Neurosensory Center Research Articles

Retraction notice: Language abilities of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A preliminary group and case investigation

Language impairments are reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the majority of studies have evaluated language differences between relapsing-remitting (RR) and chronic progressive (CP) clinical courses. Neurologists have distinguished two progressive courses of MS: primary progressive (PP) MS and secondary progressive (SP) MS. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive performance profiles may provide a means of differentiating between the clinical courses of RR, SP, and PPMS. With this in mind, a deviation of language profiles between sub-types is predicted. The purpose of this study is to profile the language abilities of five participants with PPMS. Five participants with PPMS participated in this investigation. The participants were assessed using the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia (NCCEA), the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Test of Language Competence-Expanded (TLC-E). Data analysis consisted of (a) comparison of the total scores achieved by the PPMS participants and a group of 26 age-matched controls on the NCCEA, BNT, and TLC-E, and (b) case studies to individually profile the language abilities of the five participants with PPMS. Comparison of the NCCEA, BNT, and TLC-E total scores of the participants with PPMS and the control group did not indicate significant differences between the two groups. Case-by-case analysis revealed deficits in meta-linguistic abilities in two participants. The results provide preliminary evidence to suggest that, although patients with PPMS may have preserved general language abilities, some individuals may present with mild impairments in high-level linguistic abilities.

Language abilities of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A preliminary group and case investigation

Language impairments are reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the majority of studies have evaluated language differences between relapsing-remitting (RR) and chronic progressive (CP) clinical courses. Neurologists have distinguished two progressive courses of MS: primary progressive (PP) MS and secondary progressive (SP) MS. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive performance profiles may provide a means of differentiating between the clinical courses of RR, SP, and PPMS. With this in mind, a deviation of language profiles between sub-types is predicted. The purpose of this study is to profile the language abilities of five participants with PPMS. Five participants with PPMS participated in this investigation. The participants were assessed using the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia (NCCEA), the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Test of Language Competence-Expanded (TLC-E). Data analysis consisted of (a) comparison of the total scores achieved by the PPMS participants and a group of 26 age-matched controls on the NCCEA, BNT, and TLC-E, and (b) case studies to individually profile the language abilities of the five participants with PPMS. Comparison of the NCCEA, BNT, and TLC-E total scores of the participants with PPMS and the control group did not indicate significant differences between the two groups. Case-by-case analysis revealed deficits in meta-linguistic abilities in two participants. The results provide preliminary evidence to suggest that, although patients with PPMS may have preserved general language abilities, some individuals may present with mild impairments in high-level linguistic abilities.

Cognitive Dysfunctions Associated With PTSD: Evidence from World War II Prisoners of War

The authors aim to delineate cognitive dysfunction associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by evaluating a well-defined cohort of former World War II prisoners of war (POWs) with documented trauma and minimal comorbidities. The authors studied a cross-sectional assessment of neuropsychological performance in former POWs with PTSD, PTSD with other psychiatric comorbidities, and those with no PTSD or psychiatric diagnoses. Participants who developed PTSD had average IQ, while those who did not develop PTSD after similar traumatic experiences had higher IQs than average (approximately 116). Those with PTSD performed significantly less well in tests of selective frontal lobe functions and psychomotor speed. In addition, PTSD patients with co-occurring psychiatric conditions experienced impairment in recognition memory for faces. Higher IQ appears to protect individuals who undergo a traumatic experience from developing long-term PTSD, while cognitive dysfunctions appear to develop with or subsequent to PTSD. These distinctions were supported by the negative and positive correlations of these cognitive dysfunctions with quantitative markers of trauma, respectively. There is a suggestion that some cognitive decrements occur in PTSD patients only when they have comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.

Relative Rates of Dementia By Multiple Case Definitions, Over Two Prevalence Periods, In Three Sociocultural Groups

Relative Rates of Dementia By Multiple Case Definitions, Over Two Prevalence Periods, In Three Sociocultural Groups

Persistent Word Fluency Deficit in Patients with Dominant Hemisphere Striato-Capsular Lesions: Further Evidence for a Subcortical Role in Language?

The language abilities of a group of five patients with chronic dominant hemisphere striato-capsular lesions and/or deep white matter lesions and whose performance was within normal limits according to the criterion of a standard aphasia examination were described. When compared with an age and sex matched control group, the group of subjects with dominant hemisphere striato-capsular lesions had significantly lower aphasia quotients and word fluency scores on the Western Aphasia Battery and produced significantly more content units in a picture description task than the control group. The performance of the group with basal ganglia and internal capsule lesions was not significantly different from the control group in other tests of language function (e.g., Boston Naming Test, Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia). The results of the current study were discussed in relation to their implications for theories of the role of the subcortical structures in language or language related func...

