Negative Coping Research Articles

Exploring the impact of physical exercise on mental health among female college students: the chain mediating role of coping styles and psychological resilience

BackgroundFemale college students are a high-risk group for psychological conflicts, and they are more likely to adopt negative coping styles under stress, which can lead to anxiety, depression, and other psychological problems, as well as pose hidden threats to the healthy development of school education and social work. Although physical exercise is an important means of effectively alleviating the psychological health of female college students, and there may be a close relationship between coping styles and psychological resilience with physical exercise and psychological health, specific ways to promote the psychological health of female college students by influencing their coping styles and enhancing their psychological resilience have yet to be explored.MethodsThe present study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate a sample of Chinese undergraduate female college students. A total of 659 participants were recruited during the second half of the 2023–2024 academic year, and they all completed assessments including the Physical Activity Rating Scale, College Mental Health Scale, Brief Coping Styles Questionnaire, and Psychological Resilience Scale. Subsequently, descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze the obtained reliable data.Results and conclusionThe study revealed two significant correlations among female college students, namely the associations between physical exercise, coping styles, psychological flexibility, and mental health. Specifically, physical exercise exhibited a positive relationship with positive coping styles and psychological resilience while displaying a negative association with negative coping styles and mental health. Moreover, psychological resilience demonstrated a positive correlation with positive coping styles but displayed negative relationships with both negative coping styles and mental health. Additionally, there was a negative relationship observed between positive coping styles and mental health. Furthermore, it was found that physical exercise significantly impacted the mental health of female college students in a detrimental manner; meanwhile, coping styles and psychological resilience played crucial mediating roles in linking physical exercise to mental health outcomes. Ultimately, our mediation model sheds the underlying mechanisms through which physical exercise predicts mental health levels among female college students; these findings underscore the importance of promoting physical exercise as an effective means to enhance overall well-being.

Abstract 4140130: Association of Depression and Anxiety with Coronary Plaque: The Miami Heart Study (MiHeart)

Introduction: The prevalence of psychological disorders have been increasing, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple mechanisms such as medication nonadherence, negative coping behaviors, and systemic inflammation may mediate the potential effects of depression and anxiety on atherosclerosis. Question: Is there an association of depression or anxiety with the presence of plaque assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) among adults free of clinical coronary artery disease (CAD)? Aim: We aim to examine the association of psychological factors with CCTA-based plaque, as they may be key targets for prevention and CCTA could be considered for enhanced risk characterization. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from the community-based Miami Heart Study (MiHeart). Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire 8-item scale with a score ≥10 indicating binary depression. Anxiety was assessed by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item questionnaire with a score ≥10 demonstrating binary anxiety. The outcome was the binary presence of any plaque on CCTA. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for potential confounders and clinically relevant risk factors. Sensitivity analyses further examined the severity of depressive symptoms, severity of anxiety symptoms, individuals with either depression or anxiety, and individuals with both depression and anxiety as predictors of coronary plaque. Results: Of the 2,356 individuals (mean age 53.4±6.8 years), 50.4% were men and 47.1% were of Hispanic ethnicity. Depression and anxiety were reported in 143 (6.1%) and 224 (9.5%) of individuals, respectively. CCTA-identified plaque was present in 49.0% of participants with depression and 54.0% of those with anxiety, and plaque presence did not significantly differ when compared to those without depression or without anxiety, respectively. There were no significant associations between depression and plaque (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.03; 95%CI [0.70, 1.52]; p=0.891) or between anxiety and plaque (aOR: 1.27; 95%CI [0.93, 1.73]; p=0.138) in all regression models. On sensitivity analysis, there were also no statistically significant associations found. Conclusion: Our study found no association of depression, anxiety, their combination, or their severity with coronary plaque on CCTA in asymptomatic adults. To our knowledge, this is the first large study on this topic utilizing CCTA data in a U.S. population.

