Modes Of Network Governance Research Articles

Local Governance and Entrepreneurship in Tourism – a Comparative Analysis of Two Tourist Destinations

Literature suggests that local governance might encourage the emergence of innovative businesses. Little is known about that relationship in the context of tourism, although literature suggests governance as a way to deal with the problems of tourism destinations. Additionally, studies in entrepreneurship seldom focus on tourism. This study addresses these gaps by exploring the role of local governance in tourism entrepreneurship. The research strategy of the study is qualitative, using focus groups and semi-structured interviews with diverse local and regional stakeholders, from entrepreneurs to policymakers. Two municipalities in the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon serve as case studies. The differences in the entrepreneurial ecosystems of both territories relate to their distinctive stages of development as tourism destinations. Results suggest that the "good governance" model prevails but that a "one size fits all" approach is not helpful. Results also suggest the need for local governance models to evolve into modes of multi-level network governance, incorporating regional interaction and integration; and recognising participation as the key to democratic legitimacy, transparency, and effectiveness of public policies. With multi-level governance, public administrations at different levels of government are responsible for opening the decision-making process to other relevant actors in society. The study's theoretical contribution concerns the need to investigate hybrid governance models for tourism entrepreneurship. For practitioners (i.e., local decision-makers), this study highlights the advantages of flexibility and a multi-level approach to governance.

Modes of network governance revisited: Assessing their prevalence, promises, and limitations in the literature

AbstractThe systematic literature review takes stock of the empirical literature on the governance of organizational networks. The analysis is based on empirical papers citing Provan and Kenis (2008) as the seminal article on the governance of networks. We synthesize key findings on the modes of network governance, contingency factors, and network‐level tensions. The review provides insights into how the contingency theory of network governance has developed into an established and recognized research agenda in the last 15 years. We conclude that the governance of organizational networks as a vocabulary has been adopted in the management and organization sciences literature to explain organizational networks' development, functioning, and effectiveness. However, further theoretical development and testing are warranted to inform the practice of network governance, particularly when, how, and why to use institutions and structures of authority and collaboration to allocate resources and coordinate and control joint action of groups of organizations.

How to combine rules and commitment in fostering research integrity?

ABSTRACT Research integrity (RI) is crucial for trustworthy research. Rules are important in setting RI standards and improving research practice, but they can lead to increased bureaucracy; without commensurate commitment amongst researchers toward RI, they are unlikely to improve research practices. In this paper, we explore how to combine rules and commitment in fostering RI. Research institutions can govern RI using markets (using incentives), bureaucracies (using rules), and network processes (through commitment and agreements). Based on Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action, we argue that network processes, as part of the lifeworld, can legitimize systems – that is, market or bureaucratic governance modes. This can regulate and support RI practices in an efficient way. Systems can also become dominant and repress consensus processes. Fostering RI requires a balance between network, market and bureaucratic governance modes. We analyze the institutional response to a serious RI case to illustrate how network processes can be combined with bureaucratic rules. Specifically, we analyze how the Science Committee established at Tilburg University in 2012 has navigated different governance modes, resulting in a normatively grounded and efficient approach to fostering RI. Based on this case, we formulate recommendations to research institutions on how to combine rules and commitment.

Relationality: The Role of Connectedness in the Social Ecology of Resilience

Previous work has focused on the role of social capital on resilience. However, this research tends to search for civic and other organizations, often formal institutionalized groups which, when they are not found, leads to questions about how social networks are possibly governed. Without formal organizational structures to govern these networks, how is pro-environmental/pro-social behavior sustained. In this article, we focus on a diffused mechanism for collective action, which is referred to as relationality. Relationality is a theory that underscores how social connectedness, through mechanisms of empathy, foster collective action in noncentralized modes of network governance. The concept of relationality addresses important issues not considered by the literature on social capital --so being, we will refer to relational elements as relational capital. Relational capital constitutes a type of asset that communities can activate vis-a-vis environmental and other perturbation. As we describe, the evidence for relationality as an important mechanism for sustainability and resilience is accumulating.

