Home Node Research Articles

The Faulty Satnav (GPS) Problem: Search for home in networks with unreliable directions

A Searcher wants to find the Home node on a given Network, but his directions are unreliable. At every branch node of a network Q, a Satnav (GPS) points to the arc leading to the destination, or home node, H - but only with a high known probability p. The pointer is fixed in time, so does not change when a node is revisited. Always trusting the Satnav's suggestion may lead to an infinite cycle. If one wishes to reach H in least expected time, with what probability q=q(Q,p) should one trust the pointer (if not, one chooses randomly among the other arcs)? We call this the Faulty Satnav (GPS) Problem. We also consider versions where the trust probability q can depend on the degree of the current node and a ‘treasure hunt’ where two searchers try to reach H first. The agent searching for H need not be a car, that is just a familiar example – it could equally be a UAV receiving unreliable GPS information.This problem has its origin not in driver frustration but in the work of Fonio et al. (2017) [10] on ant navigation, where the pointers correspond to pheromone markers pointing to the nest.

Lightweight user authentication scheme for roaming service in GLOMONET with privacy preserving.

With the development of information technology and the Internet, users can conveniently use roaming services without time and space restrictions. This roaming service is initiated by establishing a session key between a home node, which exists in a home network, and a mobile node, which exists in a foreign network. However, in the process of verifying a legitimate user and establishing a session key, various security threats and privacy exposure issues can arise. This study demonstrates that the authentication scheme for the roaming service proposed in the existing Global Mobility Network (GLOMONET) environment has several vulnerabilities and, hence, is impractical. In addition, the scheme does not satisfy the privacy of the session key or user’s identity or password. Accordingly, we propose a new lightweight authentication scheme to compensate for these vulnerabilities and secure a high level of privacy, such as non-traceability. In addition, formal and informal analyses are conducted to examine the safety of the proposed scheme. Based on the results of our analyses, we prove that the proposed scheme is highly secure and applicable to the actual GLOMONET environment.

Design and implementation of smart home nodes for security using radio frequency modules

Radio frequency (RF) is a preferred choice of wireless communication because of the ability to penetrate through walls, trees, etc. RF device has advantage of been relatively cheap and readily available in developing countries compared to other wireless communication modules. Increase in home theft and other forms of insecurity around the world have called for implementation of cutting edge technology like smart home systems for security purposes. Smart home system comprising a set of RF nodes was designed and implemented for security purposes. These nodes are made up of a set of sensors and actuators to observe the environment and automatically control home devices respectively. This was done using microcontrollers and RF modules. The sensors monitor and sense the ongoing activities in the home environment and communicate accordingly the information received to the microcontroller. The receiver then receives and sends the signals to the actuators via the microcontroller. The results show fantastic security device for domestic purposes.

Design and implementation of smart home nodes for security using radio frequency modules

Radio frequency (RF) is a preferred choice of wireless communication because of the ability to penetrate through walls, trees, etc. RF device has advantage of been relatively cheap and readily available in developing countries compared to other wireless communication modules. Increase in home theft and other forms of insecurity around the world have called for implementation of cutting edge technology like smart home systems for security purposes. Smart home system comprising a set of RF nodes was designed and implemented for security purposes. These nodes are made up of a set of sensors and actuators to observe the environment and automatically control home devices respectively. This was done using microcontrollers and RF modules. The sensors monitor and sense the ongoing activities in the home environment and communicate accordingly the information received to the microcontroller. The receiver then receives and sends the signals to the actuators via the microcontroller. The results show fantastic security device for domestic purposes.

Nodemcu-based Low-cost Smart Home Node Design

This design proposes a low-cost node solution based on the Wi-Fi wireless sensor network. It aims to solve the problem of the popularity of smart homes due to high costs in real life and is suitable for applications in the smart home field. This solution saves cost, uses SOC solution, and has few peripheral circuits. Nodemcu is used to collect sensor data directly, which saves a separate main control chip, thereby further reducing costs. Various hardware interfaces are provided to facilitate the expansion of different types of sensor functions. The hardware of different functional nodes is designed, and the data is uploaded to a back-end server. Based on the software processing, the data between different nodes is aggregated and uploaded to the cloud platform for display to achieve remote access and control.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Research and Experiment of Intelligent Natural Language Processing Algorithms

