Neighborhood Institutions Research Articles

The Queen of the Vic: Eliza Vincent's Actress-Management of the Victoria Theatre, London, 1841–1856

The Queen of the Vic: Eliza Vincent's Actress-Management of the Victoria Theatre, London, 1841–1856

Recidivism and Neighborhood Institutions: Evidence from the Rise of the Evangelical Church in Chile

Recidivism and Neighborhood Institutions: Evidence from the Rise of the Evangelical Church in Chile

Neighborhood Institutions and Wellbeing: Youth Perspectives from East Oakland

Previous articleNext article No AccessNeighborhood Institutions and Wellbeing: Youth Perspectives from East OaklandBrenda Mathias and Demond HillBrenda Mathias Search for more articles by this author and Demond Hill Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research Just Accepted Published for the Society for Social Work and Research Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/726231 HistoryAccepted May 05, 2023 © 2023 Society for Social Work and Research. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

City building knowledge from neighbourhoods in Asia Pacific

AbstractNeighbourhoods are places of social encounters on a daily basis, but they are getting insufficient attention from policy makers and urban studies in conceptualising the city. While the city is often the unit of analysis and boundaries of data collection, social constructions of the city are mostly from neighbourhoods. By shifting the analysis to the neighbourhood scale, we are moving scholarship and research on two fronts. First, we need to think about city building knowledge at a pedagogical and methodological level. Second, we want to examine processes and amenity creation at the neighbourhood scale and make visible the ways these add to city politics, economy, and culture. Articles in this special issue contribute to urban scholarship in the following ways: (i) neighbourhood as a method of urban studies; (ii) understanding urban politics and government; (iii) the role of urban informality and small businesses; and (iv) the role of traditional neighbourhood institutions in the social life of the city. Neighbourhoods can be poorly resourced and inward‐looking, but in many cases localised interests, relationships and organisations are capable of collective action, networking beyond their localities, and inspiring its residents with aspirations of the city's future directions.

Mahaul and Mazboori: educational aspirations and realities of Dalit youth in Delhi

This paper examines the predicament of the Dalit youth in their pursuit of higher education through a qualitative study in a low-income locality of Delhi. In absence of control over material resources historically, education offered promise in liberating socially excluded groups for its instrumental link with modern occupational structure. The policy of universal public education backed up with affirmative action in India has formally aided its access across sections. Even as the participation of the hitherto marginalized groups has been increasing manifold, privatization and marketisation in the education sector under the neo-liberal regime have transformed the educational landscape. Dalit youth is largely segregated into low-quality distance and social sciences education. The paper discusses various constraining and motivating factors embedded within and outside the neighbourhood and educational institutions which shape their educational interests, choices, and decisions. It elaborates on how cumulative socio-cultural, spatial, and historical disadvantages continue to shape the process of educational exclusion, even when these groups live in a metropolitan city amidst educational institutions. However, we also stress that the state policies, informed mentors, shared aspirations, and diversity in socio-cultural interactions hold the potential to alter and widen educational aspirations, access, and outcomes.

Trinkhallen Photography: The Many Visual Lives of the Ruhr Region’s Neighborhood Institution

Trinkhallen Photography: The Many Visual Lives of the Ruhr Region’s Neighborhood Institution

The Battles of Germantown: Effective Public History in America

The Battles of Germantown: Effective Public History in America

The role of the neighborhood institution in the upbringing of harmoniously developed generations

The role of the neighborhood institution in the upbringing of harmoniously developed generations

Neighborhood Institutions and Residential Home Sales: Evaluating the Impact of Property Tax Exemptions

We focus on the urban amenities of “neighborhood institutions,” which are the myriad localized governments and nonprofits, such as religious and educational institutions, that provide public or quasi-public services to their neighborhoods. We examine whether neighborhood institutions positively impact their surrounding neighborhoods by utilizing property tax exemption records from the City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during 2002–2016. We combine these records with parcel-level data on residential home sales to identify each institution’s exact location and type. Using a traditional hedonic model and a repeat sales model, we examine the influence of nearby tax-exempt properties on residential home sales. We find from the repeat sales model that close proximity (0 m–250 m) to educational properties, labor halls, and utilities are associated with lower home sale prices, all else equal. We find a sporadic and limited positive correlation with nearby colleges and cemeteries and home sale prices.

Recidivism and Neighborhood Institutions: Evidence from the Rise of the Evangelical Church in Chile

Rehabilitating convicted criminals has proven to be very challenging despite its importance for reducing both crime and incarceration rates. This paper provides causal evidence that the local institutions of the neighborhood where individuals return after prison matter. Specifically, we show that the opening of an Evangelical church reduces twelve-months re-incarceration rates among property crime offenders by more than 10 percentage points. This effect represents a drop of 16\% in the probability of returning to prison for this group of individuals. We find smaller and less precise effects for more severe types of crime. We discuss two classes of mechanisms that could explain our results: religiosity and social support. We provide evidence that the social support provided by evangelical churches is an important driver of our results. This suggests that non-religious local institutions could also play an important role in the rehabilitation of former inmates.

