Need For Permission Research Articles

The Buddy Study: Local reach, adoption and implementation following a randomised controlled trial of conservative management of fifth metacarpal neck fractures

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the reach, adoption and implementation of the evidence that buddy strapping for uncomplicated fifth metacarpal neck fractures is non‐inferior to plaster casting.MethodsMixed‐method study using clinical audit of the years before and after the original randomised controlled study was published (2019) and staff questionnaires/semi‐structured interviews.ResultsSixty‐nine percent of questionnaire respondents were aware of the original study findings (i.e. reach) and 57% had adopted the research findings. The proportion of patients receiving buddy strapping was 6% in 2014–2016 and 28% in 2019–2021 (implementation). Qualitative data provided insight into ongoing barriers to adoption and implementation including fear of reprisal, the need for permission, opinions of senior decision makers, perceptions about patient preferences, and an overall tendency to ‘play it safe’.ConclusionsEven in a department where primary research is conducted, implementation requires ongoing attention to factors impacting reach and adoption.

Awareness and healthcare seeking behavior of neonatal danger signs, and predictor variables among mothers/caregivers in four developing regional state of Ethiopia

Introduction: Mothers/caregivers should be aware of a newborn’s danger signs and promptly seek medical attention. Hence, this study assessed mothers’/caregivers’ awareness, healthcare seeking behaviors for neonatal danger signs and their determinants in the developing regional state of Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was employed among mothers/caregivers of neonates in the developing regional state of Ethiopia. The sample was determined in collaboration with the Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia. Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit the sample. Data were collected through an interviewer administered structured questionnaire using a tablet computer. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were applied to identify determinants of awareness and treatment-seeking behavior for neonatal danger signs.ResultsThe result of the study showed that nearly one-third (32.7%) of the respondents had a good level of awareness of neonatal danger signs, and 69.0% of the respondents had good healthcare-seeking practice about neonatal danger signs. Regional state (Benishangul-Gumuz) [AOR = 1.61; 95% CI (1.09, 2.39)], Muslim’s [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.20, 2.55)] and permission to travel to a health facility [AOR = 0.48; 95% CI (0.37, 0.63)] were determinants of mothers’/caregivers’ awareness about neonatal danger signs. Antenatal care (ANC) attendance and institutional delivery were shown to have a positive association with neonatal healthcare seeking (AOR = 2.14 and AOR = 2.37, respectively).ConclusionIn Ethiopia’s developing regional states, mothers/caregivers were remarkably unaware of neonatal danger signs. Region, religion, mothers’/caregivers’ age, and need for permission to travel to a health facility were predictor variables for neonatal danger sign awareness. Better healthcare seeking practices, which are determined by ANC attendance and institutional delivery, are observed in these regions. Federal and regional governments should give these regions due attention. Moreover, regional health bureaus and health professionals should tackle the problem by focusing on the identified factors.

Perceived facilitators and barriers towards acceptability of human milk sharing among mothers in Dhaka, Bangladesh

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the facilitators and barriers towards participating in or rejecting human milk sharing among the mothers of infants below six months of age.MethodsThis study employed a mixed‐methods, cross‐sectional study design. Participants were 279 mothers, enrolled from five health institutions having specialised child health‐care services, in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from December 2021 to January 2022. Quantitative data were collected by a pretested semistructured questionnaire, while qualitative data were collected using focus group discussions.ResultsOf all the participants, only 22.9% reported practising milk sharing. Those mothers who practised milk sharing were more likely to have >1 living child, delivered via caesarean birth, gave birth to preterm babies, and had newborns with birth weights <2500 g. The perceived facilitators identified for human milk sharing included helping babies in need, acknowledging the benefits of breastmilk, avoiding wastage, and supporting peers who were unable to breastfeed. Conversely, the most important barriers to sharing mentioned were, the need for permission from husband/family members, discomfort while sharing milk, wide availability of breast milk substitutes, and the establishment of milk kinship.ConclusionsThe findings underpin the key socio‐cultural and religious aspects in the acceptability of human milk sharing, and the importance of involving health professionals, mass media resources, and community, religious and social leaders when designing practical and culturally sensitive interventions to motivate mothers to overcome milk sharing hesitancy in Bangladesh.