An integrative perspective on interorganizational multilevel healthcare networks: a systematic literature review

BackgroundInterorganizational networks in healthcare do not always attain their goals. Existing models outline the factors that could explain poor network performance: governance; structure; and the alignment of professional, organizational and network levels. However, these models are very generic and assume a functional approach. We investigate available empirical knowledge on how network structure and governance relate to each other and to network performance in a multilevel context, to get deeper insight, supported with empirics, of why networks (fail to) achieve their goals.MethodA systematic literature review based on a search of Web of Science, Business Source Complete and PubMed was executed in May 2021 and repeated in January 2022. Full papers were included if they were written in English and reported empirical data in a healthcare interorganizational setting. Included papers were coded for the topics of governance, structure, performance and multilevel networks. Papers from the scientific fields of management, administration and healthcare were compared. Document citation and bibliographic coupling networks were visualized using Vosviewer, and network measures were calculated with UCINET.ResultsOverall, 184 papers were included in the review, most of which were from healthcare journals. Research in healthcare journals is primarily interested in the quality of care, while research in management and administration journals tend to focus on efficiency and financial aspects. Cross-citation is limited across different fields. Networks with a brokered form of governance are the most prevalent. Network performance is mostly measured at the community level. Only a few studies employed a multilevel perspective, and interaction effects were not usually measured between levels.ConclusionsResearch on healthcare networks is fragmented across different scientific fields. The current review revealed a range of positive, negative and mixed effects and points to the need for more empirical research to identify the underlying reasons for these outcomes. Hardly any empirical research is available on the effects of different network structures and governance modes on healthcare network performance at different levels. We find a need for more empirical research to study healthcare networks at multiple levels while acknowledging hybrid governance models that may apply across different levels.

Social Risk Early Warning of Environmental Damage of Large-Scale Construction Projects in China Based on Network Governance and LSTM Model

With the improvement of citizens’ risk perception ability and environmental protection awareness, social conflicts caused by environmental problems in large-scale construction projects are becoming more and more frequent. Traditional social risk prevention management has some defects in obtaining risk data, such as limited coverage, poor availability, and insufficient timeliness, which makes it impossible to realize effective early warning of social risks in the era of big data. This paper focuses on the three environments of diversification of stakeholders, risk media, and big data era. The evolution characteristics of the social risk of environmental damage of large-scale construction projects are analyzed from the four stages of incubation, outbreak, mitigation, and regression in essence. On this basis, a social risk early warning model is constructed， and the multicenter network governance mode of social risk of environmental damage in large-scale construction projects and practical social risk prevention strategies in different stages are put forward. Experiments show that the long short-term memory neural network model is effective and feasible for predicting the social risk trend of environmental damage of large-scale construction projects. Compared with other classical models, the long short-term memory model has the advantages of strong processing capability and high early warning accuracy for time-sensitive data and will have broad application prospects in the field of risk control research. By using the network governance framework and long short-term memory model, this paper studies the environmental mass events of large-scale construction projects on the risk early warning method, providing reference for the government to effectively prevent and control social risk of environmental damage of large-scale construction project in China.

Network governance forms in healthcare: empirical evidence from two Italian cancer networks

BackgroundThis study focuses on the application of Provan and Kenis’ modes of network governance to the specific field of public healthcare networks, extending the framework to an analysis of systems in which networks are involved. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze and compare the governance of two cancer networks in two Italian regions that underwent system reconfiguration processes due to reforms in the healthcare system.MethodsA qualitative study of two clinical networks in the Italian healthcare system was conducted. The sample for interviews included representatives of the regional administration (n = 4), network coordinators (n = 6), and general and clinical directors of health organizations involved in the two networks (n = 25). Data were collected using semi-structured interviews.ResultsOur study shows that healthcare system reforms have a limited impact on network governance structures. In fact, strong inertial tendencies characterize networks, especially network administrative organization models (NAO). Networks tend to find their own balance with respect to the trade-offs analyzed using a mix of formal and informal ties. Our study confirms the general validity of Provan and Kenis’ framework and shows how other specific factors and contingencies may affect the possibility that cancer networks find positive equilibria between competing needs of inclusivity and efficiency, internal and external legitimacy, and stability and flexibility. It also shows how networks react to external changes.ConclusionsOur study shows the importance of considering three factors and contingencies that may affect network effectiveness: a) the importance of looking at network governance modes not in isolation, but in relationship to the governance of regional systems; b) the influence of a specific network’s governance structure on the network’s ability to respond to tensions and to achieve its goals; and c) the need to take into account the role of professionals in network governance.

