Fixation Of Neck Research Articles

Distant migration of a broken guide pin following femoral neck fixation: a case report

IntroductionKirschner wires are frequently employed in orthopedic procedures. While most complications are minor, rare instances of distant pin migration can occur. Such migration is more prevalent in the shoulder region but has been reported elsewhere.Case presentationA 50-year-old Persian male with a right femoral neck fracture (Garden type IV) underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with three cannulated screws. During the procedure, a guide pin broke and remained lodged. Follow-up radiographs revealed the migrated pin in the patient’s chest wall near the 11th rib, necessitating surgical removal via thoracotomy.ConclusionThis case underscores the potential for orthopedic implant migration. While often associated with smaller pins, the risk exists for all sizes. The timeframe for diagnosis varies significantly and in some cases it can be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally.

The Effects and Risk Factors of Femoral Neck Shortening after Internal Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures.

Internal fixation has been established as a treatment of choice in relatively young patients with femoral neck fractures. Due to the characteristics of femoral neck anatomy and blood supply, complications such as malunion, nonunion, avascular necrosis, and femoral neck shortening can occur after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures. Unlike other complications such as avascular necrosis or nonunion, femoral neck shortening has not been relatively well studied. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and clinical outcomes of femoral neck shortening after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures. From June 2012 to July 2022, among 102 patients who underwent internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, 94 patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed. Internal fixation of the femoral neck was done with cannulated compression screws or a femoral neck system. Patients were divided into 2 groups; femoral neck shortening (≥ 5 mm) and no shortening (< 5 mm) according to measurement on follow-up hip anteroposterior (AP) simple radiographs compared with postoperative hip AP simple radiographs. Demographic and radiographic data were compared between the 2 groups. The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and a visual analog scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Among 94 patients, femoral neck shortening was observed in 33 (35.1%). In chi-square test, Pauwels angle, Garden type III or IV (displacement), and cortical comminution were significantly correlated with neck shortening (p < 0.05). In the multifactorial logistic regression test, cortical comminution was significantly correlated with femoral neck shortening (p < 0.01). The shortening group showed significantly lower clinical scores in terms of mHHS and VAS (p < 0.01). The femoral neck shortening group showed significantly lower clinical scores of mHHS and VAS than the no-shortening group. The presence of cortical comminution in preoperative hip computed tomography is a risk factor of femoral neck shortening after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures.

Manejo da fratura de fêmur e as principais complicações: Uma revisão sistemática

Objective: The general objective of the present study is to analyze the scientific literature on hip fractures in the elderly, seeking to identify the main risk factors, surgical treatment options and their complications, as well as long-term functional outcomes. Methodology: This is a systematic review focused on understanding the main aspects of the management of femoral neck fractures in the elderly. The research was guided by the question: "What is the best way to manage femoral neck fractures?". To find answers, searches were performed in the PubMed database using three descriptors combined with the Boolean term "AND". This resulted in 115 articles. 27 articles were selected for analysis and 19 articles used to compose the collection. The searches used were: (Femoral Neck Fractures) AND (Surgical Procedures, Operative) AND (Orthopedic Procedures); (Femoral Neck Fractures) AND (Postoperative Care); (Femoral Neck Fractures) AND (Intraoperative Complications). Results: Hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty (THA) are viable options, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Internal fixation with cannulated screws has a high complication rate, while the femoral neck fixation system shows promising results. The choice between cemented and uncemented prostheses continues to be debated. Conclusion: The choice of treatment should be individualized, considering factors such as age, comorbidities, and type of fracture. Early interventions are crucial to minimize complications and improve functional outcomes.