Dyadic Coping in Aging: Linking Self-Perceptions of Aging to Depression

Negative self-perceptions of aging have been linked to poorer health and quality of life and predict significantly depressive symptomatology. The support provided by the partner may have an impact on the effects of self-perceptions of aging on depressive symptoms; a close relationship can go along with additional stress or resources and benefits. The present study analyzes the relationship between negative self-stereotypes and depressive symptomatology, considering positive and negative dyadic coping (DC) as moderator variables in this association. Method: Participants were 365 individuals (convenience sample) 40 years or older (M = 60.86) involved in a partner relationship. Participants completed a questionnaire that included the following variables: negative self-perceptions of aging, positive DC (e.g., “My partner shows empathy and understanding to me”), negative DC (e.g., “When I am stressed, my partner tends to withdraw”), and depressive symptomatology. Two moderation models were tested by linear regression. Results: The effect of negative self-perceptions of aging on depressive symptoms was moderated by positive and negative DC only in women. The effect of negative self-perceptions of aging appears to be smaller among those women with higher levels of positive DC and lower levels of negative DC. Conclusions: Positive DC might buffer the association between negative self-perceptions of aging and depressive symptoms. Negative DC might amplify this association, as it is associated with lower well-being among women who express negative self-perceptions of aging. Implications: Training couples in strategies for providing supportive dyadic coping may be a resource to buffer the negative effect of negative self-perceptions of aging on well-being.

Current status and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in patients with peritoneal dialysis: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Kinesiophobia, an irrational fear-avoidance behaviour, can significantly impact the quality of life and prognosis of peritoneal dialysis patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of kinesiophobia in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and to analyse its influencing factors. A total of 291 patients who visited the outpatient and ward of peritoneal dialysis in 7 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from December 2023 to March 2024 were selected as research subjects via the convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general data questionnaire, the Tampa Kinesiophobia-11 Scale, the Chinese Version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. The score obtained using the Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia in patients with peritoneal dialysis was 22.44 ± 7.46, with a prevalence rate of 69.1%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that no complications, daily exercise before illness, and positive coping styles were protective factors (p < 0.05), whereas fatigue and negative coping styles were risk factors for kinesiophobia in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (p < 0.05). The prevalence of kinesiophobia in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis was high but at a mild level. Medical staff should combine influencing factors to identify high-risk groups as early as possible, formulate targeted interventions to reduce the occurrence of kinesiophobia and mitigate adverse effects on peritoneal dialysis patients.

Exploring the Impact of After-Hours Work Connectivity on Employee Performance: Insights from a Job Crafting Perspective

With the leapfrog development of information and communication technology and the intensification of external competition among enterprises, after-hours work connectivity through communication devices has become a new norm in the workplace. While it offers certain conveniences, the constant connectivity it entails also imposes significant pressure on employees. How to comprehensively understand and rationally treat after-hours work connectivity has become an issue that organizations need to pay great attention to. Based on conservation of resources theory, this study analyzed 407 questionnaires to explore the “double-edged sword” effect of after-hours work connectivity on employee performance and analyzed the moderating effect of the psychological contract. The results indicate the following: (1) Proactive pathway: after-hours work connectivity promotes employees’ job crafting behaviors toward approach-oriented adjustments, thereby enhancing job performance. (2) Passive pathway: after-hours work connectivity encourages employees’ job crafting behaviors toward avoidance-oriented adjustments, leading to decreased job performance. (3) The psychological contract positively moderates the relationship between after-hours work connectivity and approach-oriented job crafting and negatively moderates the relationship between after-hours work connectivity and avoidance-oriented job crafting, regulating both the positive and negative coping pathways. The research findings contribute to assisting organizations in adopting a dialectical perspective towards and effectively utilizing after-hours work connectivity. This aids in achieving a balance between organizational effectiveness and employee well-being, seeking a mutually beneficial work paradigm, and providing managerial recommendations to promote sustainable organizational development.

Childhood Unpredictability is Associated With Religious Coping Through Attachment to God and Divine Forgiveness.

