Non-invasive Method Research Articles

МАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ СТЕАТОЗА ПРИ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИ-АССОЦИИРОВАННОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПЕЧЕНИ У ПОДРОСТКОВ

Incidence of overweight and obesity is increasing among the child population Worldwide. The prevalence of fatty liver disease is increasing as well. The transition to the new term “metabolically associated fatty liver disease” (MAFLD) implies the identification of hepatic steatosis and its quantitative assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significant advantages for assessing hepatic steatosis, but is rarely used in pediatric practitioners’ routine. The purpose of this research was to improve the quality of MAFLD diagnosis in adolescents with obesity by identifying steatosis and liver fibrosis using MRI. Materials and methods used: 30 adolescents aged 12 to 17 y/o, 17 (56.7%) boys/13 (43.3%) girls, with obesity and diagnosed MAFLD were examined (MRI of the liver was performed with Philips Ingenia 1.5T). Results: hepatic steatosis was detected in 22 (73.3%). The percentage of liver fatty fraction was determined from 0.5% to 76%, the median was 25.50% [6.38; 38.75]. In accordance with the classification of steatosis by degree, S1 was determined in 12 (40.0%), S2 in 8 (26.7%) and S3 in 2 (7%). In 8 (26.7%) there was no steatosis (“S0”). Pancreatic steatosis was detected in 2 (6.7%). Liver steatosis was detected in the 1st degree obesity in 62.5%, in 83.3% in the 2nd degree, in 71.4% in the 3rd degree and in 77.8% in the 4th degree. All the three degrees of liver steatosis were diagnosed with a predominance of the 1st, which was determined in 40.0%, S2 in 26.7% and S3 in 7%. Conclusion: in obesity in adolescents with MAFLD and/or steatohepatitis, MRI reveals liver steatosis in 73.3% of patients. There was no difference (p=0.252) in the incidence of degrees of liver steatosis detected by MRI among different degrees of obesity. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were detected regardless of the presence and degree of liver steatosis. Since MRI is a non-invasive and informative method for examining children with MAFLD, it does allow rather more accurate assessment of the adipose tissue presence in the liver compared to a ‘routine’ ultrasound.

Automated system utilizing non-invasive technique mammograms for breast cancer detection

In order to increase the likelihood of obtaining treatment and achieving a complete recovery, early illness identification and diagnosis are crucial. Artificial intelligence is helpful with this process by allowing us to rapidly start the necessary protocol for treatment in the early stages of disease development. Artificial intelligence is a major contributor to the improvement of medical treatment for patients. In order to prevent and foresee this problem on the individual, family, and generational levels, Monitoring the patient's therapy and recovery is crucial. This study's objective is to outline a non-invasive method for using mammograms to detect breast abnormalities, classify breast disorders, and identify cancerous or benign tumor tissue in the breast. We used classification models on a dataset that has been pre-processed so that the number of samples is balanced, unlike previous work on the same dataset. Identifying cancerous or benign breast tissue requires the use of supervised learning techniques and algorithms, such as random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT) classifiers, to examine up to thirty features, such as breast size, mass, diameter, circumference, and the nature of the tumor (solid or cystic). To ascertain if the tissue is malignant or benign, the examination's findings are employed. These features are mostly what determines how effectively anything may be categorized. The DT classifier was able to get a score of 95.32%, while the RF satisfied a far higher 98.83 percent.

Understanding the physiological transmission mechanisms of photoplethysmography signals: a comprehensive review.

The widespread adoption of Photoplethysmography (PPG) as a non-invasive method for detecting blood volume variations and deriving vital physiological parameters reflecting health status has surged, primarily due to its accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and non-intrusive nature. This has led to extensive research around this technique in both daily life and clinical applications. Interestingly, despite the existence of contradictory explanations of the underlying mechanism of PPG signals across various applications, a systematic investigation into this crucial matter has not been conducted thus far. This gap in understanding hinders the full exploitation of PPG technology and undermines its accuracy and reliability in numerous applications. Building upon a comprehensive review of the fundamental principles and technological advancements in PPG, this paper initially attributes the origin of PPG signals to a combination of physical and physiological transmission processes. Furthermore, three distinct models outlining the concerned physiological transmission processes are synthesized, with each model undergoing critical examination based on theoretical underpinnings, empirical evidence, and constraints. The ultimate objective is to form a fundamental framework for a better understanding of physiological transmission processes in PPG signal generation and to facilitate the development of more reliable technologies for detecting physiological signals.&#xD.

