Flight Navigation Research Articles

The Influence of Competence and Work Facilities on Employee Performance with Work Motivation as An Intervening Variable (Study at The Airnav Indonesia Branch Office in Merauke)

The performance of Airnav Indonesia Office Branch Merauke, which has the task of providing flight navigation services in the South Papua region, is still less than optimal, as seen from the inconsistency in sending aircraft movement data every month.The purpose of the research conducted was to analyze the effect of competence, work facilitation on employee performance with work motivation as an intervening variable at the Airnav Indonesia Merauke Office. This research is quantitative research and uses a questionnaire as a research instrument. The sample for this research is the entire population, namely 50 employees at the Airnav Indonesia office Branch Merauke. Descriptive analysis test is used to analyze data by utilizing the help of SEM PLS software. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between competence and performance, there is no significant influence between facilities and performance, and there is a significant influence between motivation and performance, there is a significant influence on competence on work motivation, there is a significant influence on facilities on motivation, there is a significant influence on competence on performance through work motivation, there is an influence related to work facilities on performance through work motivation, competence is the most dominant factor that has an influence on employee performance at the Airnav Indonesia Office in Merauke.

Analysis of False Alarms on DVOR Equipment at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport

According to the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No.71 of 1996 concerning Airports article 9 Paragraph (1) it is explained that flight navigation facilities can include Non Directional Beacons (NDB), Doppler VHF Omni Range (DVOR), Instrument Landing System (ILS), Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR). Airports must provide navigation facilities, especially the Doppler VHF Omni Range (DVOR), which is a flight aid that has unlimited (continuous) capabilities, and transmits combined radio signals, including Morse code and data that can enable receiver equipment on aircraft to acquire magnetic bearings. from the station to the airplane using the frequency due to the doppler effect, not the actual azimuth direction to the aircraft but information about the Doppler VHF Omni Range (DVOR) ground station point at I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with physical checking at the Denpasar Branch of Perum LPPNPI, there was an alarm on the Doppler VHF Omni Range (DVOR) equipment caused by a lightning strike which could not be controlled using LMMS due to failure in several modules. So researchers need to replace several modules affected by the Alarm, namely the LCU (Local Control Unit), CSU (Control Sector Unit), and ASU (Air STARTER UNIT) and do the finishing by checking the power and settings on the monitor, resulting in a Doppler VHF Omni Range (DVOR) adjustment. back to normal.

The Form of Responsibility of Airlines as Business Entities For Unilateral Flight Cancellations Is Viewed From The Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 89 of 2015 Concerning Handling of Flight Delays In Scheduled Commercial Air Transport Business

An airline is a company that provides services to goods and passengers traveling by air. The definition of aviation based on Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation is a unified system consisting of the use of airspace, aircraft, airports, air transportation, flight navigation, safety and security, environment, supporting facilities and other public facilities. . Every flight activity is the responsibility of the airline company. Specifically responsible for errors in unilateral cancellation of passenger departures made by the airline. As a corporation or legal entity, airlines are obliged to provide compensation to passengers in accordance with the policies contained in aviation law and consumer protection law (UUPK). The research method used in this research is normative research which examines library materials sourced from secondary data, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. This legal material was obtained by taking a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Then it is analyzed using qualitative methods to obtain a conclusion from the problem formulations that have been discussed. The purpose of this research is to find out the factors that cause departure cancellations by airlines and to find out how airlines are responsible for unilateral flight cancellations in terms of Regulation of the Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 89 of 2015 concerning Handling Flight Delays in Scheduled Commercial Air Transport Business Entities in Indonesia.

ANALISIS TRANSMISSION FAILURE PADA RCU T6M PAE SEBAGAI BACKUP RADIO APP PRIMARY 120.8 MHZ

Indonesia is an archipelagic country consisting of a group of large and small islands. Therefore, air transportation is needed to support good economic growth. Air transportation services must be balanced with good flight navigation services. The Indonesian government established Airnav Indonesia as an aviation navigation service agency in Indonesia. All aviation navigation and communication services in Indonesia are served by Airnav Indonesia. When communicating in the world of aviation, of course you must have facilities that support aviation communications. Aviation communication equipment facilities have an important role in assisting air traffic controllers in providing flight services. The author found damage to the T6M RCU which was used as a backup for the Primary VHF OTE APP radio. During inspection, it was discovered that the T6M RCU was unable to transmit. After analyzing the problem, the author takes corrective steps. Flight communications equipment must always be in normal condition to support flight navigation services