Because a majority of the world's population is religious and believes in some higher power, it is important to understand what may facilitate or hinder religious psychological processes that give rise to well-being. The current work therefore threads together behavioral ecological, attachment, and forgiveness theoretical perspectives to assess candidate correlates of divine forgiveness and religious coping. Study 1 (N = 441) showed, via a single path model, that childhood unpredictability was positively associated with avoidant attachment to God, which was in turn negatively associated with divine forgiveness, such that avoidant attachment to God fully mediated the association between childhood unpredictability and divine forgiveness. Study 2 (N = 417) extended the investigation to religious coping, again analyzing data via a single path model. Childhood unpredictability was associated with positive (but not negative) coping through a mediation sequence of insecure attachment (avoidant and anxious) and, in turn, divine forgiveness. For avoidance, unpredictability was positively associated with avoidant attachment, which was negatively associated with divine forgiveness, which was positively associated with positive religious coping. For anxious attachment, unpredictability was positively associated with anxious attachment, which was positively associated with divine forgiveness, which was positively associated with positive religious coping. Notably, avoidant attachment was also curvilinearly associated with anxious attachment and coping, such that people high and low (vs. average) in avoidance are high in anxious attachment as well as positive and negative religious coping. Thus, the work provides insights important to both the study of early childhood environments and the study of religious psychological processes.

The Mechanisms Underlying Religious Coping and Hopelessness: Role of Meaning in Life and Affectivity

AbstractReligion can fulfill both positive and negative functions in coping with stress. There is a lack of research regarding the mechanism underlying the link between religious coping and mental health. The purpose of this study was to verify how religious coping is related to mental health. Two indirect mechanisms were tested for finding meaning in life and emotional regulation. The study was conducted with 115 students from Poland. According to the results, both positive and negative religious coping were indirectly related to hopelessness through finding meaning in life and affectivity. More frequent use of negative religious coping was positively related to the intensity of negative affect and problems with finding meaning in life, which, in turn, led to a higher level of hopelessness. Meanwhile, more frequent use of positive religious coping was correlated with a greater intensity of positive effect and supported individuals in finding meaning in life. Finding meaning in life was related to a lower level of hopelessness, but positive affect was not correlated with hopelessness. The research confirmed the role played by finding meaning in life and affectivity within the mechanism underlying the link between religious coping and hopelessness. In conclusion, theoretical and practical implications are presented.

Decoding the interplay of medical professionalism, mental well-being, and coping in undergraduate medical students across culture: using structural equation modeling

IntroductionThe rigorous nature of medical education, long and night shifts, and prevalent issues like stress, anxiety, and depression affect medical students’ mental well-being and medical professionalism. This study aims to explore the intricate relationships between mental well-being, medical professionalism, and coping strategies, among undergraduate medical students, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) to unravel these dynamics.MethodsConducted at Universiti Sains Malaysia, this cross-sectional study involved 234 medical students from the 1st, 3rd, and 5th years of the MBBS program. Data were collected via five validated survey instruments: DASS-9, TEQ, Dundee, Brief COPE, and CBI, through Google Forms. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. The surveys assessed mental well-being (burnout, anxiety, depression, stress), coping strategies, and medical professionalism attributes. Model fit was evaluated using established indices.ResultsFindings indicated that professional behavior reduces burnout and negatively impacts negative coping strategies (NCSs). Additionally, medical professionalism indirectly enhances empathy and positively influences CSs. Conversely, psychological distress increases NCSs and reduces empathy. Positive coping strategies (PCSs) enhance empathy levels, while MWB issues elevate NCSs.DiscussionThe study underscores the vital role of professional behavior in mitigating burnout and fostering positive coping mechanisms among medical students. Addressing MWB issues through targeted interventions can enhance empathy and professional behavior, ultimately improving the quality of patient care.

