Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University Research Articles

МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ БЫКОВ ПРИ КРИОКОНСЕРВАЦИИ

The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of the freezing and thawing cycle on the morphofunctional parameters of bull sperm. The study was conducted at Nizhegorodskoe LLC on breeding work in the Kstov municipal District of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, on the basis of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy of the Institute of Biology and Biomedicine of the Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky and the Department of Physiology, Animal Biochemistry and Obstetrics of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. The object of the study is the sperm production of black-and-white bulls. Semen was diluted with sterile BioXcell medium. Native diluted sperm and sperm after deep freezing were studied. Motility and the average speed of sperm movement were analyzed on a sperm analyzer SA-500 from Biola (Russia). To assess the ultrastructure of spermatozoa, a Hitachi SU8220 electron microscope (Japan) was used. Using a laser interference microscope MIM-340 (Russia, Yekaterinburg), the morphology of spermatozoa was studied in real time without fixation or staining. After cryopreservation of the sperm, there was a decrease in the biological usefulness of sperm, which is confirmed by a decrease in motility by 13.77% (p ≤ 0.05) and the average speed of sperm movement by 12.95% (p ≤ 0.05). Using electron and laser interference microscopy, it was shown that the chromatin of thawed spermatozoa was insufficiently condensed and contained fibrils. After cryopreservation, the position of the acrosome was changed in 6.23% (p ≤ 0.05) of sperm, and the shape of the acrosome was changed in 18.64% (p ≤ 0.05) of cells. After freezing and thawing, 7.01% of sperm showed a decrease in head length, 17.90% - a decrease in body length, and 9.53% - a decrease in sperm tail length. The use of modern methods for assessing sperm viability is of great importance for understanding the processes occurring during sperm cryopreservation and allows us to develop ways to improve the quality of sperm du¬ring freezing and thawing.

"Innovative engineering solutions in metallurgy and machine-building blank production": scientific and practical seminar at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University

"Innovative engineering solutions in metallurgy and machine-building blank production": scientific and practical seminar at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ШИНЫ ДЛЯ ПОЛУНАТУРНЫХ ИСПЫТАНИЙ СИСТЕМ АКТИВНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ АВТОМОБИЛЯ

This publication presents the specialists’ experience of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev (NNSTU) in the field of studying the friction-rolling of an automobile wheel on an asphalt surface. Adequate mathematical reproduction of force reactions that occur in the contact patch plays a significant role in modeling vehicle dynamics. Since the fundamental description of this interaction is difficult, in engineering practice the empirical method has become popular, which consists in obtaining an experimental data array with its subsequent trigonometric approximation and systematization. NNSTU specialists have developed a test methodology and carried out full-scale tests using a specialized road tire trailer bench. The experiment was carried out on a dry asphalt pavement with a coefficient of adhesion of about 0.4–0.8 at an ambient temperature of 20 °С. The resulting array of experimental data is processed and presented in the form of a trigonometric digital model PAC 2002. The maximum discrepancy between theoretical and experimental data in absolute value doesn’t exceed 5 %.

Foreign language and practical training of students and graduate students of a non-language university

The problem of the status of a foreign language in the context of actualization of practical training of students and graduate students and increasing demand by employers' professional foreign language competence of graduates of Russian non-language universities were raised. Foreign language for a modern graduate, for example, a technical university, no longer the passing discipline, which not yet so long ago could not remember after receiving a diploma, but an effective tool for solving professional tasks of various types, and often the key to building a professional career. The results of a critical assessment of the current system of foreign language training of students and graduate students in several dozens of non-language universities conducted by the authors of the open documentation laid out on the Internet showed its imperfection in terms of professionalization and led to the conclusion about the need to change primarily with the emphasis on communication. Initious training of students with their future professional activities, and the presence of prerequisites for this. The regulatory and legal framework necessary to conduct changes has already been formed, so the initiative of local changes in the system should manifest themselves on the ground by the universities themselves. The authors of the article describes corrective activities regarding the foreign language training of students of a non-language university related to clarifications or changes in the basic characteristics of education and / or organizational and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of specific educational programs for training students and graduate students of directions 22.03.02 Metallurgy, 22.04.02 Metallurgy and 22.06.01 Material Technologies Department Metallurgical Technologies and Equipment of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev, and already proven its effectiveness. Among them: extension in practical classes in the language as a study within each of the levels and transition from a level on the level of training in the share of foreign language practical training associated with the implementation of students in individual types of work related to future professional activities and aimed at forming, consolidation, development of practical skills and competencies on the profile of the relevant educational program; conducting practical training on optional disciplines of foreign language preparation included in the curriculum is fully in the format of practical training, as well as the organization of practical foreign language preparation within the framework of the production practices of students on the sites of Russian and foreign organizations engaged in the profile of a specific educational program.

