation. General anaesthesia was the choice option. This last resort allows the patient to lose consciousness, eliminates pain and relaxes the muscles, making dental treatment a pleasant experience. The aim of this poster is to illustrate, through a case study, the protocol for managing a patient with autism spectrum disorder, and to demonstrate the indication for general anesthesia in the treatment of this patient.

Students' Communication Behavior in Achieving Learning Targets in Kampung Inggris Pare Kediri, East Java

The students who are immigrants from various regions in Inonesia come to Kampung Inggris to learn English English is a foreign language which requires practice in order to become accustomed to English. In achieving the learning goals, students communicate, either using language that is done verbally or using movements or visualizations in a non verbal way. Therefore, it is interesting to examine the communication behavior of student, both verbal and non-verbal in Kampung Inggris Pare Kediri in achieving learning targets. The research method uses qualitative phenomenology by thoroughly describing the data obtained during the research process. The data collection technique uses observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The theoretical foundation uses the theory of operant conditioning which is a conditioning process of strengthening behavior that can result in the behavior recurring or disappearing according to wishes. Moreover, it also uses the theory of social construction where there is social knowledge and reality. The results showed that Students' daily verbal communication behavior is not always in English. Only in the dormitory students must use English. Students choose a conversation partner that is one level or a higher level. Students switch reading to English reading. Non-verbal communication behavior when students wear casual clothes. Facial expressions and body movements can help in interpreting conversations. Confused students can be identified by a weakened intonation of their voice and a tendency to be silent. The more confident the student, the higher the intonation.

Perilaku Komunikasi Remaja Pengguna Aplikasi Tiktok (Studi Pada SMP 15 Bengkulu Selatan)

This research aims to analyze the communication behavior of TikTok social media users, especially non-verbal communication behavior, especially among adolescents at SMPN 15 of South Bengkulu. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and observations of adolescents at SMPN 15 of South Bengkulu who use TikTok. This research uses communication theory according to Harold Dwight Lasswell. This theory suggests that a good way to explain the communication process is to answer five questions, namely: Who (who is the source), Says What (what is conveyed), In Which Channel (via what media), To Whom (who is the target), and With What Effect (what is the influence) 4. This theory can help identify the communication elements involved in using the TikTok application, as well as their impact on adolescent communication behavior. The results of the research show the Communication Behavior of TikTok Social Media Users at SMPN 15 of South Bengkulu, namely that they use TikTok social media because it is a trend nowadays. There are various interesting features on TikTok social media so that it can relieve the burden on your mind. Creating viral video content and sharing your own edits, educating TikTok social media users and channeling talents through TikTok social media, making TikTok social media a source of entertainment and information and what are the impacts of using TikTok social media, both positive and negative.

Interpretation of the Non-verbal Communication in the Film My Fair Lady from the Pragmatic Perspective

Verbal communication and non-verbal communication are two essential ways of human communication behavior. From the pragmatic perspective, non-verbal communication can even convey more content in certain situations than verbal communication. In non-verbal communication, body language, dress and personal adornment, and boundary play a single or comprehensive role in reinforcing, supplementing, and weakening verbal information. This article takes two typical scenes of the film My Fair Lady as examples to interpret non-verbal communication behavior in a pragmatic sense.

PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE COMPONENT "EYE / EYES" IN SLAVIC AND VIETNAMESE LANGUAGES AS A MEANS OF EXPRESSING NON-VERBAL PERSON’S BEHAVIOR

The purpose of the study is to determine the representation of non-verbal communicative behavior of the Slavs and Vietnamese in a phraseological way on the example of the behavior of characters in literary translations from several Slavic languages (Ukrainian, Polish, Russian) into Vietnamese. The object of study is the identical, similar and distinctive features of non-verbal communicative behavior by eyes that characterize the Slavs and Vietnamese. Electronic online dictionaries, including phraseological dictionaries of the Ukrainian, Polish, Russian, and Vietnamese languages, as well as several original artistic texts of Slavic authors and their translations into the Vietnamese language, were chosen as research material. The result of the research is the observations highlighted in the presentation of the main material of the article and its conclusions. A comparative analysis of phraseological means of communicative oculesics shows that non-verbal means of communication can have a universal, socially delineated and nationally defined character. Most of the phraseological units with the component “eye / eyes” in the Slavic and Vietnamese linguocultural spaces have equivalents. There are also background and non-equivalent units.