Hardiness personality and mental health of financially-struggling medical students in private universities in China: the intervening roles of coping styles and gender

BackgroundChinese adolescents are at higher risk of depression, especially the mental health problems of financially disadvantaged medical students, which are significantly higher than those in other age groups, which brings great challenges to the mental health workers in universities.Methods1,280 medical students with a family poverty background in China completed a questionnaire on hardiness personality, coping style and mental health. After descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis between hardiness personality, coping style and mental health levels, we tested the mediation of coping style and the moderating effects of gender.ResultsHardiness personality significantly positively affected the financially-struggling medical student’s mental health level. Positive coping style had a significant positive impact on hardiness personality and mental health level, while negative coping style had a significant negative effect on mental health level. Positive coping and negative coping are the mediators between financially-struggling medical students’ hardy personalities and mental health levels. In medical students with a family poverty background, gender plays a regulatory role in coping style and mental health levels. In medical students with a family poverty background, gender plays a moderate role in coping style and mental health levels.ConclusionThis study adds some knowledge about the effects of hardiness personality on individual mental health. It makes new recommendations for improving the mental health status of vulnerable groups, while it can support future investigations by scholars and educators on how to improve the mental health of students under learning and financial-related stress.

Impact of perceived social support on family resilience in patients with ischemic stroke: A mediation model analysis

BackgroundIschemic stroke events impose a substantial burden on both families and society, underscoring the critical importance of early intervention and prevention strategies. The dearth of familial and societal support significantly impacts coping styles and family resilience, with negative coping styles potentially linked to diminished levels of family resilience. However, empirical evidence supporting these associations remains lacking. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the association between simplified coping style, perceived social support and family resilience in patients with ischemic stroke, while also investigating the potential mediating role of simplified coping style in the relationship between perceived social support and family resilience. MethodsConvenience sampling was employed to select patients with ischemic stroke from three tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province between May and November 2021. A comprehensive investigation was conducted using a General data questionnaire, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale and Family Resilience Rating Scale. The mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS macros in SPSS, while the significance was tested through the Bootstrap method. ResultsA total of 310 questionnaires were distributed, with 7 identified as containing errors, omissions, or losses. Of these, 303 valid questionnaires were collected, yielding an effective response rate of 97.74 %. The scores for family resilience among ischemic stroke patients showed significant positive correlations with simple coping style (r = 0.59, P < 0.01) and perceived social support (r = 0.69, P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a positive correlation between perceived social support and simple coping style (r = 0.56, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the simple coping style played a crucial mediating role in the relationship between perceived social support and family resilience by accounting for approximately 20.70 % of the effect size. ConclusionThe findings suggest that enhancing positive coping styles and effective social support can enhance the level of family resilience in patients with ischemic stroke. Therefore, medical professionals should focus on improving social support while targeting coping styles as an intervention strategy to actively adjust the coping modes, ultimately elevating the level of family resilience in patients with ischemic stroke.

Interdisciplinary cooperation with solution-focused brief therapy to reduce job stress, burnout, and coping in Chinese nurses: A randomised controlled trial

BackgroundIncreased job stress and burnout are common among clinical nurses in China, reducing their work efficiency and nursing quality. Multiple studies have been conducted on brief interventions to reduce job stress and burnout among nurses. However, research has been hampered by a lack of psychological knowledge among nursing staff. AimTo assess a short-term intervention designed to improve nurses' coping strategies and to mitigate job stress and burnout through interdisciplinary cooperation DesignThis randomised controlled trial Settingsand participants: We randomly allocated 60 nurses working at a tertiary general hospital in a city in China to an experimental (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30). MethodsA collaborative research team comprising psychology and nursing specialists was established to conduct this study. The control group received routine psychological intervention, whereas the intervention group received a short-term interdisciplinary treatment approach that focused on cooperation. Chinese nurses’ job stressors, job burnout, and simplified coping style scales were used to evaluate both groups before and after the intervention. ResultsA comparison of the scores for job burnout, total job stress, and positive coping before and after the interventions revealed significant improvements in the test group, whereas the scores for emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and total work stress in the control group demonstrated statistically significant differences. No significant differences were observed in the scores for negative coping, personal achievement, and simple coping style between the test and control groups before and after the intervention. ConclusionsSolution-focused brief therapy implemented through interdisciplinary collaboration effectively enhances clinical nurses' active coping style, alleviates job stress and burnout, and offers valuable guidance for nursing management practices.

Perceived protective behavioral changes in Chinese residents post-dynamic zero-COVID policy lifting: a cross-sectional study.