Retro - Prospective Comparative Study of Internal Fixation of Intra Capsular Neck of Femur Fracture by Dynamic Hip Screw Plate and Cannulated Cancellous Screw

Retro - Prospective Comparative Study of Internal Fixation of Intra Capsular Neck of Femur Fracture by Dynamic Hip Screw Plate and Cannulated Cancellous Screw

Outcomes of salvage total hip arthroplasty after failed cannulated screw fixation of fractured neck of femur

IntroductionIn a UK setting, cannulated hip screws (CHS) are frequently used to fix femoral neck fractures. Although often a relatively quick procedure and one that is delegated to more junior surgeons, failure rates of up to 23 % have been reported. The salvage procedure is total hip arthroplasty (THA). In this paper we report the outcomes of a series of THA for failed cannulated screw fixation. MethodsRetrospective analysis of one of the largest reported single cohort of 600 CHS procedures spanning 14 years from 2007 to 2020 from a single centre was performed. This identified 55 patients who went on to have total hip arthroplasty, 36 women, 19 men, mean (SD) age: 71.5 (13.6) years. Patient characteristics, reason for fixation failure and complications were recorded. Oxford hip scores were available for 47 patients. Comparison was made with a series of patients who underwent primary THA for fracture. ResultsFailure rate of CHS was 9.2 % in our cohort. Mean (SD) time from fixation to arthroplasty was 15.5 (12.4) months. Two patients (3.6 %) patients had a postop complication, one requiring further surgery. Mean (SD) preoperative Oxford hip score was 11.4 (8.0). This improved to 38.8 (10.4) at 1 year and 32.1 (14.9) at 5 years postoperatively. This compares to a mean (SD) of 39.7 (8.6) at 1 year and 39.4 (8.1) at 5 years in a group of 185 patients undergoing primary THA for hip fracture. Displaced fractures that went on to failure had better postop scores than nondisplaced fractures. DiscussionThe failure rate of CHS is relatively low and the salvage procedure of THA has a minimal complication rate and outcomes as good as primary THA for hip fracture.

Femoral shaft displacement and Winquist classification provide predictive characteristics for combined femoral neck and femoral shaft fractures

ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to establish radiographic features and characteristics of patient injury in cases of femoral shaft fractures that predict the presence of ipsilateral femoral neck fractures (IFNFs). MethodsPatient data was retrospectively assessed from a single level I trauma center through the electronic health record using (Current Procedural Terminology) CPT codes for both isolated and combined ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fractures. Demographic information, injury characteristics, and independently reviewed radiographic features were collected and compared against the same information from a group of isolated femoral shaft fractures. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for concomitant IFNFs and their respective odds ratios. A probability algorithm for assessing ipsilateral femoral neck fractures based on independent multivariate predictors was constructed and used. ResultsA total of 113 patients with either isolated femoral shaft fractures or combined femoral shaft and IFNF (n = 33) met inclusion criteria and were identified for this study. Fracture displacement was most strongly associated with increased risk of combined injury with an aOR of 25.64 (95 %CI = 5.96–110.28) for every 100 % displacement. Motorcycle crash (MCC) was the mechanism associated with the highest risk of combined injury, with an aOR of 9.85 (95 % CI = 1.99–48.74). Combined injury was also correlated with lower Winquist score and presentation with a closed fracture, with aORs of 0.38 (95 %CI = 0.21 - 0.68) and 11.61 (95 %CI = 1.93–69.94), respectively. Presence of at least 3 of the statistically significant variables produced a positive predictive value (PPV) of ≥ 89 % for combined femoral shaft and IFNF. ConclusionsIdentification of combined femoral shaft and IFNF is of critical importance when caring for orthopedic trauma patients. While diagnosis remains a challenging task, MCC mechanism, >100 % fracture displacement, and lower Winquist classification were found to be associated with combined injuries. The combination of these variables might assist in predicting the probability of combined injury and potentially guide decision making on the appropriateness of obtaining single sequence MRI or implementing prophylactic femoral neck fixation. Level of evidenceLevel III

A single-centre retrospective 10-year experience of the rhombic 3D condylar fracture plate for open reduction and internal fixation of condylar neck and base fractures

Fractures of the mandibular condyle account for a significant proportion of mandibular fractures. The specific functional loads require particular specifications for the implant design used for open reduction and internal fixation of such fractures. The clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients treated using a single rhombic 3D condylar fracture plate for open reduction and internal fixation at a single institution, and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, are presented.The primary outcome variables were: occlusion, maximum interincisal distance and mandibular excursion at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, and radiographic measurements for mandibular height and gonion angle.In total, 263 patients were included, of whom 173 (65.8%) were male and 90 (34.2%) female. The mean age was 40.4 ± 18.9 years. There was satisfactory occlusion in 98.9% of patients at the 6-month follow-up, and a significant improvement in all parameters for mandibular excursion (p < 0.001), with a reduced ramus height and an increase in the gonion angle on the fractured side.Excellent clinical and radiographic results were achieved using the rhombic-shaped implant, deeming it appropriate for the osteosynthesis of mandibular condyle fractures.

