Digital Media Networks Research Articles

Yoshida Ami’s Onkyō and the Persistently "Japanese" Body: Making (Electro)voice Sound

<p>This essay examines the experimental vocal and electronic work of Yoshida Ami in the context of the Japanese onkyō movement of the turn of the millennium, developing the concept of “plasmatic voice” that addresses the assemblage of embodied vocal performance through audio technology. Understanding vocal performance as it circulates globally through digital media networks must be perforce include transcultural analysis of race, culture, and gender, as well as other salient identity categories dependent on context. The essay also closely examines common metaphors for audio devices (such as microphones) as part of a programmatic attempt to listen deeply to human and nonhuman sounding without relying on the normative human body as the centre of analysis. Instead, a process-based approach following Jasbir Puar’s combining of intersectionality alongside assemblage theory is undertaken.</p>

Development and Simulation of a Fast Delay Cancellation Algorithm for Digital Multimedia Network Communication

The digital multimedia network data traffic is huge, and many end devices are applied to the digital multimedia network; therefore, the digital media network communication delay transmission must be analysed in order to improve the performance of the digital multimedia network communication transmission. Due to the presence of a large number of data packets in the communication network used, some random delays in data can occur during use. Conventional data transmission methods rely solely on extended data storage capacity to achieve this, making it difficult to achieve intelligent scheduling, resulting in delays and optimized performance degradation during communication data transmission. The aim of this paper is to enhance the communication quality of digital multimedia networks by developing an algorithmic model that rapidly mitigates communication delays. The proposed approach employs a delay cancellation algorithm in a network predictive control system. Simulation techniques are utilized to simulate and compensate for delays in multimedia communication networks. The efficacy of the network control strategy is demonstrated through simulation tests on a large-scale multimedia network communication system. The research findings indicate that the network control prediction model and elimination algorithm can substantially reduce the packet loss rate and quickly eliminate communication delays in digital multimedia networks.

Design of distance education system for digital media online course based on improved genetic algorithm and speech recognition technology

The distance teaching of digital media network course under the network environment can improve the pertinence of teaching and the sharing of teaching resources. On this basis, a distance teaching system of digital media online course based on improved genetic algorithm and speech recognition technology is designed. The online course teaching system consists of network communication module, data acquisition module, bus transmission module and application loading module. The module connection and function control of online course teaching system are realized under VME bus architecture. Based on improved genetic algorithm and speech recognition technology, using eclipse as the development environment, the data storage layer, user analysis layer and log mining layer of online course teaching are constructed. The control and structure layout of online course teaching terminal are realized on the user interface, and the system optimization design is completed. The system test results show that the bus data transmission performance of the system for online course teaching is good, and it can effectively meet the personalized needs.

IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA LITERASI DIGITAL UNTUK MENGUATKAN MODERASI BERAGAMA BAGI SANTRI (STUDI KASUS DI MAHAD UIN MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG)

This study provides a review of the implementation of digital literacy culture to instill the values ​​of religious moderation for students in a tertiary-based Islamic boarding school at Mahad UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The focus of the study discusses digital literacy culture at the implementation level and the resulting impact so that it contributes to the formation of more moderate religious thought and behavior for students. The research method is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using interviews, documentation and observation. Meanwhile, data analysis uses flow stages: 1) data reduction, 2) data display, 3) conclusion verification. The findings of this study are to change the mindset of students in a positive way so that they can understand a more moderate Islamic religion. Second, training and building a more connected and trusted social media network between Islamic boarding schools. Third, producing content containing the teachings of religious moderation values ​​from Kyai to be distributed in digital media. while the impact resulting from the implementation of digital literacy culture at Mahad UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang is the emergence of awareness to practice and expand the values ​​of religious moderation from Kyai and other religious leaders who are considered to be in harmony with the values ​​of Islamic teachings. Second, integrating all values ​​of religious moderation in one digital media network so that it is easy for all generations to learn.

