Role In Nigeria Research Articles

Learning from Educational Impediments

Education serves as a crucial foundation for the advancement and prosperity of any nation, shaping individuals, empowering communities, and fostering economic growth. Nevertheless, educational systems are vulnerable to disruption caused by conflicts and violence, resulting in significant consequences for students, teachers, and educational institutions. This study examines the educational impediments faced in Tigray from the Ethiopian-Tigray conflict, the potential lessons that Nigeria can learn and strategies Nigeria should implement to mitigate these challenges. The study employed a qualitative method using case study research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select twelve interview participants for the primary data, while secondary data were collected from scholarly publications, journals, articles, and online materials. The findings revealed common obstacles encountered by Ethiopia's educational sector, including disrupted access to schooling, displacement of students and teachers, infrastructure damage, loss of learning resources, and psychological trauma among students. These challenges significantly hindered the provision of quality education and impeded progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in education. This study concludes that education plays a vital role in Nigeria's economic growth and political stability, and by drawing upon Ethiopia's experiences recommends Nigeria to enhance its resilience and preparedness in similar crises, such as strengthening emergency education response mechanisms, investing in inclusive and community-driven education, bolstering infrastructure resilience, and prioritising psychosocial support for affected students among others.

Environmental Impact of Cassava Processing Waste on Soil Quality in Benue South, Nigeria

Cassava processing plays a critical role in Nigeria’s agricultural sector, but it generates substantial waste that poses environmental risks, particularly to soil quality. This study investigates the environmental impact of cassava processing waste on soil quality in Benue South, Nigeria, focusing on the accumulation of cyanide, heavy metals, phosphates, and nitrates. The study was conducted across three Local Government Areas—Otukpo, Ohimini, and Okpokwu—using soil samples collected at varying depths from cassava processing effluent discharge points. Analytical methods included colorimetry for cyanide detection and atomic absorption spectroscopy for heavy metal analysis. The findings reveal significant contamination by heavy metals, particularly lead, and elevated cyanide levels near processing sites, highlighting the adverse effects of cassava waste on soil health. Phosphate and nitrate concentrations were also assessed, indicating potential risks to soil fertility and groundwater quality. The results underscore the urgent need for improved waste management practices in cassava processing communities to mitigate environmental degradation. This research contributes valuable baseline data for future interventions aimed at promoting sustainable cassava processing and waste utilization, with potential benefits for both environmental health and rural economies.

The role of Nigeria in the regional integration process in west Africa (1975 - 2023): Case study of Ecowas

This paper examines Nigeria's role in the regional integration process in West Africa through the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) from 1975 to 2023. Nigeria's significant economic, political, and military influence in the region has positioned it as a key player in ECOWAS. This study explores Nigeria's contributions, challenges, and the impact of its policies on regional integration. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary data, this paper provides insights into Nigeria's leadership and its implications for regional stability and development. The findings from the study revealed Nigeria's pivotal role in the regional integration process in West Africa through ECOWAS. Nigeria's economic strength, political leadership, and security contributions have been instrumental in shaping the trajectory of ECOWAS. The country's efforts in promoting economic integration, mediating conflicts, and supporting peacekeeping missions have significantly contributed to regional stability and development. However, the analysis also highlights several challenges that have impacted Nigeria's role. Economic vulnerabilities, domestic political instability, and regional rivalries have occasionally hindered Nigeria's ability to lead effectively. Addressing these challenges is crucial for Nigeria to sustain its leadership role and for ECOWAS to achieve its integration objectives.

The Role of International Cooperation in Sustainable Development in Nigeria: An Overview

Sustainable development in Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is an urgent priority due to the interplay of rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and socio-economic challenges. Nigeria has adopted global frameworks such as the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and various partnerships, including those with the African Union (AU), the Organization of African Unity (OAU), the World Bank, and the World Health Organization (WHO), to address these concerns. International cooperation has played a pivotal role in Nigeria’s development by facilitating technical expertise and financial support across critical sectors like agriculture, health, energy, and environmental management. This paper employs the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (UNSDCF) and Results-Based Management (RBM) to analyze how such collaboration has driven progress and highlights the challenges Nigeria faces in achieving sustainable development, including governance issues, over-exploitation of natural resources, and poverty. While international partnerships have catalyzed efforts toward Nigeria’s development goals, significant gaps remain that require attention, such as corruption, environmental degradation, and inadequate infrastructure.