To investigate how Chinese residents perceived changes in their protective behaviors in the early stage after the lifting of the dynamic zero-COVID policy, and to explore the associations between the overall perceived change and factors such as demographic and health-related information, COVID-19 related perceptions, negative emotions, and coping styles. This cross-sectional study involved 798 Chinese residents who completed an online questionnaire between 16 and 25 December 2022. The questionnaire covered demographic and health-related information, COVID-19 related perceptions, negative emotions, coping styles, and perceived changes in protective behaviors. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with the overall perceived change in protective behaviors. The mean score for perceived protective behavioral change among participants was 61.38 (SD = 10.20), which was significantly higher than the hypothesized no-change value of 49 (p < 0.001). The mean scores for each of the 15 behaviors (excluding the two vaccination-related items) were significantly greater than the hypothesized no-change value of 3 (p < 0.001). The mean scores for the two vaccination-related items were significantly greater than the hypothesized no-change value of 2 (p < 0.001). Among all behaviors, avoiding dining out or gathering with friends had the highest mean score (Mean = 4.16), while engaging in regular physical activity had the lowest (Mean = 3.32). Avoiding dining out or gathering with friends had the highest percentage of individuals reporting an increase (71.3%), whereas maintaining a social distance of more than 1 m had the highest percentage of individuals reporting a decrease (17.5%). Regression analysis indicated that age, worry, positive coping, female sex, negative coping, and perceived severity were associated with the overall perceived change in protective behaviors, with worry being the most predictive variable. This study suggested that Chinese residents perceived an increase in their protective behaviors in the early stage after the policy change, with varying magnitudes across behaviors. We identified some potentially modifiable factors associated with perceived protective behavioral change, with worry emerging as the strongest predictor, followed by positive coping, negative coping, and perceived severity. These insights offer valuable information for developing effective communication strategies, psychological support, and comprehensive models in health behavior research.

Psychosocial deprivation as a problem of subjectivity of the pandemials: Socio-psychological and pedagogical problems of digital education

Introduction. Researchers around the world note that in modern education, the normal operation of educational institutions and, moreover, academic performance, due to the 2020–2022 education crisis remains out of reach for many students, their teachers, as well as their parents. An entire generation of «pandemials», minors and young «children of the lockdown» lives with the scarring of deprivation and distress received during the lockdown period. This generation, thanks to the «experiment» carried out on them, the main process of which was psychosocial deprivation, found itself facing the threats of desubjectivizing: failure and flunking, lack of education and unemployment, crime and impoverishment, exploitation and violence, accumulation of losses. At the same time, almost none of those who conducted the «experiment,» contrary to declarations, are going to compensate by returning lost opportunities, but intend to continue, introducing and legitimizing the so-called «distance learning».Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to understand the phenomenological analysis of pedagogical and socio-psychological problems of digital education and phenomenon of psychosocial deprivation of modern schoolchildren and students in the situation of the macrosocial crisis (lockdown) of 2020–2022 as a process associated with a interruption of the formation and development of students’ subjectivity.Methodology and methods of the study. The research method is a phenomenological analysis of the psychosocial deprivation of modern schoolchildren and students in a situation of a macrosocial crisis (lockdown) as the leading problem of modern education in Russia and the world related to interruption of the formation and development of students’ subjectivity. Results. Psychosocial deprivation experienced by «children of lockdown» is a systemic, long-term and multidimensional limitation / deprivation of a developing / maturing person of the opportunity to satisfy educational and other psychosocial needs. Thanks to the lockdown and other events of 2020–2022, schools and universities faced previously unknown mental health problems (their own and those around them), were forced to deal with them and the following problems in the form of increased violence and other forms of deviant behavior, diseases and injuries, problems of desubjectivizing (asubjectivity). There has been and continues to be a growing number of negative coping strategies, including child labor and early/unequal marriages, prostitution and early motherhood, replenishment of gangs by children, teenagers, youths, etc.Conclusion. The lockdown has become a new phenomenon for many communities and their members, for modern science and art, and has given rise to numerous discussions about the psychosocial and moral and legal status of the measures proposed by WHO and implemented by the states to combat the «pandemic» declared by WHO. Lockdown children became victims of more or less total and long-term psychological, or rather psychosocial, deprivation – they were limited in their ability to fully interact with other members of the community, including teachers and other students, they were closed within the framework of the family and home. The study of the features and consequences of deprivation of lockdown children is the most important area of modern education research, which will not only outline individual steps and technologies for helping children, but also formulate the necessary measures to protect education as a sphere of cultural reproduction, support for human development, care of older generations for the younger ones in general.

