New Record For Brazil Research Articles

Peixes de afluentes do Rio Branco, Município de Caracaraí, Estado de Roraima, norte do Brasil

Abstract The Amazon has the richest freshwater ichthyofauna of the planet, with tens of new species being described annually. Although studies on Amazonian fish in the literature are increasingly common recently, there are still significant gaps concerning primary data on the ichthyofauna. One such gap is the state of Roraima and its main drainage, Rio Branco. There is a single book published in 2007 on fishes of Rio Branco, and although it presents a rather complete list of over 580 species known until then, the information is now a little outdated and many species found in some of its affluents are not listed in the book. Due to the scarcity of published data on the fish diversity of Roraima and taking into account that ichthyofaunal surveys are important tools towards freshwater conservation, we carried out an inventory of the ichthyofauna in the region of Caracaraí (RR) in 18 sampling sites including seven affluents of both left and right margins of Rio Branco. We recorded a total of 64 species of 41 genera and 18 families of five orders that occur in the Neotropical region, representing more than 11% of the species previously registered in the book for the entire Rio Branco basin. Twelve species were added to the list presented in the book, with four representing first records for the basin, one of them a new record for Brazil. Two of the 64 species are putative new taxa in need of further taxonomic studies. The order with the highest diversity was Characiformes (40 species), with highlights for the family Characidae (24 of these species), followed by Cichliformes (11 species) and Siluriformes (9 species). The richest collecting sites had 23 species, and the least rich site had only two species. Hyphessobrycon bentosi and Nannostomus marginatus occurred in more than 60% of the sites. There has been a significant difference in the exclusive ichthyofauna from affluents of both margins of Rio Branco, with the number of exclusive species in left margin tributaries approximately five times higher. Results presented herein complement data from the literature regarding the still poorly known ichthyofauna from Roraima.

Streblid flies parasitizing cave bats in Carajás, Amazonia, with a new record for Brazil

ABSTRACT Streblid flies (Diptera: Streblidae) are hematophagous and highly specialized parasitic insects, found only on bats (Chiroptera). Caves are important roosts for bats but, despite harboring high bat richness, relatively few studies exist on the ecology and biology of streblid flies in cave environments, especially in Amazonia, the largest domain in northern Brazil, with >140 bat species and thousands of caves. To fill some of the gaps in the geographical distribution and interspecific relationships for streblid flies in the region, we sampled bats in six caves in Carajás National Forest, a protected area in Pará state (Brazil). Thirteen of the 14 streblid species found are new records for Carajás, with three new records for Pará state and two for the northern region of Brazil. Nycterophilia fairchildi was recorded for the first time in Brazil. Most streblids had host-specific behavior, however, N. fairchildi, Trichobius caecus, and T. johnsonae were less host-specific, parasitizing different Pteronotus bat species. The gregarious behavior of Pteronotus species and the spatial distribution of their colonies within the caves may be important factors in the flies’ exchange among congener hosts and deserve special attention in future studies. Furthermore, studies on ecological interaction networks between bats and their ectoparasitic flies in caves will be useful for a broader understanding of how this relationship is structured over time and space, as well as its impact on both bats and flies.

Checklist of polypores (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) reveals seventeen new records in Brazilian Atlantic Forest fragments at the Poços de Caldas Plateau, Minas Gerais

Abstract This is the first survey of macrofungi carried out at the Poços de Caldas Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil, an area of high biological importance according to the Ministry of Environment. The survey of polypores was performed monthly, from June/2018 to May/2019 in ten transects (200 m² each) distributed in fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a montane seasonal semideciduous forest. Two orders, 8 families, 21 genera, and 23 species were identified, of which one is a new record for Brazil, Tropicoporus drechsleri, and 16 are new records for the state of Minas Gerais. A list of species is included in this study, as well as illustrations for the new records, a key for taxonomic identification, and remarks on the distribution of the recorded species. The study also includes annotations about substrate, taxonomy discussion, and a full description of the new record for the country.

Synopsis of Anomobryum and Bryum (Bryaceae, Bryophyta) in Brazil

Bryaceae is a species-rich moss family comprising ten genera and 660 species, with four genera and 54 species occurring in Brazil. Bryum is the largest genus, with 440 cosmopolitan species, while Anomobryum comprises 47 cosmopolitan species. Identifying taxa in Bryaceae is usually a difficult task, mainly due to the lack of the sporophyte in herborized specimens. This study aimed to provide a taxonomic treatment for the species of Anomobryum and Bryum in Brazil. Field expeditions were performed in all Brazilian biomes and States, with specimens deposited in the SP herbarium. We examined type specimens and collections from national and international herbaria, but mostly from the SP herbarium. Two species of Anomobryum and 18 species of Bryum were recorded for Brazil. Twenty species occur in the Atlantic Forest, with Bryum pallescens, Anomobryum conicum and A. julaceum being exclusives. Bryum pallescens is a new record for Brazil, and B. riparioides is a reestablished name also endemic to Brazil. We present the first description of the sexuality of Bryum renauldii. Ten taxa of doubtful occurrence and 20 excluded names for Bryum were reported for Brazil.

