Need For Technicians Research Articles

Farmers' and rural extension workers' perceptions on the adoption of the integrated pest management

As one important element of food culture, the common bean can be found in diverse countries and social classes. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) can help rationalize the use of insecticides to control insect pests in bean crops. This grain is an important element for food security and can be found in different countries and social classes. The present study aimed to examine rural extension professionals' and farmers' after participating in the “Plante seu Futuro” (“Grow your future”) program of the Government of the State of Paraná-Brazil in its component “Integrated Management of Pests and Diseases”, with the objective of identifying common points of view, positive and negative aspects that can be considered in the dissemination of the IPM. For that, semi-structured interview scripts were applied. The technical procedure used was the multi-case study, based on seven farmers and seven rural extension workers, employees of an official institution of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, totaling about 20% of the program participants. The information was transcribed, organized, and subjected to content analysis. The intensity of discourses concerning the IPM before and after the experiment shows that even those farmers and rural extensionists who had a negative opinion about the IPM present favorable discourses and unanimity in the categorization of ends in the face of material success as justification for adopting the IPM after the experience. However, lack of information and/or knowledge about the practice was mentioned as a barrier, implying the need for technicians and farmers to be trained in order to spread IPM.

Business Valuation Cases in Brief

Business Valuation Cases in Brief

Industry 4.0 and the Future of the Labor Market

After the introduction of computers and the Internet into our lives with the Third Industrial Revolution, digital developments such as wireless networks, computing, cloud infrastructures, big data technologies, artificial intelligence-enhanced robots, internet of things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems (CPS) are starting of a new technological age. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, known as Industry 4.0, will initiate a transformation in production models, as in many areas, with its technological tools. The aforementioned components of Industry 4.0, cyber-physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing, artificial intelligence and robotic technologies have transformed production and changed the nature of many businesses. This digital transformation puts pressure on the labor market and the transformation of the labor factor and stands before us as a multidimensional problem that needs to be resolved. While these technologies increase competitiveness in terms of cost advantage and efficiency in production, they bring about changes in the production structure. The technology mentioned in all areas of life is planned to serve the "unmanned" mission. With unmanned transportation vehicles, educational institutions, hospitals, factories and many others, human labor will be replaced by artificial intelligence wonder robots, robotic arms and machines in daily life. The perfect example of full automation, dark factories, robots with artificial intelligence technology, robotic arms and machines that communicate with each other, seem to seriously shake the place of labor in production. In this process, the following question comes to mind: Will the machines that are expected to replace labor affect employment negatively or is it possible for labor to keep up with this technological transformation? Considering the unmanned mission of technological transformation, it means that this situation will negatively affect the employment of the labor factor and technological unemployment will increase. However, the disadvantaged position of labor in an environment with a high level of automation should be evaluated in terms of the characteristics of the current labor market. The jobs of the future undergoing technological transformation require more technological knowledge and human skills. Although technological developments leave production to artificial intelligence, robots and smart machines, human intelligence is still needed behind these technological wonders. In all production and service units built on full automation, there will always be a need for technicians and engineers working in the background of the flawless operation of that technology. Although this shows that unskilled labor force will lose the war against technology, it shows that there is always hope for qualified labor force. In the study, the current situation is revealed by making a literature study on the effect of technological developments in the labor market, and the effects of this technological transformation on the labor market are mentioned by giving information about the concept of industry 4.0 and its components.
 Possible changes in the labor market due to the intensive use of smart technologies in the production of goods and services are also included.

A distributed model to expand the reach of drug checking

Purpose While there is increasing interest in implementing drug checking within overdose prevention, we must also consider how to scale-up these responses so that they have significant reach and impact for people navigating the unpredictable and increasingly complex drug supplies linked to overdose. The purpose of this paper is to present a distributed model of community drug checking that addresses multiple barriers to increasing the reach of drug checking as a response to the illicit drug overdose crisis. Design/methodology/approach A detailed description of the key components of a distributed model of community drug checking is provided. This includes an integrated software platform that links a multi-instrument, multi-site service design with online service options, a foundational database that provides storage and reporting functions and a community of practice to facilitate engagement and capacity building. Findings The distributed model diminishes the need for technicians at multiple sites while still providing point-of-care results with local harm reduction engagement and access to confirmatory testing online and in localized reporting. It also reduces the need for training in the technical components of drug checking (e.g. interpreting spectra) for harm reduction workers. Moreover, its real-time reporting capability keeps communities informed about the crisis. Sites are additionally supported by a community of practice. Originality/value This paper presents innovations in drug checking technologies and service design that attempt to overcome current financial and technical barriers towards scaling-up services to a more equitable and impactful level and effectively linking multiple urban and rural communities to report concentration levels for substances most linked to overdose.

