Neighborhood Centers Research Articles

Mental health priorities and cultural-responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training for Asian immigrant populations in Greater Boston, Massachusetts

BackgroundAsians and Asian Americans have the lowest rate of mental health service utilization (25%) in the US compared to other racial/ethnic groups (39 − 52%), despite high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. The lack of culturally-responsive mental health trainings hinders access to mental health services for these populations. We assessed the mental health priorities of Asian communities in Greater Boston and evaluated cultural responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), a first-responder training teaching participants skills to recognize signs of mental health and substance use challenges, and how to appropriately respond.MethodsThis is community-based participatory research with the Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Asian Women For Health (AWFH), and the Addressing Disparities in Asian Populations through Translational Research (ADAPT) Coalition. We conducted focus groups with community-based organization staff and community members to assess mental health priorities of Asian populations in Boston, MA. We then evaluated the utility and cultural-responsiveness of the English-language MHFA for Asian populations through pre- and post-training questionnaires and focus groups with community participants. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate questionnaire responses. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews.ResultsIn total, ten staff and eight community members participated in focus groups, and 24 community members completed the MHFA and pre- and post-training questionnaires. Common mental health challenges in the Asian communities reported by participants were loneliness, high stigma around mental illnesses, academic pressure, and acculturation stress. Compared to pre-training, MHFA participants demonstrated lower personal mental health stigma (p < 0.001) and higher mental health literacy (p = 0.04) post-training. Participants also noted the lack of data statistics and case studies relevant to Asian populations in the training, and desired the training be offered in languages spoken by Asian ethnic subgroups (e.g., Chinese, Vietnamese).ConclusionCultural-responsiveness of the MHFA for Asian populations could be improved with the inclusion of data and case studies that capture common mental health challenges in the Asian communities and with translation of the MHFA to non-English languages predominant in Asian communities. Increasing the cultural relevance and language accessibility of the MHFA could facilitate wider adoption of these trainings across communities and help to reduce mental health stigma and gaps in literacy and service utilization.

Geographic clustering of cannabis stores in Canadian cities: A spatial analysis of the legal cannabis market 4 years post-legalisation.

Following the legalisation of non-medical cannabis in 2018, the number of cannabis stores in Canada has rapidly expanded with limited regulation on their geographic placement. This study characterised the clustering of cannabis stores in Canadian cities and evaluated the association of clustering with provincial policy and sociodemographic variables. Cross-sectional spatial analysis of cannabis store density in dissemination areas ('neighbourhoods', n = 39,226) in Canadian cities in September 2022. Cannabis store density was defined as the count of stores within 1000 m of a neighbourhood centre. Clusters of high-density cannabis retail were identified using Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation. Associations between provincial policy (privatised vs. public market), sociodemographic variables and cannabis store density were evaluated using multivariable regression. Clusters of high-density cannabis retail were identified in 86% of Canadian cities, and neighbourhoods in clusters had a median of 5 stores within 1000 m. Toronto, Canada's most populous city, had the most extreme clustering where neighbourhoods in clusters had a median of 10 stores (and a maximum of 25 stores) within 1000 m. Neighbourhoods in private versus public retail markets had a significantly higher neighbourhood-level density of cannabis stores (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 63.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 25.66-156.33). Lower neighbourhood income quintile was also associated with a higher neighbourhood-level density of cannabis stores (Q5 vs. Q1, aRR 1.28, 95% CI 1.17-1.40). Since cannabis was legalised, clusters of high-density cannabis retail have emerged in most Canadian cities and were more likely to form lower income neighbourhoods and in private retail markets.