Can technology in terms of finance, environment, and communication boost food production while facilitating a low-carbon transition? Evidence from a high-tech and low-tech state

The need to revamp the food system to combat climate change is growing. This initiative faces a major challenge: redesigning the agricultural system to increase food production (FOP) and attain sustainable development objectives simultaneously. Information and communication technologies (ICT), financial innovations, and environmental technology define a global community of shared futures, making it essential to consider whether these technologies can equally “enhance food production and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions” in agriculture in high-tech and low-tech states. The study examined the direct and indirect effects of these technologies on food production in China and Nigeria using the ARDL model. We controlled for climate factors such as precipitation, agricultural emissions, and temperature, plus agricultural factors like fertilizer consumption and land use. The findings indicate the following: 1) Financial innovation has a dual effect of increasing food production and decreasing agricultural emissions in both states. 2) Environmental technology lessens agricultural emissions in China but confirmed a dual role in Nigeria. 3) ICT directly increases (decreases) food production in China (Nigeria) as well as harms environmental quality in both states. The study found positive impact of land use, fertilizer consumption, and temperature on food production. Moreover, causality outcomes confirm the agricultural sector's environmental impact. To promote sustainable agriculture, the research suggested government and financial institutions lease agriculture machinery and offer internet based interest-free financing.

A legal and regulatory compliance framework for maritime operations in Nigerian oil companies

The maritime sector plays a critical role in Nigeria's oil industry, serving as the primary conduit for offshore oil exploration, production, and transportation. As the country remains heavily reliant on its oil revenues, ensuring that maritime operations comply with legal and regulatory standards is crucial for operational safety, environmental sustainability, and economic stability. This review outlines a comprehensive legal and regulatory compliance framework for maritime operations in Nigerian oil companies, focusing on the roles of key regulatory bodies such as the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR), the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA), and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA). It explores major laws such as the Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act, Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act, highlighting their implications for offshore drilling, oil transportation, and environmental protection. Additionally, the review discusses the compliance challenges Nigerian oil companies face, including environmental risks, maritime security threats, jurisdictional conflicts, and the technical demands of adhering to safety standards. To address these challenges, the study emphasizes the need for regular audits, technology integration, capacity building, and collaborative engagements between oil companies and regulatory authorities. Through case studies on oil spill response and the enforcement of cabotage laws, the review underscores the importance of robust regulatory enforcement to ensure safety, mitigate environmental damage, and enhance operational efficiency. This framework is essential for the future growth of Nigeria’s oil sector, balancing economic gains with legal compliance and sustainability in maritime operations.

A model for standardizing Nigerian SMEs: Enhancing competitiveness through quality control

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in Nigeria's economic development, contributing significantly to employment, innovation, and gross domestic product (GDP). However, Nigerian SMEs face persistent challenges that hinder their growth and global competitiveness, particularly a lack of standardisation and inadequate quality control. This review proposes a comprehensive model for standardizing Nigerian SMEs, focusing on enhancing competitiveness through robust quality control mechanisms. The model is built on four key components: the development of a sector-specific quality control framework, government and institutional support, technology integration, and collaboration within SME clusters. By implementing industry-specific standards and providing training programs, SMEs can align their products and services with global benchmarks, increasing their potential for international market penetration. The model emphasizes the need for government incentives and regulatory bodies to foster adoption while encouraging the use of digital tools to monitor quality in real-time. Additionally, public-private partnerships are recommended to drive technology transfer, making quality control more affordable and accessible. The proposed model also promotes collaboration among SMEs through networking and knowledge sharing, enabling small businesses to adopt best practices collectively. Pilot programs in sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing are suggested to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the model. This review argues that adopting this standardized quality control model will significantly enhance the competitiveness of Nigerian SMEs, reducing barriers to growth, and facilitating economic development. The success of this initiative relies on coordinated efforts from government, industry associations, and SMEs themselves. Keywords: Nigerian SMEs, Competitiveness, Quality control, Economic Development.

Navigating Climate Change and Sustainability Solutions: Nigeria's Role in International Environmental Law

Over the past three decades, the world has witnessed multidimensional impacts of climate change, thus emphasizing the critical urgency for climate action, and promoting sustainability. Africa is reported to disproportionately suffer the consequences of climate change. These consequences such as flooding; droughts and rising temperatures require the adoption of an environmental foreign policy to foster environmental sustainability and cross-sectoral climate resilience. As Africa’s most populous nation and second-largest oil producer significant to global oil supply, Nigeria occupies a unique and distinct position in the global climate discourse. However, despite credibly being a signatory to international bodies such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Nigeria needs an effective environmental foreign policy to attain the globally desired sustainability and climate resilience. Therefore, this paper delves into Nigeria’s commitment to international environmental law of key international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, in response to the threatening climate change crisis. The paper recognizes Nigeria as a leading contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Africa, driving it to develop some national environmental policies that support renewable energy production and sustainability. However, most of the policies seem ineffective. This is because the country needs help with challenges ranging from political interference, corruption, unrealistic emission targets, overreliance on fossil fuels, and other socioeconomic factors. The study highlights the potential of Nigeria, the giant of Africa, in leading regional climate negotiations by localizing international environmental foreign policy and developing a strengthened legal framework to guide the African continent to sustainable development. The perspective of this paper is to encourage Nigeria to meet its sustainability objectives while fulfilling its international environmental obligations by exploring its abundant renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and hydropower