How gender norms and ‘good girl’ notions prevent adolescent girls and young women from engaging with PrEP: qualitative insights from Zimbabwe

BackgroundPre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, has been hailed for its promise to provide women with user-control. However, gender-specific challenges undermining PrEP use are beginning to emerge. We explore the role of gender norms in shaping adolescent girls and young women’s (AGYW) engagement with PrEP.MethodsWe draw on qualitative data from 12 individual interviews and three focus group discussions with AGYW from eastern Zimbabwe. Interviews were transcribed and thematically coded in NVivo 12. Emerging themes were further investigated using Connell’s notion of ‘emphasised femininity’.ResultsParticipants alluded to the patriarchal society they are part of, with ‘good girl’ notions subjecting them to direct and indirect social control. These controls manifest themselves through the anticipation of intersecting sexuality- and PrEP-related stigmas, discouraging AGYW from engaging with PrEP. AGYW recounted the need for permission to engage with PrEP, forcing them to consider engaging with PrEP in secrecy. In addition, limited privacy at home, and fear of disclosure of their health clinic visits, further heightened their fear of engaging with PrEP. PrEP is not simply a user-controlled HIV prevention method, but deeply entrenched within public gender orders.ConclusionAGYW face significant limitations in their autonomy to initiate and engage with PrEP. Those considering PrEP face the dilemma of Scylla and Charybdis: The social risks of stigmatisation or risks of HIV acquisition. Efforts to make PrEP available must form part of a combination of social and structural interventions that challenge harmful gender norms.

Examining Collaborative Fanfiction: New Practices in Hyperdiegesis and Poaching

This paper focuses on how collaborative fanfiction has taken on new practices to accommodate fans as they gather new spaces for online communication as well as desire a deeper sense of community. Collaborative subcultures involve large groups of fans who work together to create expansive world-building for their fanfictions, or even create new fandoms from scratch. In order to accommodate the vast amounts of ideas and stories that enter their communities, they have adapted hyperdiegetic narratives in order to write stories that are “believable” for a concept rather than adhere to a rigid canon. They also develop a culture of inter-fan poaching, which allows them to borrow an idea from another fan for their own stories, without the need for permission.

Prosedur dan Syarat Poligami di Indonesia dan Malaysia

Abstract: This research aims to examine the requirements for polygamy in Indonesia and Malaysia. As it is known that Indonesia and Malaysia can be said to be Islamic countries. The author uses a normative legal research method with a comparative approach. It is said to be normative legal research because this paper examines statutory regulations. A comparative approach is used because this study intends to examine the comparison between the rules of polygamy in Indonesia and Malaysia. The results of the study show that there are similarities between Indonesia and Malaysia regarding polygamy, namely that both must obtain a permit issued by the court. The difference lies in the permission of the first wife. The conditions for polygamy in Indonesia must have permission from the first wife, while in Malaysia there is no need for permission from the first wife, but it is sufficient at the discretion of the judge. Thus, it can be concluded that marriages with more than one wife, both in Indonesia and Malaysia, are considered legal and legally recognized by the state if the marriage obtains permission from the court.

Expanding the Social Status of “Corpse” to the Severely Comatose: Henry Beecher and the Harvard Brain Death Committee

This essay examines the development of the seminal report, "A Definition of Irreversible Coma," by the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death in 1968. Detailed examination of original documents archived in the Henry K. Beecher Papers at Harvard's Countway Library reveals a variety of concerns and values at play in the development of the report, along with disagreement on a few key points among Committee members. One important goal of the Committee was to render treatment removal from patients in severe coma mandatory-not merely permissible-and without need for permission or consultation with the patient's family. Protecting and supporting organ transplantation also played a significant role in the Committee's writings and deliberations. Multiple concepts of death and justifications for brain death can be found, most of them inconsistent with each other and offered without a clear rationale. The essay emphasizes what is perhaps the most important aspect of this period in history: this is the moment when, without clear physiologic justification, the social and legal status of "corpse" became compulsorily applied to living human bodies.