Neighborhood Segregation and Access to Live Donor Kidney Transplantation

Identifying the mechanisms of structural racism, such as racial and ethnic segregation, is a crucial first step in addressing the persistent disparities in access to live donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). To assess whether segregation at the candidate's residential neighborhood and transplant center neighborhood is associated with access to LDKT. In this cohort study spanning January 1995 to December 2021, participants included non-Hispanic Black or White adult candidates for first-time LDKT reported in the US national transplant registry. The median (IQR) follow-up time for each participant was 1.9 (0.6-3.0) years. Segregation, measured using the Theil H method to calculate segregation tertiles in zip code tabulation areas based on the American Community Survey 5-year estimates, reflects the heterogeneity in neighborhood racial and ethnic composition. To quantify the likelihood of LDKT by neighborhood segregation, cause-specific hazard models were adjusted for individual-level and neighborhood-level factors and included an interaction between segregation tertiles and race. Among 162 587 candidates for kidney transplant, the mean (SD) age was 51.6 (13.2) years, 65 141 (40.1%) were female, 80 023 (49.2%) were Black, and 82 564 (50.8%) were White. Among Black candidates, living in a high-segregation neighborhood was associated with 10% (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84-0.97]) lower access to LDKT relative to residence in low-segregation neighborhoods; no such association was observed among White candidates (P for interaction = .01). Both Black candidates (AHR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.89-1.00]) and White candidates (AHR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88-0.97]) listed at transplant centers in high-segregation neighborhoods had lower access to LDKT relative to their counterparts listed at centers in low-segregation neighborhoods (P for interaction = .64). Within high-segregation transplant center neighborhoods, candidates listed at predominantly minority neighborhoods had 17% lower access to LDKT relative to candidates listed at predominantly White neighborhoods (AHR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.75-0.92]). Black candidates residing in or listed at transplant centers in predominantly minority neighborhoods had significantly lower likelihood of LDKT relative to White candidates residing in or listed at transplant centers located in predominantly White neighborhoods (65% and 64%, respectively). Segregated residential and transplant center neighborhoods likely serve as a mechanism of structural racism, contributing to persistent racial disparities in access to LDKT. To promote equitable access, studies should assess targeted interventions (eg, community outreach clinics) to improve support for potential candidates and donors and ultimately mitigate the effects of segregation.

Residential Structural Racism and Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions

Studies elucidating determinants of residential neighborhood-level health inequities are needed. To quantify associations of structural racism indicators with neighborhood prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, and hypertension. This cross-sectional study used public data (2012-2018) and deidentified electronic health records (2017-2018) to describe the burden of structural racism and the prevalence of CKD, diabetes, and hypertension in 150 residential neighborhoods in Durham County, North Carolina, from US census block groups and quantified their associations using bayesian models accounting for spatial correlations and residents' age. Data were analyzed from January 2021 to May 2023. Global (neighborhood percentage of White residents, economic-racial segregation, and area deprivation) and discrete (neighborhood child care centers, bus stops, tree cover, reported violent crime, impervious areas, evictions, election participation, income, poverty, education, unemployment, health insurance coverage, and police shootings) indicators of structural racism. Outcomes of interest were neighborhood prevalence of CKD, diabetes, and hypertension. A total of 150 neighborhoods with a median (IQR) of 1708 (1109-2489) residents; median (IQR) of 2% (0%-6%) Asian residents, 30% (16%-56%) Black residents, 10% (4%-20%) Hispanic or Latino residents, 0% (0%-1%) Indigenous residents, and 44% (18%-70%) White residents; and median (IQR) residential income of $54 531 ($37 729.25-$78 895.25) were included in analyses. In models evaluating global indicators, greater burden of structural racism was associated with greater prevalence of CKD, diabetes, and hypertension (eg, per 1-SD decrease in neighborhood White population percentage: CKD prevalence ratio [PR], 1.27; 95% highest density interval [HDI], 1.18-1.35; diabetes PR, 1.43; 95% HDI, 1.37-1.52; hypertension PR, 1.19; 95% HDI, 1.14-1.25). Similarly in models evaluating discrete indicators, greater burden of structural racism was associated with greater neighborhood prevalence of CKD, diabetes, and hypertension (eg, per 1-SD increase in reported violent crime: CKD PR, 1.15; 95% HDI, 1.07-1.23; diabetes PR, 1.20; 95% HDI, 1.13-1.28; hypertension PR, 1.08; 95% HDI, 1.02-1.14). This cross-sectional study found several global and discrete structural racism indicators associated with increased prevalence of health conditions in residential neighborhoods. Although inferences from this cross-sectional and ecological study warrant caution, they may help guide the development of future community health interventions.