Transparency and public accountability: Does the Nigerian extractive industries transparency initiative deliver?

The extractive industries play a pivotal role in Nigeria's economy, yet it has been riddled with allegations of corrupt practices involving revenue transfers from operations to the government. To increase transparency and ensure public engagement, the Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) introduced the National Stakeholder Working Group (NSWG) as a mechanism to ensure public accountability and civil society organisations (CSOs) as the public interlocuter. To navigate this complex arrangement and critically evaluate its effectiveness, we adopt Boven's (2007) understanding of public accountability. We conclude that while NSWG provides oversight, the NEITI reporting process provides transparency, and the CSOs enable public accountability, these objectives are constrained by a challenging social and regulatory environment.

Towards Effective Healthcare Delivery: An Assessment of Public Perception of Pharmacist’s Role in Nigeria

Towards Effective Healthcare Delivery: An Assessment of Public Perception of Pharmacist’s Role in Nigeria

Enhancing Economic Equity: Unionization's Role in Nigeria's Oil and Gas Workforce

The Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act 2010, aims to promote the patronage of Nigerian products and services by industry operators. The NUPENG and PENGASSAN oil unions in Nigeria have an impact on labour regimes and union power. Local employees in the oil and gas sector are heavily supported by unions. This study investigates the impact of unionization on economic equity within Nigeria's oil and gas workforce. Qualitative research design was adopted. The result of the findings show that Higher Wages and Better Benefits and Improved Working Conditions are among the leading benefits of unionization with mean values of 4.9 and 4.8 respectively. A positive correlation relationship exists between union and wages of labourers/staff, with result of coefficient of determination (R2) given as 0.622983 which implies that 62.37% of the stability of labourers’ wages is explained as a result of union strength. An authoritarian work environment and “Right-to-work” laws are among the barriers of joining unions by staff members of organizations. The research recommends strengthening union capacity, promoting collaboration, policy reforms, and local content in Nigeria's oil and gas industry, improving legislation, supporting SMEs, and promoting transparency and accountability. Keywords: Gas Industry, Industry operators, Oil and Gas workforce, Nigeria Oil, Unionization

On Some Demographic Structures and Economic Growth in Nigeria (2003–2022)

Effective development planning necessitates the integration of sound social and economic planning strategies. In Nigeria, demographic and population data play a crucial role in shaping these plans. This research investigates the impact of demographic structure on the country's economy, with a specific focus on key characteristics such as population size, birth rate, mortality rate, growth rate, GDP growth rate, and fertility rate. The study analyzes demographic features alongside GDP growth rate data spanning from 2003 to 2022. The findings reveal a robust correlation between birth rates and GDP growth, indicating that population dynamics significantly influence economic development. Additionally, positive relationships are identified between death rates and GDP growth, underscoring the impact of mortality issues on economic outcomes. The regression model demonstrates that demographic factors collectively mold Nigeria's economic growth trajectory, shedding light on the intricate dynamics between demography and economic development. Through time series analysis, the model exhibits low errors and high explanatory power. However, residual analysis highlights serial association, emphasizing the temporal demographic effects on economic growth. Ultimately, the study underscores the potential contributions of demographic characteristics to Nigeria's economy. Policymakers and economists keen on leveraging demographic shifts for economic advancement will find valuable insights in this research. As demographic considerations increasingly play a pivotal role in Nigeria's economic growth, strategic planning and decision-making must take these factors into account.