Towards a Methodology of Unwatched Digital Media

Cinema and Media Studies scholarship has historically been grounded in examining media that has been deemed significant. Whether that significance has been determined to be social, aesthetic, political, or even economic, our focus has been trained on understanding and explaining its import. In the age of digital media networks, we now have the added metrics of shares and likes to support our methods of media consumption and engagement, or at the least confirm that there is indeed an active audience. Building from established approaches in the field, this article seeks to bring attention to the digital media landscape to ask, what do digital audiovisual media that have been posted online but do not circulate have to offer? A close textual analysis of several such videos is used to advocate for a methodology to elucidate the themes, identities, and production practices that are escaping (algorithmically informed) representation.

Theorizing the Invisible for the Media Industry: Cryptology and the Unknown Inequality

Theorizing the Invisible for the Media Industry:Cryptology and the Unknown Inequality Soo-Young Nam (bio) Digital Media Networks and the Invisible System Our hope that the development of digital technology will enrich our media experience is predicated on the belief that digital records are infallible. This concept of infallibility now seems to be going to extremes. The NFT (non-fungible token) has become one piece of evidence. A digital device is a system that can process large amounts of data without errors, and the capacity of this system is growing so large that it is difficult for us to measure it. Now, in this vast network, the pieces that are difficult to specify individually are asserting themselves as absolute proof of infallibility by forming an irreplaceable combination. An NFT proves its value in such a blockchain-like way, with a one-and-only-one combination. Another characteristic of an NFT is that it is based on the communication between machines (computers), rather than an ordinary token that is perceptible to humans. Apart from the fact that recent media arts (e.g., new media arts) are traded through NFT certification, the emergence of NFTs interestingly discloses the aspect of the media environment of modern society of late capitalism in terms of the question of how to deal with the invisible. I will focus on the point that this new industry of NFTs makes profits from "the invisible" to argue that "the invisible" becomes a new field for the capitalist apparatus and raises critical questions beyond the human-centered culture. Therefore, it will be necessary to pay attention to cryptology as a way to theorize how to deal with "the invisible" in our digital culture. NFTs may provide benefits through economic expansion in the short term, but in the long run they will deepen knowledge inequality and reinforce distrust in the public sphere. In the long run, our belief in media democratization (roughly meaning the growth of people's participation in media) through media eruption can be distorted and led to the dysfunction of mass communication in high-tech media environments such as South Korea. South Korea's internet environment is better than any other country's. It is also difficult to deny its advanced digital media technology. [End Page 123] South Korea can be considered a prime example of a media eruption. Here I use the term "media eruption" in two senses: the overflow of new media of different types, and the overflow of information through these media at the same time. In this era, our daily lives are connected with media whether voluntarily or unconsciously, in analog or digital ways. In most cases, we are also involved in the production of information disseminated by such media. The purposes of this article are twofold: first, to point out an aspect of South Korean society from a critical point of view on the media overflow in contemporary South Korea; and second, to examine whether such a change in the media environment can ultimately provide an opportunity to critically analyze the operating techniques of the invisible as new driving forces of capitalism via the idea of cryptology. In other words, I will point out the negative aspects from the sociological perspective of media overflow, as well as the positive turning points in terms of machine and media discourse. Of course, each pole is already two-sided in its own right. For example, media criticism does not ignore the historical elements of media democratization, aspects that address the long history of inequality in information production, of balancing information distribution by recognition of popular consensus. On the other hand, overcoming the human-centered discourse was not achieved without considering the problem of the loss of subjectivity caused by the domination of technological media. The Politics of Invisibility Nick Couldry explains that people use media almost as rituals, ways of strengthening our sense of belonging to society. His insight points to society at the peak of live broadcasting at the end of the twentieth century, when twenty-four-hour broadcasts and live programs made people feel as if their lives were linked to the center of society. However, since 9/11, when the world witnessed...