Penguatan Moderasi Beragama Di Pesantren Quran Di Kota Cilegon

The goal of this study is to ascertain how religious moderation is being strengthened at the Pesantren Bany Syafii (PBS), which is situated in the center of a residential neighborhood in the city of Cilegon. Data for this qualitative study were gathered through observation, documentation, and interviews. The findings demonstrated that PBS had implemented religious moderation for students through the teaching of the kitab kuning supported by regular rituals like group prayer, recitation of the book, discussions, jam'iyah, and mutual assistance as well as the involvement of the students in extracurricular activities. Aside from that, santri are trained to respect everyone surrounding the boarding school, regardless of their differing religious beliefs. So, This learning on religious tolerance is complementary.

ACS Spring 2023 in Indianapolis

The American Chemical Society held its hybrid spring meeting March 26–30 in Indianapolis. The theme was “Crossroads of Chemistry,” and as of March 29, 12,623 people had registered. Of the attendees, 85% traveled to Indianapolis, while 15% attended virtually. The meeting offered 9,230 oral and poster presentations. On the Saturday before the meeting, as tradition has it, the ACS Kids Zone took place. The Concord Neighborhood Center hosted the event, and about 100 people participated in hands-on activities. On Sunday, March 26, the first official day of the meeting, the plenary session occurred, featuring Nobel laureate David MacMillan. In his talk, titled “The Development of Asymmetric Organocatalysis and Metallaphotoredox,” MacMillan opened with a geography lesson (he is from Scotland), baby pictures, and a story recounting how he wrote a letter to get into a PhD program. After sharing his humble beginnings, he dove into how he worked his way to

MP49-12 ADVANCING COMPREHENSIVE URO-ONCOLOGIC CARE FOR THE URBAN UNDERSERVED

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP49-12 ADVANCING COMPREHENSIVE URO-ONCOLOGIC CARE FOR THE URBAN UNDERSERVED Kit Yuen, Alexis Steinmetz, Mark Ninomiya, and Divya Ajay Kit YuenKit Yuen More articles by this author , Alexis SteinmetzAlexis Steinmetz More articles by this author , Mark NinomiyaMark Ninomiya More articles by this author , and Divya AjayDivya Ajay More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003297.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Racial and socioeconomic disparities in the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of urologic cancers are well documented; solutions to these inequities are not. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating a urologic specialty care clinic into an existing primary care infrastructure. We also aimed to increase trainees’ awareness of health inequities in urologic cancer care. METHODS: St. Joseph’s Neighborhood Center (SJNC) is a Catholic charity organization that provides health care and social services to individuals without health insurance. University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) has a long-standing partnership with SJNC through a student-led primary care clinic. In February 2021, URMC residents organized bi-monthly urology clinics at SJNC staffed by attending, resident, and student volunteers. A preliminary analysis of clinic records was conducted. Qualitative data was obtained through direct observation of program processes and informal feedback with volunteers. RESULTS: Twelve clinics have been held. Four to 6 patients referred by SJNC’s primary care team were seen in each 2-hour evening clinic. Patients were evaluated by student/resident teams, followed by discussion with an attending urologist. Approximately 40% of patients were referred for suspected genitourinary malignancy. Multiple barriers to oncologic diagnostics were identified (Table 1). Hematuria evaluations were the most difficult to coordinate due to cost and logistics of imaging and procedures. Trainees reported an increased awareness of cancer care disparities and the practical challenges of overcoming access to specialty care in a medically underserved community. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive cancer care is routinely fragmented or unavailable to medically underserved populations. Despite a nationally recognized cancer center in Rochester, NY, many individuals living within the urban area struggle to obtain routine cancer screening and evaluations for potentially treatable or curable cancers. We outlined a feasible model of integrating access to uro-oncologic care into a primary care system with sustainable buy-in from local partners. Future directions are to increase the frequency of clinics, access to clinical trials, and decreasing the financial burdens of care. Source of Funding: NA © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e683 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Kit Yuen More articles by this author Alexis Steinmetz More articles by this author Mark Ninomiya More articles by this author Divya Ajay More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Accurate demarcation of a biased nucleus from H&E-stained follicular lymphoma tissues samples

