Non-commercial Platform Research Articles

Breathing Room: Working Principles of Independent Art Spaces in African Cities

Breathing Room: Working Principles of Independent Art Spaces in African Cities

Регулирование и поддержка платформ шеринг-экономики: постановка проблемы и варианты решения

Introduction: the sharing economy development in Russia is attracting more and more attention, both from the scientific community and from practitioners. At the same time, the issues of regulation in the scientific literature are covered rather fragmentarily. Objectives: to develop models of sharing economy platforms regulation and functioning as well as support measures in this area. Methods: semantic analysis of research papers, systemic and graphical methods for describing models. Results: the paper presents the author’s models of sharing economy platforms regulation, taking into account their commercial and non-commercial basis. Models show that commercial platforms, being rather sophisticated in operational issues, appear to be much simpler. The functioning of non-commercial platforms involves a wider range of processes. They do not only satisfy particular needs, but also contribute to the institutional transformation. Thus, if commercial platforms can be considered a separate market, then non-commercial ones have a significant potential for transforming institutions at various governance levels. In addition, the paper outlines certain measures to support sharing economy projects by involving them in resolving social problems, including designing the “smart cities”. Conclusions: the obtained results contribute to the development of research in the field of sharing economy in Russia; the suggested support measures for sharing economy projects are applicable in solving social and environmental problems.

A Survey of One Class E-Commerce Recommendation System Techniques

Although several recommendation algorithms are widely used by both commercial and non-commercial platforms, they face unique challenges such as sparse data sets and the absence of negative or “neutral” feedback. One-class algorithms attempt to overcome the data sparsity problem by using the implicit feedback inherent in user’s clicks and purchases, which are deduced from both positive and negative feedback. Existing literature uses several heuristic strategies to derive the negative samples needed for training, such as using random sampling or utilizing user-item interaction. However, these assumptions do not always reflect reality. In addition, with the explosive increase in the availability of big data for training recommendation systems, these methods might not adequately encapsulate the representations of the latent vectors. In this paper, we address the common issues of one-class recommendation and provide a survey on approaches that have been used to mitigate the existing challenges. To tackle the identified problems, we propose a neural network-based Bayesian Personalized Ranking (BPR) for item recommendation and personalized ranking from implicit feedback. BPR provides an optimization criterion derived from Bayesian analysis of a problem to develop an optimized model for such a problem. We conduct several experiments on two varieties of MovieLens datasets to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach. Our approach shows an impressive result in mitigating the issues of one-class recommendation when compared with the complexity of the state-of-the-art methods.

Fluidic circuit board with modular sensor and valves enables stand-alone, tubeless microfluidic flow control in organs-on-chips.

Organs-on-chips are a unique class of microfluidic in vitro cell culture models, in which the in vivo tissue microenvironment is mimicked. Unfortunately, their widespread use is hampered by their operation complexity and incompatibility with end-user research settings. To address these issues, many commercial and non-commercial platforms have been developed for semi-automated culture of organs-on-chips. However, these organ-on-chip culture platforms each represent a closed ecosystem, with very little opportunity to interchange and integrate components from different platforms or to develop new ones. The translational organ-on-chip platform (TOP) is a multi-institutional effort to develop an open platform for automated organ-on-chip culture and integration of components from various developers. Central to TOP is the fluidic circuit board (FCB), a microfluidic plate with the form factor of a typical well plate. The FCB enables microfluidic control of multiple components like sensors or organ-on-chip devices through an interface based on openly available standards. Here, we report an FCB to integrate commercial and in-house developed components forming a stand-alone flow control system for organs-on-chips. The control system is able to achieve constant and pulsatile flow recirculation through a connected organ-on-chip device. We demonstrate that this system is able to automatically perfuse a heart-on-chip device containing co-cultures of cardiac tissues derived from human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and monolayers of endothelial cells for five days. Altogether, we conclude that open technology platforms allow the integration of components from different sources to form functional and fit-for-purpose organ-on-chip systems. We anticipate that open platforms will play a central role in catalyzing and maturing further technological development of organ-on-chip culture systems.