Correlation of noninvasive imaging of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes with survival and BCG immunotherapy response in patients with bladder cancer：a multicentre cohort study

Background: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are strongly correlated with the prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer. The TIL status is typically assessed through microscopy as part of tissue pathology. Here, we developed Rad-TIL model, a novel radiomics model, to predict TIL status in patients with bladder cancer. Material and Methods: We enrolled 1089 patients with bladder cancer and developed the Rad-TIL model by using a machine-learning method based on computed tomography (CT) images. We applied a radiogenomics cohort to reveal the key pathways underlying the Rad-TIL model. Finally, we used an independent treatment cohort to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the Rad-TIL model for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy. Results: We developed the Rad-TIL model by integrating tumoral and peritumoral features on CT images and obtained areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.844 and 0.816 in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the predicted radiomics score of TILs (RSTIL). RSTIL exhibited prognostic significance for both overall and cancer-specific survival in each cohort (hazard ratios: 2.27 to 3.15, all P<0.05). Radiogenomics analysis revealed a significant association of RSTIL with immunoregulatory pathways and immune checkpoint molecules (all P<0.05). Notably, BCG immunotherapy response rates were significantly higher in high-RSTIL patients than in low-RSTIL patients (P=0.007). Conclusion: The Rad-TIL model, a noninvasive method for assessing TIL status, can predict clinical outcomes and BCG immunotherapy response in patients with bladder cancer.

Modeling the stress and forces on multi-channel TMS coil arrays in high-field MRI scanners.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for stimulating the cortex. Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can show changes in TMS-induced activity in the whole brain, with the potential to inform brain function research and to guide the development of TMS therapy. However, the interaction of the strong current pulses in the TMS coil in the static main magnetic field of the MRI produces high Lorentz forces, which may damage the coil enclosure and compromise the patient's safety. We studied the time-dependent mechanical behavior and durability of two multi-locus TMS coil arrays inside a high-field MRI bore with finite element modeling. In addition, coil arrays were built and tested based on the simulation results. We found that the current pulses produce shock waves and time-dependent stress distribution in the coil plates. The intensity and location of the maximum stress depend on the current waveform, the coil combination, and the transducer orientation relative to the MRI magnetic field. We found that 30% glass-fiber-filled polyamide is the most durable material out of the six options studied. In addition, novel insights for more durable TMS coil designs were obtained. Our study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the structural failure of mTMS coil arrays during stimulation within high static magnetic fields. This knowledge is essential for developing mechanically stable and safe mTMS-MRI transducers.

Non-invasive hemoglobin measurement using optical method

The measurement of Hemoglobin (Hb) by the non-invasive method is gaining popularity. The system, consisting of a photodiode is placed in between a Red (630 nm) and an IR (940 nm) LED, along with the signal conditioning circuits. 10 healthy male (8) and female (2) volunteers in the age group between 21 and 24 were recruited for this study. During measurement, the fingertip of a volunteer was placed on the measurement pad. Visible and IR lights are switched ON one after the other. The optical absorbance of the blood component in the arteries was detected by the photodiode using the reflectance method. The current generated was converted into voltage and was processed to remove the noise associated with the signal. From this, the concentration of Hb of the volunteers was determined. On the same day they were taken to the clinical laboratory and Hb values were obtained by the standard invasive method. Hemoglobin values obtained from the two methods were compared and an accuracy of 96.31 % and correlation coefficient value of 0.932405 was achieved. From the Bland -Altman plot, the results obtained are within the confidence interval of 95 %. The error of 3 % can be reduced further by employing sophisticated signal conditioning techniques. The proposed non-invasive method took only a few seconds to find the hemoglobin concentration than the invasive lab test. This method can accelerate the decision-making process in emergency situations.

