New Models Of Higher Education Research Articles

New Models of Higher Education for Low-Income countries

In low-income countries, increasing access to higher education is particularly challenging. While tertiary education may boost a country's prosperity, the high cost of education, despite subsidies, remains a barrier to access. The digitisation of existing approaches to tertiary education is insufficient, and a more radical approach is needed.
 
 The Atlantic Technological University has been working on two approaches that hold potential for addressing this challenge. A work-based degree in engineering has placed a student in Mozambique in a mining company, where they will learn the required practical engineering skills and study online. Although this approach will allow the student to earn an income as they study, the fees will still be significant as it is based on existing forms of online learning. Separately, the university is developing a 2-year low-cost Engineering programme based on free online content, modest payment for examinations, and supervision of a capstone project.
 
 This paper focuses on the design of these programmes and the challenges involved. Attendees will learn how these new models of higher education for low-income countries could potentially address the cost barrier to access and significantly increase participation in tertiary education, leading to improved prosperity and economic growth.

Assessing the prospects for using artificial intelligence in higher education system

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of improving the quality of higher education in the context of its computerization. The purpose of the article is to describe the new structure of higher education, based on the principle of a neural network, as well as to identify the prospects of digital transformation for universities, when a wide range of administrative and educational functions might be performed by artificial intelligence. Materials and Methods. The study uses structural modeling in order to build a higher education system that functions as a neural network based on theoretical analysis and reviewing of scholarly literature on the methodology of teaching in high-ranking foreign universities. The author also employs the UTAUT (Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology) model to identify students’ attitudes towards the prospects for the introduction of artificial intelligence in higher education. Results. The paper proposes and describes a new intellectual structure of the higher education system. A distinctive feature of this structure is that employers should become the main evaluators of graduates’ education outcomes. Employers’ feedback is supposed to be provided for universities, adjusting the higher education system to continuously changing market requirements. The advantage of transforming the higher education system according to the principles of neural network functioning will bring a considerable increase in the quality of preparing top-level professionals, and therefore, real prospects for restructuring the national economy will be provided, when GDP growth is ensured not by increasing the amount of exporting raw materials, but by high-tech production. The results of students’ survey conducted and processed using the UTAUT model showed that the younger generation has a positive attitude towards the introduction of AI in the educational process: they are attracted by new prospects in obtaining knowledge and are not afraid of the risks associated with it. Conclusions. The paper concludes that Russian universities, by switching to the new model of higher education, based on a neural network, will be able to dramatically improve the quality of education and become world leaders in the field of preparing top-level professionals, as currently in foreign universities, artificial intelligence manages only a limited range of functions. A distinctive feature of the proposed model is complete digitalization and automation of all routine work at universities, decreasing methodological and reporting load for academic staff, as well as transferring the main teaching load from classrooms to laboratories for a deeper students’ involvement in research activities.

The role of education in the growth of the Georgian economy

The article - "The role of education in the growth of the Georgian economy" – is dedicated to the economic problem of Georgia, particularly unemployment, and explores the connection between the quality of education and this issue. An even more significant concern is the disproportionately high number of unemployed individuals, accounting for 18.5% of the working population. Among them, a remarkably large percentage consists of graduates from higher education institutions (32.3%) and vocational schools (over 40%). The author attributes this situation to the low quality of education in both types of institutions and the mismatch between the professions and competencies acquired by students and the labor market requirements. The article mentions that Europe experienced a similar problem before Georgia has faced it. To address this issue, the European Commission launched several programs and, in 2006, adopted an official document, “Knowledge into practice”. This document recognized the new model of higher education, known as the "Triple Helix" and European countries gradually started transitioning to this model. The authors of the article recommend the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia, along with all its affiliated universities, to get acquainted with this model. By adapting it to the local conditions of Georgia, they should commence preparatory work for its practical implementation. It is suggested that each university in Georgia be encouraged to identify a “Center of Excellence” they are proud of and can expand to create a strong bond with local business firms. The relationship should serve students well. The strength of the "Triple Helix" model of higher education in the article is the close cooperation of universities with the business sector and the government of the country. The government of the country establishes the educational framework and regulations, while the business sector provides specific demands for skilled professionals and universities fulfill these. Graduates trained under this model are subsequently employed by the businesses that requested their specific skills. The author of the article claims that this model has worked in the UK, USA, Germany, Serbia and elsewhere, and will work in Georgia as well. In addition to the Triple Helix model, the article also emphasizes the significance of human capital as an essential factor of production contributing to economic growth. This has been developed by Professor Gary Becker of the University of Chicago (Becker, 1975). Furthermore, the article highlights the successful implementation of Co-Operative Education in the US, where students are placed in the workplace alternating with their academic studies. This program has been in place since 1906 at the University of Cincinnati and has resulted in half of the Co-Op students being offered full-time employment upon graduation (University of Cincinnati, 2021). The article notes that the necessity for education to collaborate with business has emerged in recent years. This was related to the acceleration of technical progress, which led to (and still leads to) the "aging" of professions. Added to this is the already outdated traditional thinking about education that education is the transfer of knowledge and the conduct of research. The new XXI century required education to play the role of a "public servant". This should be reflected in the smooth employment of the staff trained by it. This can only be achieved through deep and solid ties with the business sector. In this way, Georgian universities will be transformed into full-fledged market entities. They will realize that the "product" they create in the market (graduate specialist, research innovations) depends on consumers or employers and tailor the education process to their needs. According to the authors of the article, this will be a major turning point in Georgia's higher education, which will play a major positive role in the country's economic growth.