ABSTRACT In recent days, automated demarcation of biased nuclei of follicular lymphoma has become a standard framework in the pipeline of quantitative histopathology. It has received substantial consideration due to subjective variability between different oncologists. This difference can occasionally result in erroneous conclusions, distinct prognostic reports, and inconsistent treatment. This paper provides additional input to an oncologist to ease the prognosis process. This approach defines a local criterion fitting function in neighbourhood of each point based on image intensity. An assumption is pixel intensity will remain constant next to the point. Integration of these local neighbourhood centres leads us to define the global criterion of image segmentation. Segmentation accuracy is evaluated using region-based measures and the optimal segmentation accuracy of 98.6% is achieved using the DICE coefficient. By using locally formulated energy, execution time is also reduced in comparison to the contour algorithm. This technique is independent of the initialization.

Physical environmental factors that affect users’ willingness to visit neighbourhood centres in China

ABSTRACT The physical environment is crucial for creating an attractive and sustainable neighbourhood centre. Previous research has explored various aspects of the physical environments of community public spaces; however, few studies have focused on neighbourhood centres in China or elucidated how to prioritize those factors to affect willingness to visit. A questionnaire survey was used to capture which potential physical environmental factors most affect residents’ perceived willingness to visit a neighbourhood centre. Three hundred fifty-six valid survey answers were collected online from residents of Zhejiang Province, China. The results highlight key physical environmental factors and their relative priorities; safety factors are the most valued by residents, whereas green spaces, number and quietness (which have been discussed in previous studies) are considered generally unimportant. The key factors were classified into three groups: spatial quality, accessibility and spatial capacity. The results presented herein provide new insights from residents about neighbourhood centres. The research developed a comprehensive framework for assessing the physical environment of a neighbourhood centre based on key factor prioritization and grouping characteristics that can guide designers and decision makers in assessing and enhancing neighbourhood centres in communities with limited resources.

Evaluation and Optimization of the Layout of Community Public Service Facilities for the Elderly: A Case Study of Hangzhou

Community public service facilities have a primary supportive role in the health of the elderly. Under the background of global aging, it has become vital to evaluate the elderly-adaptability of their layouts. Based on the supply and demand interaction perspective, this study used the questionnaire-AHP-2SFCA method for this purpose. Firstly, taking the six main districts of Hangzhou as an example, we analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the elderly population, and a weight index table of the health importance of public service facilities was constructed using a questionnaire survey and the AHP method. Secondly, the improved 2SFCA was used to analyze the accessibility of public service facilities in Hangzhou, and combined with the weight index table, the elderly-adaptability of public service facilities in the community life circle was comprehensively evaluated. Finally, the demands of the elderly and the supply of public service facilities in the same region were superimposed to study the differential pattern of supply and demand. The results showed the following: (1) The communities with the largest elderly population are mainly concentrated in Shangcheng District, Xiacheng District, the north of Gongshu District, the west of Jianggan District, and the north of Binjiang District. (2) Green space facilities in parks are most important to the health of the elderly, with a weight of 0.46. (3) The overall evaluation results of the community life circle in the study area were good, and the proportion of areas above the medium level was more than 50%. This showed that the concepts of “neighborhood center” and “big community elderly care” in Hangzhou have achieved initial positive results. (4) Based on the interaction between supply and demand, the research area can be divided into four patterns: supply and demand balance, supply shortage, demand gap, and low supply and demand. The results of this study will help to improve the layout and aging-friendly status of community life circle facilities in Hangzhou, and provide information for other aging cities.