Public Prejudicial Discourse as a Global Socio-Ethnic Phenomenon: Using Digital Media to Limit Detrimental Language Flows

Studies continuously seek answers to how harmful speech delivered by any group or individual to three or more people affects their wellbeing. Specifically, deliverers target specific individuals or groups with their speech often unjustifiably or incorrectly based solely on the individual’s association with a group. Various avenues have been used to disseminate prejudicial data, creating different reactions. Whether verbal antagonism—casual racial slurs or disparaging race-sensitive comments or non-verbal expressions—explicit and implicit images published to denigrate an individual or group, prejudicial narratives have massive socio-economic and cultural consequences. Nevertheless, prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on their membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954); it is common against an unfamiliar cultural group and behaviors associated with prejudice such as discrimination, racism, sexism, homophobia, and ageism are now rife in communities worldwide and digital media networks. This paper analyzes some behavioral theories and uses the matrix of self-awareness and its ability to unlock our understanding of communication between groups and enhance group cultures. Referencing the use of prejudicial language in America and the United Nations Human Rights Commission’s efforts to track prejudicial discourse, it suggests steps to limit anti-other behaviors.

Urban Connective Action: The Case of Events Hosted in Public Space

In the past decade, significant transformations have influenced the governance of urban public spaces. There has also been a growth in new public spheres associated with digital media networks, informing and influencing the production and regulation of urban space. In this article, we explore the role of digital and social media as a form of connective action supporting public campaigns about the privatisation and erosion of public space in the Scottish city of Edinburgh. We draw on analysis of Twitter data, interviews and observations of offline events to illustrate how a broad coalition of actors utilise online and offline tactics to contest the takeover of public space, confirming that that the virtual and the physical are not parallel realms but continuously intersecting social realities. Finally, we reflect on the extent to which digital media-enabled connective action can influence the orientation of urban controversies debates and lead to material change in the way urban public space is managed and regulated.

Hindu nationalism’s crisis machine

This essay looks at Hindu nationalism’s investment in a crisis machine linked closely to digital media networks in India. Media infrastructures have provided right-wing populism with new techniques...

Post-normal science communication: exploring the blurring boundaries of science and journalism

This article provides a framework for analysing changes and continuities in science communication. The field is challenged by three contexts: (1) ‘post-normal situations’ of coping with uncertainties, value questions, an urgency to take action, and associated political pressures; (2) a dramatically changing media environment, and (3) a polarizing discourse culture. We refine the concept of post-normal science to make it more applicable to analyse public science communication in an era of digital media networks. Focussing on changes in the interactions between scientists and journalists, we identify two ideal types: normal and post-normal science communication, and conclude that the boundaries of science and journalism are blurring and under renegotiation. Scientists and journalists develop new shared role models, norms, and practices. Both groups are increasingly acting as advocates for common goods that emphasize the emerging norms of post-normal science communication: transparency, interpretation, advocacy and participation.

Brick, Mortar, and Screen: Networked Digital Media, Popular Music, and the Reinvention of the Public Radio Station

ABSTRACT This article details the various forces that shaped public radio station KEXP’s evolution from the 70s to today. It addresses the ways that Seattle’s specific cultural, economic, and technological advantages enabled it to take on its current form as a key presence in global pop music curation and discovery. It argues that the station’s progression thus represents a potential model for other legacy public radio stations in an era of diminishing public and institutional funding. However, this approach’s viability will depend upon how effectively stations are able to leverage their local communities to compete in the networked digital media paradigm.