Medium-Voltage Distribution Network Parameter Optimization Using a Thyristor Voltage Regulator

The article is devoted to the study of steady-state conditions of a distribution network containing a thyristor voltage regulator. The thyristor voltage regulator (TVR) is a new controlled semiconductor device developed at Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev (NNSTU). The TVR allows the optimization of the parameters of 6–20 kV distribution networks (currents and voltages) by voltage regulation. An analytical calculation of electromagnetic processes of a distribution network with the TVR has been carried out. The verification of the obtained results has been made using a computer simulation. The dependences of the current and power on additional voltage introduced by the TVR under different voltage regulation modes have been obtained. It has been shown that the use of the TVR enables optimal flow distribution to be ensured over the power transmission lines in proportion to their transfer capability when changing load power and its power factor.

Experience in creating and implementing elite project-oriented business educational programs at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev

Experience in creating and implementing elite project-oriented business educational programs at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev

Innovative engineering solutions in metallurgy and blank production of mechanical engineering (based on proceedings of the scientific-practical seminar in Nizhny Novgorod STU named after R.E. Alekseev)

The scientific and practical seminar « Innovative engineering solutions in metallurgy and blanking productions in mechanical engineering» was held on 4. June 2021 at the site of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev. Exchange of views between the participants of the seminar on resource conservation, digitalization in metallurgy and procurement industries of mechanical engineering; ensuring the environmental safety of existing industries; modern methods of welding, heat treatment, the use of new composite and polymer materials, as well as high-tech technologies made it possible to outline new areas of cooperation between universities and industrial enterprises and organizations and once again confirmed their promise.

GNSS-technologies in testing automotive ADAS-system

In this article modern technologies are reviewed, they are used in testing ADAS systems, the principle of which is based on the use of global navigation systems (GNSS) and the using of differential corrections. The specialists of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n. a. R. E. Alekseev have developed a schematic diagram in which Racelogic measuring equipment is used. The performance of the testing system was verified during tests of a bus based on a light commercial vehicle GAZelle Next while simulating the operation of the adaptive cruise control function. In the conclusion, graphs of a number of measured parameters are presented, the nature of the change in time confirms the correct functioning of the measuring equipment. Keywords: GNSS, Glonass, GPS, ADAS, testing, radiocommunication, RTK

Preface

On November 12-13, 2020, the 5th International scientific and practical seminar Mobility of Transport and Technological Vehicles (MTTV) was held at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev, dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the Department Automobiles and Tractors.The conference was organized by Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R. E. Alekseev, LLC InTech and Nizhny Novgorod scientific and practical school of transport snow science.Doctor of technical sciences, Professor Vladimir Belyakov opened the seminar MTTV: “Dear participants of the fifth seminar Mobility of transport and technological vehicles! I am glad to welcome you and wish you fruitful work. This seminar is being held at a difficult time. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are forced to conduct the workshop remotely. I hope this will not interfere with our fruitful work.”List of Committees of MTTV are available in this pdf.

Track snow and swamp-going vehicle with 16 t GVW

The paper handles the relevance problem of all-terrain vehicle utilization to provide for transportation in hard-to-access territories of the Russian Federation. The most advisable is the utilization of track snow and swamp-going vehicle. It has been demonstrated that, for Russian market, the most relevant is the development of vehicles with 4-6 t load capacity. Analyzed was 5901 track snow and swamp-going vehicle developed in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev and “Zavolzhsky Crawler Vehicle Plant” CJSC Demonstrated were better load carrying capacity, soil pressure and motor power performance values compared to the existing similar vehicles. The paper presents the basic specifications.

Development of KORSAK 8x8 small-size all-terrain vehicle design project

The paper presents KORSAK 8x8 Small-Size All-Terrain Vehicle Design Project developed in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev. Performance specifications of the vehicle non-inferior to those of the existing similar vehicles. This all-terrain vehicle has better ergonomics and visibility from the driver seat. The cabin design of the vehicle complies with the requirements of the applicable Codes and can be certified for use in the Russian Federation. For inspection of the aesthetic properties of this all-terrain vehicle, a 1:5-scale dummy was made.

