To disclose the quantitative relationship between yield and dry matter accumulation in winter wheat, we designed three field experiments to obtain wheat populations with varying sowing date, basic seedlings, amounts of basic fertilizers, date and quantity of topdressed nitrogen fertilizer, irrigation amounts before wintering, amounts and date of irrigation after regreening of wheat in 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 growing seasons. Dry matter accumulation before wintering was represented by dry weight per plant and total stem and tiller numbers at prewintering stage, while dry matter after wintering was described by the Logistic curve characteristics based on relative accumulated temperature (R GDDi ). The grain yield and yield components of winter wheat were closely related to characteristic parameters such as maximum rate of dry matter accumulation and two inflection points in the curve for dry matter accumulation rate. Paired-sample t-test was used to validate the models established, and no significant difference was observed between the simulated and observed values. The results indicate that the Logistic model is able to describe the process of dry matter accumulation and the formation of grain yield and its components in winter wheat. The models established can be used in analysis of population regulation in winter wheat.