Non-standard Abbreviations Research Articles

Performance of balloon-expandable transcatheter bioprostheses in inoperable patients with pure aortic regurgitation of a native valve: The BE-PANTHEON international project

BackgroundThe off-label utilization of transcatheter heart valve (THV) devices for the treatment of inoperable or high-surgical risk patients with pure native aortic valve regurgitation (NAVR) has demonstrated suboptimal outcomes, both with self- and balloon-expandable (BE) devices. The aim of this study is to compare the use of different BE scaffolds in treating pure NAVR. MethodsConsecutive patients with pure severe NAVR who were deemed to be at high-risk and were treated with last-generation BE-THVs among seventeen Centers in Europe and US. Technical and device success rates were the primary objectives. ResultsBetween February 2018 and July 2023, among 144 patients, 41 (28 %) received a MyVal device and 103 (72 %) were treated with a Sapien THV. Patients treated with a MyVal THV had an extra-large annulus more frequently compared to the Sapien group (49%vs.20 %, p < 0.001).Technical and device success rates were 90 % and 81 %, respectively, p > 0.1. The rate of THV migration/embolization (MyVal 4.9%vs. Sapien 11 %, p = 0.4) and second valve needed (4.9%vs.7.8 %, p = 0.7) were numerically lower in the MyVal group, whereas the rate of at least moderate paravalvular leak (15%vs.7.8 %, p = 0.2) and permanent pacemaker implantation (25%vs.18 %, p = 0.16) were numerically higher in the Myval group. ConclusionsOff-label use of BE devices for pure NAVR represents a potential alternative in high-risk patients in the absence of dedicated devices. However, BE in NAVR is associated with suboptimal outcomes. The availability of larger THV sizes may introduce transcatheter aortic valve replacement as an effective treatment for patients traditionally deemed unsuitable. Non-standard abbreviations and acronymsAR = aortic regurgitation, BE = balloon-expandable, NAVR = native aortic valve regurgitation, PM = pacemaker, TAVR = transcatheter aortic valve replacement, THV = transcatheter heart valve, TVEM = transcatheter valve embolization and migration, VARC-3 = Valve Academic Research Consortium 3.

Interpretation and Misinterpretation of Medical Abbreviations Found in Patient Medical Records: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Introduction Medical abbreviations are used in patient medical records across all departments within the hospital setting and upon discharge. Abbreviations can have more than one contradictory or ambiguous definition, which can resultin errors in communication due to misunderstanding or misinterpretation. Modern patient care is multidisciplinary, sothere should be no room for ambiguity in patient medical records. Therefore, the aim of this survey wasto assessindividual interpretations and misinterpretations of a list of medical abbreviationsfound in patient medical records, and thereby increase awareness of the growing use of non-standard abbreviations. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional survey, anonymized questionnaires containing a list of 20 abbreviations were given to a convenience sample of consultant physicians, doctors-in-training, and nurses, all of whom are involved in the day-to-dayuse of patient medical records. Volunteers were asked to define each abbreviation in full. A provided definition was either the intended definition (given a score of one) or completely different in terms of text and meaning (alternative definition). The intended definitions, alternative definitions, and number of abbreviations that were defined by at least 50% of volunteers were collated. Abbreviations that had more than 50% of volunteers providing the intended definition, were regarded as "generally accepted" abbreviations. Volunteers were assured that this was not a test of knowledge and thatquestionnaires were completely anonymized. Results In total, 46 volunteers completed questionnaires. Volunteers consisted of 15 nurses, 15 doctors-in-training, and 16 consultant physicians. The number of volunteers who provided the intended definition for eachabbreviation ranged from zero to 87%, depending on the abbreviation. Only four out of 20 abbreviations (20%) had more than 50% of volunteers providing the intended definitionand thus regarded as "generally accepted". The maximum score achieved among thevolunteers was 12 out of 20 (60%), and the minimum score achieved was 2 out of 20 (10%). The overallmean score achieved by the volunteers was 6.39 out of 20 (32%). Only one-quarter of the volunteersachieved a score above 50%. Additionally, 75% of the abbreviations had one or more (one to seven)alternative definitions. Conclusions This survey demonstrated that non-standard medical abbreviationsused in patient medical records were being misunderstood or misinterpreted. A majority of abbreviations were not recognized among user groups. Additionally, three-quarters of abbreviationshad one or more alternative definitions. Healthcare institutions should encourage the reporting of errors arising from the usage of abbreviations, and introduce initiatives to discourage the use of non-standard abbreviations in patient medical records.