CYBER ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY: Development of Digital Technology for Learning and Creative Economy at IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

This article will explore the concept and application of the Cyber Islamic University (CIU), which is a priority program for institutional transformation in distance learning starting in 2021 as part of the transformation of institutes into universities and changes in financial governance from work unit-based financial management to service agency financial management (BLU) at IAIN S yekh Nurjati Cirebon. It is crucial to study the application of CIU as a new model of Higher Education of Islamic Religious (PTKI) which organizes distance education for students, academic development through the use of metaverse technology, and the development of digital entrepreneurship that presents a creative economy for the sustainability of educational services. This study uses a qualitative method by choosing a grounded theory approach to build the main concept of CIU and its application in universities. Data were obtained from unstructured interviews from various statements of informants who were actively involved in CIU's transformation and published on the media or website, then the data were analyzed by coding, concept formation, categorization, and theory formation stages. This research found that the institutional transformation of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon into Cyber Islamic University is a new model of higher education that organizes distance education for students to increase access to education that is inclusive for everyone. CIU for academic development through the use of metaverse technology to improve the quality of educational services that unite virtual worlds and reality that can be implemented for good values by presenting accessibility, diversity, equality, and humanity. Institutional transformation of the Public Service Agency's financial management can develop digital academic entrepreneurship with a creative economy platform that can increase income, create jobs, and simultaneously promote social inclusion, cultural diversity, and human development to strengthen educational services.

Higher education and career development experiences of emerging adults: A focus on university students and graduates in Haiti

Background: There is limited empirical research on student experiences in the Haitian higher education system and less so that examined university-based career counselling and the career trajectory of graduates in Haiti.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the higher education and career development of emerging adults in Haiti.Method: This study emerged from a larger qualitative case study conducted in 2013 of HigherEdOrg (pseudonym); a higher education-centred organization in Haiti. Data collection included semi-structured and focus group interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. First and second cycle coding was applied to interview data.Results: Data analysis revealed two overarching themes: Higher Education and Career Challenges in Haiti and HigherEdOrg Strategies. A combination of country-level opportunity constraints and university-specific academic structures contributed to higher education and career challenges for students. Conversely, university students affiliated with HigherEdOrg found the comprehensive support provided alleviated difficulties surrounding higher education and career experiences. Implications include the possibility of a new model of higher education for Haiti that integrates career counselling as a new area of focus.Conclusion: Though emerging adults in Haiti experience considerable challenges in their higher education and career development experiences, the findings from this study revealed a pipeline between higher education attainment and positive career outcomes for those university students affiliated with HigherEdOrg. Recommendation for future research include an environmental scan of the nature of career guidance offered to university students in Haiti, which will inform the design of targeted and relevant research projects to address this understudied issue.

