Negative Action Research Articles

Analisis Cyberbullying pada Game Online Valorant: Studi pada Communication Abuse Antarpemain

Competitive online games such as Valorant as a new medium that provides an interactive and competitive virtual space for online game players. Tension and excitement between players in competing often triggers the emergence of Cyberbullying behavior. Cyberbullying itself is the behavior of game players in the form of hate speech or negative actions that affect communication between online game players. However, researchers see that each player is different in responding to Cyberbullying carried out by other players and their teams. This study aims to find out how the factors, forms and responses of victims in doing, responding to communication abuse. The method in this study uses qualitative descriptive research. The results of the study show that Cyberbullying in the online game Valorant shows that the communication abuse factor is caused by other players who play badly, while the forms are carried out in the form of verbal through text or voice, as well as the response of the victims tends not to care and stay focused on the game to try to save it despite the bad treatment from other players.

Hubristic pride exacerbates but authentic pride buffers a fall: Relations between pride, self-forgiveness, and clinical symptoms

Introduction: Self-forgiveness has been shown to be an efficacious way for transgressors to deal with their actions. This study makes two new contributions. First, it tests, for the first time, the extent to which individual differences in authentic pride and hubristic pride are differentially related to different components of selfforgiveness. Second, it tests the extent to which relations between the different components of self-forgiveness and clinical outcomes are moderated by authentic pride and hubristic pride. Method: We employed a cross-sectional design in which a sample of N = 206 recalled a negative action they had enacted. Results: We found that authentic pride is positively associated with genuine self-forgiveness and negatively with self-punitiveness and pseudo self-forgiveness, whereas relations occur in the opposite direction for hubristic pride. Further, authentic pride enhances the buffering effect of lower self-punitiveness on clinical symptoms, whereas hubristic pride magnifies the negative effect of self-punitiveness. Discussion: We discuss implications for the role of different facets of pride in the self-forgiveness process, and the clinical outcomes associated with being able to forgive oneself.

Association between selenium biomarkers and insulin resistance in women with obesity: A case-control study.

Although literature demonstrates controversial results regarding the association between selenium and glucose metabolism, no studies have specifically targeted a population with obesity even though this group is vulnerable to insulin resistance. To evaluate the association between selenium biomarkers and insulin resistance in women with obesity. This case-control study recruited 84 women with obesity and 129 with healthy weight (control). Selenium intake was assessed by 3-day food record. Selenium concentration in plasma, erythrocyte, and urine was assessed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Serum glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed in a fasting blood sample. Homeostasis Model Assessment of Beta Cell Function (HOMA-β) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance were calculated according to standard methods. Women with obesity had higher dietary selenium intake in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). Further, the plasma and erythrocyte concentrations were lower in individuals with obesity (p < 0.001), while selenium in urine was higher (p < 0.001) than in controls. No significant differences in insulin resistance markers were observed between groups. Selenium intake was positively associated with HOMA-β in both groups. In women with obesity, selenium intake was also positively associated with insulin and HbA1c, while in the controls the clearance of selenium was negatively associated with insulin and HbA1c. There was a positive correlation between dietary selenium intake, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-β (p < 0.05). Women with obesity present impaired selenium metabolism. Further, we observed an association between dietary selenium and markers of insulin resistance, which may reflect the possible negative action of selenium on insulin signaling.

The role of genotype and viral agents in the formation of tomato tolerance to high temperatures

Research results are presented to determine the sources of variation that cause microgametophyte variability in the progeny of plants reinfected with viruses (Tobacco Mosaic Virus/TMV or Tomato Aspermy Virus/TAV) under high temperatures. The heat treatment of pollen grains contributed to the modifications of the functional characteristics, which in most cases were manifested by inhibitory effects. The factors that cause the variation of genotype characteristics at the diploid and haploid levels have been established. It was demonstrated that the reaction of the analyzed genotypes to the heat treatment at the seed germination stage was controlled by the genotype as major influence, and heat factor, which enhances the efficient identification of tolerant forms. Genotypes that showed high reproductive potential under high temperatures were highlighted. It was established that the descendants of the infected plants at the male gametophyte and sporophyte stages exceeded the control values according to the level of heat stress tolerance, which is due to the elimination of the pollen grains with reduced viability from the host plant in the previous generation. Thus, the application of gametic selection methods in breeding programs is of major importance for reducing the negative action of high temperatures, both in healthy and virus-infected/reinfected plants and their progeny.