The Role of Spirituality on Ambivalent Behaviors Among Christian Youth Attending Selected Churches in Kajiado County, Kenya

The role of spirituality in mitigating against ambivalent behaviors among Christian youth needs to be studied, with an aim to devising efficacious intervention programs, that can be escalated to other non-Christian youth. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between ambivalent behaviors (substance use and sexual behaviors) and spirituality (strength of faith and religious coping mechanisms) among the Christian youth attending four selected Churches in Kajiado County, Kenya. Through a descriptive research design, data was collected from 145 respondents aged 14-35 years (73 male,72 female) who were regularly attending Sunday services. Data collection instruments were the Santa Clara, to assess strength of faith, the Religious Coping Questionnaire (BRIEF-COPE) to assess the religious coping mechanisms, the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI) for sexual impairment and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test - Lite (ASSIST-Lite) for substance use. Data was analysed quantitatively using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 29) utilizing Kendall’s tau-b, and scatter plots were generated to assess the nature of the relationship between spirituality and ambivalent behaviors. Findings pointed to a positive statistically significant relationship between sexual behaviors and negative religious coping (τb=.223, 95% C.I .117-.324, p=.008) showing that increased use of negative coping mechanism was related to increased sexual behaviors. The scatter plots showed that overally, ambivalent behaviors had a weak negative relationship with positive coping mechanisms (R2=1.1%) and strength of faith(R2=1.1%), and a weak but positive relationship with negative coping (R2=2.1%). There were several outliers in all the three scatter plots, showing a non-linear relationship implying that other factors were related to the ambivalent behaviors aside from the spirituality. The findings thus pointed to a moderate correlation between spirituality and ambivalent behaviors, where increased faith and use of positive coping mechanisms can mitigate against ambivalent behaviors, but there is also need for additional programs that could directly address the underlying causes, as well as the propagating factors. The study thus recommends a multi-faceted approach, incorporating psychological programs alongside the spiritual nurture, to address ambivalent behaviors among Christian youth. Such programs have the potential to be escalated to other non-Christian youth.

Caregiver burden, religious coping, and spiritual well-being among caregivers of elderly stroke patients and predictors affecting spiritual well-being.

Stroke is a disease that affects the arteries leading to and within the brain. Stroke usually creates a range of disabilities such as physical deficits and difficulty in performing daily activities. These long-term needs and the continuous caregiving sequence affect the care burden and spiritual well-being of caregivers. The correlational study population consisted of caregivers of stroke older patients (N = 100). Burden Interview Scale, Spiritual Well-Being Scale and Religious Coping Scale were used. Descriptive analyses, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation, regression analyses were used to evaluate the data. The mean age of caregivers was 48.38 ± 13.52 years. The score of Burden Interview Scale was 31.41 ± 15.13 (light/moderate), Negative Religious Coping was 7.39 ± 3.17 (moderate), Positive Religious Coping was 24.30 ± 4.34 (high), and Spiritual Well-Being was 21.65 ± 6.73 (low). There is a significant relationship between Burden Interview and Negative Religious Coping (r = 0.274; P = 0.006), Burden Interview and spiritual well-being (r = -0.563; P = 0.000), and spiritual well-being and positive religious coping (r = 0.228; P = 0.026). The predictors that affect the spiritual well-being of caregivers were found to be Burden Interview (β = -0.571) and Positive Religious Coping (β = 0.181) (P < 0.05). Nurses play an important role in increasing the spiritual well-being levels and religious coping behaviours of caregivers. Nurses should communicate empathically with caregivers, understand their feelings, and provide emotional support.