Application of e-governance in service delivery: A study of Federal Inland Revenue Service

The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) plays a pivotal role in Nigeria's fiscal landscape, responsible for collecting revenue through various taxes, including income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and corporate tax, among others. Historically, tax administration in Nigeria was marked by inefficiencies, corruption, and a lack of transparency. However, the adoption of egovernance as an important tool used in the delivery of government services to the people by leveraging It is based on this, that this study explores the application of e-governance in the Federal Inland Revenue. The study was a documentary research. Some challenges uncovered by the research include the digital divide, inadequate technology infrastructure, lack of digital literacy, cyber security threats, organizational culture, and lack of enabling legislation were discovered. In conclusion, the application of e-governance in the Federal Inland Revenue Service of Nigeria has revolutionized the nation's tax administration. It has enhanced efficiency, transparency, and revenue collection while improving taxpayer satisfaction. As Nigeria continues its journey toward digital transformation, e-governance in the FIRS stands as a testament to the positive impact of technology on governance. The paper, therefore, recommends that the government should improve internet infrastructure and access and that digital literacy programmes should be promoted to ensure the sustainability and inclusivity of e-governance initiatives .

Empirical Studies in Communication for Development in Nigeria: The Global View

Purpose: Communication is a vital catalyst for development, especially amidst global societal changes specifically in Nigeria. Engaging individuals actively becomes crucial for societal advancement, necessitating their awareness, involvement, and capacity-building for effective development programs. Establishing robust communication channels between the populace and the government is imperative. This paper examines empirical studies on communication for development within Nigeria and globally, emphasizing its pivotal role in progress and its impact on Nigeria’s socio-economic growth. It explores global perspectives on communication’s inherent advantages in fostering development and highlights challenges hindering the government’s use of communication for national development. Additionally, it analyzes communication for development’s influence on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), exploring communication tools used and barriers to their optimal achievement within set time frames. Design/Methodology & Approach: Using comprehensive contextual analysis, this study rigorously reviews publications, textbooks, and pertinent online resources. Findings: Communication significantly contributes to MDGs but faces persistent challenges such as insurgencies, insecurity, literacy gaps, ethnic diversity, and inadequate political will. Addressing these hurdles is crucial for maximizing communication’s developmental benefits. Implications: Neglecting these challenges and failing to fully embrace communication for development in Nigeria will impede anticipated national progress. Originality/Value: This paper underscores communication’s critical role in Nigeria and global development, essential for rapid societal advancement. Paper Type: Conceptual research.

Effect of Heavy Vehicles on Road Pavement and Implication on the Environment in North Central Nigeria

Transport infrastructure plays a crucial role in Nigeria’s economic development, mobility and environmental sustainability. Road pavement facilitates the movement of vehicles and ensure safe and efficient transportation of goods, services and people across the country. The study was conducted on Asa-dam Road Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, primary source of data and random sampling techniques was employed to select 150 respondents. Findings from the study revealed that potholes, depression of the road surface and other road failures are caused by heavy vehicles. Majority of respondents (96.7%) perceived highest level of major damage are caused by heavy vehicles of 50 tons above while 45.3% perceived minor damage and 34.7% perceived medium damage by heavy vehicles of less than 30 tons. P-value of 0.000 is below the conventional threshold of p<0.05. R value of 0.892 with R2 value of 0.795 implied a strong and positive relationship exist between inadequate road pavement and the environment which increases vehicle maintenance cost, travel time and pollution. F-ratio value of 140.832 was statistically significant. The study concluded that heavy vehicles have significant effect on road pavement damage as a result of the weight and of goods they carry therefore affecting the environment. However, it is recommended that the current road pavement be scrapped and new layer of asphalt be laid to cater for heavy vehicle traffic while government should do more routine and periodic maintenance of the road pavement.

The Effect of Religious Conflicts on Nigerian Economy: The Way Forward.

This study looks at how disputes sparked by religious convictions affect Nigeria’s economic growth. It draws attention to the reality that religion plays a significant role in Nigeria, where Christianity and Islam are the two most popular faiths. This study looks at the effects of religiously motivated conflicts on Nigerian economic development. It underlines the significance of faith or religion n Nigeria, Christianity and Islam are the predominant religions. It contends that, while each of these religions preaches peace, differences over practice among believers are a permanent feature of national life, threatening peace and progress and depriving Nigeria of the necessary economic development. The paper employed descriptive analysis and a library research methodology. It observes that Nigeria is a secular state, thus religious influence is unnecessary. The research finds that long-term growth is only conceivable if the underlying causes of religious conflict, which are often driven by religious prejudice, are addressed. It observes that secularism’s deemphasis has resulted in religion having an undue impact on the nation; thus, it proposes focusing less on religion to reduce disputes. To reduce violence, it also encourages religious harmony through conversation, as well as an emphasis on human rights and the constitutional right to worship freely.

Energy Diplomacy and Strategic Engagements: Nigeria's role in Shaping the Global Energy Landscape.