Natural language processing is mainly divided into two parts: speech processing and word processing. The level of word processing is mainly studied. Natural language processing is divided into lexical analysis, syntax analysis and semantic analysis. Aiming at the scope of the language ambiguity and thesaurus in the field of smart home, the maximal matching algorithm is used to segment the natural language. Then, through the way of template matching, semantic comprehension finally forms the code form that can control the home node. In the system applied in this paper, the speech is processed into words through the existing voice input function of the mobile terminal. Then, the control instruction is obtained through the language processing method. The processed data is communicated to the server via socket. The server sends the data to the home node through the Zigbee protocol. Finally, control of home appliances is achieved.

Anonymous authentication and location privacy preserving schemes for LTE-A networks

Long Term Evaluation Advanced (LTE-A) is the third generation partnership project for cellular network that allows subscribers to roam into networks (i.e., the Internet and wireless connections) using spacial purpose base-stations, such as wireless access points and home node B. In such LTE-A based networks, neither base-stations, nor the Internet and wireless connections are trusted because base-stations are operated by un-trusted subscribers. Attackers may exploit these vulnerabilities to violate the privacy of the LTE-A subscribers. On the other hand, the tradeoff between privacy and authentication is another challenge in such networks. Therefore, in this paper, we propose two anonymous authentication schemes based on one-time pseudonymes and Schnorr Zero Knowledge Protocols. Instead of the international mobile subscriber identity, these schemes enable the user equipment, base-stations and mobility management entity to mutually authenticate each others and update the location of the user equipment without evolving the home subscriber server. The security analysis demonstrate that the proposed schemes thwart security and privacy attacks, such as malicious, international mobile subscriber identity catching, and tracking attacks. Additionally, our proposed schemes preserve the location privacy of user equipment since no entity except the mobility management entity and Gate-Way Mobile Location Center can link between the pseudonymes and the international mobile subscriber identity. Also attackers have no knowledge about international mobile subscriber identity. Hence, the proposed schemes achieve backward/forward secrecy. Furthermore, the performance evaluation shows that the proposed handover schemes impose a small overhead on the mobile nodes and it has smaller computation and communication overheads than those in other schemes.

On Achievable QoS Bounds for Mobile IP through Rayleigh Channel in VANET

Vehicu lar Ad Hoc network is a versatile mobile wireless Ad-Hoc network targeted to support traffic mon itoring, vehicu lar safety and many more applications. For the robust and reliab le services in the VA NET there is need to investigate the performance under frequent handovers in Mobile IP to prevent packet loss. Mobile IP is an interface that helps to track the mobile nodes and deliver messages even if vehicles are out of the coverage area of home node. In order to find the achievable performance bounds in terms of throughput, packet drop, collision rate and packet broadcast rate, extensive simulat ions have been done. A realistic city scenario has been proposed here by using the Rayleigh channel simulator, mob ile IP enabled IEEE 802.11p OBUs and RSUs. The transmission powers of RSUs and threshold power levels have been varied to obtain the optimu m performance through realistic conditions. Simulat ions are performed using NCTUns6.0 (National Ch iao Tung University Network Simu lator) in mobile IP interface.

Architecture of green sensor mobile cloud computing

This study presents an architecture of green sensor mobile cloud computing which integrates sensor network and mobile network with cloud computing. In the proposed scheme, the sensor data are transmitted to the cloud through a mobile device. To develop the proposed architecture both the indoor and outdoor region are considered. For indoor region light weight access point and home node base station are used by the mobile device for sensor data transmission to the cloud, whereas for outdoor region macrocell and microcell base stations are used. Simulation results present that using home node base station the power consumption at indoor region can be reduced by ∼10% than the light weight access point, and using microcell base station at outdoor region the power consumption can be reduced by ∼30% than the macrocell base station. Hence, using home node base station and microcell base station green sensor mobile cloud computing can be obtained at indoor and outdoor regions, respectively. In this study, an experimental analysis of the proposed architecture is also performed.