A high-altitude geomagnetic matching area selection approach based on geomagnetic information entropy and geomagnetic direction entropy

Aiming at the obvious trend of the contours on the high-altitude geomagnetic map, this paper presents a method of high-altitude geomagnetic matching area selection combining geomagnetic information entropy and geomagnetic direction entropy based on the study of geomagnetic information entropy and geomagnetic direction entropy. The method first uses geomagnetic information entropy to select the region with rich geomagnetic information, and then determines the direction of the flight trajectory according to geomagnetic direction entropy to obtain the optimal matching trajectory. Finally, the method compares and analyzes the matching localization results of three flight trajectories in different directions on the geomagnetic map at an altitude of 30,000 m by using semi-physical simulation. The experimental results show that the flight navigation error along the trajectory with small information entropy is small, and its positioning error is 12.7% of the trajectory positioning error along the maximum information entropy direction. Selecting the flight trajectory according to the value of the geomagnetic direction entropy can greatly improve the precision and reliability of the geomagnetic matching localization. The method in this paper can provide a basis for path planning of the geomagnetic matching navigation.

Simulation Model Design of VHF Omni-Directional Range (VOR) Based on Microcontroller

The process of giving directional information to assist airplanes in making an accurate landing at the airport of destination is known as aviation navigation. The VHF Omnidirectional Range is a crucial navigation tool for guiding planes to the airport (VOR). Since it costs a lot of money to learn how to fly an airplane, a VOR simulator was developed that can mimic the movement of an aircraft passing through the VOR. The simulation that was produced is a prototype that sends and receives signals to the aircraft utilizing an antenna and microcontroller as supporting hardware. The VOR/DME flight navigation system is constructed in this study using mathematical modeling; a formulation representing the essential features of the system is expressed as a set of connected variables. The ESP32 module that powers the system serves as a DME by sending out Bluetooth radio signals. where one ESP32 module serves as a DME object (moving DME) and three ESP32 modules serve as DME stations (ground DME). Information on the distance between the DME station and the DME object will be communicated using the MQTT protocol, and this data will be processed using the trilateration method to predict the location and movement of the DME object. The measurement accuracy at DME station 1, DME station 2, and DME station 3 are 99.52%, 99.92%, and 99.98% respectively. The enhanced capabilities to estimate the position of objects observed from different directions or omni-directionally on a two-dimensional scale are made possible by the performance results of combining the performance of three ESP32 devices as Distance Measurement Equipment (DME).

Towards mmWave Altimetry for UAS: Exploring the Potential of 77 GHz Automotive Radars

Precise altitude data are indispensable for flight navigation, particularly during the autonomous landing of unmanned aerial systems (UASs). Conventional light and barometric sensors employed for altitude estimation are limited by poor visibility and temperature conditions, respectively, whilst global positioning system (GPS) receivers provide the altitude from the mean sea level (MSL) marred with a slow update rate. To cater to the landing safety requirements, UASs necessitate precise altitude information above ground level (AGL) impervious to environmental conditions. Radar altimeters, a mainstay in commercial aviation for at least half a century, realize these requirements through minimum operational performance standards (MOPSs). More recently, the proliferation of 5G technology and interference with the universally allocated band for radar altimeters from 4.2 to 4.4 GHz underscores the necessity to explore novel avenues. Notably, there is no dedicated MOPS tailored for radar altimeters of UASs. To gauge the performance of a radar altimeter offering for UASs, existing MOPSs are the de facto choice. Historically, frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars have been extensively used in a broad spectrum of ranging applications including radar altimeters. Modern monolithic millimeter wave (mmWave) automotive radars, albeit designed for automotive applications, also employ FMCW for precise ranging with a cost-effective and compact footprint. Given the technology maturation with excellent size, weight, and power (SWaP) metrics, there is a growing trend in industry and academia to explore their efficacy beyond the realm of the automotive industry. To this end, their feasibility for UAS altimetry remains largely untapped. While the literature on theoretical discourse is prevalent, a specific focus on mmWave radar altimetry is lacking. Moreover, clutter estimation with hardware specifications of a pure look-down mmWave radar is unreported. This article argues the applicability of MOPSs for commercial aviation for adaptation to a UAS use case. The theme of the work is a tutorial based on a simplified mathematical and theoretical discussion on the understanding of performance metrics and inherent intricacies. A systems engineering approach for deriving waveform specifications from operational requirements of a UAS is offered. Lastly, proposed future research directions and insights are included.

