New Method Of Decomposition Research Articles

A graph decomposition-based approach for the graph-fused lasso

We propose a new algorithm for solving the graph-fused lasso (GFL), a regularized model that operates under the assumption that the signal tends to be locally constant over a predefined graph structure. The proposed method applies a novel decomposition of the objective function for the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. While ADMM has been widely used in fused lasso problems, existing works such as the network lasso decompose the objective function into the loss function component and the total variation penalty component. In contrast, based on the graph matching technique in graph theory, we propose a new method of decomposition that separates the objective function into two components, where one component is the loss function plus part of the total variation penalty, and the other component is the remaining total variation penalty. We develop an exact convergence rate of the proposed algorithm by developing a general theory on the local convergence of ADMM. Compared with the network lasso algorithm, our algorithm has a faster exact linear convergence rate (although in the same order as for the network lasso). It also enjoys a smaller computational cost per iteration, thus converges overall faster in most numerical examples.

Biocomposite composting based on the sugar-protein condensation theory

This article describes the technology of organic recycling of polylactide/halloysite biocomposites using the sugar-protein condensation theory. For this purpose, polymer biocomposites were produced with a polylactic acid structure and reinforced in the form of halloysite nanoparticles by 1; 2.5; and 5% by mass. A new method of decomposition of the produced biocomposites was developed. For this purpose, the composting process uses complex sugars in the form of beet molasses. This action is based on Stevenson's theory of protein-sugar condensation. Thus, the validity of this theory was confirmed, as research showed that this modification significantly influences the acceleration of the composting process of the produced biomaterials. For each phase of the process, the parameters of accelerated composting were defined by determining the temperature, degree of humidity, and quantitative scale of acidity and alkalinity. The degree of decomposition of biocomposites was assessed based on microbiological tests, hardness, weight loss, viscosity-average molecular weight tests, and structure assessment using macro and microscopic examinations (SEM). Based on the microbial tests, it was shown that composting also seems to be an alternative method of infectious waste disposal in the case of using biocomposites for products, e.g., medical products.

Decomposition of a class of linear electrical networks for calculation of total power

A new method of decomposition of linear electrical networks for calculating total power is presented. By an iterative procedure, on the basis of decomposition of the electrical network, the branches containing power sources (voltage and/or current) are selected first until the remaining network becomes passive. Then, one calculates the power dissipated by the decomposed networks supplied by the corresponding power sources. Total power dissipated by impedances of the starting networks is equal to the sum of powers dissipated by impedances of the decomposed networks, under the condition that all impedances Z of the network are either resistive \({\text{Im}}(Z)=0\) or reactive \({\text{Re}}(Z)=0\) or mutually equal.

Обобщенная многопродуктовая декомпозиция элементов использования ВВП России

The paper offers a new method of decomposition of GDP and its elements. It is based on the idea that every component can be represented as a combination of a smaller number of ag­gregates. The proposed method has a range of important theoretical properties that insure its correctness and reproduces the statistics with very high quality. The theoretical reasoning of the procedure is presented, 3-product decomposition is analysed. Decomposition of indicators in both current and fixed prices is presented.The proposed decomposition has a range of advantages compared to earlier procedures. First, it does not link any model products to aggregates, observed in statistics. Second, it decomposes the statistics into a higher number of unobserved products, and these products and their prices can be reasonably interpreted. Finally, the important distinction from earlier procedures in non-linearity in real prices.Apart from that, the paper proposes a method of harmonization of GDP and its elements statistics that is needed to work with these indicators after two recent methodology changes.

Decomposition of first-order hybrid Petri nets for hierarchical control of manufacturing systems

Although hybrid Petri net (HPN) is a popular formalism in modelling hybrid production systems, the HPN model of large scale systems gets substantially complicated for analysis and control due to large dimensionality of such systems. To overcome this problem, a typical approach is to decompose the net into subnets and then control the plant through hierarchical or decentralized structures. Although this concept has been widely discussed in the literature for discrete PNs, there is a lack of research for HPNs. In this paper, a new method of decomposition of first-order hybrid Petri nets (FOHPNs) is proposed first and then the hierarchical control of the subnets through a coordinator is introduced. The advantage of using the proposed approach is validated by an existing example. A sugar milling case study is analysed by using a decomposed FOHPN model and the optimization results are compared against the results of the approaches presented in other papers. Simulation results show not only an improvement in production rate, but also show the ability to control the plant online. In addition, by using the hierarchical control structure for an FOHPN model, it is possible to reduce the cost of communication links, improve the reliability of the system, maintain the plant locally, and partially redesign the system.

Method of decomposition of the interval of the values of random variables based on results of optimization of the nonparametric estimate of the probability density

A new method of decomposition of the interval of the values of random variables based on results of optimization of the nonparametric estimate of the probability density of the Rosenblatt-Parzen type is proposed. Its application in the problem of testing the hypothesis of identity of the distribution laws of two sequences of one-dimensional random variables is considered.