Megalopodidae (Insecta, Coleoptera): new occurrence and host plant records for Brazil

The Brazilian Megalopodidae fauna consists of 147 species from 11 genera, of which Mastostethus Lacordaire is the most diverse, representing about half of the species. Nevertheless, knowledge about species distributions and their relationships with host plants is still scarce. Since this group has endophytic immatures and bore into branches, they are economically important as they mainly damage Solanaceae species. Thus, this study sought to determine the Megalopodidae species that occur in forest fragments of southwestern and western Paraná and associate them with their host plants. For this purpose, we used material collected with Malaise traps and active manual sampling to determine associations with host plants. A total of 170 specimens of 11 species were sampled, of which Pseudhomalopterus carinatus Pic, 1920 was the most abundant and collected in all fragments. Four species were sampled exclusively through manual collections and associated with their host plants, all of which were new association records for Brazilian megalopodides. Mastostethus pantherinus Lacordaire, 1845 was associated with an Asteraceae for the first time. Additionally, Mastostethus minutus Monrós, 1947 is a new record for Brazil.

Diversity of the Ant Genus Neoponera Emery, 1901 (Formicidae: Ponerinae) in the north of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with new Records of Occurrence

Composed of two main forest formations, Ombrophilous Forest and Seasonal Forest, the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome is constituted currently by a mosaic of forest remnants and secondary vegetation. Representatives of the Ponerinae ant genus Neoponera are observed mainly in both wet and seasonally dry forests. The aim of this study was to approach the diversity of the genus Neoponera in the north of the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (from the extreme north of its distribution to the Doce River hydrographic basin in the south), associating the occurrence of ant species with the types of vegetation. We have compiled occurrence data from the collection of the Myrmecology Laboratory of the Cocoa Research Center, on internet, or available in literature. We found information on 23 species of Neoponera, including a new record for the Atlantic Forest, Neoponera globularia (Mackay & Mackay, 2010), and a new record for Brazil, Neoponera fiebrigi Forel, 1912. The relative composition of the Neoponera assemblages was evaluated according to the types of vegetation. We found that the occurrence of the genus Neoponera is mainly related to the types of vegetation of the focus region, principally dense forests where a higher diversity was observed.

Updated checklist of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the state of Piauí, Northeast Brazil, including a new species and new geographical records.

Some regions, such as the Northeast Region of Brazil, are still severely understudied and the trichopteran fauna of this region is not entirely known, mainly in areas from Cerrado and Caatinga biomes. Currently, 25 species have been reported from Piauí State, but most of these records are concentrated from one locality. This study aimed to update the knowledge of Trichoptera diversity in this state, including the description of a new species and new geographic records for the Northeast region and Brazil. The samples were collected in seven municipalities, using various traps. Specimens were also received from the municipality of Bom Jesus. Thirty-two species were added for Trichoptera fauna of Piauí, 14 of these represent new records for Northeast Brazil; furthermore, Neotrichia palma Flint 1982 is a new record for Brazil. Additionally, a new species, Cernotina longa sp. nov., is describe and illustrate, being the third nominal record of the genus for the Caatinga biome. Thus, with the contribution of this study, 57 species, 20 genera and seven families of caddisflies are known for Piauí State.

Flora of Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco (Brazil): Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. and Onagraceae Juss

Lythraceae comprises about 30 genera and 600 species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, while Onagraceae comprises 22 genera and about 660 species distributed in temperate and subtropical areas, predominantly in Americas. The aim of this work was to realize the taxonomic study of Lythraceae and Onagraceae species from Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco (Brazil), an Atlantic forest remnant. Fieldworks and visits to herbaria HST, HUEFS, IPA, JPB, PEUFR and UFP were conducted between 2018 and 2019. Three Lythraceae species were recognized: Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr., C. flava Spreg. and Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne, and three Onagraceae species: Ludwigia erecta (L.) H. Hara, L. hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell and L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven. Rotala ramosior is a new record for Brazil. Morphological descriptions, an identification key, phenological period, geographic distribution, taxonomic notes, photographs and illustrations of diagnostic characters are presented herein. The relevant morphological characters for species identification are phyllotaxy, indumentum of stems, shape and indumentum of leaves, petals color and apex, capsule shape, seeds arrangement and raphe size.