Examining the Link between the Governance Mechanisms and Supply Chain Performance — an Empirical Study within the Triadic Context

Abstract The goal of the research is twofold. First, it aims to reveal the basic modes of governance run by the manufacturer across the examined triadic supply chains. Secondly, the paper compares the groups of triadic supply chains, applying certain modes of governance, including network governance, in terms of the relational benefits and supply chain performance. To investigate the relationship between network governance and the supply chain performance, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax Rotation was used, followed by the cluster analysis and non-parametric tests. The study showed that the triadic supply chains significantly differentiate in terms of the modes of governance. Further findings also indicated that the triadic supply chains that follow the network governance mode consider their performance to be significantly higher in comparison to the supply chains that do not run this type of governance mechanism. Firstly, the research showed that it is difficult to unequivocally reveal the pure mechanisms of governance, undistorted by the influence of another distinct mode in the triadic supply chains. On the contrary, they are more or less influenced by other modes of governance distinguished in the literature. Likewise, it is also important to highlight that the mechanism of governance is inseparably bound with a certain dyadic relationship established between two actors in the wider structure of supply chains. The study also showed that incorporating a clan as a social mechanism of governance together with a market and hierarchy results in increasing the relational benefits and overall performance for both dyads in the triadic supply chains.

“Modes of Network Governance”: What Advances Have Been Made So Far?

O objetivo principal deste artigo foi identificar os avanços nos estudos de governança em rede, a partir do trabalho seminal de Provan e Kenis (2008). Suas oito proposições examinam as características de cada forma de governança, descrevem componentes críticos de contingência que podem explicar a eficácia da forma de governança, discutem as tensões inerentes a cada forma de governança e exploram a evolução da governança de rede ao longo do tempo. Para alcançar este objetivo, realizamos um metaestudo de 224 artigos, combinando análises quantitativas e qualitativas para ajudar a estabelecer um mapa dos recentes avanços no campo da governança de redes. A análise conjunta mostrou avanços específicos na governança das redes públicas. Em termos gerais, os estudos permanecem altamente fragmentados e ainda precisam atingir um nível maior de consolidação. Embora a proposta apresentada por Provan e Kenis (2008) tente contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dos modos, tensões e evolução da governança, ela ainda requer mais contribuições para estabelecer uma teoria sobre governança de redes. Há espaço para uma investigação mais aprofundada dos modos híbridos de governança, as contingências críticas que determinam a escolha do modo mais eficaz de governança e os mecanismos específicos usados para operacionalizar cada modo de governança.

Формы сетевого управления в ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий: На примере ликвидации последствий наводнения в Бангкоке в 2011 г.

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to map and explore network governance in a disaster relief situation. The case of the Bangkok Thailand flood relief of 2011 was used to examine network governance in four relief activities: food activities, relief items activities, medical service activities, and rescue activities.Design/methodology/approach. We used multimethod research combining Social Network Analyses (SNAs) and in-depth interviews with 16 organizations and 29 key informants representing state organizations, the private sector, Local Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) and the social sector involved in the relief activities of the Bangkok fl ood relief in 2011.Finding. We found contrasting modes of network governance in the four Bangkok flood relief activities. The networks within food and relief items activities were more connected, with the local NGOs, university, military and voluntary sectors being the key stakeholders, while the networks within medical services and rescue activities were segregated representing specialization roles within state organizations, the private sector, local NGOs and social sectors in the medical and rescue activities.Practical implications. The findings highlight the importance of identifying patterns of network governance during disaster reliefs at it can help policy makers in formulating an effective disaster reliefs management.Originality/value. This paper for the first time presents the pattern of network governance in the context of disaster relief activities using Bangkok flood relief 2011as a case study.