“Our mothers do not tell us”: a qualitative study of adolescent girls’ perspectives on sexual and reproductive health in rural Nepal

Adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries continue to face poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH). In Nepal, early marriage and motherhood, gender-based violence, and unmet need for contraception remain pervasive. Adolescent girls in rural areas bear a disproportionate burden of poor reproductive health outcomes, but there are limited context-specific data. This is a qualitative study to identify factors that impact adolescent girls’ utilisation of and access to SRH services in a rural district of Nepal. We conducted 21 individual interviews with adolescent girls aged 15–19 years, and three focus group discussions with community health workers. We used an inductive analytic approach to identify emergent and recurrent themes and present the themes using the social ecological model. Individual-level factors that contribute to low uptake of services among adolescent girls include lack of knowledge, self-perceived lack of need, low decision-making autonomy, and shyness. Interpersonal factors that impact access include unsupportive family norms, absence of open communication, and need for permission from family members to access care. At the community level, disparate gender norms, son preference, and judgment by community members affect adolescent SRH. Inadequate sex education, far travel distance to facilities, lack of female healthcare providers and teachers, and inability to access abortion services were identified as organisational and systems barriers. Stigma was a factor cross-cutting several levels. Our findings suggest the need for multi-level strategies to address these factors to improve adolescent girls’ SRH.

It’s Okay to Change Your Mind: You Do Not Need to Vote the Same Way Twice

Voters make their decisions based on several factors; however, cognitive dissonance and ego-involvement are two forces that work to keep voters’ choices consistent over time. Despite these internal pressures, there are times when a particular candidate has disappointed a voter to such an extent that the voter considers voting for a different candidate in the next election. 170 young voters were asked about their feelings of regret and their need for permission to change their minds and vote differently in a future election. Findings suggest that women and Democrats are more likely to need permission to change their votes than men and Republicans. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between regret and desire to change one’s vote with the need for permission to do so on election day. Lastly, the importance of having that permission will affect a voter’s feelings of obligation to cast a ballot for the same party. Open ended responses explore the idea of obligation versus making a change in more detail. Findings suggest that correct messaging about the ability one has to change one’s mind and also being granted permission to vote differently may be an effective campaign messaging strategy.

Vaccine Coverage of Newly Introduced Vaccines and Factors Influencing among Children Less Than 23 Months in Laikipia North Subcounty

The epidemiology of vaccine preventable diseases has been modified by use and implementation of various vaccination programs in many countries. However, because of observed suboptimal vaccination rates, debate has emerged on the benefits of such vaccines worldwide. Maternal and childhood vaccinations have been evaluated and found extremely effective at preventing illness in pregnant women and new-borns despite low uptake of such vaccines in many areas. The objective of this study was to determine the Vaccination Coverage and factors that influence uptake of newly introduced vaccines among children aged less than 23 months in Laikipia North Sub-County. The study used multistage sampled parents and guardians of children below 23 months of age but residents of Laikipia North Sub-County within Laikipia County. Trained interviewers visited sampled households and administered a standardized pretested questionnaire. Mothers and guardians were interviewed and asked to show the interviewers Mother-Child Post Natal Booklets for the study enrolled children. Key informant questionnaires were also administered to Health facility staff. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Chi-Square for Proportion and Student T-test were used to assess factors influencing uptake of vaccines in the sub-county. The study found that slightly above half (59%) of the care givers indicated that their child had been vaccinated. Majority (61%) of the care givers had their children given rotavirus vaccine while an equal number (61%) had their children given Pneumococcal vaccine. 52% of the care givers indicated that their children were given IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine). 53% of the children who were given rotavirus vaccine received the required 2 doses. Among social-cultural factors, the need for permission from mother-in-law (p = 0.003), belief that vaccination makes girls infertile (p = 0.046) and belief that vaccination at a very young age can harm the child (p = 0.021). Migration with animals or nomadic lifestyle (p = 0.033) and the need for permission from my husband to have Child Immunized (p = 0.038) were significantly related to uptake of vaccination among the care givers. Occupation of the care giver (p = 0.044), the breadwinner in the family (p = 0.025) and the means of transport used to go to the facility (p = 0.007) and average household income (p = 0.033) were also significantly related to uptake of vaccination. None of the health system factors under investigation was found to significantly relate to uptake of vaccination. The study finding indicates that low uptake of vaccination was due to social cultural and social economic factors and recommends that Health education campaigns on the need of vaccination should target all members of the population. It further recommends that poverty eradication measures should be stepped up in the study area.