The Promise of Property: Legal Optimism and Collective Efficacy in Chicago’s Urban Agriculture District

AbstractThis article explains how and why community organizers in Chicago’s Englewood neighborhood have found promise in the opportunities that property law provides for addressing community problems. Drawing on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork, it examines the creation of neighborhood institutions for Chicago’s first urban agriculture district. These institutions have been informed by memories of slavery and sharecropping, and of the role played by food production and economic cooperation in struggles for African American self-determination. To keep ownership, use, and benefits of urban farmland local, organizers in Englewood founded a community land trust as a way to cultivate a sense of community ownership and control, and as a way to chip away at the alienation that blocks residents from addressing local problems. Prior studies have linked collective efficacy and residents’ individual sense of ownership; the experience in Englewood points to how collective efficacy could also be fostered by institutions that demonstrate collective, African-American ownership of community resources. The article discusses why organizers and residents in race-class subjugated communities may find promise in the sense of sovereignty and legal agency afforded by property.

Parental dalam Pendidikan Islam

Early childhood education started prenatal phase or in the womb, which based on the research behind it is still a lot of older people who did not understand about the start of education towards early childhood, especially in the world of Islamic education. Many scientific studies such as the biological sciences, medicine, and developmental psychology that discusses parenting children against in the womb. Islam actually any review about child development that starts from the process of creating it, upbringing in the womb, to parenting in the family. But the fact that many people still do not know. This research used the qualitative research methodology, sampling done to families and pregnant mother on neighborhood institution ma'arif Metro City of Lampung. The formulation of the problem is, how parenting parents, learning materials and educational perspective of islam against the child in the content of prenatal period. The results of this study explain about parenting and the material provided on Islamic education perspective turned out to give the development and growth of the child in the womb to the prenatal phase. As for parenting and the material provided by prayer, morality and morals, listens to chanting the qur'an, pattern language, creed and Shari'ah.

Damned from release: the effects of neighborhood churches on general and technical parole violation reincarcerations across time

ABSTRACT Recently, interest has piqued on the effects of neighborhood context on parolee recidivism; however, examinations often neglect to model neighborhood institutions. One type of institution that may be important to neighborhood processes, and moreover, parolee reentry, are houses of worship. Based on the literature, we examine the effect of congregation-oriented (i.e., Evangelical Protestant) and community-oriented (i.e., Catholic and Mainline Protestant) churches on parolee reincarceration. Furthermore, reincarceration was disaggregated to test whether effects were more sensitive to technical parole violations (TPV), or varied by time served on parole. Parolee data were obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (PA-DOC) and Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole (PBPP) for 3,077 parolees released to 209 neighborhoods across Philadelphia. Multilevel analyses indicated that community-oriented (i.e., Mainline Protestant, Catholic) churches were not associated with parolee outcomes. Conversely, Evangelical Protestant churches were associated with increased odds of reincarceration, and strongest on TPV reincarceration and after the initial six months following release.

MAHALLA INSTITUTE - THE FOUNDATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY OF UZBEKISTAN

The article tells about the important social institutions of the Uzbek people for thousands of years - the historical stages of development of the mahalla, the state of the Soviet period, and the modern features of securing independence and democratic development. KEY WORDS: reform, social life, social institution, governance, neighborhood, self-government, neighborhood institution, democratic development, civil society, elections.

The Promise of Property: Legal Optimism and Collective Efficacy in Chicago’s Urban Agriculture District

This article explains how and why community organizers in Chicago’s Englewood neighborhood have found promise in the opportunities that property law provides for addressing community problems. Drawing on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork, it examines the creation of neighborhood institutions for Chicago’s first urban agriculture district. These institutions have been informed by memories of slavery and sharecropping, and of the role played by food production and economic cooperation in struggles for African American self-determination. To keep ownership, use, and benefits of urban farmland local, organizers in Englewood founded a community land trust as a way to cultivate a sense of community ownership and control, and as a way to chip away at the alienation that blocks residents from addressing local problems. Prior studies have linked collective efficacy and residents’ individual sense of ownership; the experience in Englewood points to how collective efficacy could also be fostered by institutions that demonstrate collective, African-American ownership of community resources. The article discusses why organizers and residents in race-class subjugated communities may find promise in the sense of sovereignty and legal agency afforded by property.