Construction of Online Dispute Resolution Mechanism---Chinese Internet Court Under Comparative Law

In the information age, the Internet has become an integral part of social life. With the rapid development of e-commerce industry, more and more e-commerce disputes are happening. Whether these problems can be solved quickly will seriously affect the normal operation and healthy development of the Internet industry. Therefore, Internet courts emerge as the times require. This paper puts forward an online dispute resolution mechanism, which has gained valuable experience from the legislation and practice of Internet courts in the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom, and provides a reference for the development of Internet courts in China. Since 2000, China has been trying to resolve disputes through the Internet. It has gone through three stages, what is, recognition and exploration, establishment of pilot projects, expansion of pilot projects and promotion of pilot projects. Although great progress has been made in the construction of network courts in China in terms of legal norms and technical application, there are still many internal problems. In the future, professional person should start with perfecting laws and regulations, upgrading technology and training future talents, so that the network court can become the “test ground” and “demonstration area” of the comprehensive reform of the judicial system and the reform of the network governance mode. professional person need to cultivate new judicial momentum, also use new momentum to promote the new development of intelligent court construction, as professional personll as create new brilliance of judicial cause with new development.

Health in All Policies (HiAP) governance: lessons from network governance

The Health in All Policies (HiAP) approach requires formal and sustained governance structures and mechanisms to ensure that the policies of various non-health sectors maximize positive and minimize negative impacts on population health. In this paper, we demonstrate the usefulness of a network perspective in understanding and contributing to the effectiveness of HiAP. We undertook an exploratory, qualitative case study of a HiAP structure in Iran, the Kerman province Council of Health and Food Security (CHFS) with diverse members from health and non-health sectors. We analyzed relevant policy texts and interviewed 32 policy actors involved in the CHFS. Data were analyzed using within-case analysis and constant comparative methodology. Our findings suggest that CHFS governance from a network perspective drew in practice on elements of two competing network governance modes: the network administrative organization (NAO) and the lead organization mode. Our results also show that a shift from a hierarchical and market-based mode of interaction to a network logic within CHFS has not yet taken place. In addition, CHFS suffers from large membership and an inability to address complex 'wicked problems', as well as low trust, legitimacy and goal consensus among its members. Drawing on other HiAP studies and commentaries, insights from organization network theory, and in-depth findings from our case study, we conclude that a NAO may be the most effective mode of governance for tackling complex social problems in HiAP structures. Since similar studies are limited, and our single case study may not be transferable across all contexts, we suggest that further research be undertaken to explore HiAP structures from a network perspective in different institutional and cultural settings. With increasing emphasis given to HiAP approaches in national and international health policy discourse, it is important that comparative knowledge about the effectiveness of HiAP governance arrangements be developed.

National cyber crisis management: Different European approaches

Cyber crises, as new forms of transboundary crises, pose serious risks to societies. This article investigates how different models of public–private partnerships shape cyber crisis management in four European countries: the Netherlands, Denmark, Estonia, and the Czech Republic. Using Provan and Kenis's modes of network governance, an initial taxonomy of cyber governance structures is provided. The Netherlands have created a participant‐governed network, characterized by trust and equality. The Czech and Estonian models resemble a network administrative organization, with an enforcement role for their national cyber security centers. Denmark has adopted a lead‐agency model. The article concludes that countries face two binary choices when organizing cyber defense and crisis management. First, national computer emergency response teams/computer security incident response teams can be embedded inside or outside the intelligence community. Second, cyber capacity can be centralized in one unit or spread across different sectors. These decisions fundamentally shape information‐sharing arrangements and potential roles during cyber crises.

How to support the endurance of long‐term networks: The pivotal role of the network manager

This article focuses on interorganizational networks in an attempt to contribute to the research on network endurance. Specifically, we will focus on service delivery networks created to endure, and explore the impact on network endurance of some key variables, such as the configuration of the modes of network governance, the formalization of coordination mechanisms and the concentration of managerial skills in the network manager. Our results show that a Network Administrative Organization alone is not sufficient to enable network endurance. Having skilful network managers who can activate formalized coordination mechanisms is also important. Hence, skilful network managers seem to be pivotal for long‐term public networks, thanks to their ability to link network structures to network mechanisms and bring about network endurance.

The Eastern partnership in Georgia: Europeanizing civil society?