Data quality of request forms for lumbar spine X-rays: A clinical audit form a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

This study aimed to assess the data quality of request forms for lumbar spine X-rays. Data quality was assessed on the aspects of completeness, accuracy, and legibility of the request forms. Out of 185 lumbar spine X-ray request forms that were analysed, 13 (7.0%) requests failed to provide the clinical history. Thirty-two (17.3%) did not provide details on the region of examination. In the 172 requests, which included a clinical history, 167 (97.1%) provided relevant clinical histories for requesting lumbar spine X-rays and five (2.9%) requests contained non-standard abbreviations. We concluded that the data quality of lumbar spine X-ray request forms needs further improvement.

Abbreviation Use Habits in Nurses’ Work

Introduction. The use of abbreviations in nursing practice is common and frequent. Abbreviations are considered a time saver but can lead to omissions in work due to misinterpretation.Aim. To collect data on the attitudes and habits of using abbreviations in nursing practice, and to determine whether there is a difference with regard to professional education, place of work and years of service. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted during September 2020. A questionnaire implemented by Koh et al. in their research was used; permission was obtained to adapt the questionnaire according to our needs. The study was conducted at three Clinics at the UHC Zagreb. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed on every clinic. The study was approved by the UHC Zagreb’s Ethics commission.Results. The use of abbreviations is common in nursing practice. Nurses most often learn abbreviations from nurses with longer work experience and regard the use of abbreviations as acceptable. Nurses with 16 or more years of service use abbreviations significantly more often in order to save time, than respondents with up to 15 years of service. Nurses with up to 15 years of service significantly more often report incorrect application of therapy as a result of misinterpretation of abbreviations compared to nurses with longer working experience.Conclusion. The study showed that abbreviations are often used in nursing practice. Standard abbreviations are most often used, although non-standard abbreviations are also increasingly present. Abbreviations are acceptable in nursing practice, although nurses must be made aware that the use of abbreviations can lead to omissions in the work. For this reason, other researchers who have studied the use of abbreviations suggest that lists of permitted abbreviations should be created at the institutional level and that they should be regularly updated.

GLDM: Geo-location prediction of twitter users with deep learning methods1

Social networks like Twitter are extremely popular and widely used, which has increased interest in studying the information posted there. One such analytical application is extracting location information of users for real-time monitoring of the objects and events of interest, such as political and social events, disease surveillance, natural calamities, and crime prevention. Identifying geographic location is a nontrivial task, as user profiles contain outdated and inaccurate location information. Furthermore, extracting geographical information from Arabic tweets is challenging since they contain many nonstandard data (dialects), complex structures, abbreviations, grammatical and spelling mistakes, etc. This study focuses on the localization of Saudi Arabian users who tweet in Arabic. This study proposes a convolutional neural network-based deep learning model to predict a Twitter user’s region-level location using user profiles, text texts, place attachments, and historical tweets. The model was evaluated empirically on a dataset of 95,739 tweets written in Arabic and produced by 4,331 users from Saudi Arabia cities. Regarding classification accuracy, the proposed CNN model outperformed machine learning classifiers such as NB, LR, and SVM with a 60% accuracy on the test set. This study is the first of its kind, aimed at localizing Saudi users based on their tweets.