Trend-cycle decomposition for Peruvian GDP: application of an alternative method

Perron and Wada (J Monet Econ 56:749–765, 2009) propose a new method of decomposition of the GDP in its trend and cycle components, which overcomes the identification problems of models of unobserved components (UC) and ARIMA models and at the same time, admits non-linearities and asymmetries in cycles. The method assumes that output can be represented by a non-linear model of unobserved components, where disturbances consist of a mixture of normal distributions. In this document, we apply thisalgorithm to Peruvian GDP using quarterly data from 1980 until 2011. As a result of this analysis, we choose the UC-CN model, which presents a mixture of normals in the disturbances of the trend and cycle component of output. The obtained trend clearly reflects the structural change undergone in the early 1990s. After a steep decrease of the trend or potential GDP as a result of drastic adjustment measures, output grew in a more stable way in the following years. In the same way, one can observe an increase in the growth rate of potential GDP from 2002 onwards, which coincides with the monetary reforms that took place at the time. Finally, the obtained cycles are consistent with the evolution of the Peruvian economy and of recession periods that have been traditionally identified. A comparison with other methods of decomposition is also provided.

Measuring and decomposing socioeconomic inequality in healthcare delivery: A microsimulation approach with application to the Palestinian conflict-affected fragile setting

Socioeconomic-related inequalities in healthcare delivery have been extensively studied in developed countries, using standard linear models of decomposition. This paper seeks to assess equity in healthcare delivery in the particular context of the occupied Palestinian territory: the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, using a new method of decomposition based on microsimulations. Besides avoiding the 'unavoidable price' of linearity restriction that is imposed by the standard methods of decomposition, the microsimulation-based decomposition enables to circumvent the potentially contentious role of heterogeneity in behaviours and to better disentangle the various sources driving inequality in healthcare utilisation. Results suggest that the worse-off do have a disproportinately greater need for all levels of care. However with the exception of primary-level, utilisation of all levels of care appears to be significantly higher for the better-off. The microsimulation method has made it possible to identify the contributions of factors driving such pro-rich patterns. While much of the inequality in utilisation appears to be caused by the prevailing socioeconomic inequalities, detailed analysis attributes a non-trivial part (circa 30% of inequalities) to heterogeneity in healthcare-seeking behaviours across socioeconomic groups of the population. Several policy recommendations for improving equity in healthcare delivery in the occupied Palestinian territory are proposed.

The components of regional disparities in Europe

The aim of this paper is to analyse the components of development disparities across the EU NUTS 2 regions by means of a new method of decomposition of per capita GDP. Decomposition first provides evidence of a remarkable inconsistency of the per capita GDP indicator at regional NUTS 2 level. This is addressed by proposing an “adjusted” development index. The analysis highlights in general the relatively greater importance of productivity and employment differentials over structural features, such as industry mix and demographic structure, although the picture becomes more complex when the focus shifts to the lagging-behind EU regions.

Wage determination and the gender pay gap: A feminist political economy analysis and decomposition

This paper develops a heterodox analytical framework of wage determination and a new method of decomposition of the gender pay gap drawing on Marxian and feminist theories. The proposed framework utilizes two wage equations for the analysis of the gender gap: the first equation refers to average occupational wages and the second to individual wages as deviations from occupational wages. Using a data set for wages from industries in Greece, this paper demonstrates and explains differences in results between this proposed decomposition of the gender pay gap and that of Oaxaca-Blinder, and discusses the merits of this new technique compared to the Brown-Moon-Zoloth method. The authors argue that the main advantage of this proposed method of decomposition over the other two methods is that the proposed method allows for separate estimates of the impact of social and individual gender wage discrimination on the gender pay gap.

Meta-heuristic Optimization of Sub-area Decomposition in Urban Road Networks

For the purpose of implementing the coordinated traffic signal control, urban road networks in Japan are divided into several sub-areas. Each sub-area consists of a series of signal intersections. The traffic signal timing is optimized within each sub-area and reflects the local traffic situation. Since there is no well-established method of decomposing a traffic network into sub-areas, the decomposition is determined by skillful engineers based on their experience. This paper proposes a new method of decomposition, which is based on an effectiveness index reflecting the traffic delay and the topological structure of the sub-area network. To evaluate the performance of our approach, simulation experiments are carried out for an actual road network. The results show that the decomposition obtained by our method outperforms the conventional decomposition in terms of the employed performance index.

Unification of the Peierls and the Friedel models into a general combined theory of dislocation pinning

A theory of dislocation motion in a combined relief formed by superposition of extended Peierls-Nabarro barriers and local obstacles is developed. A mixed, or intermediate between the Peierls and Friedel regimes, mode of dislocation motion is predicted and studied. Specific features of material plasticity in the vicinity of transition between different regimes are described in detail. A new method of decomposition of two hardening mechanisms for the determination of material parameters from experimental data is suggested. The theory developed is applicable to BCC-based dilute solid solutions, semiconductors, and other materials with a high potential relief of the crystal lattice.

A New Method of Decomposition for Refractory Minerals and its Application to the Determination of Ferrous Iron and Alkalies

A New Method of Decomposition for Refractory Minerals and its Application to the Determination of Ferrous Iron and Alkalies