MacIntyre and the Challenges of Higher Education in the 21st Century

Reflection on the nature of the university and its role in contemporary society occupies an important place in the work of the philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre. His academic career and his view of the incommensurable nature of moral discourses combine to suggest an original and provocative proposal for a new model of higher education. This model is characterized by a unity based on a philosophical and theological formality capable of dispelling the dangers of fragmentation and utilitarian specialization. In MacIntyre’s proposal, the university becomes the most important vehicle for organizing knowledge and, consequently, for ordering social life.

СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ БАЧЕННЯ НОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: РУХ ДО СТВОРЕННЯ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ СВІТОВОГО КЛАСУ

На основі системного аналізу ролі та значення вищої освіти в умовах інноваційного суспільства визначено основні «больові точки», пов’язані із втратою закладами вищої освіти їх традиційної історичної місії. Окреслено стратегічне бачення нової моделі вищої освіти, яка відповідала б вимогам економіки четвертої «цифрової» революції (Industry 4.0). Запропоновано та обґрунтовано три конкретні кроки на шляху модернізації інституційної структури освітньої системи в технонауковому контурі суспільства знань. Сформульовано алгоритм ідеї університету світового класу та визначено шляхи його реалізації у дискурсі вітчизняних реалій і можливостей.

Introducing block mode to first-year university students: a natural experiment on satisfaction and performance

ABSTRACT A multidisciplinary Australian University introduced a block model of blended, sequential 4-week blocks to first-year students. This natural experiment compares the inaugural block and two prior cohorts on satisfaction and performance (n = 15,989 satisfaction and n = 86,545 assessment observations). Mixed effect cross-classified models with comprehensive controls, moderation and sensitivity testing show substantial increases in performance, especially for equity groups important in an expanding sector: low-socio-economic and prior academic achievement, non-English-speaking background. Effects on satisfaction were small with increases in teaching satisfaction but decrement in course satisfaction, especially perceived reasonable workload. Discipline consistently moderated effects and units that redesigned assessments offset some decline in course satisfaction. New models of higher education may support improved outcomes.

APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DISTRIBUTION OF UNIVERSITY SYSTEM MODEL

Higher education and improving the quality indicators of higher education is always a hot problem for all time. Education is the core of the country's society. Over hundreds of years, higher education systems have changed to match the level of civilization, the amount of human knowledge, the new pace of life and the development of information technology. . Many higher education methods in developed countries have applied very effectively and met many high educational standards such as ABET, QS - Quacquarelli Symonds, Times Higher Education, SARWU - Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities ... Using AI, Big Data has also been applied to minimize time dependence and increase human understanding. From the traditional education model, the world has come to teach online with the application of IoT. In this article, we introduce a new model of higher education that can be applied in the near future to higher-end IoT applications than online, distributed education. We call this the Distributed Higher Education System Model – DUSM. With application of artificial intelligence to make virtual environment in education, we hope have a big change in education to advance quality of education. The analysis of the method will be presented in detail and hopefully it will be quickly applied to suit the capacity of social information technology.

Environmental education from an intercultural approach: A glimpse into Latin America

Latin America has established a new model of higher education termed intercultural, or indigenous, education. This essay analyses the potential that the integration of educational approaches focused on environmental sustainability and linked to intercultural education approaches could represent to Latin American institutions. The trend has set a new direction and opened up perspectives on integrating other fields, such as ethnoscience, agroecology, education and applied anthropology. Different aspects of the relationship between culture and nature are analysed, bearing in mind that biocultural diversity and its territorial expressions are part of a heritage that rural and indigenous societies present as a contribution to the current definition of civilizatory trends. Based on this review, the paper presents a comparative and integrative conceptual framework that can be used as a reference for practical applications of experience or as a search tool for educational alternatives that can bridge the gap between environmental and intercultural education.

Environmental education from an intercultural approach: A glimpse into Latin America

Latin America has established a new model of higher education termed intercultural, or indigenous, education. This essay analyses the potential that the integration of educational approaches focused on environmental sustainability and linked to intercultural education approaches could represent to Latin American institutions. The trend has set a new direction and opened up perspectives on integrating other fields, such as ethnoscience, agroecology, education and applied anthropology. Different aspects of the relationship between culture and nature are analysed, bearing in mind that biocultural diversity and its territorial expressions are part of a heritage that rural and indigenous societies present as a contribution to the current definition of civilizatory trends. Based on this review, the paper presents a comparative and integrative conceptual framework that can be used as a reference for practical applications of experience or as a search tool for educational alternatives that can bridge the gap between environmental and intercultural education.