90-th anniversary of the Sci-tech Library of R. E. Alekseev State Technical University in Nizhny Novgorod

The publication coincides with the 90-th anniversary of the Sci-tech Library of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. The history of the Library is described; the Library was established as a result of merging several universities, in particular it comprises the collections of Warsaw Emperor Nickolas II Polytechnic Institute. The Library’s collections have been supporting educational and research activities of the University. The continuing process of collection development is based on modern technologies which meets the user demands.The most recent data on library services, collections and users is provided. The library processes are computer-based; the e-catalog and e-library databases are available. The library collections support the learning process in 1,623 courses and disciplines. The role of the library in the educational process and university’s research programs is emphasized. The library environment has become more comfortable for the users.The Library contributes to cultural and social activities and to students’ personal development and social adaptation, humanistic education of the young adults. Innovative activities are described.The author concludes that the Sci-tech library plays a significant role in educational, research and social processes and offers its users various and relevant information products and services.

University Management System Based On BIM-GIS-Technologies

The work has an information system developed based on GIS and BIM technologies. The component of the geographic information system of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n. a. R.E. Alekseev - information model of the NSTU, built in the REVIT tool environment. The models include a digital terrain model, a three-dimensional model of the educational building and utilities, a library of materials. The features and technology of creating external models of the university are considered. The project is intended for administrative and economic services of the university, decision support for engineering, and economic services. The information system implemented within the framework of this technology will make it possible to determine the optimal parameters for the operation of a building throughout its entire life cycle and take into account aspects such as meeting legal, environmental, and operational requirements. The unique integration of BIM and GIS technologies implements the apparatus for data exchange between BIM and GIS components.

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ РЕАКТОРНОГО КОНТУРА УСТАНОВОК БРС-ГПГ МАЛОЙ И СРЕДНЕЙ МОЩНОСТИ С ТЯЖЕЛЫМ ЖИДКОМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИМ ТЕПЛОНОСИТЕЛЕМ

The analysis and new scientific and technical solutions corresponding to the evolutionary development of low and medium power reactor plants with heavy liquid metal coolants are presented. The analysis was carried out on the basis of experience in the creation and operation of reactor installation with lead-bismuth coolant and research, primarily experimental, performed at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU) in rationale of the small and medium-sized power plants developed at NNSTU reactor installation with horizontal steam generators (BRS-GPG). The paper substantiates the choice of coolant. With the proposed arrangement of the reactor loop, the maximum possible natural circulation is achieved, which significantly increases the safety of reactor installation. The results of studies (simulations) of one of the most potentially dangerous accidents in reactor installation with HLMC - ″large steam generator leak″ can qualitatively reduce the consequences of the accident when using the design of a horizontal steam generator in which the pipe system is placed with minimal burial of pipes under the level of HLMC, which eliminates the flow of water into the reactor core, re-pressurization of the reactor circuit, etc. It is probably advisable to consider the characteristics of the core, analog ary accepted for SVBR or BREST-OD-300. A system is proposed for cooling the reactor and providing the reactor installation shutdown modes, its characteristics are studied and tested at the NSTU stands.

Preparation and carring out of tests to assess the operation modes of a medium-duty cargo vehicle transmission

This article discusses the achievements of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev specialists in the field of medium-duty truck Gazon Next testing in order to determine the engine operation modes and mechanical transmission in conditions close to operational. The latest achievements of measuring technologies for assessing the car performance properties are shown. The experimental characteristics obtained are necessary for the mechanical transmission robotic kit development.

Study of efficiency of a 6x6 all-terrain vehicle in coastal zone

In the paper, we consider relevance of autonomous mobile robotic system (AMRS) for coastal zones monitoring development. AMRS developed in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev is presented. General chassis characteristics are provided. The paper establishes four indicators of mobile chassis power efficiency: tractive force reserve under various operating conditions, tractive force for the certain probability of all soil surfaces, fuel consumption efficiency per 100 km, and the same indicator related to the carried load mass unit. Calculations based on the abovementioned indicators are made for 6x6 chassis, and for the track mover modification. The results show that on sand-gravel and sand roads power efficiency of wheeled chassis is 17-18% higher.