Electromagnetic Signal Analysis for Electrical Fault Diagnosis in Synchronous Generators

This study investigates the enhancement of fault diagnostics in synchronous generators by incorporating electromagnetic signal analysis with conventional diagnostic methodologies. The critical role of synchronous generators in maintaining power system stability and efficiency in industrial and power plant environments is underscored. Finite element modeling (FEM) is employed to simulate various fault conditions, such as stator and rotor winding faults. This study proposes a method that integrates stator current and stray magnetic flux analysis to identify five distinct types of short-circuit faults in stator and rotor windings, thereby enhancing the diagnostic capabilities for electrical faults in synchronous generators. This approach successfully identifies these electrical faults using non-invasive methods, offering a cost-effective solution that enhances fault detection. These findings are based on simulation results and serve as a preliminary stage for further validation through experimental studies. This integration is crucial for the development of efficient diagnostic systems that are capable of adapting to complex fault patterns, reducing human intervention, and streamlining maintenance operations, thus improving the reliability of synchronous generators globally.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: A Real-Time, Noninvasive, Radiation-Free Method for Intraoperative Male Urethral Fistula Assessment.

To evaluate the feasibility of intraoperative transurethral contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the assessment of male urethral fistulas. Patients in a prospective database who underwent intraoperative two-dimensional ultrasound, transurethral saline-enhanced ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound between January 2017 and July 2022 were included. All patients were clinically diagnosed with urethral fistulae (UF) in the outpatient setting based on clinical presentations, traditional two-dimensional ultrasound, and/or other imaging modalities and confirmed during surgical repair. Dynamic videos of the scans were independently analyzed by two experienced ultrasonologists. Thirty-nine patients with an average age of 51 years were included. The UF were located in the anterior urethra in 22 (56.4%) patients and in the bulbar urethra in 14 (63.6%) patients. UF were located in the posterior urethra in 17 (436%) patients and in the prostatic urethra in 13 (76.5%) patients. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography revealed UF in all patients. In patients with anterior UF, saline-enhanced ultrasound images did not show a UF in 15 (68.2%, 15/22) patients, 13 (86.7%, 13/15) of whom had fistulae with diameters <3 mm. Saline-enhanced ultrasound images did not reveal posterior UF in 13 (76.5%, 13/17) patients. The fistula diameters in eight (61.5%, 8/13) patients were <3 mm. The duration for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was approximately 3 minutes. The duration for surgical repair was approximately 2 hours. Transurethral contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a real-time, noninvasive, and radiation-free method that allows intraoperative imaging and accurate assessment of male UF. Its sensitivity is higher than that of both two-dimensional ultrasound and transurethral saline-enhanced ultrasound. The location, size, and course of the fistulae can be clearly seen due to greater contrast during contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Validation of conductivity tensor imaging against diffusion tensor magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (DT-MREIT) and electrodeless conductivity tensor imaging (CTI) are two emerging modalities that can quantify low-frequency tissue anisotropic conductivity properties by assuming similar properties underlie ionic mobility and water diffusion. While both methods have potential applications to estimating neuro-modulation fields or formulating forward models used for electrical source imaging, a direct comparison of the two modalities has not yet been performed in-vitro or in-vivo. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the equivalence of these two modalities. We scanned a tissue phantom and the head of human subject using DT-MREIT and CTI protocols and reconstructed conductivity tensor and effective low frequency conductivities. We found both gray and white matter conductivities recovered by each technique were equivalent within 0.05 S/m. Both DT-MREIT and CTI require multiple processing steps, and we further assess the effects of each factor on reconstructions and evaluate the extent to which different measurement mechanisms potentially cause discrepancies between the two methods. Finally, we discuss the implications for spectral models of measuring conductivity using these techniques. The study further establishes the credibility of CTI as an electrodeless non-invasive method of measuring low frequency conductivity properties.

A preliminary study exploring the effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on spinal excitability and phantom limb pain in people with a transtibial amputation.