MTAF: An Adaptive Design for Keyword-Based Content Dissemination on DHT Networks

Beyond offering the widely used keyword search function, many peer-to-peer systems nowadays support the subscription function. For example, Vuze allows users to create subscription filters based on the keyword search. Given the subscription, episodic or related content will be delivered to the users whenever new episodes are available. Unfortunately, these applications suffer from the downsides, for example, high network traffic in the nodes maintaining popular terms. In this paper, we propose the MTAF mechanism to overcome the issues. The key of MTAF is to carefully select a subset of terms without incurring false negatives and to forward the content item toward the home nodes of such selected terms for low content forwarding cost. Experimental results based on real datasets indicate that the proposed solutions are efficient compared to existing approaches. In particular, the similarity-based replication of filters is shown to mitigate the effect of hot spots that arise due to the fact that some document terms are substantially more popular than the others.

A Survey of Research on Health Monitoring System using Mobile Cloud Computing by Home Node Base Station

This paper presents a E-health monitoring scheme based on HNB (home node base station) and mobile cloud computing. In this method, the health data of each user is captured by using sensors and sent to the corresponding devices (i.e desktop, laptop, mobile). From that device the health data is transferred to cloud under which the mobile device is registered. In HNB it is verified whether the user’s health is normal using a database stored inside the HNB. If any abnormality is detected it will shows some indication through some sounds or light. The E-health data are send to cloud for each 15 seconds. In cloud also the data is verified with the normal data and if any abnormalities found it will indicate by sending message to the corresponding healthcare center. The health data in the cloud are stored with high security and only authentic healthcare center can access the data. Based on health data the healthcare centre takes proper action to cure the patient. KeywordsMobile cloud computing, Home node base station, E-health monitoring, Healthcare centre, E-health Data __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________

Cluster Cache Monitor: Leveraging the Proximity Data in CMP

As the number of cores and the working sets of parallel workloads increase, shared L2 caches exhibit fewer misses than private L2 caches by making a better use of the total available cache capacity, but they also induce higher overall L1 miss latencies because of the longer average distance between two nodes, and the potential congestions at certain nodes. One of the main causes of the long L1 miss latencies are accesses to home nodes of the directory. However, we have observed that there is a high probability that the target data of an L1 miss resides in the L1 cache of a neighbor node. In such cases, these long-distance accesses to the home nodes can be potentially avoided. We organize the multi-core into clusters of \(2\times 2\) nodes, and in order to leverage the aforementioned property, we introduce the Cluster Cache Monitor (CCM). The CCM is a hardware structure in charge of detecting whether an L1 miss can be served by one of the cluster L1 caches, and two cluster-related states are added in the coherence protocol in order to avoid long-distance accesses to home nodes upon hits in the cluster L1 caches. We evaluate this approach on a 64-node multi-core using SPLASH-2 and PARSEC benchmarks, and we find that the CCM can reduce the execution time by 15 % and reduce the energy by 14 %, while saving 28 % of the directory storage area compared to a standard multi-core with a shared L2. We also show that the CCM outperforms recent mechanisms, such as ASR, DCC and RNUCA.

Overlapping Community Detection Algorithm Based on Seed Diffusion

Thinking applied to the seed dispersal weighted network using node strength to find seed node, and through seed nodes for each node fitness Looking node's home societies, and update the node in the iterative process of fitness makes societies divided stabilized. The experimental results show that the network based on the weighted overlap Societies seed dispersal algorithm can be found in weighted social networks effectively divided and divided more tends to be refined.

Ant Colony System: An Improved Approach for Robot Path Planning

In Robot Colony System(RCS), based on the swarming nature of Ants, the path for the agent robots is designed to perform to search operation to find the shortest path from source to destination for collection of objects and go back to their hive-like home node. The agent always move through the shortest path to reach to the destination. There is a possibility of having a number of path in between the source and destination as defined in the Path Map(PM) in offline mode. If the prefferd shortest path is blocked by means of some obstraction, there must be another way to reach to the destination which have the weight of minimum among the other possible paths. The algorithm shown in this paper for shortest path, based on Kruskal’s Algorithm, shows the way to find the alternative shortest path and the moving direction of the agent. In this paper, the junction-to-junction connectivity is proposed where the path search is replaced by the node search which minimises the computaional time and hence increases the effectiveness and efficiency in agent moving towards the destination from source and also in its reverse direction.