Application of Neck Brace as an Alternative Method of Immobilization after Circular Tracheal Resection. Case Series

Introduction. Cicatricial tracheal stenosis comprises a severe complication of traumatic or prolonged intubation of the trachea. Circular resection of the trachea serves as a radical method of surgical treatment. The distension of the anastamosis can be prevented by immobilization of the neck and head in the thoracic adduction, as a rule, with the Grillo suture technique. This method of fixation creates severe discomfort for the patient, especially when eating. Rare cases involve neurological disorders due to compression of the neurovascular bundles of the neck and spinal cord. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 6 patients diagnosed with cicatricial tracheal stenosis upon admission to the thoracic surgery unit. All patients underwent a circular tracheal resection. Immobilization of the cervical spine was performed using a cervical collar (Schantz collar type). Results. Immobilization was performed within 7–13 days, followed by a control tracheobronchoscopy. No complications related to anastomotic failure and no specific complications when using these orthoses were revealed. Discussion. The postoperative period was reported as uneventful; anastomotic healing proceeded in accordance with the physiological timing indicated by the framework of other studies. The applied orthosis provides immobilization of the cervical spine, preventing from any movement in this area, which is actually similar to the use of the Mulliken-Grillo suture, but has a number of advantages: absence of cosmetic defects, possibility of quick fixation and removal. Significantly, this provides an opportunity to assess the risk of neurochemical damage in patients during preliminary fixation of the head in the hyperflexic position at the preoperative stage. Conclusion. Having such advantages as the absence of cosmetic defects and the possibility of quick removal, this method of neck fixation can be considered as an alternative to the classical fixation method.

How good is good enough? Lessons learned from review of outcomes of 50 patients following extraoral open reduction and internal fixation of condylar neck and base fractures at a regional major trauma centre

The management of mandibular fractures is routine owing to their frequency, particularly those of the mandibular condyle, which are invariably common. Notwithstanding disparities in the literature, the international consensus towards which fractures of the mandibular condyle benefit from open surgical intervention is almost universally accepted. Closed reduction or non-operative management may be utilised in certain circumstances. Whilst outcome research has addressed complications with respect to operative side effects, outcomes related to the quality of bone repair and the setting in which this is delivered have not been universally addressed. The aim of this study was to determine the predictability of translating an indicated operative treatment plan into an acceptable functional result. We evaluated the outcomes of 59 extracapsular condylar fractures in 50 patients who were treated by extraoral open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) between March 2021 and August 2022. We reviewed demographic data, surgical approach, and plating strategy, and critically evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes. Whilst we found that the quality of reduction was not universally perfect, the majority were within tolerance, which we set according to the Strasbourg Osteosynthesis Research Group (SORG) definition for minimal displacement (<2 mm overlap and 10° angulation). The cohort had good functional occlusion and minimal long-term postoperative complications. Two patients required re-operation for non-union, and we discuss causality in these cases. In conclusion, we found that ORIF of condylar neck and base fractures is predictable in real-time surgical practice with respect to functional outcome. However, if imperfectly reduced, there is a small risk of non-union.

Surgical fixation of distal ulna neck and head fractures.

Distal ulna plate fixation for ulnar neck and head fractures (excluding ulnar styloid fractures) aims to anatomically reduce the distal ulna fracture (DUF) by open reduction and internal fixation, while obtaining astable construct allowing functional rehabilitation without need for cast immobilization. Severe displacement, angulation or translation, as well as unstable or intra-articular fractures. Furthermore, multiple trauma or young patients in need of quick functional rehabilitation. Inability to surgically address concomitant ipsilateral extremity fractures, thus, limiting early active rehabilitation. Stable, nondisplaced fractures. Need for bridging plate or external fixator of distal radiocarpal joint. An ulnar approach, with astraight incision between the extensor and flexor carpi ulnaris. Preservation of the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve. Reduction and plate fixation with avoidance of plate impingement in the articular zone. Postoperatively, an elastic bandage is applied for the first 24-48 h. In isolated DUF with stable fixation, apostoperative splint is often unnecessary and should be avoided. For the first fourweeks, only light weightbearing of everyday activities is allowed to protect the osteosynthesis. Thereafter, heavier weightbearing and activities are allowed and can be increased as tolerated. The best available evidence likely shows that for younger patients with aDUF, with or without concomitant distal radius fractures, open reduction and internal fixation can be safely achieved with good functional outcome and acceptable union and complication rates as long as proper technique is ensured.

