Analysis Of Non-functional Requirements Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbot to Support Public Health Services in Indonesia

The aim of this study is to build an artificial intelligence chatbot application to support public health services. The chatbot acts as an information service that can replace the role of humans. The analysis of functional needs was obtained from information submitted by one of the heads of public health centers in Indonesia. This study uses the Scrum method with pregame stages to produce a plan consisting of functional and non-functional requirements analysis and conceptual design of the chatbot, which will be developed using Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams. The process of finding answers uses the matching graph master technique, which is a backtrack matching that utilizes a depth-first search strategy. There are 6 topics of chatbot services, including service schedules, health information, registration, diseases, drugs, and early care services for chatbot users. Tests conducted on these 6 topics showed an average correct answer ratio of 93.1% out of a total of 251 questions. The result of the usability measurement on the chatbot application that has been built obtained a system usability scale value of 80.1, indicating that the developed chatbots are acceptable for use.

Analysis of non-functional requirements of the speech recognition system

Analysis of non-functional requirements of the speech recognition system

Aplikasi E-Learning Berbasis Android sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Pemrograman

Advances in information technology can be used as a supporting medium in the learning process, one of which is E-learning. Programming language E-learning applications can be used to facilitate the process of learning programming languages. The application developed is based on Android and includes facilities such as downloading material presented in video form, quiz questions, forums for asking questions, and user profiles. The process of making the application uses a framework from JavaScript, namely React-Native as the front-end and Express JS as the back-end for the API provider, and MySQL as the database. The system development method used is the waterfall method. The stages of system development in this study started from planning problem identification and data collection, problem analysis and analysis of functional and non-functional requirements, application design using UML diagrams, application implementation by writing program code using React Native, Express Js, and MySQL, and trials by using 5 android devices. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that this application can run well and smoothly on devices with minimum specifications, namely Android version 6 with a resolution of 720 x 1280 and 2 GB of RAM. The test results show that the application can run properly and has a full-screen interface on each device, and can run smoothly without any bugs and errors.Keywords: Application, Android, Programming Language, E-learning.

BERT-CNN: Improving BERT for Requirements Classification using CNN

Requirements classification is considered a crucial task in requirements engineering. The analysis of functional and Non-functional requirements (NFRs) requires domain knowledge. NFRs are considered quality attributes, that hold critical information about the constraints upon which the success of software depends. Usually, requirements are expressed in natural language, and extraction and classification of such requirements become a challenging task. Various automatic techniques for requirements classification are exploited by existing studies. Recently, Transfer learning as a new deep learning model attracts the attention of researchers, which excelled in different Natural Language Processing tasks. Transfer learning-based BERT pre-trained model achieved more promising results than state-of-the-art approaches. This proposed research presents a Bidirectional Encoder-Decoder Transformer-Convolutional Neural Network (BERT-CNN) model for requirements classification. Then, the convolutional layer is stacked over the BERT layer for performance enhancement. This research work conducted an experiment on the PROMISE dataset of 625 requirements. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed model performs better than the state-of-the-art baseline approach.

Challenges and review of goal-oriented requirements engineering based competitive non-functional requirements analysis

