New Method For Fast Research Articles

Algebraic solutions for the Fourier transform interrogator.

A new method for fast, high resolution interrogation of an array of photonic sensors is proposed. The technique is based on the integrated Fourier transform (FT) interrogator previously introduced by the authors. Compared to other interferometric interrogators, the FT-interrogator is very compact and has an unprecedented tolerance to variations in the nominal values of the sensors' resonance wavelength. In this paper, the output voltages of the interrogator are written as a polynomial function of complex variables whose modulus is unitary and whose argument encodes the resonance wavelength modulation of the photonic sensors. Two different methods are proposed to solve the system of polynomial equations. In both cases, the Gröbner basis of the polynomial ideal is computed using lexicographical monomial ordering, resulting in a system of polynomials whose complex variable contributions can be decoupled. Using an NVidia graphics processing card, the processing time for 1 026 000 systems of algebraic equations takes around 9 ms, which is more than two orders of magnitude faster than the interrogation method previously introduced by the authors. Such a performance allows for real time interrogation of high-speed sensors. Multiple solutions satisfy the algebraic system of equations, but, in general, only one of the solutions gives the actual resonance wavelength modulation of the sensors. Other solutions have been used for optimization, leading to a reduction in the cross-talk among the sensors. The dynamic strain resolution is 1.66 n ε/H z.

Trace macroelement content and speciation analysis in leaves of sweet cherry trees by elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

The purpose of this study was to explore the relative elemental contents and speciation of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in the leaves of sweet cherry trees. The differences in the content of the same carbon elemental species were small, and the contents of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were small different in leaves grown under the two cultivation patterns. This study provides a new method for fast, convenient and efficient detection of leaf macroelements and reveals the differences in content and elemental speciation of sweet cherry leaves grown under different cultivation patterns.

Three-dimensional behavioural phenotyping of freely moving C. elegans using quantitative light field microscopy.

Behavioural phenotyping of model organisms is widely used to investigate fundamental aspects of organism biology, from the functioning of the nervous system to the effects of genetic mutations, as well as for screening new drug compounds. However, our capacity to observe and quantify the full range and complexity of behavioural responses is limited by the inability of conventional microscopy techniques to capture volumetric image information at sufficient speed. In this article we describe how combining light field microscopy with computational depth estimation provides a new method for fast, quantitative assessment of 3D posture and movement of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We apply this technique to compare the behaviour of cuticle collagen mutants, finding significant differences in 3D posture and locomotion. We demonstrate the ability of quantitative light field microscopy to provide new fundamental insights into C. elegans locomotion by analysing the 3D postural modes of a freely swimming worm. Finally, we consider relative merits of the method and its broader application for phenotypic imaging of other organisms and for other volumetric bioimaging applications.

Performance of 3D Tissue Engineering Scaffolds of Nanocellulose/High Cationic Polymers Composite

Three- dimensional(3D) tissue engineering scaffolds were prepared by compounding nanocellulose with polyacrylic cationic polymer and polyethylene amine cationic polymer respectively.The structural morphology of the scaffolds was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The influence of the relative molecular mass and dosages of the polymers on the pore structure of the scaffolds was investigated, while a new method for fast measuring the porosity of the scaffolds was established based on SEM image processing. The water retention value(WRV) of the scaffolds was also measured. Results show that the porosity of all the nanocellulose 3D tissue engineering scaffolds is larger than 90%. The porosity value obtained by the new image processing method is close to that measured according to Archimedes principle with a difference less than 5%, which indicated that this method was reliable. All the 3D scaffolds have high WRV(200%). Both the porosity and WRV of the 3D scaffolds can be adjusted by varying the species and dosage of polymers. Therewith the nanocellulose 3D tissue engineering scaffolds may optionally be prepared to meet the requirement for tissue and cell culture.

Hadamard Amino-Acid-Type Edited NMR Experiment for Fast Protein Resonance Assignment

An original Hadamard-encoding scheme allows discrimination among seven amino acid types in a single two-dimensional NMR experiment. Combined with hyperdimensional NMR techniques, this presents a promising new method for fast, automated backbone resonance assignment of proteins in only a few hours time.

Oligonucleotides Quality Control Analysis in Free Solution by Capillary Electrophoresis at Acidic pH

A new method for fast, automated and inexpensive oligonucleotides analysis by capillary electrophoresis at low pH is presented. This method does not need any sieving media to resolve a mixture of polynucleotides which are analysed in free solution and separated on the base of composition and not length. This technique has been used to test a large set of standard and modified oligonucleotides thus to be applied in oligos routine quality control.