Identifying risk factors for osteonecrosis after talar fracture.

To identify patient, injury, and treatment factors associated with development of avascular necrosis (AVN)following talar fractures, with particular interest in modifiable factors. Retrospective chart review. 21 US trauma centers and 1 UK trauma center. 2,220 patients with talar neck and/or body fractures. Open reduction internal fixation of talar neck and body fractures. Development of AVN. Infection, nonunion, and arthritis were secondary outcomes. 796 patients (408 M; 388 F; age 18-81, avg 38.6) with 796 (532R; 264L) fractures were included and were classified as Hawkins 1(51), IIA(71), IIB(113), III(158), IV(40), neck plus body (177), body (188). 336/798 developed AVN (42%), more commonly following any neck fracture (47.0%) vs isolated body fracture (26.1%, p<0.001). More severe Hawkins' classification, combined neck and body fractures, body mass index (BMI), tobacco smoking, right-sided fractures, open fracture, dual anteromedial and anterolateral surgical approaches, and associated medial malleolus fracture were associated with AVN. After multivariate regression, fracture type, tobacco smoking, open fractures, dual approaches, age, and BMI remained significant.Excluding late cases (>7 days), time to joint reduction for Hawkins type IIB-IV neck injuries was no different for those who developed AVN or not. AVN rates for reduction of dislocations within 6 hours of injury vs >6 hours were 48.8% and 57.5%, respectively. Complications included 60 (7.5%) infections and 70 (8.8%) nonunions. 42% of all patients developed AVN, with talar neck fractures, more displaced fractures and open injuries having higher rates. Injury-related factors are most prognostic of AVN risk. Surgical technique to emphasize anatomical reduction, without iatrogenic damage to remaining blood supply is essential. Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Safe range of femoral neck system insertion and the risk of perforation

BackgroundInternal fixation of the femoral neck carries a risk of perforation due to the presence of the isthmus of the femoral neck. At present, there are few studies on the safe and risk zones of the femoral neck system (FNS) implantation. This study aimed to recommend the safe range of injection of FNS in the lateral wall of the proximal femur, parallel to the axis of the femoral neck, during FNS treatment of femoral neck fracture (FNF).MethodsFemoral computed tomography (CT) data of 80 patients (male: 40; female: 40) who met the inclusion criteria were collected. Mimics 21.0 software was used to complete the modeling. 3-Matic 13.0 software was used to establish the axis of the femoral neck and its vertical plane, perform the cutting of the femoral neck, and project it on the vertical plane of the femoral neck axis. After matching a rectangle for each projection map, all sample sizes (80 cases) were standardized and superimposed to obtain gradient maps of the safe zone (SZ) and dangerous zone (RZ), thereby securing edge key points and safe FNS insertion range.ResultsIn the 80 samples, the mean diameter of the smallest femoral neck section was 33.87 ± 2.32 mm for men and 29.36 ± 1.92 mm for women. All 80 femoral necks had safe and risky areas. The SZ/S × 100% was 77.59 (± 2.22%), and the RS/S × 100% was 22.39% (± 2.22%). The risk area was composed of four parts: (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively, corresponding to 3.45 ± 1.74%, 5.51 ± 2.63%, 6.22 ± 1.41%, and 7.22 ± 1.39%. Four marginal key points, perforation risk, and safe ranges (SR) of FNS were analyzed on the lateral wall of the femoral neck.ConclusionsThe SR of FNS placement was recommended by digital simulation. In addition, Regions (3) and (4) posed a higher risk of penetrating the cortex. Using the gradient map of RZ for preoperative evaluation is recommended to avoid iatrogenic perforation.

Surgical fixation of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures: a matter of debate?