Two-year results from Onyx ONE clear in patients with high bleeding risk on one-month DAPT with and without intracoronary imaging

BackgroundPatients with high bleeding risk (HBR) are often treated with abbreviated dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to reduce bleeding risk, however this strategy is associated with an increase in ischemic events, especially if the acute PCI result is suboptimal. We compared clinical outcomes among patients with HBR treated with 1-month DAPT who underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)- or optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided PCI versus those who underwent angiography-guided PCI without intravascular imaging. MethodsThe Onyx ONE Clear study includes patients with HBR from the Onyx ONE US/Japan and Onyx ONE randomized studies who were treated with the Resolute Onyx zotarolimus-eluting stent. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiac death (CD) or myocardial infarction (MI) between 1 month and 2 years after PCI. Propensity-score adjustments and matching were performed for differences in baseline and procedural characteristics between groups. ResultsAmong the 1507 patients in Onyx ONE Clear, 271 (18.0 %) had IVUS or OCT used during PCI (Imaging-guided group) and 1236 (82.0 %) underwent Angiography-guided PCI (Angio-guided group). Imaging-guided patients were less likely to present with atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, and left ventricle ejection fraction ≤35 %. Conversely, Imaging-guided patients were more likely to have complex (ACC/AHA type B2/C), longer, and heavily calcified lesions. Between 1 month and 2 years, the composite rate of CD or MI was similar between Imaging-guided and Angio-guided patients (9.9 % vs. 12.4 %, P = 0.33). There was also no difference between groups after adjustment; (P = 0.56). However, CD was significantly lower among Imaging-guided patients (2.7 % vs. 6.1 %, P = 0.048). There were no between-group differences in MI or stent thrombosis. Propensity score matching results were similar. ConclusionDespite higher lesion complexity, using intravascular imaging guidance for PCI between 1-month and 2-years follow-up had comparable outcomes with angiographic guidance alone in patients with HBR treated with 1-month DAPT. (ClinicalTrials.gov: Identifier: NCT03647475 and NCT03344653). Non-standard abbreviations and acronymsBARC: Bleeding Academic Research Consortium; DAPT: dual antiplatelet therapy; DES: drug-eluting stent; HBR: high bleeding risk; IVUS: intravascular ultrasound; OCT: optical coherence tomography; SAPT: single antiplatelet therapy.

Peran Media Sosial dalam Pemerolehan Bahasa Remaja (Studi Kasus di UPTD SMP Negeri 1 Parepare, Sulawesi Selatan)

Adolescents experience many developments that affect their language acquisition. The goal of this research is exploring the role of social media in language acquisition for 13-year-old youth at Yunior High School Negeri 1 Parepare, South Sulawesi. This study uses a descriptive method, which describes the results of the research in the form of findings regarding the words that adolescents acquire when using social media. The data for this study came from two teenagers, namely JNT (13 years) and NRH (13 years) who were students in class VII.1 who were female. The research data was obtained through three methods, namely, observation, recording online, and interviews. Researchers observed the use of social media among students and provided online questionnaires containing questions about new words obtained from social media every day. To support these data, researchers conducted interviews with the two research subjects. The results of this study indicate that social media plays a positive role in language acquisition for adolescents aged 13 years. Through social media, the two research subjects acquired 53 new words within two weeks. The words obtained can be grouped into seven parts, namely standard words which are technical (scientific) words by 26%, terms in certain fields and English (code mixing) each by 15%, slang (prokem) by 11%, classical Indonesian (which is commonly used in literature) by 8%, standard (popular) words by 6%, and others (Indonesian literary varieties, non-standard technical words, Javanese, Latin, Sanskrit, abbreviations , and poetic language) by 19%. The results of this study are very appropriate for teachers to use digital-based learning media in learning Indonesian, especially material related to vocabulary.&#x0D;

Authors and Editors Must Consider Appropriate Use of Acronyms and Initialisms, or Text Will Be DOA (Dead on Arrival).