Modelling and analysis in software system development can be especially challenging in early requirements engineering (RE), where high-level system non-functional requirements are discovered. In the early stage, hard to measure non-functional requirements are critical; understanding the interactions between systems and stakeholders is key to system success. Goal-oriented requirements engineering (GORE) has been successful in dealing with the issues that may arise during the analysis of requirements. While assisting in the analysis of requirements, i* goal model is the only framework available among the many GORE models, emphasising socio-technical domains such as stakeholders/actors/players, goals/objectives, dependencies and design options/alternatives. Most current approaches to goal-model analysis use quantitative methods or formal information that is hard to gather in early RE, or produce analysis results automatically over models. In real-time competitive applications, the goals of various stakeholders are conflicting in complex systems. Also, each of the system goals have various alternative design options for the systems and optimal selection of goal-oriented requirements faces several challenges in requirements-based engineering. Hence, effective decision-making frameworks are necessary to capture the real issues to achieve multi-objective optimisation of interdependent actors. To obtain an optimum strategy for interdependent actors in the i* goal model must balance the opposing goals reciprocally. To achieve this, the model needs to go beyond the analytical decision-making tools such as sensitivity analysis tasks, cost-effective analysis process, game-theoretic concepts and analytical hierarchical process. To address these requirements, this paper discusses the design of novel frameworks for an agent-based goal model analysis in requirements engineering. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief and comprehensive review of the major efforts undertaken along this line of research. In this paper we have prepared literature review of the concepts, terminology, significance and techniques of Goal oriented requirements engineering in the context of non-functional requirements analysis.

USING PROTOTYPING METHOD FOR ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR STUDENT REGISTRATION IN SEKOLAH MASTER

Sekolah Master or Master’s Schools is one of the schools for Education for equality of students for the less fortunate. One of the obstacles that master schools have is the absence of technology in student enrollment in schools. Many students wish to enroll and continue Education in masters schools to get an equivalency Education, so as to have the recognition of such Educational status. So far, schools are still using conventional methods in registration. Where, students and parents or families must come to school to register students or students by bringing the required documents, not to mention the requirements that cannot be completed, even queue time is needed to be served by the operator or staff on duty at the school. This shows that a technological device or system is needed to facilitate student enrollment in schools. One method that can be used to collect the required requirements and make a design is the prototyping method. The prototyping method is one of the methods used as an effort to develop a system with almost finished services and products. This method produces an analysis of functional and non-functional requirements that form the basis of the system that can be developed. This research also produced a design with a navigation structure, use case diagrams with a unified modeling language, relation tables, and interface proposals from end users and admins. This interface is used as a basis for the system to be made as a user-approved interface, so that the development of this system can be carried out properly during implementation and future trials.

Implementation of Forward Chaining for Diagnosis of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Insects in the form of mosquitoes are transmitting vectors of several types of diseases that are quite dangerous and need to be watched out for because they can be deadly, such as dengue fever mosquitoes, malaria, elephantiasis and the like. Patients suffering from mosquito-borne diseases must be treated immediately to find out the type of disease they are suffering from and their treatment solutions. The era of digitalization that is growing rapidly, including in the field of medical science, makes the use of information technology to help improve quality services for the community. The analysis used in this research is using the forward chaining method, as a comparison of the overall process of the problems obtained in the investigation and developed using the waterfall paradigm. Forward chaining is optimized because the disease diagnosis process begins by observing the symptoms experienced by a patient and then continues with a tracing process that results in conclusions about the dengue fever suffered. While the waterfall method is used in the development of this expert system because the method can accommodate all stages of the system starting from the analysis of functional and non-functional system requirements, system design, coding, expert system testing and the last stage is expert system maintenance. The data used in this study used data at the Maos Health Center, Cilacap Regency. Testing is carried out using the black box testing method where the expert system is tested on end-users to determine the level of success and usability of the developed system. The questionnaire was given to 76 respondents with the results of the questionnaire: 91.9% indicating the level of user satisfaction, 89.6% indicating the level of effectiveness and 92.2% indicating the level of efficiency of the expert system. The output of this study is the conclusion of the disease suffered by the patient and the solution for handling it.

Non-Functional Requirements Analysis Based on Application Reviews in the Android App Market

There are more than 3 million mobile apps in the Android market. The development process of every mobile application is rigorous, and many types of research on application quality requirements are derived, which are highly related to the development of applications. Research shows that user reviews of mobile applications are an unused large database that can provide feedback on user needs. In this article, user comments are automatically classified into non-functional requirements (NFRs) and other types. This paper proposes a loop matching classification technique (Loop Matching Classification). The three classification techniques of LMC, BOW, and TF-IDF were used to classify user comments, and the accuracy, recall rate, and F-measure of the results of the three classification techniques were compared. It was found that the Precision value of the LMC classification technique was 74.2%, the Recall was 82.5% and the F-measure was 78.1%.