Study and Design of Smart Embedded Home System Based on Wireless Electric Power Measurement Monitoring System

Home networking means high tech living environment which connect all the information electric appliances in the house with wire/wireless network and providing various services such as remote education, home automation and multimedia to anyone, anytime and anywhere free from boundaries. This thesis have designed and implemented a controlling system which control Embedded Home networking system with smart phone and server. Implemented Embedded home network system design proposed with embedded home node structure, remote smart application system, and home server controlling system. efficiency, safety of the power grid. Real time power measuring and its monitoring are necessary for safe energy supply, in this thesis, suggesting WEMS (Wireless electric power measurement monitoring system). Home node structure consists of intrusion detection, weather control, power control and On/Off control module and modules design proposed to be controlled from home server.

Adaptive radio resource allocation strategy based on density of femtocell

Serious interference and low radio resource utilization exist in femtocell that is also known as Home Node B(HNB) and Home Enhanced Node B(HeNB).To solve these problems,an adaptive radio resource allocation strategy based on the density of femtocell was proposed.The interference between the macrocell and femtocell was suppressed by frequency division,and interference between the femtocell was also suppressed by the reuse of resources and power control,and the Femtocell Access Point(FAP) was configured automatically based on self-organized network.The simulation and performance analysis show that the proposed strategy can maximize the utilization of radio resource,the interference is close to zero and the overall system throughput is increased by 20%.This strategy is especially suitable for intensive femtocell or occasions with radio resource constraints.

Control System of Smart Home Based on Cloud Computing

In the normal Smart home system, the hardware interface and the communication agreement were different from each other, so they cannot be used with a unified interface because the traditional home node was self-designed. An intelligent home control system based on cloud computing was proposed to solve this problem, the redundant processing ability of cloud computing was used, data storage and data analysis capabilities were used, data was collected by wireless ZigBee and transported to the cloud, a variety of protocols, interface and data processing were finished with cloud computing. The problem of disunion interface was solved with cloud computing.

Study and Design of Home Intelligent System Based on Embedded

Home networking means high tech living environment which connect all the information electric appliances in the house with wire/wireless network and providing various services such as remote education, home automation and multimedia to anyone, anytime and anywhere free from boundaries. This thesis have designed and implemented a controlling system which control intelligent Home networking system with smart phone and server. Implemented intelligent home network system design proposed with home node structure, remote smart application system, and home server controlling system. Home node structure consists of intrusion detection, weather control, power control and On/Off control module and modules design proposed to be controlled from home server.

Dynamic Data-Centric Storage for long-term storage in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks

Data-Centric Storage (DCS) appears as a novel information storage and delivery mechanism for Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks in which a rendezvous node (home node) is selected to store and serve all the information of a particular application. However, DCS was not designed to provide long-term data availability. In this paper we present a Dynamic DCS solution to enable a long-term storage system. Dynamic DCS proposes to periodically change home nodes over the time based on periods of fixed duration called epochs. This makes it possible to perform temporal queries to previous home nodes in order to retrieve information from the past. We evaluate our proposal using extensive simulations, and reveal that Dynamic DCS makes sensor events available at least 85 % of the maximum lifetime provided by an optimal (but non practical) solution. Finally, we show that Dynamic DCS could easily adapt its storage performance to the requirements of an application by just tuning the epoch duration.

Exploring complex networks by means of adaptive walkers

Finding efficient algorithms to explore large networks with the aim of recovering information about their structure is an open problem. Here, we investigate this challenge by proposing a model in which random walkers with previously assigned home nodes navigate through the network during a fixed amount of time. We consider that the exploration is successful if the walker gets the information gathered back home, otherwise no data are retrieved. Consequently, at each time step, the walkers, with some probability, have the choice to either go backward approaching their home or go farther away. We show that there is an optimal solution to this problem in terms of the average information retrieved and the degree of the home nodes and design an adaptive strategy based on the behavior of the random walker. Finally, we compare different strategies that emerge from the model in the context of network reconstruction. Our results could be useful for the discovery of unknown connections in large-scale networks.