Needing permission: The experience of self-care and self-compassion in nursing: A constructivist grounded theory study

BackgroundHealthcare is delivered in a culture of ongoing change, with many nurses highlighting the impact of this on their own wellbeing. However, there is a dearth of literature focusing on how nurses care for themselves as they try to provide compassionate care in a challenging job. ObjectivesThis study explored nurses’ experience of self-care and self-compassion and how this may relate to compassionate care giving towards patients. DesignA constructivist grounded theory approach was used to develop a theoretical understanding of nurses’ experience. SettingsThis study included participants from two National Health Service (NHS) Trusts within the United Kingdom (UK). ParticipantsPurposive and theoretical sampling were used to recruit general, mental health and learning disability nurses, at different levels of seniority. MethodBetween September 2015 and March 2016 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Analysis was completed in line with the process set out within constructivist grounded theory. Using constant comparison and memo writing, analysis moved from initial coding to focused coding, through to theoretical coding, resulting in the production of core concepts and categories, and theory development. ResultsThirty participants were included in the study. Three concepts were derived from the data: (1) ‘Hardwired to be caregivers’ – vocation versus role, (2) needing a stable base, (3) Managing the emotions of caring. All three concepts linked to a core process: needing permission to self-care and be self-compassionate. Nurses needed permission from others and from themselves to be self-caring and self-compassionate. An inability to do this affected their wellbeing and compassionate care giving to others. Interviewees described how they struggled particularly with self-compassion. Helping nurses to be proactively more self-caring and self-compassionate may increase their ability to manage emotions and prevent some of the negative consequences of nursing such as burnout and compassion fatigue. A conceptual framework is proposed which identifies that formal permission (e.g., within nursing guidance) may be necessary for some nurses to look after themselves. ConclusionFindings identified the need for permission as key in enabling nurses to self-care and be self-compassionate, which may facilitate them to address patients’ needs. The study highlights the importance of self-care and self-compassion within nursing education and nursing guidance.

Implementation of maternal influenza immunization in El Salvador: Experiences and lessons learned from a mixed-methods study

IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that countries prioritize pregnant women for influenza vaccination, yet few low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) have implemented maternal influenza immunization programs. To inform vaccine decision-making and operational planning in LMICs, there is a need to document and share experiences from countries that provide seasonal influenza vaccine to pregnant women, particularly those with high coverage, like El Salvador. MethodsIn 2015 and 2016, PATH and country researchers conducted a mixed-methods study to document the experience and lessons learned from maternal influenza immunization delivery and acceptance in El Salvador as part of a collaborative effort between WHO and PATH. Researchers conducted focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, antenatal clinic exit interviews, and key informant interviews with 326 participants from two municipalities in each of the country’s three regions. Respondents included pregnant and recently pregnant women, family members, community leaders, health personnel, public health managers and partners, and policymakers. ResultsFactors perceived as positively influencing maternal influenza immunization delivery and acceptance in El Salvador include the use of multiple vaccine delivery strategies, targeted education and community engagement efforts, and a high degree of trust between the community and health care providers. Influenza vaccine acceptance by pregnant women is high and has improved over time, largely attributed to education targeting health care advisors. Perceived challenges to pregnant women receiving health care and vaccination include the need for permission to attend services and limited access to health services in insecure areas related to the presence of criminal gang activity. ConclusionsWe identified approaches and barriers perceived to affect maternal influenza vaccine delivery in El Salvador. This information will be useful to public health decision-makers and implementers in El Salvador and other countries considering introduction of new maternal vaccines or striving to increase coverage of vaccines currently provided.

The Influence of Local Wisdom in The Decision Making Process

Abstract: The existence of an authoritative figure is an indivisible part of society living in Indonesia. The high claims of iron tablets in pregnant women were indicated not followed by high consumption of Fe tablets. Motivation was suspected to be a problem in various treatment processes. The aim of this research was to know the level of influence in influencing the decision and also the perception of various influence roles based on the understanding of local wisdom. Descriptive method was used by using a closed questionnaire to 130 respondents. The results showed that the husband, the parents and the mother-in-law were the individuals who had an influence on the decision of a pregnant woman. The need for permission was the highest factor chosen regarding the participation in the health program. This study provides an overview of the influence of individuals that must be considered in making a health program for pregnant women. Keywords: health program, influence of individual, local wisdom, pregnant mother