Resilience and coping styles in family caregivers of terminally ill patients: A cross-sectional survey.

Coping styles can be improved by dyadic palliative care interventions and may alleviate patients' and family caregivers' distress. Moreover, family caregivers' preloss resilience protects against depression after bereavement. This study aimed to determine the types of coping styles can be encouraged to increase resilience. A self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to family caregivers at the 4 palliative care units, and their resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and their coping styles were assessed using the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced, as well as their background characteristics. Among 291 caregivers with a mean CD-RISC score of 56.2 (standard deviation: 16.13), internal locus of control, educational level, and history of psychotropic drug use were associated with resilience. After adjusting for the aforementioned factors, more frequent use of positive coping styles such as active coping (Spearman's ρ = 0.29), acceptance (ρ = 0.29), positive reframing (ρ = 0.29), planning (ρ = 0.24), and humor (ρ = 0.18), was found to be associated with higher resilience. On the contrary, more frequent use of negative coping styles such as behavioral disengagement (ρ = -0.38), self-blame (ρ = -0.27), and denial (ρ = -0.14) was found to be associated with less resilience. By assessing internal locus of control, educational level, and history of psychotropic medication use of family caregivers, as factors associated with their respective resilience, may help identify less resilient family caregivers who are at risk for developing major depression after bereavement. In addition, coping skill-based educational interventions targeting patients and their family caregivers that focus on specific coping styles associated with resilience may increase family caregivers' resilience, resulting in less emotional distress and a lower risk of major depression after bereavement.

Prospective associations between heterogeneous sleep profiles and depressive symptoms in adolescents: The mediating role of coping styles.

Extant literature has linked sleep disturbance to depressive symptoms. However, the coexistence of naturally occurring sleep profiles among adolescents and the prospective associations between sleep profiles and depressive symptoms remain poorly understood. This study aims to uncover sleep patterns in Chinese adolescents based on a comprehensive set of sleep features (e.g., latency, daytime dysfunction, etc.) derived from the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and investigate the relationship between these profiles and subsequent depressive symptoms mediated by positive and negative coping styles. Five thousand five hundred five adolescents from Shandong province, China, enrolled (Mage = 16.83 years; 49.9% girls) in a two-wave longitudinal study (T1 in August 2023; T2 in February 2024). Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify adolescent sleep patterns. Mediation and sensitivity analyses were used to examine prospective associations between sleep patterns, coping styles, and depressive symptoms. Four qualitatively distinct sleep profiles emerged: Healthy Sleepers (18.9%), Latency but Functioning Sleepers (13.6%), Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers (57.5%), and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers (10.0%). Using the Healthy Sleepers as a reference group, Latency but Functional Sleepers, Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers, and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers all predicted subsequent depressive symptoms through positive coping styles rather than negative coping styles. The relative indirect effects were 0.19, 0.19, and 0.32, respectively. The study underscored that adolescents exhibit distinct sleep patterns, and specific sleep profiles may be prospectively associated with depressive symptoms mediated by positive coping styles.

Oral Health Care Out-of-Pocket Costs and Financial Hardship: A Scoping Review.

The objective of this study is to characterize how financial hardship related to oral health care (OHC) out-of-pocket (OOP) spending has been conceptualized, defined, and measured in the literature and to identify evidence gaps in this area. This scoping review follows Arksey and O'Malley's framework and synthesizes financial hardship from OHC concepts, methodologies, and evidence gaps. We searched Ovid-Medline, Ovid-Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EconLit, Business Source Premier, and the Cochrane Library. Gray literature was sourced from institutional websites (World Health Organization, United Nations, World Bank Group, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and governmental health agencies) as well as ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis Global. We used defined inclusion and exclusion criteria to select studies published between 2000 and 2023. Of the 1,876 records, 65 met our criteria. The studies conceptualized financial hardship as catastrophic spending, impoverishment, negative coping strategies, bankruptcy, financial burden, food insecurity, and personal financial hardship experience. We found heterogeneity in defining OHC OOP payments and services. Also, financial hardship was frequently measured as catastrophic health expenditure using cross-sectional designs and national household spending surveys from high-income and to a lesser extent lower-middle-income countries. We identify and discuss challenges in terms of conceptualizing financial hardship, study designs, and measurement instruments in the OHC context. Some of the common evidence gaps identified include studying the causal relationship in financial hardship from OHC, assessing the financial hardship and unmet dental needs due to cost relationship, and distinguishing the effect between pain/discomfort and esthetic/cosmetic dental treatments on financial hardship. Financial hardship in OHC needs further exploration and the use of consistent definitions as well must distinguish between treatments alleviating pain/discomfort from esthetic/cosmetic treatments. Our study is relevant for policy makers and researchers aiming to monitor financial protection of OOP payments on OHC in the wake of universal health coverage for oral health.