Introducing Immersive Reality into the Journalism Curriculum

Following the introduction of the Google Cardboard virtual reality (VR) head mounted display (HMD) in 2014, mainstream journalism began exploring the potential of VR to transform news storytelling as an immersive experience (Lalwani, 2015; Somaiya, 2015). However, unlike the transformative impact of social media on journalism and journalism education (Mulrennan, 2017), VR has taken several years for this to filter into the curriculum of journalism higher education. AUT’s journalism programme includes a final semester, capstone, assessment in which students produce a piece of long-form immersive journalism that provides the opportunity to embed VR storytelling as an authentic immersive experience. To address this we created a collaborative curriculum design team in 2019 to design a workshop (Sissons & Cochrane, 2019) to introduce journalism students to the potential of VR to explore and create an immersive journalism experience. We used a design based research methodology (McKenney & Reeves, 2019) to structure the curriculum design process into four phases: initial analysis and exploration, development of a prototype curriculum intervention, evaluation and redesign of the intervention, and dissemination of identified design principles and findings. Meeting weekly the design team brainstormed a workshop that mapped the affordances of mobile XR to a real world project, and created a simple demonstration XR environment (https://seekbeak.com/v/kvPq47DpjAw). We founded the workshop design upon the principles of heutagogy (Blaschke & Hase, 2019), as the principles of heutagogy map closely to the core journalism graduate profile outcomes (Cochrane, Sissons, & Mulrennan, 2017). In this workshop students worked in teams to film and compile an interactive experience based on the University’s Journalism Media Centre, creating an interactive tour using SeekBeak (https://seekbeak.com). Using AUTEC ethics processes we obtained informed consent from the participating students for a feedback survey that will inform the second phase redesign of the curriculum design for 2020. Anonymous post-workshop student feedback survey responses, with a 78% return rate (https://www.surveymonkey.com/results/SM-5SMVCVSJ7/) were very positive. We believe this collaborative curriculum design approach provides a simple model that can be utilised in other higher education discipline contexts.
 References
 
 Blaschke, L. M., & Hase, S. (2019). Heutagogy and digital media networks: Setting students on the path to lifelong learning. Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 1(1), 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v1i1.1
 Cochrane, T., Sissons, H., & Mulrennan, D. (2017). Mainstreaming Mobile Learning in Journalism Education. In H. Crompton & J. Traxler (Eds.), Mobile Learning in Higher Education: Challenges in Context (pp. 19-30). New York: Routledge.
 Lalwani, M. (2015). ABC News introduces VR initiative with 360-degree tour of Syria. Retrieved from http://www.engadget.com/2015/09/17/abc-news-introduces-vr-initiative-with-360-degree-tour-of-syria/
 McKenney, S., & Reeves, T. (2019). Conducting educational design research (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
 Mulrennan, D. (2017). Mobile Social Media and the News: Where Heutagogy Enables Journalism Education. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, OnlineFirst(0), 1-12. doi:10.1177/1077695817720762
 Sissons, H., & Cochrane, T. (2019). Newsroom Production: XRJournalism Workshop. Retrieved from https://tinyurl.com/XRJournalism
 Somaiya, R. (2015, 20 October 2015). The Times partners with Google on virtual reality project. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/21/business/media/the-times-partners-with-google-on-virtual-reality-project.html?smid=tw-nytimestech&smtyp=cur&_r=1

Mobile Video Production

Smartphone ownership has become ubiquitous (International Telecommunication Union, 2017), but also fragmented by the variety of manufacturers and models available. In particular there are significant differences between the two major smartphone platforms (iOS and Android). This workshop is designed to provide participants with a cross-platform toolkit for implementing BYOD user-generated mobile video content in higher education contexts (Cochrane & Sinfield, 2019). Grounded on the concepts of learner-generated contexts, heutagogy or self-determined learning (Blaschke & Hase, 2019), and authentic learning (Burden & Kearney, 2016), the workshop facilitators will outline a framework for user-generated mobile video production (Sinfield, 2018). The workshop will illustrate the framework by examples of BYOD student projects, and will introduce participants to a hands-on exploration of an ecology of resources for mobile collaborative video production and sharing via digital social media platforms.
 
 Schedule (100 mins)
 
 Introductions (5 min) 
 Participant survey (5 min)
 
 
 Overview of collaborative mobile video production technologies (10 min)
 
 Hardware
 Student project examples 
 
 Mobile video activities (20 min) 
 
 
 
 Adobe Premier Clip App
 LG360 Cam’s
 
 Support
 Streetview
 YouTube360
 
 
 Collaborative Video project development (45 min) 
 Participants choose a topic to work on as a mobile video production team, for example:
 
 
 
 Autumn (Albert Park)
 Construction
 Transportation
 Time Lapse
 
 Sharing and review of participant projects (Upload to YouTube and share) (10 min)
 Reflections – sharing of project URLs and reflections via Twitter and the #SOTELNZ hashtag (5 min)
 END
 