Segmental femoral fractures represent a rare but complex clinical challenge. They mostly result from high-energy mechanisms, dictate a careful initial assessment and are managed with various techniques. These often include an initial phase of damage control orthopaedics while the initial manoeuvres of patient and soft tissue resuscitation are employed. Definitive fixation consists of either single-implant (reconstruction femoral nails) or dual-implant constructs. There is no consensus in favour of one of these two strategies. At present, there is no high-quality comparative evidence between the various methods of treatment. The development of advanced design nailing and plating systems has offered fixation constructs with improved characteristics. A comprehensive review of the existing evidence with a step-by-step description of these different definitive fixation strategies based on three case examples was conducted. Furthermore, the rationale for using single vs dual-implant strategy in its case is presented with supportive references. The prevention of complications relies mainly on the strict adherence to basic principles of fracture fixation with an emphasis on careful preoperative planning, the quality of the reduction, and the application of soft tissue-friendly surgical methods.

Three-Year Experience and Outcomes of Near-Early Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fractures in Pediatric Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background The fractured neck of the femur in children is commonly caused by high-energy trauma, and despite its low incidence, complications are more frequent. Delayed presentation is not unusual in developing countries. The interval between injury and surgery is thought to be a critical factor in determining outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of "near early" internal fixation (24-72 hours)for fractured neck of the femur in children. Methods This is a retrospective observational study that analyzed complete case records from a period of seven years. Cases were classified according to the Delbet classification and outcomes were assessed using the Ratliff criteria with a minimum follow-up of three years. Results The study included 24 male and 11 female patients, with an average age of 11.28 years. The most common cause of injury was road traffic accidents. The fracture distribution in the study population was as follows: Delbet type II in 18 patients, Delbet type III in 10 patients, and Delbet type IV in seven patients. In our study, all patients underwent near-early fixation, meaning their fractures were fixed within 24-72 hours of injury.The average time for the clinical-radiological union was 8 weeks, and the most common complication was premature physeal fusion, followed by osteonecrosis. Conclusion In developing countries, where patients often experience delayed referrals and lack of awareness, near-early fixation (24-72 hours) of a fractured neck of the femur in children is a crucial option that holds significant value.

Novel Claw-shaped Bone Plate in Complex Unstable Scapular Neck and Body Fractures: Comparison with Reconstruction Locking Plate.

For complex and unstable scapular fractures requiring simultaneous fixation of the glenoid neck, the lateral margin of the body, and/or the scapular diaphysis, reconstruction locking plate is difficult to achieve satisfactory fixation. In order to optimize the fixation effect, the newly designed claw-shaped bone plate was designed for fixing such fractures. We also evaluate the clinical effects and follow-up at an average of 1 year after treatment in scapular internal fixation by using reconstruction locking plate and claw-shaped bone plate in complex unstable scapular body and glenoid neck fracture. A retrospective study was conducted from 2018 to 2021, thirty-three patients (27 males and six females) who were defined unstable scapular fractures by Ada-Miller. Fifteen patients (52.86 ± 8.26 years) received claw-shaped bone plate and 18 cases (51.61 ± 11.31 years) received reconstruction locking plate with the intermuscular approach. The clinical effect was evaluated based on the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical complications, clinical healing time and Constant-Murley score (CMS). The data analysis by Student t, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's chi squared test. Compared with reconstruction locking plate, the claw-shaped bone plate showed shorter operation time (102.73 ± 18.43 min vs. 156 ± 37.53, P < 0.0001), higher CMS (94.00 ± 4.07 vs. 89.88 ± 5.42, P = 0.02) and no differences between the two groups regarding intraoperative blood loss (208.00 ± 96.45 mL vs. 269.44 ± 120.21, P = 0.12) and clinical healing times (9.96 ± 1.52 vs. 10.05 ± 1.67, P = 0.87). Follow-up were conducted at first, third, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The operation was successful in all patients with no intraoperative complications. For the treatment of complex and unstable scapular neck body fractures, the application of claw-shaped bone plate demonstrated short operation time, better stability of the fracture block, and higher CMS. In the intraoperative and postoperative follow-up showed better clinical results and rehabilitation effects.