Analisa Dampak Sambaran Petir pada Peralatan NDB JTM-30C di Jakarta Air Traffic Services Center

This study analyzes the impact of lightning strikes on the NDB JTM-30C equipment at the Jakarta Air Traffic Services Center (JATSC). NDB equipment is used in flight navigation, but lightning strikes can disrupt operations and flight safety. Data on lightning strikes and disturbances to the NDB were collected and analyzed. The results show a relationship between the frequency of lightning strikes and disturbances to the NDB. These disturbances can affect signal quality, cause temporary outages, or result in permanent damage to the equipment. The potential impact poses risks to flight safety and operational performance. Mitigation measures, regular maintenance, and early warning systems should be implemented to reduce the risks of disturbances caused by lightning strikes. This research provides a better understanding and a foundation for effective mitigation strategies to enhance flight safety.

The Importance Of Integrated LOCA Between Adjacent Units in Aerodrome

This journal discusses the importance of Letter Of Operasional Coordination Agreement (LOCA) and the connection of LOCA between units in the implementation of aviation at Aerodrome. Aviation is a unified system consisting of the use of airspace, aircraft, Aerodromes, air transportation, flight navigation, safety and security, the environment, and other public facilities. To optimize and improve the quality, safety, and security of aviation operations, one way is to create synergy between units at the Aerodrome so that coordination and collaboration between units can be optimized. LOCA is one of the main supports for creating optimal flight operations. This research aims to harmonize the main tasks, functions, and authorities between units so that there are no similarities so that there is no overlap in authority which could have the potential to be bad in the implementation of flight operations at Aerodrome.

Improving Learning Outcomes Through Interactive Learning Media Based on Macromedia Flash

In order to adapt to the curriculum changes from 2016 to 2020 in the Air Navigation Engineering D3 Program, an innovative approach utilizing interactive learning media is required. This aims to support curriculum transformation due to technological advancements and the needs of the professional world. Therefore, the objective of this research is to assess the improvement of learning outcomes through the use of interactive learning media in teaching about navigation aids. The research subjects are D3 Air Navigation Engineering 13th Alpha and Bravo cohorts. Data collection was obtained from learning outcomes through Evaluation and Interactive Learning Media on Flight Navigation Aids. This research is a quasi-experimental quantitative study using pretest-posttest design. The conclusion drawn from the review and data analysis, to assess the validity using SPSS, is that the calculated r-value (r) is greater than the critical r-value (r 0.30), indicating that the questionnaire items are valid. Meanwhile, for the reliability test results, a Guttman SplitHalf coefficient correlation value of 0.929 was obtained, which is ≥ 0.80. The Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.861. It can be concluded that all items of the ability variable (x) are valid. The pre-test and post-test scores in the control group were 40 and 75, respectively. Whereas in the experimental group, the class provided with interactive learning media obtained pre-test and post-test scores of 45 and 85, respectively. Therefore, this learning media can lead to increased student engagement and a significant improvement in their academic success

SISTEM PENANGKAL PETIR DI GEDUNG TELEKOMUNIKASI DAN GEDUNG PAI MATSC

On Friday, 11 November 2022, there was damage to the radio link equipment in the HF and MSSR radio transmitter communication systems due to a lightning strike operating at the Makassar Air Traffic Service Center (MATSC) office. This lightning strike is a phenomenon that poses a threat to the operation of flight navigation services carried out by the MATSC branch of Perum LPPNPI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the external lightning protection system that has been installed and also to determine the effectiveness of the conventional lightning protection system on the antenna tower next to the MATSC radio PAI building. This study uses quantitative research methods. Retrieval of data using the method of observation and measurement. The calculation results found that the PAI Building was included in category IV, meaning that the lightning strike hazard level is 80%. While the antenna tower has a protection level category III, which means it has a danger level of 90%. However, from the observations, only the tower antenna is provided with a conventional type of lightning rod, while the PAI Building does not have a lightning rod system. The calculation results show that the existing conventional lightning rod protection angle is around 35o with a protection radius of 16.58 m. So that with this radius, the PAI building does not fully get protection from the dangers of lightning strikes.
 