 References
 
 Blaschke, L. M., & Hase, S. (2019). Heutagogy and digital media networks: Setting students on the path to lifelong learning. Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 1(1), 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v1i1.1
 Burden, K., & Kearney, M. (2016). Conceptualising Authentic Mobile Learning. In D. Churchill, J. Lu, K. F. T. Chiu, & B. Fox (Eds.), Mobile Learning Design: Theories and Application (pp. 27-42). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
 Cochrane, T., & Sinfield, D. (2019, 4 July). Mobile Video Production Workshop: Exploring a BYOD development framework and toolkit. Paper presented at the HERDSA Conference 2019: Next Generation, Higher Education: Challenges, Changes and Opportunities, University of Auckland.
 International Telecommunication Union. (2017). ICT facts and figures 20172017(April). Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/facts/ICTFactsFigures2017.pdf
 Sinfield, D. (2018). The Boundaries of Education: Using mobile devices for connecting people to places. Research in Learning Technology, 26(Special collection on Mobile Mixed Reality). doi:https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v26.2121

Appeals to Science: Recirculation of Online Claims in Socioscientific Reasoning

Conflicting knowledge claims regarding complex issues have become readily available through networked digital media, and the introduction of Internet access to classrooms has provided opportunities for accessing a huge number of sources. Science education plays an important role in providing students opportunities to seek and evaluate information and engage in reasoning. The aim of this article is to analyze ways upper secondary science students invoke recirculated online claims originating from a scientific paper in conversations regarding genetically modified organisms (GMO), and to understand how such invocations are effective in order for students to engage accountably. By using the notion of communicative activity types—the meaning and function of the recirculated claims were analyzed in (1) a peer discussion, (2) a debate, and (3) a reflective seminar. The persuasive power of the discursive resource “appeals to science” is illustrated when students enlist scientific objectivity and rigor to underpin the credibility of arguments in a debate, and when qualifying a reflective position in a seminar, whereas they reflect on how actors in a Web context use appeals to science rhetorically when engaged in a discussion with peers reporting online claims. The study offers insight into kinds of communicative competences involved in conversations and how “scientific facts” justify, in this case, opposition to GMO. Finally, it is reflected upon the importance of not only learning how to make well-founded knowledge claims, but also to understand how science is used rhetorically in order to develop appropriate responses to complex issues in the digital age.

Heutagogy and digital media networks

The combined trends of learner-centred teaching and ubiquitous technology use in the classroom have given instructors a unique opportunity to support students in developing lifelong learning skills. Heutagogy (or self-determined learning) provides a promising framework for capitalizing on these developing trends, drawing on established learner-centred education theories that strongly emphasize learner autonomy. The key principles of heutagogy – learner agency, self-efficacy and capability, reflection and metacognition, and non-linear learning – provide a foundation for designing and developing learning ecologies, the potential of which can be further maximized through the use of digital media. This article describes the theory of heutagogy and the learner-centred pedagogies on which the theory is founded, as well as providing an explanation of the pedagogy-andragogy-heutagogy (PAH) continuum and its use in developing student skills. It also explores the role of social media in supporting the development of those skills.

Video Game Industry and User-Generated Content: A Dynamic Interplay Between Laws and Video Game Community Norms

In the course of the past few years, the traditional model of media production, based on the premise that content is produced by professional creators and then consumed by passive audiences, has become increasingly outdated. The development of new digital media networks and online content-sharing platforms has bridged the divide between creators and consumers, and significantly changed the way in which culture is produced, distributed and consumed. From user reviews and blogs to video ‘mashups’ and music remixes, it is clear that members of the public want to actively participate in the creation of original media content. On the other hand, many media producers feel very differently about the creative desires of their fans. Wishing to protect their intellectual and commercial interests, they frequently rely on intellectual property laws and license agreements to either completely restrict their fans’ rights to create user-generated content or, alternatively, seek to secure legal ownership of all such content. At first glance, it may seem that only one side’s interests can prevail. Focusing on the video game industry, this paper will argue that a compromise is possible. The interactions between developers and publishers of video games, and fans engaged in the creation of video game modifications show that IP owners can unlock the creative potential of their fans without having to surrender control over their IP or fan-made works. In fact, by departing from their standard deterrence-based strategies for IP protection, acknowledging the existence of community norms, and actively engaging in an open dialogue with their fans, IP owners can not only secure greater compliance with, and even increase the normative support for, their rules and policies but, potentially, also discover a more effective solution to the problem of piracy and online IP infringement.