Total hip arthroplasty for failed internal fixation of femoral neck fracture: a retrospective study with 2–14 years’ follow-up of 345 patients

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to analyze mid- to long-term outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) following failed internal fixation of femoral neck fracture.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 345 patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent THA after failure of internal fixation at our hospital between January, 2003 and December, 2019. Patients older than 55 years (n = 175) and patients no older than 55 years (n = 170) were compared in terms of complications and survival rates during follow-up, which lasted a mean of 6 years.ResultsThe two age groups showed similarly low incidence of complications and similarly long periods of survival without revision surgery. Only three younger patients and two older patients underwent revision surgery during follow-up. The two groups showed similarly high survival rates at the end of follow-up (> 93%). Younger patients showed significantly bettter Harris hip score at last follow-up (90.2 vs. 88.1 points, p < 0.001) without clinically significant difference, but they required THA significantly earlier after internal fixation (4.4 vs. 6.8 years, p < 0.001).ConclusionsTHA after failed internal fixation of femoral neck fracture is a well tolerated and effective procedure in older and younger patients.

Effect of a new type of head and neck fixation and traction device in the surgical treatment of patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation

BackgroundIn order to improve the clinical medical technology, enhance the clinical effect and improve the disease detection rate, the clinical incidence rate of atlantoaxial dislocation and vertebral body malformation that are difficult to summarize is increasing year by year.MethodsA total of 80 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation deformity treated in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2021 are selected for this study. According to the number table method, 80 patients are randomly divided into the auxiliary group and the traditional group, with 40 cases in each group. The traditional group is treated with posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw system internal fixation and intervertebral fusion, and the auxiliary implementation and application of a new head and neck fixation and traction device through nasal cannula and oral release decompression fixation for posterior fusion. The patients in the two groups are compared changes and differences in efficacy, spinal cord function index, pain score, surgery, and quality of life.ResultsCompared with the traditional group, the total clinical effective rate, cervical spine extension and flexion range of motion, physical function, physical function, psychological function, and social function in the auxiliary group are significantly improved. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and VAS score are significantly reduced (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe new head and neck fixation traction device can improve the surgical efficacy and quality of life of patients with irreversible atlantoaxial dislocation, enhance spinal cord function, reduce pain symptoms and surgical risks, and is worthy of clinical application.

Application of 3D printing percutaneous guide plate in closed reduction and cannulated screw internal fixation of femoral neck fracture

To investigate the application of 3D printing percutaneous surgical guide plate in closed reduction and cannulated screw internal fixation of femoral neck fracture. The clinical data of 12 patients with femoral neck fracture from March 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into observation group and control group according to different operation plans, with 6 cases in each group. The observation group received percutaneous operation guide plate assisted closed reduction and hollow screw internal fixation, while the control group received closed reduction and hollow compression screw internal fixation. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopy times, and Kirschner needle puncture times were compared between two groups. The location of screws were recordedon postoperative X-ray films, follow-up time, time of complete fracture healing, Harris score of hip joint and the incidence of complications were recorded on postoperative X-ray films. The operation time of observation group (32.17±6.18) min was shorter than that of control group (53.83±7.31) min (P<0.05). The amount of intraoperative bleeding in the observation group (18.33±2.94) ml was less than that in the control group (38.17±5.56) ml(P<0.05). The times of fluoroscopy in the observation group (7.50±1.05) were less than those in the control group (21.00±4.82) (P<0.05). The number of Kirschner needle punctures (8.00±0.63) in observation group was less than that in control group (32.67±3.08) (P<0.05). The follow-up time was(12.88±0.74) months in observation group and (12.83±0.72) months in control group, there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). One year after operation, Harris score of hip joint in the observation group was(82.00±4.52) points, while that in the control group was(81.00±3.41) points, there was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). The time of complete fracture healing in the observation group was (7.50±1.05) months, while that in the control group was (7.67±1.21) months, there was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). The parallelism of the screws in the observation group was (0.50±0.11) ° and (0.76±0.15) °, which were lower than that in the control group (1.57±0.31) ° and (1.87±0.21) ° (P<0.05). The screw distribution area ratio (0.13±0.02) cm2 in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (0.08±0.01) cm2 (P<0.05). No complications such as necrosis of femoral head, nonunion of fracture, shortening of femoral neck and withdrawal of internal fixation occurred in both groups. The application of 3D printing percutaneous surgical guide plate improves the accuracy and safety of closed reduction and cannulated screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture. It has the advantages of minimally invasive, reducing radiation exposure, fast and accurate, shortening the operation time and reducing intraoperative bleeding.