The Quality Evaluation of Online Book Reviews Based on Graph Neural Network

With the development of the Internet, the way people read has changed, the readers are more and more willing to share their reading opinions via the reading platforms. However, as the continuous increase in the number of users and reviews on the book platforms, the review data is growing exponentially. It is difficult for people to find useful information quickly in the massive reviews. Therefore, using automated methods to identify high-quality reviews among a large number of book reviews has become a hot topic in current research. This paper studies a quality evaluation method of book reviews based on graph convolution neural network, which introduces the LDA document topic generation model to add topic nodes on the basis of review and word nodes, builds the relationship between the three nodes as edges to generate heterogeneous graph. The graph is sent to a two-layer GCN model for training. In the last, this article did experimental evaluation and analysis based on the book review data of non-commercial platforms. The results show that the proposed method is superior to the machine learning method and the traditional neural network model.

Three Challenges for Media Studies in the Age of Platforms

Digital platforms, from Instagram to Spotify, have become central to the production, distribution, and monetization of cultural content. This essay discusses how this process of platformization poses three interrelated challenges for the research on and governance of contemporary cultural industries. First, platformization complicates the question of media concentration, as platform corporations integrate highly diverse businesses, not only hosting and curating media content, but also functioning as advertising networks, data intermediaries, and so on. Second, it thwarts the regulation of media content, as platforms channel vast amounts of heterogeneous materials, shared by a broad range of users, making it extremely difficult to maintain oversight. Third, the growing dominance of platform corporations over the cultural domain makes it vital, but also difficult, to develop and sustain online public service media and alternative noncommercial platforms. The essay closes by discussing how these challenges can and should be addressed from the perspective of media studies.

Internet-based digital video atlas of sonographic findings for clinical and educational purposes.

IntroductionA professional and valid ultrasound examination is dependent upon an extensively experienced examiner. Recognition and classification of rare or minimally distinctive findings are a particular source of uncertainty on the part of the examiner. By creating an online-based video database of sonographic findings, we tried to share our own experience for clinical and educational purposes.Material and methodsMore than a thousand video clips of documented ultrasound findings were anonymized and cut to a practicable length of between 10 and 25 sec. The findings were critically evaluated and labeled with a primary diagnosis. They were also classified by organ systems and various keywords.ResultsAn online portal that currently contains more than 1,000 video sequences of typical, non-typical, especially vivid or rare ultrasound findings has been created. The portal is free of charge and accessible for any Internet-capable PC. It is also optimized for use on mobile devices (smartphones, iPads, etc.). Search and location of relevant findings is performed using keywords or a diagnosis-based search function. The Internet address is www.sono.gallery.ConclusionsThe video portal is a fast and universally accessible non-commercial platform. Its moving images can be used as an aid in resolving problematic differential diagnoses of typical, non-typical or especially rare ultrasound findings or in verifying one’s own findings.

Clusters of topics and research designs in peer-to-peer accommodation platforms

• This study explores academic papers focused on peer-to-peer accommodation platforms. • The research question underlying the study is centered on clusters of topics and research designs. • The study, using a cross-citation approach, proposes nine clusters (micro-level). • The nine clusters identify a research map structured around six blocks (macro-level). • Conclusions identify macro- and micro-level research avenues. This article is a literature review exploring academic papers focused on peer-to-peer accommodation platforms (P2P APs). The sample includes 189 published works indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, identified using 72 queries. The research question underlying the study is centered on clusters of topics and their research designs. Using a cross-citation approach, nine clusters are identified, and a research map is proposed structured around six blocks. These include i) conceptual papers analyzing the sharing economy (cluster 1); ii) demand-side papers based on the consumer behavior approach (cluster 2); iii) host papers exploring spatial patterns (cluster 3) and researching determinants of performance (cluster 4); iv) host-guest relationships, based on Airbnb (cluster 5) and on noncommercial platforms (cluster 9); v) social impact of P2P APs (cluster 6), and vi) effects generated on hotels, including economic impact (cluster 7) and comparison of Airbnb and hotel strategies (cluster 8).