Shoreline evolution of an urbanized coastal dune: Médanos private neighborhood, Necochea, Argentina

The shoreline evolution among three stages (before, during and after urbanization and anthropization of a dune) was analyzed in order to determine the influence of hard structures on coastal dune's dynamics. Through the comparison of the shoreline position extracted from aerial photographs and satellite images, the Digital Shoreline Analysis System tool was used to calculate the rates of evolution. In every coastal zone, the first line of dunes (foredune) is essential to beach dynamics. Problems arise when buildings and/or land parceling take place at these areas. This scenario requires planning, aiming to promote the equilibrium in the marine littoral stripe, and the protection and conservation of its resources. The specifics results of the studied area indicate an advance tendency of the shoreline during two periods before the anthropization (1.25 m/year). During the development of the neighborhood, a retreat tendency of the same magnitude is estimated. After the neighborhood's development, this trend changed into an advance of the order of 0.5 m/year.Through the extended analysis and the zoned beach, shoreline trends in the prior periods of the construction of the neighborhood were to advance. During the construction period, both the SW and NE sectors evidenced minimal movements of their shoreline with values close to zero and, the neighborhood center side showed a retreat. Finally, during the most recent stages (2004–2014 and 2014–2021), both sectors (SW-NE) showed slightly opposite trends, but also close to zero; center side showed an advance. This analysis, supported by oceanographic information on waves, tides and winds, suggests that during the period 1994–2004, there were no records that suggest an erosive potential. This shows a clear anthropic influence between 1994 and 2004 coincident with the neighborhood construction (1996) and dunes fixation.

Segmentation of Nucleus and Cytoplasm from H&amp;E-Stained Follicular Lymphoma

This paper proposes a noble image segment technique to differentiate between large malignant cells called centroblasts vs. centrocytes. A new approach is introduced, which will provide additional input to an oncologist to ease the prognosis. Firstly, a H&amp;E-stained image is projected onto L*a*b* color space to quantify the visual differences. Secondly, this transformed image is segmented with the help of k-means clustering into its three cytological components (i.e., nuclei, cytoplasm, and extracellular), followed by pre-processing techniques in the third step, where adaptive thresholding and the area filling function are applied to give them proper shape for further analysis. Finally, the demarcation process is applied to pre-processed nuclei based on the local fitting criterion function for image intensity in the neighborhood of each point. Integration of these local neighborhood centers leads us to define the global criterion of image segmentation. Unlike active contour models, this technique is independent of initialization. This paper achieved 92% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity in comparing manual vs. automated segmentation.

“Neighborhood Capital”: A Neighborhood Center as the Key to Shaping Cities and Communities

The topic of neighborhood centers has been a focus of research for more than 100 years. These days we see another rebirth of neighborhood centers. Leading development companies are making social investments in this element of the urban fabric. In this article, we reflect on the vision of neighborhood centers, their role, and their search for a development model — something you need to know before you start building your “little neighborhood capital.”

Activity space and the 15-minute neighborhood: An empirical study using big data in Qingdao, China

Daily travel distance in urban China has substantially increased. The spatial layout of the 15-minute neighborhood, which supports local living and encourages walking and biking, was detailed in the Urban Residential District Planning and Design Standards in China in 2018. This study investigates the impacts of the 15-minute neighborhood described in the 2018 standards on activity space, using mobile network data in Qingdao, China. A total of 42,991 subscribers of China Mobile are randomly sampled. The 15-minute neighborhood attributes are objectively measured for sampled residents individually. Our study shows that not all 15-minute neighborhood attributes are associated with smaller activity space. Commercial retail services and green open space, which were found to increase walking and physical activity, do not reduce activity space. On the other hand, public services such as primary school and middle school, bus stops, neighborhood centers, and sports facilities within walking distance are positively associated with smaller activity space.