Capturing insects in guava orchard with soil trap

The development of equipment for capturing insects, in order to meet the need of technicians and researchers, is of paramount importance to obtain accurate data on the population of insects in a given area. The soil trap is used in order to have a sample of the population size of the macro fauna present in the soil. The objective of the experiment was to capture insects of different orders with soil traps and to verify the constancy of the orders of insects in the Experimental Area of Guava Orchards of Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Paraiba Campus Sousa, Unit II in São Gonçalo, Paraiba State. For this, six soil traps were installed, arranged in strategic points, with 30 m spacing between them, in a triangle shape. The traps were made of 2-liter plastic bottles (PET) of soft drink, cut in half and 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm high. Inside each bottle 300 mL of water and two tablespoons of neutral detergent were placed to break the surface tension of the water. The main orders of insects were respectively, Hymenoptera with 100% of the total species collected in the soil traps; Neuroptera 66.66%, Orthoptera 33.33% and Diptera with 33.33%. In the experiment, a constant frequency was observed, that is, those present in more than 50% of the collections, in particular the order Hymenoptera, with the red ant species (Formica rufa), followed by lion ant (Myrmeleon brasiliensis).

Fabricating Complete Dentures with CAD/CAM and RP Technologies.

Two techological approaches for fabricating dentures; computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and rapid prototyping (RP), are combined with the conventional techniques of impression and jaw relation recording to determine their feasibility and applicability. Maxillary and mandibular edentulous jaw models were produced using silicone molds. After obtaining a gypsum working model, acrylic bases were crafted, and occlusal rims for each model were fabricated with previously determined standard vertical and centric relationships. The maxillary and mandibular relationships were recorded with guides. The occlusal rims were then scanned with a digital scanner. The alignment of the maxillary and mandibular teeth was verified. The teeth in each arch were fabricated in one piece, or set, either by CAM or RP. Conventional waxing and flasking was then performed for both methods. These techniques obviate a practitioner's need for technicians during design and provide the patient with an opportunity to participate in esthetic design with the dentist. In addition, CAD/CAM and RP reduce chair time; however, the materials and techniques need further improvements. Both CAD/CAM and RP techniques seem promising for reducing chair time and allowing the patient to participate in esthetics design. Furthermore, the one-set aligned artificial tooth design may increase the acrylic's durability.

Framing risks in a safety‐critical and hazardous job: risk‐taking as responsibility in railway maintenance

In risk management research, risk‐taking is mostly treated as deviation that calls for improved risk communication. I argue, however, that risk‐taking should be seen as expressing a rationale of its own; thus, improving safety requires that this rationale be adequately understood and that the conditions that reproduce risk‐taking be changed. This argument is supported by an ethnography of railway maintenance in Sweden. Railway technicians are charged with maintaining the railway infrastructure to support safe and punctual trains, an assignment that exposes them to occupational hazards. The technicians' claim of occupational responsibility for transportation safety risks is framed by two notions in occupational discourse: first, the safety‐critical nature of their tasks, and second, the notion of service to the general public. Technician interdependence in achieving occupational safety requires mutual responsibility in the team. Technicians justify occupational risk‐taking, claiming it is sometimes needed to achieve production goals given the available time and resources and the manageability of the risks taken. Finally, I stress the need for technicians to change their frames of reference and for employers to assume responsibility for reducing the need for risk‐taking.

Comparison of focal trough dimensions and form by resolution measurements in panoramic radiography

Panoramic focal trough dimensions affect both the number of patient structures seen in radiographs and the margin of error possible when positioning a patient to take a radiograph. This study compares the dimensions, or size, and position, or form, of the focal troughs of four machines by resolution measurements. There is a continued need for technicians to position the patient's anterior teeth accurately in the zones of sharpness of these machines, but the widths of the sharpness zones show an increase in dimensions over older panoramic machines.

The need for technicians

The need for technicians

The need for technicians

The need for technicians