<p><strong>Lectotypifications, new synonyms and new occurrences of <em>Dalechampia</em> L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil</strong></p>

Three new occurrences of Dalechampia are reported, D. brownsbergensis, D. attenuistylus and D. heterobractea, of which one is a new record for Brazil. Dalechampia uleana and D. brevipedunculata are synonymized. The holotype of D. hastata is updated and lectotypes are designated for D. juruana. For the names D. cujabensis and D. magnoliifolia, a second-step lectotype are respectively designated. Morphologically similar taxa and the geographic distribution of each species are discussed. Recommendations for updating the list of Euphorbiaceae species for the Flora of Brazil 2020 project are also provided.

Description of the female of Spodochlamys marahuaca Jameson & Ratcliffe, 2011 (Melolonthidae, Rutelinae, Anatistini) and additional records for the Brazilian species of the genus

ABSTRACT The previously unknown female of Spodochlamys marahuaca Jameson & Ratcliffe, 2011 is described and illustrated for the first time based on two specimens collected in the region of the Juruá River, Amazonas state, Brazil. The specimens constitute a new record for Brazil. The identification key for species of Spodochlamys is updated, as well as the geographic distribution of the other two Brazilian species, S. caesarea Burmeister and S. iheringi Ohaus.

Species of Lamiinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with new geographic records.

A list of species of Lamiinae (Cerambycidae) collected in Iguaçu National Park (PNI) during the period from March 2012 to December 2015, using different collection methods, is provided. A total of 134 species were sampled, all recorded for the first time in the PNI and including 38 new distribution records for the state of Paraná, and one new record for Brazil. The geographic distribution and material examined are stated for each species. Each new record also accompanied by an illustration of the species.

DESCRIPTION OF <i>PARASECIA FERNANDAE</i> SP.N. (TROMBIDIFORMES: TROMBICULIDAE) AND NEW RECORDS OF CHIGGERS FROM RODENTS IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL

In this article, we describe a new species of chiggers, Parasecia fernandae sp.n., and report the presence of Arisocerus hertigi (Brennan et Jones, 1964), Eutrombicula goeldii (Oudemans, 1910), Microtrombicula brachytrichia Brennan, 1971, Parasecia manueli (Brennan et Jones, 1960), Quadraseta brasiliensis Goff et Gettinger, 1989 and Serratacarus dietzi Goff et Whitaker, 1984, for the first time in Rio de Janeiro State. P. manueli is a new record for Brazil. All of these species of chiggers were found parasitizing Nectomys squamipes (Brants, 1827). Besides that, A. hertigi was found on Oxymycterus sp., and S. dietzi—on Cerradomys subflavus (Wagner, 1842).

Pterocladiella (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species of Brazil including morphological studies of Pterocladiella media and a reassessment of Pterocladiella taylorii

:Seven species of the economically important agarophyte genus Pterocladiella were previously reported from Brazil: P. australafricanensis, P. bartlettii, P. beachiae, P. caerulescens, P. capillacea, P. sanctarum and P. taylorii. Only P. australafricanensis, P. bartlettii, P. beachiae and P. capillacea were previously confirmed by molecular data. This study surveyed Pterocladiella species from Brazil using both morphological and molecular analyses. DNA bar coding and phylogenetic analyses were carried out with mitochondrial COI-5P and plastid rbcL markers. Both molecular and morphological data confirmed the presence of five species in Brazil: P. australafricanensis, P. bartlettii, P. beachiae, P. capillacea and a new record of P. media. Pterocladiella beachiae and P. bartlettii are common intertidal species along Brazilian coasts, and they were the only species found along the northeast coast. The diversity of Pterocladiella species on southeast coasts is higher, and all species were found there. The presence of P. beachiae and P. australafricanensis, which are cryptic species within the P. caerulescens species complex, suggests that the latter may not be present in Brazil. Previously reported P. caerulescens specimens problaby represent P. beachiae because it was widespread along the Brazilian coast and P. australafricanensis was rare. Pterocladiella capillacea was common but restricted to the southeast coast. Pterocladiella taylorii is a synonym of P. bartlettii based on morphological features and molecular data. Pterocladiella media is a new record for Brazil, and the first detailed morphological study of reproductive specimens in this species was made.

Revision of Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) sect. Luzuliformes

Rhynchospora sect. Luzuliformis is one of the 28 sections of the genus proposed by Kukenthal, the last taxonomist to have studied the section. It has three species and two varieties, and most species are found in open areas of the southern grasslands of South America. Species were studied in the field and in herbaria, and literature was reviewed. As main results we highlight the new specific status and new name, Rhynchospora boeckeleriana, the designation of two neotypes and three lectotypes, and a new record for Brazil, R. praecincta. Full descriptions of the four species are provided, as well as a key to distinguish the species of section Luzuliformes.