Construction of neighbourhood centres with high-quality supply in existing communities

The acceleration of China's urbanisation process has led to an imbalance in development between the new and the old areas in the city. This problem can generally be attributed to the growing number of new residential area projects in short supply in the existing communities, the construction scale of the existing communities, the low degree of intensive land use and the inadequate living facilities in the neighbourhood. As a new community service model, a neighbourhood centre can be a good solution. It can be applied to the community commercial construction of new residential areas as well as the transformation of existing communities. It not only meets the diversified needs of residents, but also improves the quality of life and urban environment. Therefore, with the background of old city reconstruction, combined with the ‘Xiangnan Bafang neighbourhood centre’ project, this paper presents and establishes a set of effective neighbourhood centre construction modes for the reconstruction of old residential areas from the perspectives of the core elements of high-quality supply, the compound development of the ground and the underground, and the co-operation mode with the government and enterprises.

Sister Margaret Philomena Gannon, I.H.M. (Sister Mary Anina) (June 2, 1937–October 24, 2022)

Sister Margaret Philomena Gannon, I.H.M. (Sister Mary Anina) (June 2, 1937–October 24, 2022) Margaret M. McGuinness Click for larger view View full resolution Sister Margaret Gannon, I.H.M. (Sister Mary Anina), died October 24, 2022, at Our Lady of Peace Residence, Scranton, Pennsylvania. Until her retirement in 2014, she had been a faculty member in the Department of Social Sciences at Marywood University in Scranton. She is survived by two brothers, several nieces and nephews, and members of her religious congregation. Margaret Philomena Gannon was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 2, 1937, to John and Josephine Gannon. In 1956, during her freshman year at what was then Marywood College, she entered the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Scranton), and professed her final vows on August 15, 1963. Sister Margaret received a B.A. in history and English from Marywood, and later earned a M.A. and Ph.D. in history from St. John’s University, New York. Prior to joining the faculty at Marywood, Sister Margaret served in several elementary and high schools, including Holy Angels (Pittsburgh), Our Lady Queen of Martyrs (Forest Hills, New York), and St. Joseph’s High School (Williamsport, PA). [End Page 240] In addition to her work as a tenured professor of history at Marywood University, Sister Margaret held the positions of dean of the Undergraduate School for Women, coordinator of diversity efforts, and chair of the Social Science Department; she also founded the women’s studies minor at the university. Sister Margaret was awarded membership in Marywood’s Order Cor Mariae–Pro Fide et Cultura in recognition of her service and dedication to the university. Sister Margaret was especially interested in the life and work of Sister Theresa Maxis Duchemin, I.H.M., a founding member of both the Oblate Sisters of Providence (OSP) and the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the IHM’s erased the role Maxis, a Black sister, played in their establishment and history. As the three IHM congregations began to reclaim their history during the latter decades of the twentieth century, however, Sister Margaret (along with other members of the congregations) was instrumental in correcting the narrative to include Sister Theresa Maxis as one of the congregations’ founders. Paths of Daring Deeds of Hope: Letters By and About Theresa Maxis Duchemin (independently published, 2022) and Pilgrim: Let Your Heart Be Bold: Mother Theresa Maxis Duchemin, IHM (independently published 2018) lead to a better historical understanding of both Mother Theresa Maxis and the founding of the three congregations of the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. Along with her academic and administrative responsibilities, in 1995 Sister Margaret helped found the African Sisters Education Collaborative (ASEC), an organization that helps to educate African women religious planning to teach in their local communities. Sister Margaret participated in the ASEC’s first service trip to Tanzania and served as a board member for many years. After her 2014 retirement from Marywood University, Sister Margaret volunteered for Catholic Relief Services as a refugee resettlement volunteer and served on the board of directors of the United Neighborhood Centers of Northeast Pennsylvania. She was a prayer minister at Our Lady of Peace Residence from 2021 until her death. Sister Margaret Gannon, I.H.M., devoted her life to her students, her congregation, and social justice. May she rest in peace. [End Page 241] Margaret M. McGuinness La Salle University Copyright © 2023 The Catholic University of America Press ...