Considering the Future of Land Grant Ergonomics Education

Current discussions of challenges and weaknesses of higher education are a source of tension in the early decades of the 21st Century. These discussions reflect the public role and impact of higher education in the early 20th Century with the growth of the land grand university model. Changing social dynamics regarding college-going populations, as well as agricultural and engineering innovations from 1900-20, help to provide context for the role of human factors and ergonomics training for public higher education and workforce productivity. Attempts to forecasting new models of higher education based on societal changes from 2000-20 are problematic, as suggested by agricultural changes from 1900 – 2000. The future of land grant (and human factors and ergonomics) education requirements are tied to our understanding of different historical models of higher education, and demands for matching employment skills and job prospects for new generations of economic, societal and technical challenges.

Is it Possible to be Together, being Apart: Students and Teachers at the University

The subject of the study was the phenomenon of distancing and dissociation of students and teachers in Russian universities. The prevalence of this phenomenon both abroad and in Russia is shown. The reasons for weakening of connections between educational communities in universities are discussed. They are associated with the changed nature of training, emergence of new technologies. E-learning, distance and online education have a serious impact on the dissociation of teachers and students. Many students are increasingly seeking self-reliance and independence. Social aspects of separation of two educational communities from each other are considered. However, according to the authors’ research, both educational communities are not ready for isolationist practices of higher education. They consider their own mutual «rejection» as a violation of Russian mentality traditions of collectivity and trust in each other. It is shown that the inconsistency of the real processes of distancing and subjective aspirations of the majority of students and teachers to overcome it gives rise to the need to find ways to «be together». A number of these paths are associated with the transition to a new model of higher education, based on non-linear strategies for the development of university educational communities. Attention is drawn to the possibility of strengthening communication between students and teachers in the educational process and scientific creativity. The article is written on the materials of the research conducted in 2017 by students and teachers of universities of the Ural Federal district, the subject of which were the links and interactions between these communities.

Tecnologías de gobierno en la formación de profesionales de la salud en una universidad tradicional

Resumen A partir de la década de 1980 el sistema de educación superior chileno ha experimentado sucesivas transformaciones, orientadas por concepciones de lo social y de los sujetos. Éstas han eludido el debate ciudadano presentándose como el resultado de decisiones técnicas que competen sólo a expertos. En el presente trabajo nos proponemos analizar dichos procesos de reformas en la formación de profesionales de una carrera de la salud en Chile desde un enfoque crítico, a fin de promover mayor espacio para el debate. Se utiliza el marco de gubernamentalidad para guiar el estudio de un caso, de una carrera del área de la salud en una universidad tradicional chilena. Así se analizan las lógicas y las tecnologías de gobierno en diferentes niveles, tales como los marcos legales de las reformas, los lineamientos de la universidad, los instrumentos de control sobre el quehacer docente, entre otros. Se da cuenta de cómo las diferentes tecnologías han ido transformando la profesión académica y la formación profesional, de manera coherente con una mentalidad de gobierno neoliberal. Se concluye que los nuevos modelos de educación superior están transformando los procesos de subjetivación de académicos y estudiantes con base en una marcada lógica de mercado, sin que se promueva la discusión respecto del modelo de sujeto y de sociedad que las reformas promueven.

Modelos contra-hegemônicos de Educação Superior: um estudo sobre a Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul

Este artigo uma reflexo sobre a universidade, com incidncia nos novos modelos de educao superior. O acesso universidade no pode continuar a ser uma questo de mrito e privilgio, mas um direito de toda a populao, garantido pelo Estado. O direito educao, em condies de igualdade, implica a ampliao do espao pblico de educao e a democratizao das instituies educativas. Novos modelos de educao superior tm surgido no Brasil, nos ltimos dez anos, na contramo das universidades tradicionais, com projetos institucionais de incluso dos grupos sociais que, ao longo do tempo, foram excludos do direito inalienvel a uma educao superior. A Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), sobre a qual incide este estudo, apresenta-se como uma dessas instituies que, a todos os nveis, pretende ser contra-hegemnica. Do ponto de vista metodolgico, foram analisados os documentos institucionais e realizadas entrevistas aos principais protagonistas que contriburam para a institucionalizao da universidade e para a operacionalizao do seu projeto inovador, de carter popular.