Poroid Hymenochaetaceae (Basidiomycota) from Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract This survey presents the first poroid Hymenochaetaceae checklist from Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo state, Brazil, where 24 species are presented. Fulvifomes melleoporus, Fuscoporia chrysea, Fuscoporia rhabarbarina, Inonotus linteus, Inonotus portoricensis, Phellinus grenadensis, Phellinus roseocinereus and Phellinus undulatus are cited for São Paulo state for the first time, and Fulvifomes glaucescens is a new record to Brazil. Full description of the new record for Brazil, comments on the new records for São Paulo state, photos of the new records, as well as an identification key for the 24 confirmed species found in the park are presented.

New host records of Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (Acari: Ixodidae) on birds in Brazil.

Birds are an important component of the life histories and bioecology of a number of tick species and of some tick associated pathogens. An examination of the data concerning bird/tick associations in the Neotropics, showed that the tick Haemaphysalis leporispalustrisis (Packard, 1869) was rarely recorded infesting birds. The current study reports parasitism by H. leporispalustris in wild birds collected from Atlantic rain forest environments in the states of Rio de Janeiro (4LL) and Minas Gerais (17LL, 1NN), Brazil. All ticks were identified morphologically to the genus level; total DNA was extracted from each Haemaphysalis tick and examined by PCR and nucleotide sequencing of fragments of the eukaryotic genes encoding 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA. The bird species Arremon semitorquatus, Corythopis delalandi, Fluvicola nengeta, Troglodytes musculus, and Volatinia jacarina were recorded as hosts for H. leporispalustris for the first time in South America, and Turdus rufiventris represented a new record for Brazil.

Synopsis of the genus Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. (Piperaceae) in Roraima State, Brazil

ABSTRACT Peperomia is the second most diverse genus of Piperaceae, with an estimated 1,600 species and a pantropical distribution. This work aims to present a taxonomic synopsis of the genus in the State of Roraima, in the extreme north of the Brazilian Amazon forest and belonging to the central-south portion of the Guayana Shield. Based on collecting expeditions and analysis of specimens in various herbaria, 23 taxa were recognized, with two new records for the State and one of them, a new record for Brazil. The taxa are differentiated mainly by phyllotaxis, shape and size of their leaves, in addition to habit and fruits. They have been found in areas of lowland, submontane, montane, tepui and floodplain (várzea) forests and mostly show a distribution restricted to the Neotropics. Some species in the state are presently known exclusively from Mount Roraima, and restricted to a few specimens.

Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from Lagoa do Tamburí farm, Aracatu – Bahia, with new records

Species of Cerambycidae were inventoried in an area of Caatinga (dryland) vegetation in the municipality of Aracatu, Bahia State, Brazil, between August/2012 and July/2013. The insects were collected using light traps, active searches, and white cloth trapping. A total of 716 specimens of Cerambycidae were collected; 665 of them were identified as belonging to 107 species, 84 genera, 30 tribes, and 3 subfamilies. The speciesPhaedinus carbonelli Monne, 1999,Lepturges (Lepturges) fasciculatoides Gilmour, 1962,Hoplistonychus bondari Melzer, 1930,Ataxia arenaria Martins & Galileo, 2013 were new records for Bahia;Nesozineus obscurus Hoffmann, 1984 is new record for Brazil. The subfamily Cerambycinae demonstrated the greatest richness, with 56 species. These results contribute to our knowledge of the Cerambycidae fauna of Brazil.

A preliminary study on the occurrence of microscopic asexual fungi associated with bird nests in Brazilian semi-arid

Bird nests are made up of twigs, leaves and bark, among other things, all substrates that are decomposed by fungi. Thus, the richness of microscopic asexual fungi associated with the plant substrates that make up the bird nests in a fragment of the semi-deciduous seasonal forest in the “Serra da Maravilha”, Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia, Brazil was studied. The plant substrates were collected between February to July 2014. Forty-four species of microscopic asexual fungi were identified distributed in 36 genera, associated with the decomposition of 11 birds' nests. Among the species cataloged, Actinocladium rhodosporium, Alternaria alternata, Cryptophiale kakombensis, Ellisembia adscendens, Gyrothrix circinata, Gyrothrix microsperma, Tetraploa aristata, Thozetella cristata and Torula herbarum were found throughout the study, while the other species were found sporadically. Dendryphion cubense constitutes a new record for South America, Endophragmiella valdiviana represents a new record for Brazil and Uberispora heteroseptata is a new record for Bahia.

A new species and new records of gasteroid fungi (Basidiomycota) from Central Amazonia, Brazil

A new species, Geastrum inpaense, is described morphologically and molecularly. Geastrum lloydianum, G. schweinitzii, Phallus merulinus and Staheliomyces cinctus are reported here as new records for Central Amazonia. In addition, Mutinus fleischeri is reported as a new record for the Americas and Phallus atrovolvatus, as a new record for Brazil.