Building Cocoa Traceability System Based on Web Application and QR Code

Aceh is one of the cocoa producing provinces in Sumatra, Indonesia. Cocoa production in Aceh Province in 2017 amounted to 39,296 tons / year with a land area of 101,230 Ha (BPS-Statistics Indonesia 2017). The traceability system is a complex system for representing four important components called process, organization, information, and technology (Verdenius 2006). There are two traceability system methods (1) paper-based system and (2) barcode / RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The purpose of this research is to build a traceability system by utilizing a website and quick responses code so that it can provide information that can be accessed using the internet and the QR code scanner application that can be found on a smartphone. This research was conducted using the system development life cycle (SDLC) method by utilizing primary and secondary data as supporting information to produce an information system in the form of a web application. This web application was developed using a browser, database, local server and a code writing application. There are 4 stages of analysis (1) analysis of functional requirements of the system, (2) analysis of non-functional requirements of the system, (3) analysis of system users and (4) system security analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, the main components needed are the process of input, output, storage and control. All processes are carried out by a work unit consisting of 7 admins. This web application system is registered using domain www.cocoa-trace.com with www.rumahweb.com as hosting.

Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem Informasi Pembelajaran Daring pada Lab Bank Syariah Politeknik Negeri Bandung

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the needs for the development of Islamic Bank Lab learning media. in Politeknik Negeri Bandung. The stages of research on needs analysis of teaching media development carried out were: data collection, data analysis and document review, identification of actors, and making use case diagrams. The analysis was carried out on the current system using PIECES analysis. The results of the PIECES analysis are made in tabular form. In addition, a functional and non-functional requirements analysis was also carried out. Identification of actors who will play a role in teaching media is described in the form of use case diagrams. The results of the PIECES analysis show that a system is needed that can accommodate practical learning in the lab. Islamic banks that can be accessed by students from anywhere in real time, fast and easy to use by all actors involved. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an information system as a learning medium in the Islamic Bank lab. Politeknik Negeri Bandung.

Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pembayaran Air HIPPAM Desa Leran Berbasis Web

The HIPPAM of Leran Desa is a village-owned company that works to provide clean water for the people of Leran Village. The process of recording meters and water payments for HIPPAM still uses a manual system (notebook and simple application on Microsoft Excel), so that errors often occur such as inaccurate data and not responding to excel documents. Not only that, but the payment process takes a lot of time so it is less efficient. For this reason, a web-based payment system is needed that can solve these problems and simplify the process of payment for water from the Leran village HIPPAM, so that the resulting data are minimal errors and reduce long queues in the payment process, this system can be used by customers to view bill payments, and filing a complaint if there is a problem in the HIPPAM water either about the water meter or service. This research consists of analysis and design, while the methodology used to develop the system is SDLC (system development life cycle). The results of this research are in the form of a system design and analysis document that will be used to develop this HIPPAM payment system. The analysis document contains functional requirements analysis and non-functional requirements analysis, for the design document there is DFD design or data flow diagrams and user interface design.