An observational study protocol to capture, validate and characterise lucid episodes in people living with advanced dementia receiving hospice care

IntroductionLucid episodes (LEs) in advanced neurodegenerative disease, characterised by a transient recovery of abilities, have been reported across neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Evidence on LEs in...

Improving the social communication skills of preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder: robot-based intervention on Picture Exchange Communication System use

Objectives Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit challenges in social communication. Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is effective in enhancing the social skills of children with ASD, and interventions using social robots are potentially beneficial training tools. However, it is uncertain whether robots can facilitate more effective training for children with ASD compared to human therapists. Methods In the present study, we compared the effectiveness of robot-based and human-based interventions on enhancing the social communication behaviors in young children diagnosed with ASD. The feasibility and efficacy of integrating the PECS in robotic systems were evaluated using a single-case design. Eight children with ASD were randomly assigned to either a robot-based group (N = 4) or a human-based group (N = 4). Participants in the two groups underwent phases I–III of the PECS protocol facilitated by either a human therapist or a robot therapist. Changes in social communication behaviors were assessed in each child after intervention using a single-case design. Results Half of the participants in the robot-based intervention group showed significant improvement in both verbal and nonverbal communication behaviors after a two-month PECS intervention. A higher proportion of children in the robot-based intervention group showed significantly enhanced social communication skills encompassing both verbal and nonverbal behaviors than in the human-based intervention group. Conclusions This study demonstrates the effectiveness of robot-based PECS intervention in enhancing verbal and nonverbal communication behaviors in young children with ASD. These findings present novel intervention tools for early intervention educators engaged in supporting children with ASD.

Analisis Perilaku Komunikasi Pengguna Media Sosial Tik Tok


 
 
 
 This study aims to analyze the communication behavior of Tik Tok social media users, especially non-verbal communication behavior, especially among Communication Science students at Dehasen University Bengkulu. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and observations of active students of the Communication Science Study Program who use Tik Tok. This research uses the S-O-R theory, namely Stimulus, Organism, and Response. The results showed that Communication Science students tend to dominate non-verbal communication behavior on Tik Tok. They often access videos according to interests and trends, creating content inspired by what they watch. Although the content varies, the main trends include traveling, cooking, selling, news, vlogging, thrift clothes and family drama. Participation was dominated by female students, with varied responses after using Tik Tok, including being entertained, inspired and wanting to exist through comments. Non-verbal student communication behaviors included facial expressions and gestures, clothing, visual effects, camera movements and editing, as well as reactions and interactions with other content. Students often use their creativity to attract attention, share ideas and engage in community interaction on Tik Tok.
 
 
 

장애학생과의 의사소통 어려움과 지원요구 조사 -초등학교 통합학급 교사를 대상으로-

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the difficulties encountered by general educators’ when communicating with students with disabilities in an inclusive elementary classroom and to explore these students’ support needs. Method: To explore the difficulties encountered by the teachers when communicating with students with disabilities, an online survey was conducted on 240 teachers in inclusive elementary school classrooms, and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics such as mean and frequency. Results: The participants showed above-average level of difficulty in communicating with students with disabilities, even though the majority of students with disabilities had verbal communication ability. The teachers showed diverse responses regarding the nonverbal communication behaviors of students with disabilities in various situations within the inclusive classrooms. The nonverbal communication behaviors included challenging behaviors. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the necessity of introducing evidence-based practice for various learners in inclusive classrooms, integrating behavioral problem support and communication support, and empowering the capabilities of special educators as communication support experts were discussed.