As an author, it is essential to craft text that is TTP (To The Point). To that end, I have uncritically employed acronyms and initialisms.As an editor, it is essential to assure that readers comprehend text. To that end, I implore avoidance of acronyms and initialisms especially when they are unknown to or may mislead readers.Anesthesiology offers guidance for the use of acronyms and initialisms. “Do not use any nonstandard abbreviations…Refer to the List of Standard Abbreviations.”1How can authors and editors BOLO (Be On the Lookout) for acronyms and initialisms?Understanding the origins and implementation of AIDA (Acronyms, Initialisms and Abbreviations Dictionary) will assist authors and editors in effective and appropriate UTIL (utilization) of these shortcuts. The Hektoen Institute of Medicine (https://www.hektoen.org/) publishes Hektoen International, A Journal of Medical Humanities (https://hekint.org/at-a-glance/). Its purpose is to bring, “…culture into medicine…exposing healthcare professionals to art, ethics, literature, history, anthropology, literature, philosophy, religion, and sociology.”2 An informative issue offers a concise SMRY (Summary) of concerns when considering the use of acronyms and initialisms.3 To paraphrase the New England Journal of Medicine,4 “Authors should realize that their mission is to reach a large readership by a clear and simple presentation of their investigative result or educational message, and anything that hinders communication (e.g., ambiguous symbols and abbreviations that defy comprehension of ideas) defeats the purpose for which a medical article has been written.”Support was provided solely from institutional and/or departmental sources.The author declares no competing interests.

Analysis of urinalysis laboratory report forms in medicallaboratories

&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;/b&gt; Urinalysis is one of the most frequently performed laboratory tests. An importantfeature of urinalysis standardization is unifying laboratory report forms to enable the analysisof the results obtained in different laboratories and/or at different times.&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aim:&lt;/b&gt; The aim of the study was to analyze the urinalysis laboratory report forms in medicallaboratories and to compare them with the Polish Society of Laboratory Diagnostics (PTDL)urinalysis guidelines published in 2019 (Bil-Lula et al. Diagn Lab 2019; 55: 145198).&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/b&gt; In total, 52 urinalysis laboratory reports were analyzed. The majority(85%) included dipstick and urine particle analyses. The reports were obtained from 26laboratories from 8 voivodeships in Poland. The highest percentages of laboratories werefrom Pomeranian Voivodeship (35%) and from large cities with more than 100.000 inhabitants(58%).&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The reports showed high variability in the names of the parameters, the referenceranges used, and the manner of expressing the patients results. For dipstick erythrocytes,eight different expressions were used including erythrocytes, blood, red blood cells, blood(free hemoglobin). For specific gravity, eleven different reference ranges were used, and formost parameters, a significant percentage of the laboratory report forms (up to 70% for colorand clarity) had no reference ranges. There was also no consistency in the presentation of thepatients results in relation to the reference ranges. In some reports, colloquial expressions,such as sugar, transparency, nonstandard abbreviations, such as Ery/Hb, poj, andtypographical errors were present.&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Urinalysis reports in laboratories are not standardized, thus, it is advisable toimplement corrective actions aimed at standardizing the presentation of data. The PTDLguidelines published in 2019 can help in this regard.&lt;/br&gt;

Efektifitas alat penyaringan arang aktif batok kelapa untuk mengurangi kadar merkuri pada air Limbah Buangan Gelondong Emas di Desa Padesa Kecamatan Lantung

A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length 200 words). The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results, and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. References should, therefore, be avoided, but if essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list. Non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.

Be Positive! International Stroke Conference Oral Presentations ‐ 2015 to 2020

Be Positive! International Stroke Conference Oral Presentations ‐ 2015 to 2020

Impact of frailty on 30-day death, stroke, or myocardial infarction in severe carotid stenosis: Endarterectomy versus stenting

ObjectiveCarotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) are used for stroke prevention in patients with carotid stenosis. It remains unclear which surgical approach produces the best outcomes for elderly and frail patients. We investigated the impact of age and frailty on 30-day combined outcomes of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) in patients who received CEA or CAS for severe symptomatic carotid stenosis. MethodsA retrospective analysis of the NSQIP database identified patients with severe carotid stenosis who received either CEA or CAS between 2015 and 2020 for study inclusion. Frailty was measured by the Modified Frailty Index 5-item (mFI-5), which stratified patients as non-frail (score=0), pre-frail (=1), frail (=2), or severely frail (=3). Age was subdivided into 65 years or younger, 66–84 years, and 85 years or older. The primary outcome was 30-day combined rates of death, stroke, and MI, as analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex, body mass index, smoking status, anesthetic type, and contralateral carotid stenosis. ResultsA total of 18,074 patients were included in analyses, of which 14,428 received CEA (80 %) and 3646 received CAS (20 %). Mean age was 70.8 and 70.5 years for CEA and CAS, respectively. The rate of combined outcome of death, stroke or MI at 30 days was significantly higher in CEA (3.3 %) than CAS (1.3 %) (χ2 =41.90, p < 0.001). Increasing frailty was associated with higher rates of the primary outcome in CEA patients (χ2 =30.26, p < 0.001) but not CAS (χ2 =6.95, p = 0.07). A 6-component risk score was constructed for the combined outcomes in CEA, which predicted adverse events with 80.7 % accuracy. ConclusionsAge and frailty have a significant impact on the risk of death, stroke, and MI at 30 days in patients with severe, symptomatic carotid stenosis who receive CEA, but not CAS. Non-standard Abbreviations and AcronymsBody mass index (BMI), carotid artery stenting (CAS), carotid endarterectomy (CEA), current procedural technology (CPT), myocardial infarction (MI), modified Frailty Index 5-item (mFI-5), American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP).

Hospital Cost for Transferred Patients With Large Vessel Occlusions Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy

Hospital Cost for Transferred Patients With Large Vessel Occlusions Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy

ANALYSIS OF PARENTS' SOCIAL ECONOMIC STATUS TOWARDS CARIES STATUS IN CHILDREN

A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length 200 words). The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results, and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. References should therefore be avoided, but if essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list. Non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. Abstract in italics, spacing 1, size 11, Font Book Antiqua also includes keywords. The number of words for the abstract is min. 150-200 words, which contain the problem, objectives, methods, and results. Keywords are a minimum of 3 (three) and a maximum of 5 (five) words that reflect the content of the manuscript. Please avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Separate each keyword with a ";" on every word. Be frugal with abbreviations: only abbreviations that are familiar in the field are eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Factors Affecting Clinical Coding Errors

Background: Coding errors lead to incorrect classification of diseases and thus severely affect health care planning and epidemiological research. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting clinical coding errors. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 2020 in 2 stages. In the first stage, a questionnaire was developed by examining relevant resources, documents, and articles. The questionnaire’s validity was examined by 5 health information management experts. Its reliability was determined using Cronbach α and correlation coefficient (r = 0.84%). In the second stage, the data were collected by visiting teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, examining the medical records, and interviewing the coders. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Non-observance of diagnostic principles by physicians, illegibility of medical records, use of ambiguous and nonstandard abbreviations, and incomplete medical documentation were the most important causes of coding errors. Conclusions: Considering the importance of coding in presenting correct data as a powerful lever in health care, knowledge of the factors affecting the occurrence of coding errors will greatly contribute to the selection of effective strategies to reduce and eliminate errors.

Analysis of antimicrobial and psychotropic prescriptions in the central medication unit of the city of Guaramirim (Santa Catarina State - Brazil) / Análise de prescrições de antimicrobianos e psicotrópicos na unidade central de medicamentos da cidade de Guaramirim (Estado de Santa Catarina - Brasil)

The doctor’s prescription defines the patient’s treatment. In order to use medicine within maximum efficacy and minimum toxicity parameters, the prescription must be properly filled and readable. Although specific laws are applied to guide prescription elaboration, errors persist, and depending on its nature, they may cause from lack of efficacy to adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of prescriptions for psychotropic and antimicrobial drugs dispensed by the central pharmacy of the city of Guaramirim, Santa Catarina state, from February 1 to April 30, 2019. A total of 3,780 prescriptions were analyzed, 3,388 of psychotropic drugs and 392 of antimicrobials. The most frequent errors found were omission of telephone number, and address of patients and physicians. Regarding the drugs prescribed, it was observed lack of information on dose, route, and quantity of the drugs, and also the frequent presence of non-standard abbreviations. Most prescriptions were readable, but despite typed prescriptions may solve illegibility issues, which did not reach homogeneously data omission, and it is essential that pharmacists position themselves so as not to dispense wrong prescriptions and that patients demand greater clarification of the prescription at the time of consultation.