Conceptual foundations of transition to the non-linear models of higher education in the region

The subject matter of the analysis is the non-linear characteristics of the new model of higher education in relation to its resources and risk environment. The purpose of this article is to prove the need and the possibility of transition to the non-linear model of higher education in the region on the basis of theoretical positions and the results of the study of non-linear socio-economic processes. In this connection, the socio-economic factors of such transition are characterized; the objective necessity of its implementation in the context of the economic and social uncertainty of a particular region, which is Ural Federal District, is shown. A new type of relationship between universities and their social partners is considered. The need for the change of interactions between educational communities; reliance on the use of a new wide range of economic, social and spiritual resources; the constant search for new mechanisms, educational programs, relations with the external environment, management decisions are argued. Ural Federal District is shown as one of the most advanced regions of the Russian Federation not only in the sphere of the economy, social and cultural life, but also in the sphere of higher education. This circumstance is related to the constant, intensive search for innovative approaches to the modernization of higher education in the region, including the formation of its non-linear model. The presented situation forms the basis of the hypothesis that the non-linear model of higher education can ensure its competitiveness in the global educational space, to enhance its role in the society and specific regions of the country and to turn it to a locomotive of the socio-economic and socio-cultural development. The study is based on an interdisciplinary methodology, including the potential of theoretical sociology, sociology of education, economic sociology, management theory, regional economy. The findings of the research serve as the basis for improving the educational pol- icy of the Ural Federal District.

Practical Experience of Blended Mentoring in Higher Education

The need of a guided and supervised learning has become the cornerstone of the new model of higher education. One response to such need has been the introduction of mentoring programs to facilitate student learning and to provide guidance. In this way, the main aim of our study is to determine the extent to which the implementation of information technology (IT) into a traditional mentoring program, improves students’ global satisfaction, and therefore its effectiveness. A survey was conducted of program participants’ overall satisfaction with the mentoring and also with each of the activities carried out. We concluded that the inclusion of IT in a traditional (face-to-face) mentoring model increases overall student satisfaction with the program, and thus its effectiveness. The findings obtained can serve as a resource to clarify the importance of educational interventions in the field of student guidance, to design new mentoring programs and to improve existing ones.

A feminist pedagogy through online education

Together with rapid developments in information technology (IT), online education is emerging as a new model for higher education. Reviewing online education from a gender perspective and searching for alternatives are deemed as very important tasks. Creating new demand for gender education is also an important objective. Online education, as a new medium of feminism, can play an important role in revitalizing conventional gender education to go beyond the constraints of time and space. Amidst the increasingly globalized world trends, online teaching techniques that use “the limitless web” to connect women across Asian locales—allowing them to share concerns, discuss their common interests, and effect change—would be an important means of moving beyond temporal and spatial limitations. By examining the current practice of online education from a gender perspective, the present paper will explore how it can serve both as an opportunity and a limitation for women, particularly in Asia. Also, by looking at a specific example of gender education in a Korean online university, where its institutionalization is progressing at a fairly quick pace, this paper will offer some suggestions to substantively and systematically supplement and activate online gender education not only in Korea but elsewhere in Asia as well.

Selecting a Suitable Approach to Analyze the Future of Higher Education

How are higher education organizations going to cope with the challenges of a society that is continuously changing? Although the education sector needs to adapt to technological and socioeconomic changes, methodologies on which we have relied in the past will not be adequate in the future. In fact, the past represents just one of an infinite number of possible outcomes and the future may involve a completely different framework. As a consequence, we should attempt to identify an appropriate technique for analyzing higher education in the future.This paper aims to identify the advances and new trends that will allow the definition of a new model for higher education. A crucial paradox is also outlined: whether the witnessed never-before-seen democratization in the accessibility to higher education is going to co-exist in the future with a possible scenario that might restrict its access because of increasing competition and concentration of higher education organizations.We posit that the quantum approach to time and change (QATC) is a suitable approach that helps to set out the future scenario where the current educational model will be called into question; it is also a key tool for studying the relationship between higher education and society.

A New Model for Higher Education

A New Model for Higher Education