Effect of an early music intervention on emotional and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants at 12 and 24 months.

Few studies have found long-term effects of early musical environmental enrichment in the NICU on preterm infant's development. This study examines how early music enrichment affects emotional development and effortful control abilities in 12- and 24-month-old very preterm (VPT) infants. One hundred nineteen newborns were recruited, including 83 VPTs and 36 full-term (FT) infants. The VPT infants were randomly assigned to the music intervention (44 VPT-Music) or control (39 VPT-control) groups. VPT-Music infants listened specifically designed music intervention from the 33rd week of gestation until hospital discharge. At 12 and 24 months, children were clinically evaluated using the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery, and at 24 months, with 3 additional episodes of the Effortful Control Battery. Our analysis showed that during a fear eliciting task, the VPT-Music group expressed lower level of fear reactivity and higher positive motor actions than VPT-controls and FT infants. At 24 months, the VPT-music group had lower scores for negative motor actions in the joy task, compared to both VPT-control and FT groups. In addition, both FT and VPT-music had higher scores of sustained attention compared to VPT-controls, but the contrasts were not significant. No significant effects on mental, language and motor outcomes were identified and for all three dimensions of the ECBQ. The present study suggests that an early music intervention in the NICU might influence preterm children's emotional processing at 12 and 24 months. Limitations and suggestions for future research are highlighted.

Albumin nanoassembly bi-directionally manipulated ferroptosis in tumor and CD8+T cells for triple-negative breast cancer therapy

Ferroptosis can serve as a potent strategy for regulating cell death via lipid peroxidation and the imbalance of the antioxidant system resulting from iron accumulation in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy. However, the ferroptosis accompanied with down-regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) lead to CD36-mediated tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells uptaking fatty acids, resulting in the negative action on immunotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, the albumin nanoparticles, abbreviated as LHS NPs, were designed by co-assembly of hemin, linoleic acid-cystamine, and a CD36 inhibitor sulfosuccinimide oleate, to bi-directionally manipulated ferroptosis in tumor and CD8+T cells for TNBC therapy. LHS NPs exerted more efficient reactive oxygen species generation, glutathione depletion and malondialdehyde production by the combinatory strategy of classical and non-classical ferroptosis modes, which amplified the positive action on ferroptosis in tumor cells. Meanwhile, LHS manipulated the negative action of ferroptosis by inhibiting the CD36 mediated-lipid peroxidation in CD8+T cells, thereby activating the immunotherapeutic efficacy with the improvements on induction of immunogenic cell death, proliferation of CD4+CD8+T cells and natural killer cells, alleviation immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and repolarization of the M2- to M1-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages. Thus, LHS NPs demonstrated an improved antitumor efficacy in suppressing the tumor growth and lung metastasis of 4T1-tumor mice. Our work gives novel insights for the bi-directionally manipulating ferroptosis in tumor and CD8+T cells on TNBC chemoimmunotherapy.

Asymmetric impact of oil structural shocks on non-ferrous metals supply chains: A groundbreaking multidimensional quantile-on-quantile regression

This paper examines the predictability of various oil price shocks on the returns of non-ferrous metals from the supply and demand sides in the US, UK, and China under different market conditions. An innovative multidimensional quantile-on-quantile (MD-QQ) regression approach is proposed to address this topic, which extends traditional univariate QQ regression to multivariate cases, addressing the limitation of omitted variables in the benchmark QQ method. The findings reveal that the forecasting of oil supply shocks on the non-ferrous metal supply chain is generally insignificant. Nevertheless, oil supply shocks will transmit negative (positive) actions when the non-ferrous metal supply-side (demand-side) is in a bear (bull) market. The implication of oil demand shocks on the non-ferrous metal supply chain is generally positive, while the supply-side market of Chinese non-ferrous metals displays mutability in response to oil demand shocks under certain extreme market conditions. Conversely, oil risk shocks have a negative impact across the entire non-ferrous metal supply chain. Their effects are more pronounced when the non-ferrous metal demand market is bearish, exhibiting asymmetric characteristics. Oil demand shocks and risk shocks have a stronger impact on non-ferrous metal supply chains in the US and UK than in China. Our research not only confirms the estimation bias caused by missing variables in traditional baseline models but also provides new insights into the connection between the non-ferrous metals and oil markets by adopting the fresh method.