Dengue Fever: A Worldwide Threat An Overview of the Infection Process, Environmental Factors for a Global Outbreak, Diagnostic Platforms and Vaccine Developments.

Current review article focuses on dengue, which is one of the most fatal infectious illnesses and is considered to be a worldwide threat. The paper covers essential topics including an overview on neglected tropical diseases with specific emphasis on Dengue fever, mosquito's cycle of life and mechanism of infection, adaptive response, and different stages in dengue immunopathogenesis. The current work is also dedicated to the thorough study of dengue outbreak across the globe with a narrowed study to tropical and subtropical regions. Moreover, this review article demonstrates the correlation between climate factors and dengue incidence. Furthermore, we present an overview of the detection strategies of dengue including the latest developments in commercial and non-commercial platforms. Several attempts in developing an effective vaccine to protect individuals from dengue infection and the stage of clinical trials are gathered in the present work as well. Future directions including bio-control are also discussed in this review article. In an overall view, effective management of Dengue is a multidisciplinary task that requires international involvement from different backgrounds and expertise to address this global concern. This review article briefly portrays some of these connecting areas across the disciplines while many other perspectives remain uncovered.

A Web-Based Tool for Collaboration and Transdisciplinary Learning Design in Communities of Practice

idématch is a digital, web-based, and noncommercial platform developed by associate professors from University College Zealand, in cooperation with private enterprises, municipalities, and students. It is designed to bring students, public and private organizations, and citizens together, transforming ideas into practical solutions, through innovation, using collaborative and transdisciplinary learning designs contributing to new ways of welfare solutions for the Region of Zealand. The key focus is the contribution to innovation in partnership with the work field, students’ learning processes, and the development of analytical, experiential, experimental, and management competencies.

The Parking Gallery: Experimental practice and the artist-run initiative in South Africa

ABSTRACTIn a contemporary South African context of arts production and exhibition, there are few spaces or arenas dedicated to the development and presentation of experimental and non-commercial projects. This ‘void’ has become increasingly evident amidst the growing interest in social and participative aesthetics within artistic production which include (but are not limited to) relational, collaborative and dialogical art. In this research article I examine the emergence of the artist-run initiative (ARI) as a means to address the lack of ‘exhibition’ space available for the presentation of said practices. In particular, I explore the Parking Gallery, from its first brief incarnation as a project space, to its current form as a malleable, participative, non-commercial platform. I discuss the influence of Gush’s practice on the gallery, and how his overarching interest in autonomous-Marxism has influenced its socialistic approach to the institutionalisation of art. Moreover, I posit that this methodology provides a valuable (albeit fallible) prototype for the potentialities of non-traditional economies (trade, collective funding and so on) within a South African arts landscape defined by funding deficits and a commercially driven art market.

Solid Technical Program Brought to You by the Industry for the Industry … a Winning Combination [Message from the Executive Director

In the last issue, I reported the successful results of the IBC. In a year when many shows are down in total attendance, IBC achieved growth. This is good for IBC—and as a partner/part owner of the show, it is certainly good for SMPTE. You may also appreciate how excited and pleased I am to now report that SMPTE 2008: Annual Tech Conference & Expo also grew this year—to the tune of more than 50%. One reason for this growth can be attributed to the top notch program we developed on a noncommercial platform. As an industry nonprofit, we must compete with many commercial entities in the conference calendar. This is often a huge challenge for us due to limited resources compared to commercial conference organizers. The bottom line difference is that our revenues go to further development of industry standards and technical resources for members…by the industry for the industry. So, as spending tightens with a fragile economy, I hope our individual members and corporate sponsors will continue to support the work and efforts of SMPTE—including its conferences because we were here in 1916 to help develop the business—and we pledge to continue to be here to further the work that needs to be done to continue to develop and grow the business. Some of the industry's best and brightest graced our stages for very in-depth technical and business-related operations discussions—and many of the leading business decision makers graced our show floor, so I thank you all for your support of SMPTE.