Comparison of the effectiveness of positive cognitive behavior therapy and rational emotive behavior therapy on psychological well-being among unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran

Background and Aim: One of the axes of evaluating the health of different societies is the mental health status of the people of that society, and it is very important to pay attention to the psychological health status of different groups of society, especially the youth. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the effectiveness of rational emotional behavior therapy and positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being in unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran. Methods: The test was with a control group and with a follow-up phase. The statistical population of this research was unmarried women aged 25 to 35 years old in Tehran who visited the neighborhood centers in one district of Tehran in the second half of 2021. The sampling method was purposeful. The research included a control group and two experimental groups, the number of each group was 20 people who were randomly placed in these groups. The instrument used in this research included Ryff's psychological well-being questionnaire (1989). The data analysis of this research was done in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the inferential statistics section, according to the research design, univariate covariance analysis test was used and SPSS version 24 software was used for data analysis. Results: The findings showed that both interventions are effective in increasing the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. Comparing the results of these two interventions showed that the effect of positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being with an effect size of 0.54 is greater than that of rational emotional behavior therapy with an effect size of 0.49. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, it can be said that the positive cognitive behavior therapy method is more effective than the rational emotional behavior therapy method on the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. The positive cognitive behavior therapy approach can be used by therapists and clients as an effective method to improve the psychological well-being of unmarried women.

Churches and Urban Regeneration in Postindustrial Amsterdam

The central focus of this article is the interaction between religious actors and urban regeneration in the former industrial area of Amsterdam North. While there is extensive literature on the structural, sociocultural, and economic impact of urban regeneration and related processes of gentrification, the role of religious groups in these processes of neighborhood change has largely been ignored. Based on ethnographic research, I examine how different Christian movements interact with their changing neighborhood in varied forms. The redevelopment of industrial buildings and the gentrification of working-class neighborhoods in Amsterdam North enable different but particular forms of Christian place-making. I focus on two forms of engagement with urban spaces: (a) the reuse of industrial buildings by Pentecostal movements and (b) the transformation of traditional Protestant church buildings into socially mixed neighborhood centers. These two different forms of urban place-making highlight how Christian organizations bring the active agency to urban regeneration and cocreate urban neighborhoods materially and socially.

Sexual division of labor, unemployment, and drug use in Buenos Aires underprivileged youths

ABSTRACT Although Argentina went through a socially inclusive cycle of economic growth during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, differences have continued throughout its population, resulting in unequal living conditions according to gender, social sector, and residency status, causing young people to face a broadly segmented opportunity structure. This article presents a study about the social trajectories of young people living in marginalized neighborhoods in Argentina. It considers gender inequality as a factor that structures and runs through the various dimensions of the daily life of young people as the focus for this analysis. This work presents the results of an action-research conducted through the application of a survey to young people between 18 and 35 years of age organized in community neighborhood centers. They show labor trajectories marked by instability, informality, and long periods of inactivity, tendencies that are especially prevalent in the case of women. The findings revealed that due to the prevailing unemployment and job insecurity, marginalized neighborhoods grew where the expansion of the drug market took place. This, together with the persistence of a traditional gender model and increased violence, intersected and defined misguided trajectories in youth groups exposed to continuous segregation.

Local centres in post-socialist suburbs: Redefined concept and retrofitting perspectives

Abstract Chaotically developed post-socialist suburbs need retrofitting by providing residents with a local central space. This research aims at developing a typology of suburban local centres, describing the most common central spaces according to adopted criteria, as well as identifying which type of local centre has the most potential to be perceived as such by suburbanites and how suburban municipalities plan central spaces. The research was conducted in six institutional Warsaw suburbs representing the most common types of local centres of a neighbourhood catchment area. The research has shown that spatial criteria differentiate local centres more than social criteria. Concentric layouts attract different non-residential functions more effectively than linear ones. When recognising some spaces as central, the legibility of the broader spatial arrangement and the presence of key objects with centre-forming functions seems to be important. Factors that distort such recognition include the excessive dispersion of buildings, shops, and service points; peripheral or random location of the main activity node; poorly designed and equipped central spaces; and the proximity to large-scale shopping centres and recreational areas/objects. When looking for a model of retrofitting post-socialist suburbs through strengthening neighbourhood centres, it is worth recalling the concept of the so-called “third places”.