Toward CRISPR Therapies for Cardiomyopathies.

Toward CRISPR Therapies for Cardiomyopathies.

Challenges, Solutions, and Workflows Developed for the Taxonomic Backbone of the World Flora Online.

The World Flora Online (WFO) is the collaborative, international initiative to achieve Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC): "An online flora of all known plants." WFO provides an open-access, web-based compendium of the world’s plant species, which builds upon existing knowledge and published floras, checklists and revisions but will also require the collection and generation of new information on poorly known groups and unexplored regions (Borsch et al. 2020). The construction of the WFO Taxonomic Backbone is central to the entire WFO as it determines the accessibility of additional content data and at the same time, represents a taxonomic opinion on the circumscription of those taxa. The Plant List v.1.1 (TPL 2013) was the starting point for the backbone, as this was the most comprehensive resource covering all plants available. We have since curated the higher taxonomy of the backbone, based on the following published community-derived classifications: the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG IV 2016), the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG I 2016), Bryophytes (Buck et al. 2008), and Hornworts &amp;amp; Liverworts (Söderström et al. 2016). The WFO presents a community-supported consensus classification with the aim of being the authoritative global source of information on the world's plant diversity. The backbone is actively curated by our Taxonomic Expert Networks (TEN), consisting of specialists of taxonomic groups, ideally at the Family or Order level. There are currently 37 approved TENs, involving more than 280 specialists, working with the WFO. There are small TENs like the Begonia Resource Center and the Meconopsis Group (with five specialists), medium TENs like Ericaceae and Zingiberaceae Resource Centers or SolanaceaSource.org (around 15 experts), and larger TENs like Caryophyllales.org and the Legume Phylogeny Working Group, with more than 80 specialists involved. When we do not have taxonomic oversight, the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP 2019) has been used to update those families from the TPL 2013 classification. Full credit and acknowledgement given to the original sources is a key requirement of this collaborative project, allowing users to refer to the primary data. For example, an association with the original content is kept through the local identifiers used by the taxonomic content providers as a link to their own resources. A key requirement for the WFO Taxonomic Backbone is that every name should have a globally unique identifier that is maintained, ideally forever. After considering several options, the WFO Technology Working Group recommended that the WFO Council establish a WFO Identifier (WFO-ID), a 10-digit number with a “wfo-” prefix, aimed at establishing a resolvable identifier for all existing plant names, which will not only be used in the context of WFO but can be universally used to reference plant names. Management of the WFO Taxonomic Backbone has been a challenge as TPL v1.1 was derived from multiple taxonomic datasets, which led to duplication of records. For that reason, names can be excluded from the public portal by the WFO Taxonomic Working Group or the TENs, but not deleted. A WFO-ID is not deleted nor reused after it has been excluded from the WFO Taxonomic Backbone. Keeping these allows for better matching when assigning WFO-IDs to data derived from content providers. Nevertheless, this implies certain considerations for new names and duplications. New names are added to the WFO Taxonomic Backbone via nomenclators like the International Plants Name Index (IPNI, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew et al. 2021) for Angiosperms, and Tropicos (Missouri Botanical Garden 2021) for Bryophytes, as well as harvesting endemic and infraspecific names from Flora providers when providing descriptive content. New names are passed to the TEN to make a judgement on their taxonomic status. When TENs provide a new authoritative taxonomic list for their group, we first produce a Name Matching report to ensure no names are missed. Several issues come from managing and maintaining taxonomic lists, but the process of curating an ever-growing integrated resource leads to an increase in the challenges we face with homonyms, non-standard author abbreviations, orthographic variants and duplicate names when Name Matching. The eMonocot database application, provided by Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, (Santarsiero et al. 2013) and subsequently adapted by the Missouri Botanical Garden to provide the underlying functionality for WFO's current toolset, has also proven itself to be a challenging component to update. In this presentation, we will share our hands-on experience, technical solutions and workflows creating and maintaining the WFO Taxonomic Backbone.