Religiosity as a factor of emotional well-being of the Russian youth (on the example of Orthodox and Muslims)

Currently, the studies on religiosity are becoming more and more popular and relevant, and the terminology “spirituality” is acquiring its original etymological meaning. There is a tendency of interest in spiritual development on the part of young people who choose the concept of spirituality as the basis of their personal development. The article presents the results of an analysis of the relationship between coping strategies, stress levels and religious orientation among young people living in Russia. 104 respondents took part in the study: 52 men and 52 women between the ages from 18 to 35 years. To determine coping strategies, the author uses the Russian-language adaptation of the COPE questionnaire developed by K. Carver, M. Scheyer and J. Weintraub and adapted by T.O. Gordeeva, E.N. Osin and E.A. Rasskazova. To measure religious orientation, the G. Allport and D. Ross Scale of Religious Orientation was used, the type of religious coping was assessed using the B-RCOPE short questionnaire of religious coping. The analysis of the study results confirmed our hypothesis that coping strategies are closely related to stress levels: Active coping strategies help reduce stress levels, while avoidant coping behavior correlates with high stress levels. In addition, the study showed that religious orientation and the type of religious coping influence the choice of coping strategies. Participants with an internal religious orientation and positive religious coping were more likely to have active coping strategies, while external religiosity and negative coping were associated with avoidance and passive behavior. This indicates that religiosity can play an important role in choosing ways to cope with stress among young people living in Russia. It has been revealed that it is religious coping that they use most often.Hypothesis: The present study serves to confirm the assumption that religiosity is one of the significant factors of the emotional well-being of the Russian youth.

Sea turtles stranded ashore: Sociocultural dissonance and identity conflicts in migration intentions of Chinese international student returnees

In the post-COVID-19 era, Chinese international student returnees are facing greater identity conflicts during their reintegration. Understanding their sociocultural and ideological identity negotiation will better accommodate their needs and facilitate their integration into society. This study explored identity conflicts experienced by Chinese student returnees across ecological systems after reentry to China during COVID-19. A qualitative approach was used with 20 returnees. The key findings of this study reveal multi-layered conflicts stemming from the discordance between traditional Eastern values and newly acquired Western perspectives across meso-to-macro systems. In addition, important factors corresponding to returnees’ social capital were identified during the acculturation. Coping mechanisms and migration intentions were observed to vary distinctly among the identified identity clusters. Individuals with a "homestayer" identity, characterized by a deep commitment to integrating with the Chinese community and a higher level of perceived social capital in China, predominantly employed positive coping strategies, such as behavioral adaptation. This group exhibited a strong inclination to remain in China. Conversely, those with a "wayfarer" identity, who experienced deeper immersion in foreign cultures and displayed critical views towards Chinese society with a perceived low social capital in China, tended to adopt negative coping strategies like social withdrawal, correlating with a pronounced intention to migrate. Finally, "navigators", who skillfully balance their native Chinese and foreign cultural identities and effectively manage transnational engagements and diverse cultural norms through their perceived strong social capital in both societies, demonstrated a tendency towards hybrid coping strategies tailored to individual scenarios, reflecting a nuanced, case-by-case approach. This group exhibited a mixed migration intention, indicative of their flexible identity orientation. These findings suggest the need for multi-level support systems and policies that not only facilitate returnee identity continuity but also foster an inclusive and diverse societal framework to effectively retain this valuable population.