VALUES OF CHARACTER EDUCATION IN JEUNG PANGGEUING'S PEPELING BOOK WORKS OF KH ACENG ZAKARIA

This research aims to identify and analyze the values ​​of character education contained in the book "Pepeling jeung Panggeuing" by KH Aceng Zakaria. This book, written in Sundanese, is a collection of advice from a leading scholar who has significantly contributed to education and moral development in society. The language used in this book is very persuasive and easy to understand, especially for the people of West Java. A qualitative approach with content analysis was used in this research to understand the moral and ethical messages contained in the book. Data was collected through an in-depth study of book texts and secondary references related to character education theory. The research results reveal several core values ​​taught in this book, namely the book "Pepeling jeung Panggeuing" which plays an important role in shaping readers' character through applicable and relevant advice. The book "Pepeling jeung Panggeuing" contains a collection of advice that makes people aware of negative actions and awakens the human mind so that they can rise from laziness and be more optimistic in living their lives. This book contains character education values, including religious character education, cooperation, tolerance, hard work and generosity. The implication is that this book can be used as a reference in the character education curriculum in schools and as a guide for families and communities in developing the morals of the younger generation. This research recommendation includes the development of a more integrative and adaptive educational program based on the values ​​contained in this book

Senescence of lung mesenchymal stem cells of preterm infants by cyclic stretch and hyperoxia via p21.

Phenotype distortion of lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in preterm infants is a hallmark event in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Here, we evaluated the impact of cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) and hyperoxia (HOX). The negative action of HOX on proliferation and cell death was more pronounced at 80% than at 40%. Although the impact of CMS alone was modest, CMS plus HOX displayed the strongest effect sizes. Exposure to CMS and/or HOX induced the downregulation of PDGFRα, and cellular senescence preceded by p21 accumulation. p21 interference interfered with cellular senescence and resulted in aggravated cell death, arguing for a prosurvival mechanism. HOX 40% and limited exposure to HOX 80% prevailed in a reversible phenotype with reuptake of proliferation, while prolonged exposure to HOX 80% resulted in definite MSC growth arrest. Our mechanistic data explain how HOX and CMS induce the effects on MSC phenotype disruption. The results are congruent with the clinical observation that preterm infants requiring supplemental oxygen plus mechanical ventilation are at particular risk for BPD. Although inhibiting p21 is not a feasible approach, limiting the duration and magnitude of the exposures is promising.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Rarefication of lung mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) due to exposure to cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) during mechanical ventilation with oxygen-rich gas is a hallmark of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants, but the pathomechanistic understanding is incomplete. Our studies identify a common signaling mechanism mediated by p21 accumulation, leading to cellular senescence and cell death, most pronounced during the combined exposure with in principle reversible phenotype change depending on strength and duration of exposures.

Bad Guys Finish First? A Moral Emotional Perspective of Job Performance Outcomes for Abusive Supervisors

Do abusive supervisors benefit from their own harmful behaviors, or do they experience the same repercussions as their victims do? This article extends a growing stream of research that aims to understand how bad actors process their own negative actions, when they are most impacted by their adverse behaviors, and how their job performance is influenced as a result. We ground this research in a moral emotions perspective to suggest that enacted abusive supervision elicits prominent moral responses (i.e., shame or guilt), which subsequently influence the supervisor’s own work conduct. Specifically, we suggest that feelings of guilt will prompt an abusive boss to compensate for their negative behaviors by increasing performance efforts, whereas supervisors with feelings of shame will withdraw and exhibit lower work performance. Multiple mediation results from Study 1 revealed that abusive supervisors predominantly experience shame and, in turn, reduced performance. In Study 2, we expand on these findings by considering the moderating role of supervisor core self-evaluations (CSE). We find that the negative relationship between enacted abuse and supervisor performance (through shame) is exacerbated when managers possess a fragile sense of self (i.e., low CSE). Overall, the current article adds to the argument that abusive supervisors do not profit from their own negative behaviors and that they, too, suffer performance setbacks.