Short term results of anatomic stemless shoulder replacement with peripheral neck fixation

Most of the current stemless implants are using a central neck fixation design. Easytech Stemless replacements (FX Solutions®, Viriat, France) were developed promoting the idea of peripheral fixation of the stemless implant. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical and radiological results of this stemless TSA implanted for osteoarthritis (OA). A retrospective study of patients who received TSA with the Easytech® Anatomical Shoulder System (FX Solutions®, Viriat, France) for OA was completed at five clinical sites. Preoperative and minimum 2 year follow-up Constant Scores and X-rays were evaluated. Two independent orthopedic surgeons analyzed X-rays to assess anatomy reconstruction and component migration. Revisions and serious adverse effects were reviewed. 129 patients were analyzed with an average follow-up of 37.47 months (24-54). Seven patients had a revision surgery and one of these resulted in the removal of the Anchor Base. The postoperative Constant Scores showed significant improvement with a mean raw Constant Score of 73.78 (38.0-100.0, mean increase 40.96, P<.0001) and mean adjusted Constant Score of 99.14 (42.20-133.30, mean increase 55.68, P<.0001). Radiographic review demonstrated that no modification of the center of rotation (COR) at minimum 24 months was greater than 3 mm and in comparison to preoperative radiographs, restoration of COR was lateralized in 25% of the cases, medialized in 61.5% and 13.5% had no change in COR. The mean value of the cervico-diaphyseal angle was 130.2° (114; 149) at 3 weeks and 129.9° (113.5; 144.0) at 2 years, demonstrating no significant difference (P=.16). 36 patients (35%) had calcar remodeling. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression found no significant factor, which was associated with the variation of the cervico-diaphyseal angle over time, center of rotation, calcar remodeling, or final Constant Score. The Walch B2 and C glenoid subset of patients (n=13) had overall survival rate of 90.9% [95% CI 75.4-100.0] vs. 98.0% [95% CI 95.3-100.0] in other glenoid types (P<.01). Walch B2/C patients were 4.44 [95% CI 1.13, 17.6] times more likely to have a Constant Score <85 (P=.03). The peripheral fixation of the Easytech® Anatomical Shoulder System for OA provides excellent clinical results and imaging stability at minimum two year follow-up. Elderly age, gender and BMI do not affect the stability.

EARLY RESULTS OF THE FEMORAL NECK SYSTEM IN FIXATION OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES

The Femoral Neck System (FNS) was introduced as an alternative device for the fixation of neck of femur fractures (NOFFs). The purported advantages include superior angular and rotatory stability compared to multiple cancellous screws, via a minimally invasive instrumentation that is simpler than conventional fixed angle devices. There were limited clinical studies regarding the utility of this device. We aimed to study the outcomes of NOFFs fixed with the FNS.This was a single-institution, retrospective review of all undisplaced elderly (≥60 years old) undisplaced young, and displaced young NOFFs fixed with the FNS. Demographics, surgical parameters, radiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes including complications were reviewed.Thirty-six subjects with a median age of 75 [44,89] years old, had NOFF fixation using the FNS. Thirty-one (86.1%) had undisplaced fractures. There were 6 (16.7%), 26 (72.2%), and 4 (11.1%) subjects with Pauwels types 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Thirty-two (88.9%) had posterior tilt of &lt;20º. The mean duration of surgery was 71±18 minutes. Excluding 4 patients whom required revision surgery, 2 patients whom demised, and 10 patients whom defaulted reviews, the mean follow-up duration was 55±13 weeks. Four complications were recorded, namely implant cut out at the femoral head at week 8, breaking of the locking screw at the run-off region at week 22, avascular necrosis at week 25, and a refracture following near fall, causing the fracture to fail in varus at week 7 postoperation.While reasonably fast to instrument, failures still occur and it is likely multifactorial. However, the rate of reoperation is lower than what has been reported for NOFFs fixed with the a fixed-angle device or 3 cancellous screws. In conclusion, the FNS is a reasonably safe instrument to use. Surgeons’ discretion is still needed in patient selection, keeping in mind the need for satisfactory radiological parameters.