Phantom limb pain (PLP) is debilitating and affects over 70% of people with lower-limb amputation. Other neuropathic pain conditions correspond with increased spinal excitability, which can be measured using reflexes and F-waves. Spinal cord neuromodulation can be used to reduce neuropathic pain in a variety of conditions and may affect spinal excitability, but has not been extensively used for treating phantom limb pain. Here, we propose using a non-invasive neuromodulation method, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS), to reduce PLP and modulate spinal excitability after transtibial amputation.&#xD;Approach: We recruited three participants, two males (5- and 9-years post-amputation, traumatic and alcohol-induced neuropathy) and one female (3 months post-amputation, diabetic neuropathy) for this 5-day study. We measured pain using the McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale (VAS), and pain pressure threshold test. We measured spinal reflex and motoneuron excitability using posterior root-muscle (PRM) reflexes and F-waves, respectively. We delivered tSCS for 30 minutes/day for 5 days. &#xD;Main Results: After 5 days of tSCS, McGill Pain Questionnaire scores decreased by clinically-meaningful amounts for all participants from 34.0±7.0 to 18.3±6.8; however, there were no clinically-significant decreases in VAS scores. Two participants had increased pain pressure thresholds across the residual limb (Day 1: 5.4±1.6 lbf; Day 5: 11.4±1.0 lbf). F-waves had normal latencies but small amplitudes. PRM reflexes had high thresholds (59.5±6.1 µC) and low amplitudes, suggesting that in PLP, the spinal cord is hypoexcitable. After 5 days of tSCS, reflex thresholds decreased significantly (38.6±12.2 µC; p<0.001).&#xD;Significance: These preliminary results in this non-placebo-controlled study suggest that, overall, limb amputation and PLP may be associated with reduced spinal excitability and tSCS can increase spinal excitability and reduce PLP.

Urinary D-amino acid profiles in cats with chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent in domestic cats. This study aimed to compare urinary D-amino acid levels between control and CKD-afflicted cats as a novel noninvasive method for assessing CKD. Cats were divided into control and CKD stage II groups in accordance with the International Renal Interest Society guidelines. The urinary DL-amino acid levels of the cats were analyzed using chiral tandem liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and their medical records were investigated. The CKD group had considerably lower urinary D-amino acid concentrations and enantiomeric ratios than the control group. The total urinary D-amino acid contents significantly correlated with blood parameters (creatinine and urea nitrogen). These findings may contribute towards the detection of CKD stage II in domestic cats.

High-Performance Metabolic Profiling of High-Risk Thyroid Nodules by ZrMOF Hybrids.

Thyroid nodules (TNs) have emerged as the most prevalent endocrine disorder in China. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) remains the standard diagnostic method for assessing TN malignancy, although a majority of FNA results indicate benign conditions. Balancing diagnostic accuracy while mitigating overdiagnosis in patients with benign nodules poses a significant clinical challenge. Precise, noninvasive, and high-throughput screening methods for high-risk TN diagnosis are highly desired but remain less explored. Developing such approaches can improve the accuracy of noninvasive methods like ultrasound imaging and reduce overdiagnosis of benign nodule patients caused by invasive procedures. Herein, we investigate the application of gold-doped zirconium-based metal-organic framework (ZrMOF/Au) nanostructures for metabolic profiling of thyroid diseases. This approach enables the efficient extraction of urine metabolite fingerprints with high throughput, low background noise, and reproducibility. Utilizing partial least-squares discriminant analysis and four machine learning models, including neural network (NN), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM), we achieved an enhanced diagnostic accuracy (98.6%) for discriminating thyroid cancer (TC) from low-risk TNs by using a diagnostic panel. Through the analysis of metabolic differences, potential pathway changes between benign nodule and malignancy are identified. This work explores the potential of rapid thyroid disease screening using the ZrMOF/Au-assisted LDI-MS platform, providing a potential method for noninvasive screening of thyroid malignant tumors. Integrating this approach with imaging technologies such as ultrasound can enhance the reliability of noninvasive diagnostic methods for malignant tumor screening, helping to prevent unnecessary invasive procedures and reducing the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in patients with benign nodules.