Preface

The Automotive Engineers Association (AAE) is an independent public association which was formed in September 1991. The necessity of such institution was determined by the change in the management structure of the economy of the country in general and the automotive industry in particular. The branch institutes, that generally carried out scientific and technical studies, were weakened or lost. It led to a great need of an organization which provided an opportunity for specialists of various levels and areas to communicate with each other and engage in work together.In October 1990, a constituent conference was held with representatives of 30 organizations, including automobile factories, research institutes, higher education institutions, etc. The Association’s Board and the President were elected in that day. On September 25, 1991, the AAE was registered with the Ministry of Justice of the USSR as an all-Union public organization. In 1992, the AAE was admitted to the International Federation of Automotive Engineering Societies - FISITA. Nowadays, the AAE is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation (CCI RF) and the European Automotive Engineers Community (EAEC). On September 30, 1993, the Association was re-registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation.The 108eth International Technical Scientific Conference of Automotive Engineers Association (AAE) “Intelligent automotive systems: development, research, certification” took place in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NNSTU), Russia, September 25-26, 2019. The main objective of the conference was knowledge exchange, discussion of problems and inspiring cooperation in development, research, production and operation of modern vehicles with intelligent drivers assistant system.

Research of the gear changing process for a medium-tonnage cargo vehicle

One of the promising innovation vectors in the automotive industry is the automation of mechanical manual transmissions, which allows starting, maneuvering and changing gears in an automatic operation mode of the power unit, which ensures a reduction in the total time of the switching process, as well as enhances dynamic qualities and fuel economy of the vehicle. This article deals with the approach of scientists of Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University in the implementation of the project to automate the process of shifting gears of a GAZ medium-tonnage truck.

Experimental studies into the dependences of the axial lead coolant circulation pump performance on the pump straightening device parameters

The paper presents the results of experimental studies into the dependences of the axial pump performance (delivery rate, head, efficiency) in lead coolant on the parameters of the straightening device (SD) installed downstream of the impeller (the SD inlet flow angle and the number of the SD blades with a variable impeller speed change). The studies were performed as applied to the operating conditions of small and medium plants with lead cooled fast neutron reactors with horizontal steam generators (BRS GPG). The designs of such plants are being matured at Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NNSTU). The experiments were conducted on the FT-4 NGTU test bench at the lead coolant temperatures in a range of 440 to 500 °C. The number of the test blades was five and eight, and the SD inlet flow angle was 22, 24, 28, and 32°. The tests were also performed without an SD (with the SD dismantled). The shaft speed of the NSO-01 NGTU pump, with changeable SDs installed into its rotating assembly, was varied in a range of 600 to 1100 rev/min with a step of 100 rev/min. The SD sleeve diameter was 82 mm, the SD blade diameter and height were 213 mm and 80 mm respectively, and the maximum lead coolant flow rate during the studies was up to ~ 1650 t/h. The NSO-01 NGTU pump performance was determined with four changeable straightening devices and with no SD, the pump shaft speed being 600 to 1100 rev/min, as the circulation circuit hydraulic resistance changed owing to the movement of the wedge in the valve installed in it. The tests were performed with the impeller designed and supplied by NNSTU (D = 213 mm, dsl = 82 mm, the blade number is four, and the blade angle is 28°). The obtained results are recommended for use to design axial heavy liquid metal coolant pumps.

Verification of the EUCLID/V2 Code Based on Experiments Involving Destruction of a Liquid Metal Cooled Reactor’s Core Components

The article presents the results obtained from verification of the EUCLID/V2 coupled code developed at the Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is intended for analysis of accident conditions in liquid metal cooled fast reactors. The additional capabilities available in the code in comparison with its first version include, in particular, analysis of individual equipment components in the 3D approximation, consideration of the transport of fission products and corrosion products in the coolant and in the nuclear power plant buildings, and also analysis of severe accidents in a fast reactor. The article presents the code verification results and assessment of its applicability for analysis of accidents involving destruction of fuel pins and the reactor core. The verification was carried out against the data obtained at experimental facilities and from analytic tests. Information about the key experiments used to validate the code is briefly outlined. In particular, data of experiments carried at the Oak Ridge, Argonne, and Sandia National Laboratory, the United States; at the National Nuclear Center of the Kazakhstan Republic; and on the test bench at the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU) in Russia are used. Modules of the coupled code EUCLID/V2 integrated code verification matrix are given. The errors of calculating the parameters most important for analysis of an accident’s consequences evaluated using the EUCLID/V2 code are proven with due regard to the computation and experimental results. The ranges of parameters within which the code has been verified are determined. The uncertainty and sensitivity of computation results are also analyzed based on the results from simulating certain experiments. Factors having the main influence on the computation results are determined. It is shown that the computation results are consistent with the experimental results subject to the input data uncertainty.