Japan, Asian, and Global broader peace operations: functional engagement amid regional estrangement

ABSTRACTThis paper examines Japanese unity of Overseas Despatch Operation (ODO) actors, laws, and operational aspects, interaction with state and institutional actors, ‘4C’ functional regional engagement and concepts of partnership, and Japan’s United Nations Peace Operations-Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Relief Operations (UNPO-HADRO) nexus. Japanese cooperation for dual liberal-international peace and realist security goals within increasing regional strategic competition and nationalist antipathy is examined, particularly in Japan’s ‘poor neighbourhood’. The paper questions why, despite undoubted expertise, Japan has not emerged as a regional UNPO-HADRO development leader, and whether Japanese UNPO-HADRO and ‘pro-active pacifism’ approaches are utilising UNPO-HADRO for Asia-regional strategic competition purposes? Japanese ODO have played important functional engagement, value sharing, and institutional socialisation roles, with integrated legal-civil–military holistic approaches providing models for others and foundations for partnerships. However, despite specialist capacity-building knowledge transfer efforts Asian disquiet remains concerning cooperation and partnership. Japan remains highly risk-averse, raising questions regarding its dependability, and ‘HADRO-CIMIC superpower-aspirations’, or bridging-actor role between Indo-Pacific and ‘Northern-Developed’ practitioners, can be evaluated by Japan’s modest present UNPO actor status. Japanese leadership and initiative is limited by its neighborhood and attendant institutions, but also by its self-perceived identity shaped by historical, alliance, and leadership challenges to manage relative decline.

ACCESSING LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS: HOW DO ETHNIC MINORITIES NAVIGATE THE SYSTEM?

The decision to seek Long Term Services and Supports (LTSS) can be challenging for older adults and family members. These challenges can be greater for members of certain ethnic/cultural minority communities who are not fluent in English. Our study examines the ways in which older adults in limited English-speaking communities (Spanish / Mandarin Chinese) navigate the use of LTSS. The findings will be used to evaluate disparities in service perception and access experienced by these populations. Our research examines the ways in which information is shared among community members and how they identify trusted sources of information. Ultimately, we wish to examine how these social networks and trusted neighborhood institutions do, or do not, connect older adults in need to the formal LTSS system. We use a modeling technique called Social Interaction Modeling (SIM), which allows for the inclusion of both conceptual and data based elements, to frame this process.

Un aeropuerto en el Conurbano. Para una lectura histórica y cultural de un territorio en disputa


 A inicios del siglo XX, El Palomar combinaba un paisaje de quintas, chacras y tambos y un primer núcleo urbano cercano a la estación del ferrocarril Buenos Aires al Pacífico. Como en el Conurbano en su conjunto, pero acentuado quizá por esta condición de relativa lejanía respecto de la localidad cabecera del municipio, fueron las instituciones barriales las que asumieron la gestión de la provisión de servicios urbanos. Desde su conformación, dos instituciones militares conllevan un alto poder de estructuración del territorio, su vida política y formas de sociabilidad: el Colegio Militar de la Nación de 1937 y la Primera Brigada Aérea, conocida desde 1949 como la Base. Cien años después, esta última infraestructura se vio involucrada en el centro de una intensa polémica, cuando el proyecto de autorizar la aeronavegación comercial e inaugurar el Aeropuerto de El Palomar alteró el clima político local. Este artículo analiza desde una perspectiva histórica y cultural estas disputas atendiendo al imaginario urbano en el cual se inscriben. A partir del trabajo con fuentes documentales y entrevistas a residentes, procura reponer en el debate la historia socio-cultural de la base aérea (y su gravitación) como condición de fragua -de identidad- de este suburbio.

"The hook-up": How youth-serving organizations facilitate network-based social capital for urban youth of color.

Young people of color residing in distressed urban contexts face challenges in accessing social capital that supports positive development and the transition to educational and employment opportunities. Youth-serving organizations play potentially important roles for youth participants to access and leverage networks. This ethnographic study draws on qualitative interviews, conducted with adolescents at a youth-serving organization based in East Oakland, California, to examine how network-based social capital is activated and sustained for and by urban Black and Latinx youth. We found that relationships with supportive adult staff at the organization put youth in contact with caring, trusted adults of color outside of their families who serve as role models for them. These adults provide loving accountability to young people, serving as critical forces in distressed and stigmatized communities. We also found that adult staff activate social leverage to garner various current and future educational and professional opportunities for the youth there. These unique opportunities serve to boost young people's current self-esteem and also to prime them to envision positive futures for themselves. Overall, these findings point to the importance of interpersonal pathways embedded within neighborhood institutions in the activation of network-based social capital.

Recidivism and Neighborhood Governance

Recent research on recidivism emphasizes the importance of neighborhoods to successful prisoner reentry. This research analyzes two ways in which institutions of neighborhood governance affect reentry. First, offenders in neighborhoods with institutions supporting social control may have more success in reintegrating into the community. Second, neighborhood institutions may create barriers to entry for ex-offenders more likely to reoffend. To test this, we combine Arkansas Department of Corrections data on offenders returning to Little Rock between 2004 and 2014 with geocoded data on neighborhood and homeowner associations. We analyze this data using Cox proportional hazards and two-stage residual inclusion models of recidivism hazard. We find that a significant relationship exists between recidivism hazard and neighborhood governance, but that this is attributable to nonrandom assignment of ex-offenders to neighborhoods rather than the role neighborhood organizations play in facilitating reentry.