12-months + 1: Adverse events and ocular surface evaluation with invasive and non-invasive method in orthokeratology (OK) wearers

12-months + 1: Adverse events and ocular surface evaluation with invasive and non-invasive method in orthokeratology (OK) wearers

Aptamer-enabled electrochemical bioplatform utilizing surface-modified g-C3N4/MoS2/PANI nanocomposite for detection of CA125 biomarker

Detecting ovarian cancer at an early stage is crucial for enhancing patient outcomes, underscoring the demand for an efficient and non-invasive detection method. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a vital biomarker in ovarian cancer detection, and there is a pressing demand to develop a quick, sensitive, and simple detection method. Nanobiosensors are increasingly being used by scientists due to their high selectivity and sensitivity, allowing for the swift and precise detection of a wide range of biomarkers. This study aimed to design and fabricate an electrochemical nanobiosensor that could accurately and selectively detect CA125. The nanobiosensor employed graphitic carbon nitrides, molybdenum disulfide, and polyaniline (g-C3N4/MoS2/PANI) to stabilize aptamer strands on a modified glassy carbon electrode. The aptasensor was used to perform electrochemical detection of labeled CA125, utilizing methylene blue and label-free ferrocyanide methods. Ferrocyanide and methylene blue detection limits were determined to be 0.196 U.mL−1 for ferrocyanide and 0.196 U.mL−1 for methylene blue, with a linear detection range of 2–10 U.mL−1 for linear detection. The study results showed that the modified electrode exhibited high selectivity towards CA125 and superior stability compared to other biomolecules. The electrochemical aptasensor also displayed impressive performance when analyzing the serum of patients and healthy people. These findings hold significant promise for future investigation in ovarian cancer diagnosis. This novel electrochemical nanobiosensor may aid in the early detection and management of ovarian cancer, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.

Helicobacter pylori: A concise review of the latest treatments against an old foe.

Helicobacter pylori is a significant public health concern given its high prevalence, growing rates of antibiotic resistance, and carcinogenic effect, all of which create management challenges for internists, gastroenterologists, and other specialty physicians. With almost half of the world's human population harboring H pylori, carcinogenic sequelae are a concern to many practitioners. Recent guidelines recommend testing high-risk populations for H pylori using noninvasive or invasive methods. H pylori eradication regimens are tailored based on the presence of effective empiric therapy (local cure rates ≥ 90% for a given regimen) or antimicrobial susceptibility testing. When empiric therapy cure rates are not optimal, guidelines recommend antimicrobial susceptibility testing to improve eradication rates and reduce the progression of antibiotic resistance.

Future of invasive and non-invasive hemodynamic assessment for coronary artery disease management.

Coronary artery disease represents a global health challenge. Accurate diagnosis and evaluation of hemodynamic parameters are crucial for optimizing patient management and outcomes. Nowadays a wide range of both non-invasive and invasive methods are available to assess the hemodynamic impact of both epicardial coronary stenosis and vasomotor disorders. In fact, over the years, important developments have reshaped the nature of both invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniques, and the future holds promises for further innovation and integration. Non-invasive techniques have progressively evolved and currently a broad spectrum of methods are available, from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with pharmacological stress and coronary computed tomography (CT) to the newer application of FFR-CT and perfusion CT. Invasive methods, on the contrary, have developed to a full-physiology approach, able not only to identify functionally significant lesions but also to evaluate microcirculation and vasospastic disease. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state-of-the-art of invasive and non-invasive hemodynamic assessment for CAD management.

Effect of Ultrasound on Thrombus debris during Sonothrombolysis in a Microfluidic device.

Microbubble-mediated sonothrombolysis has been proven to be a non-invasive and efficient method for thrombolysis. Nevertheless, there is a potential risk that the thrombus debris generated during the dissolution of the original thrombus are too large and can lead to hazardous emboli. Using a sonothrombolysis microfluidic platform, we investigated the effects of ultrasound power, thrombolytic agent and microbubble concentration on the size of thrombus debris with the example of microbubble-mediated sonothrombolysis of arterial thrombus. Additionally, we studied the effects of ultrasound power on the size and shape of thrombus debris produced by acute and chronic arterial sonothrombolysis. In acute arterial sonothrombolysis, ultrasound power has significant effect on the size of thrombus debris and steadily increases with the increase of ultrasound power. Conversely, in chronic arterial sonothrombolysis, the size of thrombus debris is minimally affected by ultrasound power. Using the sonothrombolysis microfluidic platform, the relationship between ultrasound power and the safety of sonothrombolysis has been illustrated, and the sonothrombolysis microfluidic platform is demonstrated to be a promising tool for further studies on the process of sonothrombolysis.