Treatment of aphasia: A process approach

Director, Speech, Hearing and Neurosensory Center, Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, California

Language Functions Following Closed-Head Injury in Children and Adolescents

Fifty-six children and adolescents who sustained a closed-head injury were divided into two groups based on neurological criteria. Language performance was assessed using the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia during the subacute stage of recovery. Naming, expressive, and written language were more impaired than receptive-language functions. At least 20% of the sample exhibited deficits on measures of describing the function of objects, sentence repetition, verbal associative fluency, writing to dictation, and copying sentences. No sparing of function was observed in children relative to adolescents. Moreover, written-language performance was more depressed in children than adolescents. Results were discussed in terms of acquired aphasia in children and posttraumatic linguistic deficits in adults.

Identification Audiometry in Neonates

Speech, Hearing and Neurosensory Center [G. H., M. J. W.], and Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, California [R. G.]

Parkinsonism: forgotten considerations in medical treatment and nursing care.

Questions or comments regarding this article may be directed to the author at 8100 Cambridge Drive. #43. Houston, Texas 77054. Ms Garrett is a Neuro Nurse Specialist in the Neurosensory Center at Methodist Hospital in Houston.

Language disorders secondary to closed head injury

Speech, Hearing, and Neurosensory Center Children's Hospital and Health Center San Diego, California

Reliability and validity characteristics of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB).

The reliability and validity characteristics of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) are described. High internal consistency measures and high test-retest reliability argue for stability of the test both because its parts contribute to the composite index and because of its temporal reliability. Inter- and intrajudge reliability are both very high, suggesting consistent scoring within and between scorers. The WAB satisfies face- and content-validity criteria. Results from the WAB and the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia (NCCEA) highly correlate, indicating good construct validity. WAB AQ scores and Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices scores significantly correlate, suggesting that the language portions of the WAB are not totally independent from nonverbal functioning. WAB AQ scores reliably differentiate between aphasic and control groups, with only a small overlap for high functioning anomic aphasic subjects.

A comparison of empirically derived groups of aphasic patients on the neurosensory center comprehensive examination for aphasia

Rating scales were used to identify characteristic aphasic phenomena in a sample of natural language from aphasic patients. These variables were used to derive empirically four groups of aphasic patients. These groups showed significant multivariate differences on the basis of their performance on the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia. Seven subtests showed significant univariate differences among the four groups: Visual Naming, Description of Use, Sentence Repetition, Repetition of Digits, Reversal of Digits, Identification by Sentence, and Oral Reading Sentences. Two of the groups reflected Howes dichotomy of articulate-nonarticulate language disorders. Another group was thought to reflect Schuell's single dimension of language disorders that could be differentiated only in terms of severity. Afourth group was characterized by a major impairment of memory. These results indicated that aphasic phenomena could be identified reliably on the basis of rating of verbal output on scales that reflect language disorders. These scales were used in a statistical fashion to derive empirically oriented groups that were identified on the basis of psychometric measures of language skills.

A Study of Pattern of Recovery in Aphasia

This paper has two purposes: to present our initial findings concerning pattern of improvement on the Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia (NCCEA) and to share some of our observations regarding this new test battery. The test-retest scores for these non-fluent aphasics revealed that Writing Copying showed the most improvement, followed by tests of comprehension. Tests of expressive performance showed the least improvement. In addition, tests requiring the reception or spontaneous production of single words reflected more improvement than those requiring the comprehension or expression of longer verbal units. The disadvantages and advantages of the NCCEA are briefly discussed in relation to the criteria mentioned by Benton for any useful test of aphasia.

Hand preference and manipulative dexterity in normal and retarded children.

Journal of Intellectual Disability ResearchVolume 11, Issue 1 p. 49-53 HAND PREFERENCE AND MANIPULATIVE DEXTERITY IN NORMAL AND RETARDED CHILDREN* D. JONES, D. JONES Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A. Medical Research Council, Royal Free Hospital, London, N.W.3.Search for more papers by this authorA. L. Benton, A. L. Benton Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorJ. C. MACQUEEN, J. C. MACQUEEN Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author D. JONES, D. JONES Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A. Medical Research Council, Royal Free Hospital, London, N.W.3.Search for more papers by this authorA. L. Benton, A. L. Benton Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorJ. C. MACQUEEN, J. C. MACQUEEN Children's Research Unit and Neurosensory Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author First published: March 1967 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1967.tb00203.x * This study was supported by Research Grant NB 05489-02, Research Grant NB 00616 and Program Project Grant NB 03354 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness. Neurosensory Publication No. 123. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume11, Issue1March 1967Pages 49-53 RelatedInformation

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS FOR CEREBRAL DAMAGE.

1 Neurosensory Center and Departments of Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City. This paper was presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association. St. Louis, April 1964. The preparation of this review was supported by Program Project Grant NB-03354 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, U.S.P.H.S Neurosensory Center Publication No. 48.

TEMPORAL ORIENTATION IN CEREBRAL DISEASE.

1 Neurosensory Center and Departments of Neurology and Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. This investigation was supported by Research Grant NB-00616 and Program-Project Grant NB-03354 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, USPHS.

Day-To-Day Variations in the Erg of Humans and Rabbits

Day-To-Day Variations in the Erg of Humans and Rabbits