DAHBOARD EKSEKUTIF SEBAGAI MEDIA KOORDINASI DAN MONITORING KEGIATAN UNTUK PENINGKAT KINERJA APARATUR PEMERINTAH

Pekalongan City Government continues to strive to improve good governance in maximizing the 
 use of Information Technology, this is evidenced by the participation of the Pekalongan City 
 Government in the Movement Towards 100 Smart City programs. One effort that can be made to 
 optimize the use of information technology is the executive dashboard for monitoring RT / RW 
 activities. In 2019, Pekalongan City has 340 RW and 1660 RT. The existence of this executive 
 dashboard application can optimize the role of RT and RW and all information at the lower level 
 can be obtained immediately, such as information on population data, submission of grants and 
 assistance, and others. The information in the monitoring dashboard is the realtime data that 
 currently exists. This research will make a dashboard monitoring RT / RW activities with a 
 prototype model approach. The prototype model and Joint Application Development (JAD) are the 
 most widely used models in creating executive dashboards. The research steps started from data 
 collection, data analysis, application design, application development and testing. From the data 
 collected, a functional and non-functional requirements analysis process was carried out. After 
 that the application design process is carried out and conti nued with the design implementation in 
 the application development process. Then from the results of the Alpha Test and Beta Test, the 
 application can work according to functional and non-functional needs. In the future, this 
 application prototype can be developed in conjunction with the One Data application in Dinas 
 Komunikasi dan Informatikan (Diskominfo) Pekalongan City.
 Keywords: Executive dashboard, smart city, prototype.

Optimal Analysis of Human Resources Allocation in Colleges and Universities Based on Internet of Things Technology.

This article takes the development and superiority of the human resource system under the IoT technology as the background and adopts the popular IoT architecture and the current latest technical theories to develop and improve the human resource management system. First, we introduce the establishment of the J2EE development environment and then introduce the realization of the three layers of the overall IoT architecture of the system, namely, the realization of the presentation layer, the realization of the layer, and the realization of the data and then the realization of the main modules of the system; finally, we explain the function test of some modules of the system. After that, we mainly analyze the requirements of the system, first the overall requirements analysis and then the function and nonfunctional requirements analysis of the system. On the basis of perfecting the service-oriented modeling of manufacturing resources, the integration and optimization of resources are carried out according to the requirements of manufacturing tasks, and the discovery mechanism and matching methods of manufacturing resource services are studied to reduce the solution space of resource allocation. Aiming at the problem of optimal utilization of manufacturing resources, this paper establishes a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system to reduce resource service costs and improve resource utilization. At the same time, after analyzing the problem of real-time distribution of resources in the manufacturing Internet of Things environment, the real-time information of resource distribution is designed. The interactive mechanism and a two-tier optimization method based on real-time information-driven resource distribution tasks are proposed. The simulation experiment results show that the optimization method proposed in this paper, compared with the traditional resource distribution method, not only reduces the carrying distance of human resource distribution but also reduces the empty load rate, thereby reducing the waste of human resources.

Reliability and performance analysis of safety-critical system using transformation of UML into state space models

Non-functional requirement analysis is the most critical factor for safety-critical system construction as it reduces the risk of catastrophic loss of assets by taking measurable actions in the design phase. Reliability and performance analysis are the two main components of non-functional requirement analysis. In this paper, a reliability analysis framework is devised, which maps the Unified Modeling Language (UML) state chart model into the state-space model to analyze dynamic behavior and state transition probabilities of a safety-critical system. A system that does not meet the target reliability and performance requirements is considered to be a failure. The proposed framework is validated with 32 safety-critical system instances of the Nuclear Power Plant on the Reactor Core Isolation Cooling System module.

Non-Functional Requirements Elicitation

Non-Functional requirements elicitation is one of the most important activity in requirements engineering. Non-functional requirements define the quality attributes of software system. If this analysis is not done properly, it may cause for problems in further phases that in turn may lead to failure of the software. Hence the non-functional requirements analysis has to be given at most priority in software development. This paper presents survey on different approaches proposed for Non-Functional requirements analysis

Applying an Improving Strategy that embeds Functional and Non-Functional Requirements Concepts