Contrastive Disentanglement for Quantitative Ultrasound Muscle Atrophy Evaluation.

Muscleatrophy reduces the quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality from other diseases. The development of non-invasive muscle atrophy evaluation method is of great practical value. The lack of gold standard for pathological grading usually allows only the duration of weightlessness as a criterion for the degree of atrophy. However, the adaptive reductive remodeling of muscle physiology and structure shows a trend of nonlinear changes in time. Consequently, using weightlessness time as a benchmark for the degree of atrophy is inaccurate. This paper proposes a new ultrasound imaging-based method for quantifying muscle atrophy that utilizes weakly supervised information between multiple data partitions with controlled variance components, overcoming the limitations of using the weightlessness time as a criterion. We introduce a group-supervised contrastive disentanglement network (GCDNet) to disentangle the individual variances, muscle growth and atrophy components of ultrasound images, and quantify the degree of atrophy using the disentangled atrophy component. The feasibility of GCDNet is validated by the separability, independence, and representativeness of the disentangled components. To simplify the application of GCDNet, a muscle atrophy scoring network requiring no reference images is developed by distilling the GCDNet's knowledge of muscle atrophy quantization. The strength of the proposed methodology allows us, for the first time to our knowledge, to study the muscle growth attribute during hind-limb unloading and the spatial distribution of muscle atrophy.

Blood pressure prediction based on multi-sensor information fusion of electro cardiogram, photoplethysmography, and pressure pulse waveform

Cardiovascular diseases are now the leading cause of death that endangers people’s health. Thus, a precise and dependable blood pressure (BP) prediction method is essential. This paper proposes a noninvasive BP prediction method with the fusion of electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and pressure pulse waveform (PPW) features. A multi-sensor information acquisition platform was developed. Besides, the algorithms were designed to clean, preprocess, and extract features from sample data. Finally, feature selection and feature fusion created the Random Forest Regression (RFR) BP prediction model feature set. The RFR predicted diastolic blood pressure with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.90 mmHg, a mean square error (MSE) of 6.48 mmHg, and a standard deviation (STD) of 2.47 mmHg; and systolic blood pressure with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.64 mmHg, a mean square error (MSE) of 2.31 mmHg, and a standard deviation (STD) of 1.53 mmHg.

Effects of Antimicrobial photosensitizers of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to Treat Periodontitis.

Along with antimicrobial photosensitizers or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic approach in which lasers and different photosensitizers (PSs) are used to eradicate periodontopathic bacteria in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Periodontitis is a localized infectious disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria and can destroy bones and tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. The aPDT system has been shown by in vitro studies to have high bactericidal efficacy. It was demonstrated that aPDT has low local toxicity, can speed up dental therapy, and is cost-effective. Several photosensitizers (PSs) are available for each type of light source which did not induce any damage to the patient and are safe. In recent years, significant advances have been made in aPDT as a non-invasive treatment method, especially in treating infections and cancers. Besides, aPDT can be perfectly combined with other treatments. Hence, this survey focused on the effectiveness and mechanism of aPDT of periodontitis by using lasers and the most frequently used antimicrobial PSs such as methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue ortho (TBO), indocyanine green (ICG), Malachite green (MG) (Triarylmethanes), Erythrosine Dyes (ERY) (Xanthenes dyes), Rose bengal (RB) (Xanthenes dyes), Eosin-Y (Xanthenes dyes), Radachlorin group and Curcumin. The aPDT with these PSs can reduce pathogenic bacterial loads in periodontitis. Therefore, it is clear that there is a bright future for using aPDT to fight microorganisms causing periodontitis.