Focus Media Holding Ltd. (2014)

In November 2011, Muddy Waters, a U.S. short-seller fund, accused Focus Media of overstating the size of its business. Focus Media's stock price fell sharply at first but then rebounded as the company countered the attacks. In March 2012, however, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission launched its own investigation and pressured Focus Media to amend some of its filings. A few months later, CEO Jiang partnered with a group of private equity firms, to take Focus Media private in a deal valued at more than $3.7 billion—China's largest-ever buyout. In the following months, several Chinese companies followed suit and delisted from the NASDAQ. In mid-2014, the PE firms in the consortium wanted to cash out of their equity positions, and Jiang faced the difficult decision of what to do next. Excerpt UVA-F-1722 Rev. Jan. 26, 2015 Focus Media Holding Ltd. (2014) The past decade had been a wild ride for Jason Jiang, the founder, chairman, and CEO of Focus Media Holding, a multiplatform digital advertising and media company. Shortly after he founded the company in 2003, he was named Media Man of the Year by Media magazine. Building on its success as the leading digital media network in China, Focus Media went public in July 2005 in the largest initial public offering (IPO) of a Chinese company on NASDAQ (ticker: FMCN) up to that time. In 2006 and 2007, China's stock market experienced a dramatic price appreciation followed by a wave of companies seeking the prestige that came with being listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ (Exhibit 1). At the peak of the wave in 2010, China-based firms represented more than 25% of all IPOs listed on U.S. stock exchanges (Exhibit 2). But investor sentiment regarding the U.S.-listed Chinese firms weakened when analysts started to suspect business and accounting fraud in some of the U.S.-listed Chinese firms. In November 2011, Muddy Waters, a U.S. short-seller fund, accused Focus Media of overstating the size of its business. Focus Media's stock price fell sharply at first but then rebounded as the company countered the attacks. In March 2012, however, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) launched its own investigation and pressured Focus Media to amend some of its filings. A few months later, Jiang partnered with a group of private equity (PE) firms, including the Carlyle Group, to take Focus Media private in a deal valued at more than $ 3.7 billion—China's largest-ever buyout. In the following months, several Chinese companies followed suit and delisted from the NASDAQ. In mid-2014, the PE firms in the consortium wanted to cash out of their equity positions, and Jiang faced the difficult decision of what to do next. Should the company stay private by going through a leveraged recap or secondary buyout of the PE stakes? Would the company be able to go public again, this time with a listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange? And would Focus Media be well received in Hong Kong after its turbulent history in U.S. markets? . . .

Exploring YouTube as a Transformative Tool in the “The Power of MAKEUP!” Movement

Exploring YouTube as a Transformative Tool in the “The Power of MAKEUP!” Movement

Identification of Relationship between the Use of Mobile-based Virtual Social Networks and Critical Thinking Skills

Today, scientists know the use of critical thinking skills as one of the ways of equipping students to keep pace with the fast moving world of information technology and digital media networks. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of virtual social skills of mobile-based and critical thinking in students Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Allameh Tabataba'i. Research was survey .The study population is all students of Allameh Tabataba'i University Faculty of Education and Psychology. Using simple random sampling of 100 people were chosen as samples. ANOVA of one way ANOVA was used for data analysis (ANOVA) and Tokay test to determine differences between groups. The results showed that students who use the mobile-based virtual social networks and critical thinking, and aspects of evaluation, analysis, inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, there was no significant difference and no significant difference was observed only in the aspect of perception. Also shown there was no significant difference among the groups that are mobile-based virtual social networks with a group that did not use it. So we need to find ways to vaccinate society against new technologies in order to provide a framework for the proper use of facilities including mobile technology. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n1s1p259

Government Surveillance and Counter-Surveillance on Social and Mobile Media: The Case of Iran (2009)

Government Surveillance and Counter-Surveillance on Social and Mobile Media: The Case of Iran (2009)