Digital Exhaustion: New Law from the Old World

Ebooks, audio files, video clips, computer programs and other digital goods have become central to our information society and sharing community. When we acquire digital goods, we are usually prompted to accept lengthy and complex contract terms that limit our rights. Scholars and consumer protection associations are worried whether we still know what we when we click to now - apparently few of us do, according to a recent empirical study. While the study was conducted in the new world, consumer protection associations in the old world were already trying cases in German courts, asserting that consumers were mislead when they were invited to buy digital goods under contract terms that precluded any resale of digital goods. Yet, interestingly, German courts have not been sympathetic to the claims. German courts held that downloads of digital goods other than computer programs do not exhaust distribution rights, consumers cannot own digital goods they download, and even if they did, they cannot temporarily reproduce them to sell a copy without the storage medium. In this article, I provide an introduction to the practical and legal dimension of digital exhaustion; examine the statutory framework in the EU and the U.S. in comparison; analyze case law on both sides of Atlantic, including very recent decisions regarding digital goods that have not been publicized in the United States yet; and provide an international perspective on exhaustion across national borders. I then apply the relevant legal principles to a set of common factual scenarios and variations to illustrate the significance of the topic and provide concrete legal results and a well-founded policy assessment. The rules on copyright exhaustion remain very complex and divergent in the United States and the European Union. They differ in both jurisdictions, differ between software and other works, differ depending on transaction terms, differ as to whether reproduction is permissible to sell copies separate from storage media, and differ as to whether exhaustion applies internationally. No wonder that many of us do not know what we when we now. From a public policy perspective, advocates of digital exhaustion can refer to consumer expectations, public access to works, freedom of commerce and transaction privacy in favor of digital exhaustion, allowing consumers to resell copies of digital works without a need for permission from the copyright owner. Opponents can cite to the interests of copyright owners, freedom of contract principles and counterproductive disruptions that typically come with legislative changes or courts overruling established statutory interpretations. Worth noting is that German courts have so far largely rejected the concept of digital exhaustion and do not seem to be concerned about consumer confusion, despite the traditionally high standards of consumer protection in Germany. Views and findings from the German cases as well as comparative legal analysis should be considered as the topic works itself through courts in the United States and legislative reform is considered on both sides of the Atlantic.

Guidelines for Contributors to AJOT.

Guidelines for Contributors to AJOT.

Digital Exhaustion - New Law from the Old World

Ebooks, audio files, video clips, computer programs and other digital goods have become central to our information society and sharing community. When we acquire digital goods, we are usually prompted to accept lengthy and complex contract terms that limit our rights. Scholars and consumer protection associations are worried whether we still know what we when we click to now - apparently few of us do, according to a recent empirical study. While the study was conducted in the new world, consumer protection associations in the old world were already trying cases in German courts, asserting that consumers were mislead when they were invited to buy digital goods under contract terms that precluded any resale of digital goods. Yet, interestingly, German courts have not been sympathetic to the claims. German courts held that downloads of digital goods other than computer programs do not exhaust distribution rights, consumers cannot own digital goods they download, and even if they did, they cannot temporarily reproduce them to sell a copy without the storage medium. In this article, I provide an introduction to the practical and legal dimension of digital exhaustion; examine the statutory framework in the EU and the U.S. in comparison; analyze case law on both sides of Atlantic, including very recent decisions regarding digital goods that have not been publicized in the United States yet; and provide an international perspective on exhaustion across national borders. I then apply the relevant legal principles to a set of common factual scenarios and variations to illustrate the significance of the topic and provide concrete legal results and a well-founded policy assessment. The rules on copyright exhaustion remain very complex and divergent in the United States and the European Union. They differ in both jurisdictions, differ between software and other works, differ depending on transaction terms, differ as to whether reproduction is permissible to sell copies separate from storage media, and differ as to whether exhaustion applies internationally. No wonder that many of us do not know what we when we now. From a public policy perspective, advocates of digital exhaustion can refer to consumer expectations, public access to works, freedom of commerce and transaction privacy in favor of digital exhaustion, allowing consumers to resell copies of digital works without a need for permission from the copyright owner. Opponents can cite to the interests of copyright owners, freedom of contract principles and counterproductive disruptions that typically come with legislative changes or courts overruling established statutory interpretations. Worth noting is that German courts have so far largely rejected the concept of digital exhaustion and do not seem to be concerned about consumer confusion, despite the traditionally high standards of consumer protection in Germany. Views and findings from the German cases as well as comparative legal analysis should be considered as the topic works itself through courts in the United States and legislative reform is considered on both sides of the Atlantic.