In an ever-evolving global energy landscape driven by climate change and technological advancements, Nigeria stands at a pivotal crossroads. Historically reliant on its abundant oil and gas reserves, the nation now confronts the imperative to diversify its energy mix while skillfully navigating the complex realm of international energy diplomacy. These challenges and opportunities demand a strategic response.The urgency to address these issues cannot be overstated, considering Nigeria's pivotal role on the African continent and its significant influence on the world's energy markets. Failing to adapt not only jeopardizes Nigeria's energy security and economic stability but also undermines global endeavours to achieve sustainable energy solutions.This study scrutinizes three critical facets of Nigeria's energy landscape: firstly, how its historically oil-centric sector adapts to the evolving energy era; secondly, the transformative impacts emerging from Nigeria's growing investments in renewable energy; and finally, how Nigeria's participation in international energy diplomacy aligns with global energy security and sustainability objectives.Drawing on Nigeria as a case study, data from diverse documentary sources such, including government policies and scholarly inputs, are analyzed within the framework of Complex Interdependence Theory.The findings underscore Nigeria's dual role—confronting challenges in its oil and gas sector while embracing opportunities in renewable energy. Recommendations include a swift transition to renewables, robust infrastructure, enhanced security measures, and strategic partnerships. These actions align with global sustainability goals and uphold the principles of complex interdependence in the global energy arena.

The Mediating Role of Institutional Quality on the Nexus between Oil Price Fluctuations and Current Account Deficits in Nigeria: A nonlinear ARDL Approach

The paper employs a NARDL to analyze the degree of asymmetry in the relationship between current account and oil price, with a mediating effect of the institutional role in Nigeria. The series employed in the study are obtained largely from the database of World Bank’s (WDI), and covers 1981 to 2021. In conclusions, we found that any form of shocks in oil price and nominal exchange rate exert significant impact on the country’s current account balances both in the short run and long run in Nigeria. In addition, poor institutional quality in the oil industry such as corruption, poor regulatory frameworks, hinders the country from fully optimizing the benefits associated with increasing global oil prices. Finally, a long run asymmetry is discovered in the nexus of current account-oil price with mediating role of institutions in Nigeria. Thus, we recommend that the PIA should be implemented carefully and strategically in an effort to remove all undue bottlenecks and bureaucracies to support Nigeria's economic growth through attracting in and providing investment possibilities for both domestic and international investors, and thereby enhances the current account balance.
 
 Received: 18 August 2023 / Accepted: 27 October 2023 / Published: 5 November 2023

Rice Yield Forecasting: A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms

Agriculture plays a crucial role in Nigeria's economy, serving as a vital source of sustenance and livelihood for numerous Nigerians. With the escalating impact of climate change on crop yields, it becomes imperative to develop models that can effectively study and predict rice output under varying climatic conditions. This study collected rice yield data from Katsina state, spanning the years 1970 to 2017, sourced from the Nigeria Bureau of Statistics. Additionally, climatic data for the same period were obtained from the World Bank Climate Knowledge portal. Logistic Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), Random Trees (RT), and Naïve Bayes (NB) were employed to develop rice yield prediction models utilizing this dataset. The findings reveal that random forest and random trees exhibited superior classification performance for yield prediction. The developed models offer a promising tool for predicting future rice yields, facilitating proactive measures to ensure food security for the people of the state.

IMPACT Of LEATHER & LEATHER PRODUCTS IN NIGERIAN ECONOMIC GROWH AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

The production and sale of leather products have played a significant role in Nigeria’s economic growth and business development. However, the industry faces challenges such as inconsistent policies, infrastructure deficiencies, and the need for technological upgrades also the study is designed to access the importance roles of leather products to economic growth and development. The results of the research findings showed that availabilities of tanneries should be discouraged foreign products and encourage patronizing made in Nigeria leather products, and diversification of the leather products and leather goods which is the second command revenue to Nigeria economy. Use of locally available materials for income generation, and solving unemployment among the teeming youths aim of the study, hides and skin conversion into leather product will lead to economy development of Nigeria. There’re needs for both public and private partnership in order to encourage leather and leather product improvement, technical and extension support to development an effective system in leather processing and to finishing stage. Generally, the leather and leather products industry play a prominent role in the world’s economy. UNIDO estimated that world leather export is dominated by developing countries while developed countries dominate export of Finished Leather Products. Global estimate of leather production is about 23 billion square foot annually. Asia accounts for about 57 percent of heavy leather production and 44 percent of light leather production. Europe accounts for 17 percent and 24 percent of global heavy leather and light leather production, respectively while Africa contributes the least accounting for one per cent of heavy leather and 4 percent of light leather production.