Sovereign Credit Rating: Impact on Social Investment and Role in Financial Subordination

This article examines sovereign credit rating methodologies and their impact on fiscal space in developing economies. While sovereign ratings are meant to reflect default risk, the biases embedded in the rating methodologies result in overly punitive rating actions in developing economies that often limit their ability to implement countercyclical policies. In addition, with a singular focus on austerity, they tend to shift focus away from critical development priorities and social welfare spending. Using panel data of credit rating changes in 133 countries over the period 2000–2020 from Moody’s, we explored the long-term trends in the impact of ratings. Negative rating actions have been intensifying in developing economies since 2010. We found that rating changes did tend to influence fiscal priorities. Downgrades lowered the proportion of spending on health and education and increased the proportion of spending on interest payments. We situate this examination of credit ratings within the framework of the financial subordination literature. We suggest that credit ratings are a new manifestation of financial subordination and have created a new dimension in reproducing and deepening the inequalities in the global financial system. JEL Classification: B5, F34, F02

Islamic Spiritual Guidance to Restructure the Cognitive of Drug Abuse Assisted Citizens in Prison Class II A Pamekasan

Drug abuse is currently a concern for many people and is continuously discussed because the consequences of consuming drugs will make a person lose personality and easily influence their minds and thoughts, resulting in negative actions. The problem raised in this research is Islamic spiritual guidance to restructure the cognition of inmates for drug abuse in class IIA Pamekasan prisons which is explained in two focuses, namely: 1. How to implement Islamic spiritual guidance to restructure the cognition of inmates for drug abuse in class IIA prison Pamekasan, 2. What are the results of Islamic spiritual guidance services to restructure the cognition of inmates in class IIA Pamekasan prisons. This research uses a qualitative approach and collects data using observations, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are condensation, presentation of data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research conducted by the author at Class IIA Pamekasan Prison, namely based on data obtained by researchers, conclusions can be drawn based on the research focus that the implementation of guidance at Class IIA Pamekasan Prison through several strategies including religious studies, Istighotsah activities, congregational prayer as well as through learning tartil al-Qur'an and Islamic spiritual guidance which is carried out at Class IIA Pamekasan Prison has produced results in restructuring the cognition of inmates, including increasing awareness of religion, reducing the stress of inmates in drug abuse, the peace of mind felt by inmates and reducing drug dependence.

Infants expect some degree of positive and negative reciprocity between strangers

Social scientists from different disciplines have long argued that direct reciprocity plays an important role in regulating social interactions between unrelated individuals. Here, we examine whether 15-month-old infants (N = 160) already expect direct positive and negative reciprocity between strangers. In violation-of-expectation experiments, infants watch successive interactions between two strangers we refer to as agent1 and agent2. After agent1 acts positively toward agent2, infants are surprised if agent2 acts negatively toward agent1 in a new context. Similarly, after agent1 acts negatively toward agent2, infants are surprised if agent2 acts positively toward agent1 in a new context. Both responses are eliminated when agent2’s actions are not knowingly directed at agent1. Additional results indicate that infants view it as acceptable for agent2 either to respond in kind to agent1 or to not engage with agent1 further. By 15 months of age, infants thus already expect a modicum of reciprocity between strangers: Initial positive or negative actions are expected to set broad limits on reciprocal actions. This research adds weight to long-standing claims that direct reciprocity helps regulate interactions between unrelated individuals and, as such, is likely to depend on psychological systems that have evolved to support reciprocal reasoning and behavior.

See what I didn’t do there?

