Against the endless new pandemics, market prospect of medical neutral glasses unprecedentedly enlarged. To obtain instructive guidance for optimizing neutral glass, the different effects of transition metal oxides (TiO2 and Fe2O3) on glasses properties and structure were studied in this work. Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and performance analysis, Ti and Fe were certified as modifiers uniformly; but they showed selective influence on network structural units for the diverse adjustments on free oxygen and compensation cations: Fe2O3 is associated with arising of [BO4], and TiO2 promoted formation of [AlO4]. In general, TiO2 and Fe2O3 weakened thermal stability and partial chemical properties for altered network linkage and compactness, however, they enhanced water resistance due to a unique blocking function. With them co-doped, amber neutral glasses were acquired, which possessed the high thermal stability but lower chemical resistance. All glasses satisfy the related requirements for medical package application.