ContructioOf the Meaning Of "Environment" For Children "Si Bolang" Broadcast on Trans7

This research is entitled "Korean Girlband Fanboy Communication Behavior (Study on PF Entertainment Dance Cover Community in Palembang)" which aims to determine the communication behavior of K-pop girl band fanboys and the effects that occur after liking the K-pop girl band. This type of research uses qualitative methods. Collection techniques the data in this study were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation. The primary data source of this study was interviews with members of the PF Entertainment dance cover community in Palembang. Secondary data sources from this study consisted of books, journals, previous theses, and websites related to this research. This study uses Social Learning Theory, which explains that human behavior can be formed from observing and then the behavior is studied. This research results in a change in communication behavior towards K-pop girl band fanboys. The behavior change is carried out continuously so that the behavior generated continues and becomes a habit. The behavior in question can be in the form of two things, namely verbal communication behavior and nonverbal communication behavior. This sustainable behavior occurs because the influence caused by K-pop girl groups is well received so this sustainable behavior continues to be applied in everyday life.

COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR OF KOREAN GIRLBAND FANBOY

This research is entitled "Korean Girlband Fanboy Communication Behavior (Study on PF Entertainment Dance Cover Community in Palembang)" which aims to determine the communication behavior of K-pop girl band fanboys and the effects that occur after liking the K-pop girl band. This type of research uses qualitative methods. Collection techniques the data in this study were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation. The primary data source of this study was interviews with members of the PF Entertainment dance cover community in Palembang. Secondary data sources from this study consisted of books, journals, previous theses, and websites related to this research. This study uses Social Learning Theory, which explains that human behavior can be formed from observing and then the behavior is studied. This research results in a change in communication behavior towards K-pop girl band fanboys. The behavior change is carried out continuously so that the behavior generated continues and becomes a habit. The behavior in question can be in the form of two things, namely verbal communication behavior and nonverbal communication behavior. This sustainable behavior occurs because the influence caused by K-pop girl groups is well received so this sustainable behavior continues to be applied in everyday life

Differences in Social Expectations About Robot Signals and Human Signals.

In our daily lives, we are continually involved in decision-making situations, many of which take place in the context of social interaction. Despite the ubiquity of such situations, there remains a gap in our understanding of how decision-making unfolds in social contexts, and how communicative signals, such as social cues and feedback, impact the choices we make. Interestingly, there is a new social context to which humans are recently increasingly more frequently exposed-social interaction with not only other humans but also artificial agents, such as robots or avatars. Given these new technological developments, it is of great interest to address the question of whether-and in what way-social signals exhibited by non-human agents influence decision-making. The present study aimed to examine whether robot non-verbal communicative behavior has an effect on human decision-making. To this end, we implemented a two-alternative-choice task where participants were to guess which of two presented cups was covering a ball. This game was an adaptation of a "Shell Game." A robot avatar acted as a game partner producing social cues and feedback. We manipulated robot's cues (pointing toward one of the cups) before the participant's decision and the robot's feedback ("thumb up" or no feedback) after the decision. We found that participants were slower (compared to other conditions) when cues were mostly invalid and the robot reacted positively to wins. We argue that this was due to the incongruence of the signals (cue vs. feedback), and thus violation of expectations. In sum, our findings show that incongruence in pre- and post-decision social signals from a robot significantly influences task performance, highlighting the importance of understanding expectations toward social robots for effective human-robot interactions.

Comparative Analysis of Autism Education Policies in Mainland China and Hong Kong

Autism, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, is characterized by deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication, repetitive and stereotypical behavior patterns and interests, and sensory sensitivities. Despite the increasing prevalence of autism, there is limited research on the education of children with autism. This study compares the autism education policies in Mainland China and Hong Kong based on field research conducted at the Shunde District Shangliao Children Rehabilitation Center and Aoi School. The findings reveal that although there have been improvements in the education of children with autism in Mainland China, there are still several deficiencies compared to Hong Kong, including limited educational opportunities, low integration with mainstream schools, and a shortage of qualified educators. Recommendations are provided to enhance the educational landscape for children with autism, including increasing educational opportunities, supporting the development of special education in mainstream schools, fostering collaboration between rehabilitation centers and mainstream schools, promoting inclusive education, and providing professional training for teachers. These suggestions aim to advance autism education policies in Mainland China.