ABSTRACT Deflationists about negative actions say that omissions and refrainments do not exist; Neo-Davidsonians say that they do. In this paper, I defend Deflationism against Payton’s (2021) claim that it fails to account for the purported fact that negative actions are perceptible, and that Neo-Davidsonianism is preferable because it succeeds in doing so. I argue that, insofar we are engaging in arguments from perception, they actually tell against Neo-Davidsonianism.

Tackling Environmental Problems from the Root: An Ibuanyidanda Perspective

There are series of reports in the media, books, conferences, symposia, et cetera of the deplorable condition of our natural environment. This crisis afflicting the environment occasioned by increasing human activities has reached the level that, the survival of the human species itself is threatened. Urgent remedies, therefore, need to be sought for. Though, many attempts have been made to remedy the situation, unfortunately environmental crisis continues to deepen, because the root problem (defective mindset) has not yet been fully tackled. This article presents an ethic from Asouzu’s Ibuanyidanda philosophy, which sees realities as missing links and argues that this ethic can guide human actions toward environmental sustainability. What could be garnered from Asouzu’s Ibuanynidanda philosophy is that environmental problems could be traced to defective mindsets that human beings are imbued with. Thus, unlike most other environmental ethical theories that aim at controlling human actions towards the environment, Ibuanyidanda theory believes the present environmental crisis could only be resolved if the root cause (the mind) is tackled. This is because, it is better to tackle the root cause of our negative actions (mind) than to concentrate on the actions themselves. When a change of our present divisive and hegemonic mindset, is thoroughly affected as prescribed by Ibuanyidanda philosophy, environmental sustainability instead of degradation would become the byproduct of our development.

Glucocorticoid modulates oxidative and thermogenic function of rat brown adipose tissue and human brown adipocytes.

Chronic and excessive glucocorticoid (GC) exposure can cause Cushing's syndrome, resulting in fat accumulation in selected body areas. Particularly in the brown adipose tissue (BAT), GC acts negatively, resulting in whitening of the tissue. We hypothesized that dysregulation of microRNAs by GC could be an additional mechanism to explain its negative actions in BAT. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: (1) Control sham and (2) GC group that was administered dexamethasone 6.25 mg/200 μL via osmotic pump implantation over 28 days. After this period, the animals were euthanized and BAT tissue was properly stored. Human fat cells treated with dexamethasone were used to translate the experimental results found in animals to human biology. GC-treated rat BAT presented with large lipid droplets, severely impaired thermogenic activation, and reduced glucose uptake measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT. GC exposure induced a reduction in the mitochondrial OXPHOS system and oxygen consumption. MicroRNA profiling of BAT revealed five top-regulated microRNAs and among them miR-21-5p was the most significantly upregulated in GC-treated rats compared to the control group. Although upregulation of miR-21-5p in the tissue, differentiated primary brown adipocytes from GC-treated rats had decreased miR-21-5p levels compared to the control group. To translate these results to the clinic, human brown adipocytes were treated with dexamethasone and miR-21-5p inhibitor. In human brown cells, inhibition of miR-21-5p increased brown adipocyte differentiation and prevented GC-induced glucose uptake, resulting in a lower glycolysis rate. In conclusion, high-dose GC therapy significantly impacts brown adipose tissue function, with a notable association between glucose uptake and miR-21-5p.

Hubungan antara Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Sikap Bullying pada Remaja

Bullying behavior is not a new phenomenon, but has been happening in Indonesia for a long time and continues to increase. Bullying behavior is mentioned as a form of negative action based on the misuse of power and strength that is carried out intentionally and repeatedly by one or a group of students who are offensive. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting patterns with bullying attitudes in adolescents. This study used a correlational study method with Accidental Sampling sampling technique which obtained the research subjects as many as 132 teenagers.. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between parenting and bullying attitudes in adolescents based on a sig value that is less than 0.05, which is 0.039. This study also shows the Correlation Coefficient value of -0.216 (rcount &gt; 0.1946), meaning that there is a low and opposite correlation between parenting and bullying attitudes. This value also means that the higher the parenting style, the lower the bullying attitude in adolescents. The results of this study indicate that the highest dimension is found in the bully dimension which indicates that the bullying attitude of adolescents is mostly shown through the bullying behavior that has been carried out by the teenager. The results in this study also stated that the parenting pattern that was widely applied by the respondent's parents was permissive parenting. Parenting styles play different roles in child development adequately and depend on children's involvement in bullying behavior.