 Keywords: Lightning Protection System, Antenna Tower, PAI MATSC Building

Analysis of New Loleo Airport Facilities in Tidore City Islands

The construction of a new airport in Loleo Tidore Islands City acts as a transportation network node and supports economic growth and local government activities in North Maluku, that this airport is projected for the connectivity of the IWIP Industrial Estate and the capital of North Maluku Province (Sofifi City). The data collection methods used in this study include observation and literature study. The analyzed facilities consist of airside facilities consisting of a runway, taxiway, and apron. While the land-side facilities to be analysed consist of facilities in public zones, technical zones, and supporting zones. Other facilities that will be analysed also in this study consist of flight navigation facilities, visual landing aids, communication and information facilities, PKP-PK facilities, and PLLU facilities. The results of the analysis of total land requirements for the construction of new airport facilities in Loleo City Tidore Islands phase 1 amounted to 200 Ha and phase 2 amounted to 200 Ha so the total land needed was 400 Ha. The annual passenger movement of Phase I amounted to 569,443 passengers in Phase II amounted to 1,175,839 passengers, the plan the length of the runway Phase I along 1600 m served the largest aircraft ATR 72-600, and phase II 2500 m served the largest aircraft, namely Boeing 737-900 ER, and the farthest route of phase I development was Loleo - Ambon and the farthest route of phase II development was Loleo – Jakarta.

A Novel Geo-Localization Method for UAV and Satellite Images Using Cross-View Consistent Attention

Geo-localization has been widely applied as an important technique to get the longitude and latitude for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) navigation in outdoor flight. Due to the possible interference and blocking of GPS signals, the method based on image retrieval, which is less likely to be interfered with, has received extensive attention in recent years. The geo-localization of UAVs and satellites can be achieved by querying pre-obtained satellite images with GPS-tagged and drone images from different perspectives. In this paper, an image transformation technique is used to extract cross-view geo-localization information from UAVs and satellites. A single-stage training method in UAV and satellite geo-localization is first proposed, which simultaneously realizes cross-view feature extraction and image retrieval, and achieves higher accuracy than existing multi-stage training techniques. A novel piecewise soft-margin triplet loss function is designed to avoid model parameters being trapped in suboptimal sets caused by the lack of constraint on positive and negative samples. The results illustrate that the proposed loss function enhances image retrieval accuracy and realizes a better convergence. Moreover, a data augmentation method for satellite images is proposed to overcome the disproportionate numbers of image samples. On the benchmark University-1652, the proposed method achieves the state-of-the-art result with a 6.67% improvement in recall rate (R@1) and 6.13% in average precision (AP). All codes will be publicized to promote reproducibility.

Procurement Of Isolated Parking Area For Supporting Flight Safety In Hang Nadim Batam International Airport

Flight is one unit that can not stand alone. Flight consists of the utilization of airspace, aircraft, airports, air transportation, flight navigation, safety, environmental safety, and other facilities. Hang Nadim International Airport does not yet have supporting facilities to enhance flight safety, namely an isolated aircraft parking area. This place is used to accommodate aircraft that are in a certain condition that can endanger the aircraft itself, other aircraft, and the surrounding environment. Every aiport authority is obliged to provide an isolated place for the placement of aircraft that experience disturbances or security threats.

Pengaruh Peningkatan Kemampuan Personil, Pengenalan Keselamatan, dan Sosialisasi Kawasan Keselamatan Operasi Penerbangan terhadap Kualitas Individu pada Pelayanan Jasa Kebandarudaraan

The utilization of airspace is the implementation and sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia as a whole. Including the national airspace arrangement, service delivery, personnels, facilities, flight navigation services, and the imposition of sanctions in accordance with applicable legal regulations in Indonesia. Airports are the most important facilities in air transportation services in various places including in Indonesia, because their function is intended as a place for departure and landing of aircraft, boarding and falling of passengers, goods (cargo), and postal. The method of writing this scientific article is to apply qualitative methods and methods of literature. This study uses the literature review method so as to obtain results on Personnels Capability has an influence on Individual Quality in Airport Services, Safety recognition has an influence on Individual Quality in Airport Services, and Socialization of Safety Areas has an influence on Individual Quality in Airport Services.

PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PERUSAHAAN UMUM LEMBAGA PENYELENGGARA PELAYANAN NAVIGASI PENERBANGAN INDONESIA CABANG PALEMBANG

This study aims to determine the effect of work discipline, leadership style, and work experience on employee performance. The method used is a description with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were 80 people. LPPNPI Indonesia is a state-owned company engaged in air navigation services. Airnav was established on September 13, 2012 through Government Regulation No. 77 of 2012. The establishment of Airnav Indonesia was based on two facts about Indonesia's aviation conditions, namely, PT. Angkasa Pura I, PT. Angkasa Pura II, and the Airport Technical Implementation Unit which concurrently has the task of managing the airport land sector and flight navigation. As well as recommendations from ICAO for specialized agencies or institutions in the field of navigation to establish aviation. The results of this study indicate that work discipline has a significant effect on employee performance, leadership style has no effect on employee performance and work experience has an effect on employee performance.