Through the Eastern Partnership the EU specifically attempts to strengthen democracy in Georgia. Lacking strong conditionality, the EU has to rely on a different approach to democracy assistance, such as a network governance mode. The implementation of EU policies has led to an expanding institutional network where NGO inclusion has been strengthened. However, this form of network governance operates within the realities of the domestic political and international context, influencing its effectiveness and impact. Despite the increased involvement of NGOs in EU policies the role and impact of civil society within Georgian politics and society has remained limited.

SME supplier upgrading during the cooperation life cycle – Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe

JEEMS Journal of East European Management Studies , Seite 318 - 351

From Fragmentation to Comprehensiveness in Network Governance

Public networks are increasingly implemented at different government levels and across policy areas to increase coordination of services, decision-making and services delivery. Network governance is one promising theoretical perspective through which networks have been studied by different scholars and schools of thought. However, the literature on network governance is still fragmented, sectorial and issues-based. An overarching framework for the comprehensive analysis of the accumulate knowledge is missing. To address this limitation, we propose a comprehensive framework for analyzing the development of the findings in the field. The framework includes four building blocks that reflect the main issues debated in literature: the conditions affecting the choice of a mode of network governance, the modes of network governance, the dimensions of meta-governance and the outcome evaluation. The framework would support academics and policy makers who deal with network governance in different policy domains. The article concludes with a discussion of the proposed framework and its applications in future research.

From state control to network governance of primary education in Tanzania: has local empowerment been attained?

Abstract Governance networks have recently become popular and apparently indispensable in public administration especially due to the fact that we are operating in the context of complex, fragmented and multi-layered societies. The purpose of this theoretical paper is to (1) delineate the concept of governance in terms of its three distinct modes (state control, market and networks/pluralist modes), (2) show how governance of primary education in Tanzania has changed along these three modes of governance and (3) comment on whether the change in the mode of governance of Primary Education in Tanzania from state control to governance networks has led to empowerment of the people at the grassroots levels. Our observation in this paper is that the move from the state control to network governance mode is too theoretical, and has not sufficiently led to empowerment of people at the grassroots levels in the governance of primary education. Therefore, this paper calls upon the state to willingly change radically from its culture from hierarchical control to authentic local empowerment.

Network Governance and Structure Dynamics: The Case of TD-SCDMA Standard-Setting Alliance

This paper examines how a network's governance mode changes overtime and the consequences on the network's structure. Propositions on the relationships between network governance and network structure are raised. Mixed methods are employed to triangulate qualitative and quantitative data from interviews, field studies, and government/industry archives. A longitudinal study of the standardization process of TD- SCDMA technology reveals that (1) a network formed through an engineered process has a more centralized but less clustered structure than one governed by an emergent process; (2) as an engineered network changes into an emergent process, the network's structure will become decentralized as well as clustered; (3) the triggering entity loses its central position during the engineered-emergent process. We close by outlining theoretical contributions, practical implications and suggestions for future research.

Combining Structure, Governance, and Context: A Configurational Approach to Network Effectiveness

This study explores the way in which network structure (network integration), network context (resource munificence and stability), and network governance mode relate to net -work effectiveness. The model by Provan and Milward (Provan, Keith G., and H. Brinton Milward. 1995. A preliminary theory of interorganizational network effectiveness: A comparative study of four community mental health systems. Administrative Science Quarterly 40 (1):1–33) on the effectiveness of designed and goal-directed interorganizational networks is extended and tested on the basis of 39 crime prevention networks (Safety Houses) in the Netherlands. Ten cases were subjected to in-depth analysis through documentation reviews, interviews, observations, and a survey among network participants. In the other 29 cases semistructured interviews were conducted with the network managers. The data for all 39 cases were analyzed with crisp-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The results revealed two different configurations for network effectiveness. Effective networks are centrally integrated networks that have been in existence for at least 3 years (age) and which show a high degree of stability. In addition, they either have considerable resources at their disposal or they have been set up with a network administrative organization. The results confirm core insights from Provan and Milward’s earlier study but also show that administrative resources can serve as a substitute for financial resources (and vice versa). The article concludes with suggestions for the further development of a configurational theory of network effectiveness.