THE POTENTIAL OF TEQUIL, A PLANT EXTRACT BASED ON QUILLAJA SAPONARIA, IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

More attention is being given to researches of eco-sustainable solutions to be implemented in agriculture, particularly in the presence of plant parasitic nematodes, whose damages have significant global importance. Unsustainable practices, such as fumigation and monoculture, have led to depletion of biodiversity, allowing harmful trophic groups (bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) to prevail, and their negative synergistic action further exacerbating yield losses. Considering the notable and progressive restriction of usable molecules, nematode control strategies must necessarily consider the appropriate integration of methods. The main objective of control is to limit pathogen populations below the damage threshold, rather than aiming at their eradication as mistakenly pursued in the past. This goal can be achieved with the help of solutions that promote plant development through biostimulation of root systems, which are often affected by various organisms in the biosphere. Tequil, through its well-documented synergy of saponins, tannins, and polyphenols, produces invigorating, biostimulating, and strengthening effects on the root system. Indeed, in vitro tests and field trials have highlighted Tequil’s appreciable activity in containing trophic groups, particularly root-knot nematodes of the Meloidogyne genus. Therefore, its use could indirectly contribute to nematode control and limit yield losses. Key Words: Quillaja saponaria, nematodes, bio stimulation, biocontrol, abiotic stresses resistance.

DESCRIPTION OF SOME SOIL AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS THROUGH PCA ANALYSIS

The study evaluated how certain agrochemical indices, used in soil characterization, were classified. The study area, where the soil samples came from, was in the "Padurea Cenad" Protected Area, Timis County, Romania. The considered agrochemical indices resulted from soil analysis for agricultural land and forest land. The agrochemical indices were represented by soil reaction (pH), the content of some macroelements (Nt, P, K, Ca, Mg), microelements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn), and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Pb). The soil reaction was considered with each group of elements in the analysis. According to the PCA analysis, in the case of macroelements, pH, Nt, K, Ca were grouped in PC1, and P and Mg were grouped in PC2. In the case of microelements, pH, Mn, Zn were grouped in PC1, and Cu and Fe were grouped in PC2. In the case of heavy metals, all elements were grouped in PC1. The soil reaction (pH) showed negative action in relation to macroelements (r = -0.999), and in relation to heavy metals (r = -0.972), and positive action in relation to microelements (r = 0.847). Negative action was also recorded in the case of Ca (r = -0.970). In the case of macroelements, Mg showed a strong action (r = 0.770), and the other elements showed a very strong action (r &gt; 0.900). In the case of microelements, pH and Fe showed a strong action (r = 0.847; r = 0.877), and the other elements showed a very strong action (r &gt; 0.900). In the case of heavy metals, Cr showed a weak action (r = 0.576), and the other elements showed a very strong action (r &gt; 0.900). In all three analyzed groups, the results showed statistical certainty (p &lt; 0.001).

Motives of Sharing Fake News and Effects on Mental Health of Social Media Users: A Meta-analysis

After the outbreak of COVID-19, the world faced various economic, health, and social challenges alongside terror from fake news and posts on social media. There has been a significant impact from the spread and sharing of fake news on the mental health of social media users. Henceforth, this study examined this issue within the context of uses and gratification theory. In doing so, the study performed a meta-analysis using cross-sectional studies regarding social media usage and the association between use and gratification among social media users. Fifteen articles from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved and finalised through strict selection criteria from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. A random effect model was deployed to estimate the uses and gratification achieved from social media usage and the motivation behind sharing specific posts. The selected articles suggested a positive and significant role of the uses and gratification perspective in motivating users to select specific social media platforms to create and share posts. It was also identified that gratification can result from the performance of both positive and negative actions on social media by social media users. This study offers new insights into social media usage from the uses and gratification perspective during health crises, shedding light on its impact on fake news dissemination and suggesting practical algorithmic control measures. Keywords: Uses and gratifications, meta-analysis, fake news, mental health, social media.