The Need for Permission, the Power to Enforce, and Duality in Cooperative Games with a Hierarchy

A cooperative game with transferable utility (TU game) captures a situation in which players can achieve certain payoffs by cooperating. We assume that the players are part of a hierarchy. In the literature, this invokes the assumption that subordinates cannot cooperate without the permission of their superiors. Instead, we assume that superiors can force their subordinates to cooperate. We show how both notions correspond to each other by means of dual TU games. This way, we capture the idea that a superiors’ ability to enforce cooperation can be seen as the ability to neutralize her subordinate’s threat to abstain from cooperation. Moreover, we introduce the coercion value for games with a hierarchy and provide characterizations thereof that reveal the similarity to the permission value.

Full Convertibility of the Indian Rupee: Exchange Rates and Feasibility

Convertible currencies are defined as currencies that are readily bought, sold, and converted without the need for permission from a central bank or Government entity. Most major currencies are fully convertible; i.e. they can be traded freely without restriction and with no permission required. The easy convertibility of currency is a relatively recent development and is in part attributable to the growth of the international trading markets and the FOREX markets in particular. Historically, movement away from the gold exchange standard once in common usage has led to more and more convertible currencies becoming available on the market. Because the value of currencies is established in comparison to each other, rather than measured against a real commodity like gold or silver, the ready trade of currencies can offer investors an opportunity for profit.

Parents of Children With Eating Disorders: Developing Theory-Based Health Communication Messages to Promote Caregiver Well-Being

Parents of children with eating disorders experience extreme emotional burden because of the intensity and duration of the recovery process. While parental involvement in a child's eating disorder treatment improves outcomes, parents often neglect their own well-being, which can impede their child's recovery. This study extends the research on caregivers and on health theory in practice by conducting formative research to develop a theory-based communication intervention encouraging parents to engage in adaptive coping and self-care behaviors. The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping and the Transtheoretical Model guided qualitative assessments of the determinants of parents' coping behaviors. Three focus groups with 19 parents of children with eating disorders and 19 semi-structured interviews with experts specializing in eating disorders were conducted. Findings indicate that parents and experts see parents' need for permission to take time for themselves as the main barrier to self-care. The main motivator for parents to engage in coping behaviors is awareness of a connection between self-care and their child's health outcomes. Participant evaluation of six potential messages for main themes and effectiveness revealed that theory-based elements, such as certain processes of change within the Transtheoretical Model, were important to changing health behavior.

Dietary Patterns, Metabolic Markers and Subjective Sleep Measures in Resident Physicians

Shiftwork is common in medical training and is necessary for 24-h hospital coverage. Shiftwork poses difficulties not only because of the loss of actual sleep hours but also because it can affect other factors related to lifestyle, such as food intake, physical activity level, and, therefore, metabolic patterns. However, few studies have investigated the nutritional and metabolic profiles of medical personnel receiving training who are participating in shiftwork. The aim of the present study was to identify the possible negative effects of food intake, anthropometric variables, and metabolic and sleep patterns of resident physicians and establish the differences between genders. The study included 72 resident physicians (52 women and 20 men) who underwent the following assessments: nutritional assessment (3-day dietary recall evaluated by the Adapted Healthy Eating Index), anthropometric variables (height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference), fasting metabolism (lipids, cortisol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], glucose, and insulin), physical activity level (Baecke questionnaire), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), and sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale; ESS). We observed a high frequency of residents who were overweight or obese (65% for men and 21% for women; p = 0.004). Men displayed significantly greater body mass index (BMI) values (p = 0.002) and self-reported weight gain after the beginning of residency (p = 0.008) than women. Poor diet was observed for both genders, including the low intake of vegetables and fruits and the high intake of sweets, saturated fat, cholesterol, and caffeine. The PSQI global scores indicated significant differences between genders (5.9 vs. 7.5 for women and men, respectively; p = 0.01). Women had significantly higher mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; p < 0.005), hs-CRP (p = 0.04), and cortisol (p = 0.009) values than men. The elevated prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and abnormal values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; >100 mg/dL) were observed in most individuals. Higher than recommended hs-CRP levels were observed in 66% of the examined resident physicians. Based on current recommendations, a high prevalence of low sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness was identified. These observations indicate the need to monitor health status and develop actions to reassess the workload of medical residency and the need for permission to perform extra night shifts for medical residents to avoid worsening health problems in these individuals.