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

‘The collar never comes off’: A qualitative study of clergy professionalism

Abstract In this study, we examine clergy use of verbal and nonverbal communicative behaviors of professionalism within the pastor–parishioner dyad. In doing so, we interviewed 21 clergy from disparate Christian denominations—The Episcopal Church, USA, and The Assemblies of God, and analyzed data via modified constant comparative analysis. Findings, conceptualized through Uhl-Bien’s Relational Leadership Theory (RLT), produced answers as to why clergy members employ professionalism-based behaviors, which behaviors they frequently employ, and the benefit of professionalism to the pastor–parishioner leadership dyad. Findings theoretically contribute (1) an introduction toward the development of a clergy framework of professionalism, (2) an expansion on the understanding of professionalism, (3) a mechanism of influence and control inside RLT—professionalism, and (4) demonstrates that co-construction within a leadership relationship is guided by underlying assumptions of power within the dyad. The authors conclude with pragmatic implications for all leaders.

GAME TECHNOLOGIES IN CORRECTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL WORK WITH CHILDREN WITH SEVERE SPEECH DISORDERS

The article reveals the possibilities of game technologies in corrective and developmental work with children with severe speech disorders. A system of correctional work is proposed, which includes various methods and techniques of logarithmic influence on children of younger preschool age. The purpose and task of the logarithmic influence on children with severe speech disorders is revealed: overcoming this disorder through the development and correction of non-verbal mental functions and communicative behavior, which contributes to the fastest adaptation of the child to the conditions of the external environment. The stages of logarithmic influence are characterized, which are correlated with the stages of speech therapy correction: the development of the need for active motor activity, the timely mastery of the main types of movements, the provision of cognitive and linguistic development of children, the enrichment of ideas about surrounding objects and phenomena, the development of curiosity, the formation of sensitivity, the ability to empathize, communication. The following means of logopedic rhythms were used to achieve the corrective and developmental tasks of teaching younger preschool children with severe speech disorders: music making (vocal, instrumental), speech-motor games and exercises (respiratory and articulatory training, finger gymnastics, language games and role-playing poems), dance-rhythmic exercises (play gymnastics, game rhythms), emotional and communicative training (communicative games and exercises, relaxation exercises). The method of conducting classes on speech therapy rhythms by means of complex corrective influence is revealed. The relationship between the content of the lesson and the lexical topic, tasks of speech therapy correction in a specific age group, as well as program requirements for music and physical education is revealed. It is proposed to hold classes in three stages: preparatory, main, final. An example of a logarithmic lesson is given.
 Keywords: games; technologies; corrective and developmental work; children; younger preschool age; severe speech disorders; underdevelopment of speech; development of language communication.

Relationship between Total Communication and Social Relationship among Learners with ASDs

Autism is a lifelong developmental disability that results in triad of impairments in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction and repetitive behavior. These core deficits hinder the holistic development of learners with ASDs. Unless they are effectively addressed through strategies such as total communication, these core deficits may lead to learners not acquiring social interaction skills that are quite vital for their normal development. The purpose of the study was to establish relationship between total communication and development of social relationship skills among learners with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in Emuhaya sub-county Kenya. The population of the study comprised of six special schools with a teacher population of sixteen ten regular primary schools with special units with a teacher population of five each and three officials from the Ministry of Education. Due to small number of respondents, saturated sampling technique was used. Instruments for data collection were; semi structured questionnaires, check lists. Semi structured interview schedules, and observation schedules. Content validity was determined by presenting tools to experts in the school of education who judged their validity. Tools were refined based on their comments. Reliability of the study was established through test retest methods. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding of the study indicated that that there was relationship between Total Communication and social interaction and the use of Total Communication had influence on development of social relationships among children with ASDs. Based on this finding it is recommended that training of teachers in Total communication and preparation of IEP be intensified in schools to facilitate the development of social relationship among learners with ASDs.

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION AS EMBODIED CONSTANTS OF NONVERBAL EXPERIENCE IN A FICTIONAL TEXTS

Fiction is a valuable source of knowledge — any text can be viewed as a communicative phenomenon that verbally presents a fragment of a complete system of knowledge about the world. Nonverbal communication or nonverbal behavior the characters use is an embodied nonverbal experience the narrator presents and the reader perceives. Constants of nonverbal experience become visible as linguistic units or words denoting different kinds of characters’ motion: gestures, movements, face expressions. The notion of experience is connected with the notion of knowledge that presuppose revealing a textual meaning in terms of a scheme containing constants of nonverbal experience. The sphere of cognitive narratology makes visible the connection between nonverbal communication, nonverbal experience embodied in a multidimensional meaningful fabric of a fictional text. Cognitive narratology seeks to reproduce the connections between the narrative levels of the text and the modes of cognitive activity of the reader, turning to conceptual analysis and linguistic analysis of the text.