Organizations should set and reach business goals for varied purposes using the suitable strategies. Basically, a strategy specifies the activities, methods and another related resources that should be considered in order to achieve a given goal purpose. Goal purposes and their associated strategies can aim at evaluating, testing, developing, or maintaining some entity. Some concrete evaluation purposes such as to understand or monitor can be achieved by strategies embracing non-functional requirements definition, measurement, evaluation and analysis activities. Other specific evaluation purposes such as to improve or control also imply changing the target entity; therefore, strategies should embrace functional requirements definition activities as well. Moreover, specific development and maintenance purposes always involve functional requirements. In this work, we relate business and information need goals with functional and non- functional requirements concepts, which are paramount for well-defined strategies. Therefore, we specify vocabularies for them, and illustrate the applicability of an improving strategy –which embeds these concepts- in the context of a running example. Having well-structured vocabularies serving as common ground for diverse strategies may promote a more effective operationalization of projects dealing with evaluation, testing, development and maintenance goal purposes.

Methodology for Model Based Performance Testing

Performance plays a crucial role in this competitive and fast growing world. Proper measures and thorough checks for performance must be made, on systems of any scale. Traditional approaches for performance testing follow these steps, thorough analysis of functional and non-functional requirements, create test design based on these requirements, build test cases, characterize workload, execute test cases and generate detailed report. As and when requirement changes test cases needed to be generated and executed again, so this approach is more time consuming. Model based testing overcomes a lot of drawbacks in traditional approaches. Here comes our methodology where we apply principles of MBT for performance testing to generate test cases for performance testing based on sequence diagrams. As the requirement changes it will be affected on the sequence diagrams, we will use these diagrams to generate test cases for performance testing. To conclude, this paper introduces a methodology and a tool based on the methodology for model based performance testing.

테넌트 요구사항 기반의 클라우드 서비스 추천 방법

It is difficult to provide proper cloud services for cloud users, because the number of cloud services are increasing and the type of cloud services are diversifying. To overcome this problem, the concept of cloud service broker is presented to mediate cloud services between cloud providers and tenant. The most important role of cloud service broker is to finding cloud services that fulfill requirements of tenant. However, current existing cloud service broker conduct passive requirements analysis process with cloud service expert`s assistance. In addition, the systematic functional and non-functional requirement analysis is insufficient. Therefore, we need the new methods for requirement analysis to find nearest service that matches with requirement of tenant. In this paper, we apply pairwise comparison from AHP method to analyze requirement automatically and systematically. It calculates score of service by comparing requirement with service specification, calculating importance rate, and so on.

On the Reliability Analysis of Systems and SoS: The RAMSAS Method and Related Extensions

This paper aims at contributing to fill the lack of methods specifically conceived for addressing the analysis and verification of nonfunctional requirements. In particular, the attention is focused on system reliability, which is a key requirement to be satisfied particularly for mission-critical systems where system failures could cause even human losses. To this end, this paper presents an up-to-date version of RAMSAS, which is a recently proposed model-based method for the reliability analysis of systems through simulation. The present version of RAMSAS is the result of an intensive experimentation phase in several application domains (avionics, automotive, and satellite) that allowed for the improvement of the effectiveness of the method, particularly in the modeling of both the intended and dysfunctional system behaviors. Moreover, this paper discusses the specific issues that arise when moving from the reliability analysis of systems to that of systems of systems (SoSs) and proposes a possible extension of the RAMSAS method (called RAMSoS) that is able to address the identified issues and thus support the reliability analysis of SoSs through simulation.

Optimizing Support Vector Machine for Classifying Non Functional Requirements

Problems faced in contemporary practice should be understood to improve requirements engineering processes. System requirements are descriptions of services provided by a system and operational constraints. Non- Functional Requirements (NFR) defines overall qualities/attributes of the system. NFR analysis is a significant activity in this branch of engineering. In this study, a methodology for classifying NFR is presented. Inverse Document Frequency is used for extracting the features from the NFR dataset and is classified by Support Vector Machine (SVM). The efficiency of the SVM depends upon the parameter used with Radial Basis Function. In this study, the RBF kernel is optimized by Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC) to optimize the RBF parameters to improve performance.