Robust flight navigation out of distribution with liquid neural networks

Autonomous robots can learn to perform visual navigation tasks from offline human demonstrations and generalize well to online and unseen scenarios within the same environment they have been trained on. It is challenging for these agents to take a step further and robustly generalize to new environments with drastic scenery changes that they have never encountered. Here, we present a method to create robust flight navigation agents that successfully perform vision-based fly-to-target tasks beyond their training environment under drastic distribution shifts. To this end, we designed an imitation learning framework using liquid neural networks, a brain-inspired class of continuous-time neural models that are causal and adapt to changing conditions. We observed that liquid agents learn to distill the task they are given from visual inputs and drop irrelevant features. Thus, their learned navigation skills transferred to new environments. When compared with several other state-of-the-art deep agents, experiments showed that this level of robustness in decision-making is exclusive to liquid networks, both in their differential equation and closed-form representations.

An Indoor Real-Time Visualization Exploration Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Aiming at the scene of a rescue in an indoor environment, this paper proposes an indoor real-time visual exploration UAV. UAVs can model the unknown space in 3D space in real-time, obtain obstacle information and flight navigation information, avoid obstacles and fly to the region of interest in real-time. Real-time transmission of three-dimensional space information to the remote end to provide rescue personnel with timely arrangements for rescue plans. The 3D mapping uses a 32-line laser radar, combining high-density point clouds and IMU to obtain accurate and real-time navigation information. The point cloud is then made into a grid map for real-time planning so that the UAV can independently calculate the flight path to the designated area. Then it is transmitted to the remote interface in real-time through WIFI communication so that the rescuers can quickly get the location and route of the rescuers needed and complete the rapid rescue operation.

Intelligent PIV Fuzzy Navigation and Attitude Controller for an Octorotor Mini-UAV

In this research, a proportional plus integral plus velocity (PIV) fuzzy gain scheduling flight controller for an octorotor mini-unmanned aerial vehicle is developed. The designed flight controller scheme, with a PIV term, is combined with a fuzzy gain scheduling approach. The tracking controller PIV fuzzy gain scheduling is based on two controllers connected in cascade with a saturation approach. The Newton–Euler equations of motion are applied to obtain a mathematical model for the octorotor mini-unmanned aerial vehicle (mini-UAV). The flight controller approach is applied to obtain coupling moments and forces with interconnected attitude and navigation tracking trajectory. In the design of a flight navigation controller with two layers, the inner layer consists of a PIV fuzzy gain scheduling controller that is applied to the attitude dynamics, obtaining the references for the coupling outer layer PIV fuzzy gain scheduling controller, which manipulates the translational dynamics. The navigation PIV fuzzy gain scheduling controller is saturated for bounding in translational forces to avoid large deviations of commands to Euler angles pitch and roll, and another saturated controller is implemented for the bounded thrust rotor to avoid the excessive angular speed of these rotors. The octorotor mini-UAV flight navigation simulation is performed to validate the tracking control of a sequence of motions in each axis, which is presented as a validation for the proposed control scheme.

PENGARUH PEMOTONGAN TUNJANGAN SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN MOTIVASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING DI PERUM LEMBAGA PENYELENGGARA PELAYANAN NAVIGASI PENERBANGAN INDONESIA (LPPNPI) CABANG PALEMBANG

This study examines the effect of cutting allowances on employees and wants to analyze the effect of cutting allowances on performance with motivation as an intervening variable at Perum LPPNPI Palembang Branch. By using saturated sampling technique obtained a sample of 36 respondents. The research method in this study used descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic that have spread throughout the world have had a profound impact on the economic sector. The negative impact even affects most companies, both large, medium, and small. State-owned enterprises (State Owned Enterprises) have an impact that is not much different if this situation is not resolved immediately, employees will experience financial losses. In the field, it is often found that every day workers do the opposite and can pose a danger to the company itself. Perum LPPNPI Palembang Branch is one of the state-owned companies as the only company engaged in flight navigation services in Indonesia, it is necessary to pay attention to factors that can affect performance, one of which is allowances. This shows that the variable withholding allowances has a significant effect on the performance of the Palembang branch of Perum LPPNPI Indonesia. With the cut in allowances, it will definitely have an impact on the family life of employees, this decrease in income will certainly greatly disrupt family finances because on the other hand, the value of the elements of family expenditure also increases.