A Comparative Study of Extubation in Prone and Supine Position in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery in Prone Position

Aim: In case of surgeries done in prone position, patients are rolled to supine during extubation which is associated with loss of monitoring and hemodynamic change. Also, incidence of coughing and bucking are noted. Several studies have shown that prone position extubation is associated with reduced frequency of coughing and monitor disconnection in prone position surgeries. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of patients extubated in prone and supine posted for lumbar spine surgery.&#x0D; Study Design: 60 patients varying from age 18 - 65 years and posted for lumbar spine surgery under general anaesthesia in prone position were randomly allocated to any one of the two groups Group P - In this group extubation was done in prone position at the end of surgery or Group S – In this group extubation was done in supine position at the end of surgery.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, DMIMS (DU), Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (M), Wardha over the period of 1 year (2019 - 2020).&#x0D; Methods: A double blinded randomized controlled comparative study was conducted on 60 patients with primary objective to measure incidence of coughing and severity of coughing in prone vs supine extubation. Patients were anesthetized with fentanyl, nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, and vecuronium. Neuromuscular blockade was reversed in prone position and all patients had spontaneous ventilation at the conclusion of surgery. At time 0, patients were randomly divided into group P or group S. Patients in the group S were then rolled over, while those in the prone position remained undisturbed. Frequency of cough, monitor disconnection and changes in heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were noted during extubation. Patient were extubated on purposeful behaviour and eye opening.&#x0D; Results: Frequency of coughing was significantly less in prone patients in comparison to supine group (6 vs. 24 coughs) monitor disconnections dysconnectivity was also fewer (p &lt; 0.001), little change in haemodynamics was noted during extubation. Time to extubation from time 0 was comparatively more in Group S. Airway rescue was not needed.&#x0D; Conclusions: Extubation in prone position is associated with lesser frequency of coughing, disruption of monitors and significantly less hemodynamic changes as compared to supine position extubation he abstract should be concise and informative. It should not exceed 300 words in length. It should briefly describe the purpose of the work, techniques and methods used, major findings with important data and conclusions. Different sub-sections, as given below, should be used. No references should be cited in this part. Generally non-standard abbreviations should not be used, if necessary they should be clearly defined in the abstract, at first use.

Natural Language Mapping of Electrocardiogram Interpretations to a Standardized Ontology.

Interpretations of the electrocardiogram (ECG) are often prepared using software outside the electronic health record (EHR) and imported via an interface as a narrative note. Thus, natural language processing is required to create a computable representation of the findings. Challenges include misspellings, nonstandard abbreviations, jargon, and equivocation in diagnostic interpretations. Our objective was to develop an algorithm to reliably and efficiently extract such information and map it to the standardized ECG ontology developed jointly by the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology Foundation, and the Heart Rhythm Society. The algorithm was to be designed to be easily modifiable for use with EHRs and ECG reporting systems other than the ones studied. An algorithm using natural language processing techniques was developed in structured query language to extract and map quantitative and diagnostic information from ECG narrative reports to the cardiology societies' standardized ECG ontology. The algorithm was developed using a training dataset of 43,861 ECG reports and applied to a test dataset of 46,873 reports. Accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1-measure were all 100% in the test dataset for the extraction of quantitative data (e.g., PR and QTc interval, atrial and ventricular heart rate). Performances for matches in each diagnostic category in the standardized ECG ontology were all above 99% in the test dataset. The processing speed was approximately 20,000 reports per minute. We externally validated the algorithm from another institution that used a different ECG reporting system and found similar performance. The developed algorithm had high performance for creating a computable representation of ECG interpretations. Software and lookup tables are provided that can easily be modified for local customization and for use with other EHR and ECG reporting systems. This algorithm has utility for research and in clinical decision-support where incorporation of ECG findings is desired.