Enhancing Nonverbal Communication Through Virtual Human Technology: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Communication is a critical component of the patient-provider relationship; however, limited research exists on the role of nonverbal communication. Virtual human training is an informatics-based educational strategy that offers various benefits in communication skill training directed at providers. Recent informatics-based interventions aimed at improving communication have mainly focused on verbal communication, yet research is needed to better understand how virtual humans can improve verbal and nonverbal communication and further elucidate the patient-provider dyad. The purpose of this study is to enhance a conceptual model that incorporates technology to examine verbal and nonverbal components of communication and develop a nonverbal assessment that will be included in the virtual simulation for further testing. This study will consist of a multistage mixed methods design, including convergent and exploratory sequential components. A convergent mixed methods study will be conducted to examine the mediating effects of nonverbal communication. Quantitative (eg, MPathic game scores, Kinect nonverbal data, objective structured clinical examination communication score, and Roter Interaction Analysis System and Facial Action Coding System coding of video) and qualitative data (eg, video recordings of MPathic-virtual reality [VR] interventions and student reflections) will be collected simultaneously. Data will be merged to determine the most crucial components of nonverbal behavior in human-computer interaction. An exploratory sequential design will proceed, consisting of a grounded theory qualitative phase. Using theoretical, purposeful sampling, interviews will be conducted with oncology providers probing intentional nonverbal behaviors. The qualitative findings will aid the development of a nonverbal communication model that will be included in a virtual human. The subsequent quantitative strand will incorporate and validate a new automated nonverbal communication behavior assessment into the virtual human simulation, MPathic-VR, by assessing interrater reliability, code interactions, and dyadic data analysis by comparing Kinect responses (system recorded) to manually scored records for specific nonverbal behaviors. Data will be integrated using building integration to develop the automated nonverbal communication behavior assessment and conduct a quality check of these nonverbal features. Secondary data from the MPathic-VR randomized controlled trial data set (210 medical students and 840 video recordings of interactions) were analyzed in the first part of this study. Results showed differential experiences by performance in the intervention group. Following the analysis of the convergent design, participants consisting of medical providers (n=30) will be recruited for the qualitative phase of the subsequent exploratory sequential design. We plan to complete data collection by July 2023 to analyze and integrate these findings. The results from this study contribute to the improvement of patient-provider communication, both verbal and nonverbal, including the dissemination of health information and health outcomes for patients. Further, this research aims to transfer to various topical areas, including medication safety, informed consent processes, patient instructions, and treatment adherence between patients and providers. DERR1-10.2196/46601.

Reducing Health Disparities Among African American and Black Caribbean Patients by Improving the Communication Practices of Clinical Research Coordinators

ABSTRACT This manuscript focuses on the communication factors that affect the willingness of African Americans and Black Caribbean patients to participate in clinical trials and research studies. Low rates of research participation by members of communities of color have long been linked to health disparities. While there are many factors that contribute to low rates of accrual of African American and Black patients to clinical trials, a lack of attention to communication factors that enhance or inhibit the recruitment process is central to the problem. In this study, we describe results from the analysis of six focus groups (N = 31) consisting of African American (k = 3) and Black Caribbean (k = 3) participants. Our analyses focus on verbal and nonverbal communication behaviors and how they affect participants’ willingness to participate in clinical trials. Specifically, when clinical research coordinators (CRCs) had a professional appearance, made the effort to explain a study in detail, made eye contact, took the time to listen and answer questions patiently, and gave the sense that the CRC was being truthful and transparent, patients felt respected and valued. Additionally, participants emphasized the importance of the process of developing and maintaining a trusting relationship between study participants and CRCs. The results of this study will be used to develop a clinical trial communication training program designed to enhance the communication skills of clinical research coordinators who discuss research participation with African American and Caribbean Black patients.